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Financial dependence on an abusive partner is a threat to long-term safety for survivors of interpersonal violence. This study piloted a process to identify and address barriers to implementation of financial capability and asset building (FCAB) programming for survivors in one domestic and sexual violence agency. A tiered implementation approach included (a) a participatory diagnostic evaluation with clients (n= 10), staff (n= 10), and stakeholders (n= 3); (b) an expert panel to prioritize the barriers and propose implementation strategies; and (c) the development of a tailored action plan. The formative evaluation identified limited staff financial knowledge, self-efficacy, and incentives as barriers. The tailored action plan included research-tested implementation strategies: (a) conduct ongoing training for staff, (b) identify “champions,” and (c) change the record system. Monitoring and evaluation of the action plan is ongoing; the process provides a replicable method for social service agencies to improve FCAB programming and to ultimately improve economic conditions for clients.

The anhydrous structures of three-layer phyllosilicates are destroyed by heating, as in differential thermal analyses, over a range of temperatures starting from about 775°C, mean temperature for pyrophyllite, and rising to about 1075°C, a mean temperature for biotite. Parallel to the trend of increasing temperature of stability (and destruction) is an increased ratio of substituted Al for Si in the tetrahedral layers and, in some occurrences, of Mg for Al in the octahedral layers. These substitutions increase the degree of ionic bonding (and decrease the covalent bonding) within the oxygen framework. The electronegativity difference between the cation and oxygen increases as Al substitutes for Si, and Mg for Al. Increase in ionic character of a compound is compatible, from chemical considerations, with increase in thermal stability and susceptibility of the compound to alteration by water. The principle illustrated by the phyllosilicates applies likewise to mineral groups of other silicate structure, such as the anorthite-albite series, the forsterite—fayalite series, and others.

Reveals the factors blamed for the drop of stock price indexes in the United States in October, 2000, compared to the year-ago level. Increase in interest rates and oil prices; Decline in the value of the euro; Volatility index estimated by the Chicago Board Options Exchange.

Comments on a study done by Pennsylvania College of Optometry which outlines the elements that can enhance the effectiveness of a sign design. Visibility; Readability; Noticeability; Legibility.