Search

Your search keyword '"Tockman, Melvyn S."' showing total 179 results
Start Over Author "Tockman, Melvyn S."
179 results on '"Tockman, Melvyn S."'

2. The Early Detection of Second Primary Lung Cancers by Sputum Immunostaining

Author

Tockman, Melvyn S, Erozan, Yener S, Gupta, Prabodh, Piantadosi, Steven, Mulshine, James L, and Ruckdeschel, John C

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, Prevention, Lung Cancer, Lung, Cancer, Aged, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antigens, Differentiation, Antigens, Neoplasm, Biomarkers, Tumor, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Neoplasms, Second Primary, Predictive Value of Tests, Sputum, Clinical Sciences, Respiratory System, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

Study objectiveTo determine whether monoclonal antibody (Mab) detection of tumor-associated antigen expressed on sputum epithelial cells precedes clinical presentation of second primary lung cancer. DESIGN SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Eleven oncology centers collaborate in the accrual of 1,000 patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had undergone resection. The Mabs examined in this study (624H12, 703D4) detect two promising oncofetal/differentiation markers (ie, a difucosylated Lewis X and a 31-Kd glycoprotein antigen).InterventionsInduced sputum specimens are evaluated for quality, then are Papanicolaou and immunostained by independent central laboratories at enrollment and annually thereafter. The predictive value of Mab markers is compared with routine morphologic study for detection of second primary lung cancer during an anticipated 3 years of accrual and 1 year of follow-up.Measurements and resultsFive hundred eighty of an anticipated 1,000 patients have been accrued on schedule. Patients are primarily white (88.6%), former smokers (75.9%), men (55.6%), with a median age of 66.7, and joined the study at an average of 3.7 years following resection of a stage 1 NSCLC (34.4% squamous, 43.6% adenocarcinoma). Central laboratories found less dysplasia and more unsatisfactory specimens (27.3%) than do the accrual institution laboratories. Immunostaining identifies more suspicious cells than does morphologic study. However, only two second primary lung cancers (eight total deaths) have occurred to date.ConclusionsHalfway through the accrual, we describe the study design and preliminary observations. This study illustrates rational selection of carcinogenesis markers by linkage of marker expression on preneoplastic specimens with subsequent expression on tumor tissue.

Published
1994

5. Computed tomography screening and lung cancer outcomes

Author

Bach, Peter B., Jett, James R., Pastorino, Ugo, Tockman, Melvyn S., Swensen, Stephen J., and Begg, Colin B.

Subjects
Lung cancer -- Diagnosis, Lung cancer -- Patient outcomes, CT imaging -- Usage, Cancer -- Diagnosis, Cancer -- Methods
Abstract

Studies were conducted to examine the impact of screening for lung cancer by computed tomography (CT) on lung cancer outcomes. Results revealed that screening for lung cancer with low-dose CT might increase the rate of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment by lung cancer resection, but might not significantly reduce the risk of advanced lung cancer or death from lung cancer.

Published
2007

10. Longitudinal change in forced expiratory volume in healthy, non-smoking men and women: the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging

Author

Pearson, Jay D., Kao, Stephanie Y., Brant, Larry J., Metter, E. Jeffrey, Tockman, Melvyn S., and Fozard, James L.

Subjects
Forced expiratory volume -- Research, Sex differences -- Health aspects, Age -- Health aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

Studies have found both gender- and age-related differences in rates of forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1). FEV1 decline was found to be slower in women than in men, but not at a statistically significant rate. Variability between subjects is also lower in women than in men, and rises with age.

Published
1998

12. Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and smoking-related chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Author

Shahar, Eyal, Folsom, Aaron R., Melnick, Sandra L., Tockman, Melvyn S., Comstock, George W., Gennaro, Valerio, Higgins, Millicent W., Sorlie, Paul D., Ko, Wen-Jene, and Szklo, Moyses

Subjects
Smokers -- Food and nutrition, Unsaturated fatty acids -- Health aspects, Lung diseases, Obstructive -- Health aspects
Abstract

Frequent consumption of the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids found in fish may help protect smokers against chronic obstructive lung disease. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study provided a database of 8,960 former or current smokers whose respiratory symptoms and dietary habits were known. After controlling for confounding factors such as race, age and weight, subjects in the upper 25% for fish consumption were two-thirds as likely to have chronic bronchitis, one-third as likely to have emphysema, and half as likely to have lung function in the lower 5% of the group. One explanation for the protective effect is that these diseases result from inflammatory processes triggered by tobacco smoke, and these fatty acids inhibit inflammatory processes. Chronic obstructive lung disease is so rare among nonsmokers that the effect of fish consumption could not be evaluated.

Published
1994

20. Pulmonary function and respiratory symptoms in wildland firefighters

Author

Rothman, Nathaniel, Ford, Patrick, Baser, Michael E., Hansen, John A., O'Toole, Tara, Tockman, Melvyn S., and Strickland, Paul T.

Subjects
Wildfire fighters -- Medical examination, Pulmonary function tests -- Evaluation, Fire extinction -- Health aspects, Forced expiratory volume -- Measurement, Lungs -- Injuries, Wildfire fighters -- Health aspects, Business, Health care industry
Abstract

In the US, it is estimated that there are 80,000 forest or wilderness firefighters. Wildland fires generate large quantities of particulates in the air that can irritate the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs. The extent of exposure to the particulates while fighting a wildland fire depends on the size of the fire, the wind, the terrain and the methods used for putting out the fire, such as spraying with water versus setting backfires. Firefighting is physically demanding and increases the breathing rate, which in turn increases the amount of particulates that are inhaled. Wildland fires tend to burn for long periods of time and it is common for crews to work for 12 to 18 hours per day. During very large fires, camps are established near the fire and the crew is continuously exposed to smoke from the wildland fire. A study was performed to evaluate the pulmonary effects of inhaling smoke from wildland fires. The study included 52 wildland firefighters who work in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada mountains in Northern California. The firefighters were between the ages of 18 and 45, and they did not smoke. Lung function was evaluated by measuring the amount of air that could be forcefully exhaled from the lungs in one second (FEV1, forced expiratory volume) and the total amount of air that could be exhaled from the lungs following a deep breath (FVC, forced vital capacity). Recent firefighting activity was associated with decreases in both FEV1 and FVC, and was associated with eye irritation, nose irritation, and wheezing. Wearing a cotton bandanna over the nose and mouth, a common practice of firefighters, did not protect against lung symptoms or declines in lung function. It is concluded that more effective methods are needed for protecting the lungs during prolonged periods of firefighting. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1991

37. O-163 Fluorescence bronchoscopy detects second primary lung cancer during the pre-operative evaluation of patients with known or suspected primary lung cancer

Author

Walsh, Frank, primary, Rolfe, Mark W., additional, Robinson, Lary A., additional, Sommers, Eric, additional, Orlando, Daniel A., additional, Hoffberger, Darren, additional, Austin, Allen, additional, King, John, additional, Alberts, Michael W., additional, and Tockman, Melvyn S., additional

Published
2003
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Risk factors and early detection of lung cancer in a cohort of Chinese tin miners

Author

Qiao, You-Lin, primary, Taylor, Philip R., additional, Yao, Shu-Xiang, additional, Erozan, Yener S., additional, Luo, Xue-Chang, additional, Barrett, Michael J., additional, Yan, Qing-Yuan, additional, Giffen, Carol A., additional, Huang, Shao-Qiang, additional, Maher, Michelle M., additional, Forman, Michele R., additional, and Tockman, Melvyn S., additional

Published
1997
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results