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Studies have been carried out of the use of high molecular amine as sylvite collector at normal temperatures and modification of amine collector to activate potash flotation from sylvinite ore. The study of the action of alkylmorpholines in the flotation of halite from the intermediate products of recleaner sylvite flotation in the presence of different quantity silicate-carbonate slimes was also undertaken. Industrial pilot tests are being carried out using refractory potash ore from the Upper Kama deposit in Russia., 11 refs., Studies have been carried out of the use of high molecular amine as sylvite collector at normal temperatures and modification of amine collector to activate potash flotation from sylvinite ore. The study of the action of alkylmorpholines in the flotation of halite from the intermediate products of recleaner sylvite flotation in the presence of different quantity silicate-carbonate slimes was also undertaken. Industrial pilot tests are being carried out using refractory potash ore from the Upper Kama deposit in Russia.

The development is reviewed of blinders, collectors and frothers for the flotation of sylvite, halite, kainite, schoenite, langbeinite, kieserite, carnallite and other water-soluble minerals. Application of aliphatic amine cationic collectors has allowed the development of large-capacity flotation technology. Alkylmorpholines are efficient collectors for the processing of carnallite-containing raw materials. The flotation characteristics of potash and carnallite ores can be optimised through the use of alkylamines and alkylmorpholines together with frothers having a strong dispersing action. Benefits are reduced collector consumption and improved floatability of coarse particles. The application of auxiliary reagents (blinders and frothers) may be used to simplify flow sheets in potash flotation plants, reducing potash loss and leading to more environmentally friendly production., The development is reviewed of blinders, collectors and frothers for the flotation of sylvite, halite, kainite, schoenite, langbeinite, kieserite, carnallite and other water-soluble minerals. Application of aliphatic amine cationic collectors has allowed the development of large-capacity flotation technology. Alkylmorpholines are efficient collectors for the processing of carnallite-containing raw materials. The flotation characteristics of potash and carnallite ores can be optimised through the use of alkylamines and alkylmorpholines together with frothers having a strong dispersing action. Benefits are reduced collector consumption and improved floatability of coarse particles. The application of auxiliary reagents (blinders and frothers) may be used to simplify flow sheets in potash flotation plants, reducing potash loss and leading to more environmentally friendly production.

The processing is discussed of water-soluble mineral products such as potash, magnesium-bearing ores and brines from salt lakes for the production of various types of fertiliser, magnesium metal, magnesium oxide, soda, potassium hydroxide and other chemicals. A flowsheet was developed for the treatment of potash ores from Upper Kama in Russia and Starobin in Belarus involving crushing and milling to 1-1.5 mm, desliming of the ore by flotation or a combination of methods depending on the insoluble residue content of the ore, rougher and cleaner sylvite flotation, leaching of the concentrate to increase the KCl content in the solid phase to 97.5%-98%, dewatering of the concentrate by filtration or centrifuging, drying and granulation of the KCl, filtration and storage of the tailings and thickening and storage of the slimes in ponds. A synthetic polymer depressant for potash flotation has been developed which, at residual concentrations, has a positive effect on the thickening of clay/carbonate slimes and on the clarification of circulated saline solutions. A flowsheet is also presented for the flotation of carnallite ores which includes the steps of desliming by flotation, halite flotation, anhydrite flotation of the product obtained from halite flotation to reduce the sulphate ion content of the concentrated carnallite product, thickening and combined filtration of slime, halite and anhydrite, and centrifuging of the concentrated carnallite for further processing for the production of magnesium., The processing is discussed of water-soluble mineral products such as potash, magnesium-bearing ores and brines from salt lakes for the production of various types of fertiliser, magnesium metal, magnesium oxide, soda, potassium hydroxide and other chemicals. A flowsheet was developed for the treatment of potash ores from Upper Kama in Russia and Starobin in Belarus involving crushing and milling to 1-1.5 mm, desliming of the ore by flotation or a combination of methods depending on the insoluble residue content of the ore, rougher and cleaner sylvite flotation, leaching of the concentrate to increase the KCl content in the solid phase to 97.5%-98%, dewatering of the concentrate by filtration or centrifuging, drying and granulation of the KCl, filtration and storage of the tailings and thickening and storage of the slimes in ponds. A synthetic polymer depressant for potash flotation has been developed which, at residual concentrations, has a positive effect on the thickening of clay/carbonate slimes and on the clarification of circulated saline solutions. A flowsheet is also presented for the flotation of carnallite ores which includes the steps of desliming by flotation, halite flotation, anhydrite flotation of the product obtained from halite flotation to reduce the sulphate ion content of the concentrated carnallite product, thickening and combined filtration of slime, halite and anhydrite, and centrifuging of the concentrated carnallite for further processing for the production of magnesium.

