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The state support of development of branch it is necessary to recognise shipbuilding inclusion in a complex of connected and the interdependent manufactures connected with creation, operation, service and recycling of courts, which allows to raise both efficiency action government regulation of the area, and her(its) competitiveness on market.

Аналізується структура промислового виробництва та обґрунтовується значення її окремих елементів для виходу промисловості зі системної кризи. У цьому значенні промислова політика виступає як політика структурна, безпосередньо пов'язана з реалізацією потенціалу машинобудівного комплексу країни. The pattern of industrial production is analyzed and grounded value of its separate elements for the output of industry from a system crisis. In this value an industrial policy comes forward as a policy is structural, directly related to achieving machine-building complex of country.

Is actual income inequality accurately translated into people's perceptions, and what are the genuine hopes of citizens? Our contribution offers insights into how the reality and two subjective dimensions of income inequality, namely perceptions, and desires, interact. Using data from the Eurobarometer, we study the main patterns of different ‘types’ of inequality (measured by S80/S20 ratio) in the regions of the EU Member States. Considering the role of attitudes and beliefs, the residents of the same region are typically found to hold a similar perception of how unequal their society is. Moreover, and somewhat surprisingly, the reality is contrary to people's perception since low (high) actual income inequality in the region is often reflected in its overestimated (underestimated) perception. We also show that perceived, and desired inequality are distinct metrics as commonly applied determinants of perceptions are rather weakly associated with desired inequality, probably due to the normative nature of the latter. The evidence presented here implies that objective measures of income inequality should be used in conjunction with subjective ones to gain a complete picture of the phenomenon. Our findings may assist policy-makers and other interested stakeholders in designing dedicated policies to counteract inequality in all its forms.

An important aspect of the multidimensional perception of poverty phenomenon is the dependence among the underlying indicators. However, the commonly applied approaches to multidimensional poverty assessment do not capture this interdependence. In this paper we propose a new multidimensional poverty index accounting for the dependence and innovate over the weighting approach. The weighting method proposed here incorporates the copula-based rank dependence among well-being dimensions and contains necessary normative parameters. In particular, the latter includes the elasticity of substitution among dimensions and the belief-adjusting parameter, which specifies the direction of relation between the dependence and the weights. The results of poverty evaluation in the selected European countries suggest that multidimensional poverty is driven not only by the individual shortfalls, but also by the degree of interdependence among well-being indicators. Moreover, multidimensional poverty is relatively higher, if dimensional weights are in direct proportion to the dependence compared to the cases of inverse relation and equal weighting. Considering the novel weighting approach, this paper contributes to the literature on composite indicators by suggesting a channel to enclose the dependence structure in the multidimensional poverty index.

Evaluating the welfare of nations is high on the research agenda of the economists, practitioners and policy-makers. The literature contributions of the last decades triggered a multivariate perception of the well-being, which is suggested to go beyond the GDP, and created a need for more complex approaches to evaluate the welfare as well as poverty. The first essay investigates the approaches to multivariate poverty measurement and focuses on the composite index approach and the steps involved in it. An important aspect of the multivariate perspective in well-being is the dependence among the underlying indicators. There is growing evidence in the literature that well-being dimensions are interrelated. This dependence among attributes matters for multidimensional poverty measurement, since income is no longer the only indicator to be considered. However, the reviewed approaches to multivariate poverty measurement do not commonly capture this interdependence. The second essay suggests a copula function as a flexible tool to estimate the dependence among welfare variables. Moreover, it proposes to incorporate the evaluated dependence in the composite indicator. The trade-off among attributes, which is established via the weighting of dimensions, is identified as a possible channel to include the interdependence in the composite indicator. The third essay of this dissertation defines bivariate and multivariate copula-based measures of dependence and applies them using the recent data from the EU-SILC. The results suggest that key dimensions of well-being, i.e. income, education and health, are positively interdependent. In addition, the strength of pairwise and multivariate dependence reinforced in the post-crisis period in some European countries. Finally, the last essay proposes a new class of the copula-based multidimensional poverty indices by innovating over the weighting approach. The weighting scheme proposed in this dissertation incorporates the estimated copula-based dependence and contains necessary normative controls to be chosen by the practitioner. The findings of the last essay suggest that the overall poverty is driven not only by the individual shortfalls, but also by the degree of interdependence among well-being indicators. Considering the proposed copula-based weighting scheme and the proposal of the new class of copula-based poverty indices, this dissertation contributes to the multivariate poverty measurement by suggesting the channel to enclose the dependence structure in the composite indicators. The proposed copula-based methodology will advance the multidimensional poverty analysis and the poverty-reducing policy, which can be designed to address the problem of interdependence of individual achievements.