Slimes have a negative effect on sylvite flotation, which increases with carbonate mineral and MgCl2 content. Flotation ore desliming has been found to give more efficient isolation of clay slimes than ore hydroclassification methods. For slime flotation, a combination of acrylamide polymers and oxyethylated surfactants gives the best efficiency. A new biodecomposable reagent for slime flotation is proposed. Requirements for depressants for potash ore flotation have been developed and a synthetic polymer suggested. Residual concentrations of this depressant do not interact with the cationic collector for sylvite flotation and improve the process of clay slimes thickening, as well as clarifying the recycling saline solutions. The effect of the temperature of dissolution of acrylamide polymers on their flocculating properties was investigated and a new method of preparing solutions of powder-like flocculants developed., Slimes have a negative effect on sylvite flotation, which increases with carbonate mineral and MgCl2 content. Flotation ore desliming has been found to give more efficient isolation of clay slimes than ore hydroclassification methods. For slime flotation, a combination of acrylamide polymers and oxyethylated surfactants gives the best efficiency. A new biodecomposable reagent for slime flotation is proposed. Requirements for depressants for potash ore flotation have been developed and a synthetic polymer suggested. Residual concentrations of this depressant do not interact with the cationic collector for sylvite flotation and improve the process of clay slimes thickening, as well as clarifying the recycling saline solutions. The effect of the temperature of dissolution of acrylamide polymers on their flocculating properties was investigated and a new method of preparing solutions of powder-like flocculants developed.

The influences are studied of the hydration of alkali halide mineral surfaces, and of changes in surface morphology of sylvite in salt solutions of different compositions, on the adsorption of alkylamine and alkylmorpholine cationic collectors on saline mineral surfaces. The effects of collector composition on the efficiency of depressant action (protection of the mineral surface in clay-carbonate slimes from amine sorption) is investigated, as is the effect on floatability of sylvite and halite at different temperatures and electrolyte compositions. On the basis of the results, optimal collector compositions have been determined., The influences are studied of the hydration of alkali halide mineral surfaces, and of changes in surface morphology of sylvite in salt solutions of different compositions, on the adsorption of alkylamine and alkylmorpholine cationic collectors on saline mineral surfaces. The effects of collector composition on the efficiency of depressant action (protection of the mineral surface in clay-carbonate slimes from amine sorption) is investigated, as is the effect on floatability of sylvite and halite at different temperatures and electrolyte compositions. On the basis of the results, optimal collector compositions have been determined.

The effect was studied of the mineral composition of carbonate and silicate slimes taken from potash mines in the Perm region, Russia, on the flotation of KCl particles in the presence of oxyethylated surfactants and polyacrylamide flocculants. The results show that oxyethylated phenols having 20-25 oxyethyl groups are efficient collectors for the flotation desliming of potash ores. The effectiveness and selectivity of the polyacrylamide flocculants in the flotation of sylvinite increased with the molecular weight of the flocculant. The effectiveness also depended on the anion number of the flocculant, optimum results being obtained at 1.2-1.4 meq/g. Slimes with higher silicate contents required higher collector dosages., The effect was studied of the mineral composition of carbonate and silicate slimes taken from potash mines in the Perm region, Russia, on the flotation of KCl particles in the presence of oxyethylated surfactants and polyacrylamide flocculants. The results show that oxyethylated phenols having 20-25 oxyethyl groups are efficient collectors for the flotation desliming of potash ores. The effectiveness and selectivity of the polyacrylamide flocculants in the flotation of sylvinite increased with the molecular weight of the flocculant. The effectiveness also depended on the anion number of the flocculant, optimum results being obtained at 1.2-1.4 meq/g. Slimes with higher silicate contents required higher collector dosages.

Technology from the reverse flotation of carnallite on the Dead Sea has been adapted to the beneficiation of carnallite ores from the Verkhnekamskoe deposit in Russia. Results are presented from investigations of adsorption and flotation properties of alkylmorpholines with various compositions. It is shown that their efficiency can be increased and their consumption decreased by a factor of 1.5-2. Technological and reagent schemes have been developed for the depression of clayey-carbonate slimes in halite flotation and the possibility of applying halite flotation for the pre-beneficiation of potash ore is discussed. The results of the investigations reduced the costs of carnallite production and extended the area of implementation of halite flotation., Technology from the reverse flotation of carnallite on the Dead Sea has been adapted to the beneficiation of carnallite ores from the Verkhnekamskoe deposit in Russia. Results are presented from investigations of adsorption and flotation properties of alkylmorpholines with various compositions. It is shown that their efficiency can be increased and their consumption decreased by a factor of 1.5-2. Technological and reagent schemes have been developed for the depression of clayey-carbonate slimes in halite flotation and the possibility of applying halite flotation for the pre-beneficiation of potash ore is discussed. The results of the investigations reduced the costs of carnallite production and extended the area of implementation of halite flotation.