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Due to their nutritional value, alternative vegetable materials such as soybean are needed to promote sustainable aquaculture development. However, phytate in soybean could interfere with the protein digestion of the fish body. This study examines the effectiveness of phytate enzymes in enhancing protein digestibility, growth performance, mineral digestion, and body chemical composition of Sangkuriang catfish (Clarias gariepinus var. Sangkuriang) juveniles. The study was completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. One hundred thirteen Sangkuriang catfish juveniles (7.65 ± 0.14 g) were used for each repetition. The fish were fed with an experimental diet supplemented with various doses of phytase enzyme: 0 (A), 500 (B), 1,000 (C), and 1,500 (D) FTU/kg of feed. The mineral digestibility, protein digestibility, protein efficiency ratio (PER), feed conversion ratio (FCR), the efficiency of feed utilization (EFU), apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCp), relative growth rate (RGR), and survival rate (SR) were observed. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that adding 1,000 FTU/kg of phytase enzyme (C) exhibited the highest PER, FCR, EFU, ADCp, and RGR value of Sangkuriang catfish juveniles compared to other treatments. All treatment groups (B-C) had the same SR value (100%) and had the highest crude protein and ash content compared to the A group. All group treatments also exhibited a higher phosphorus, calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and cobalt. Therefore, phytase enzyme supplementation could improve protein digestibility, mineral digestibility, growth performance, and body chemical composition of Sangkuriang catfish juveniles.

Penyebaran dan peningkatan jumlah kasus Covid-19 terjadi dengan waktu yang sangat cepat dan telah menyebar antar negara termasuk Indonesia dan berdampak pada berbaai sektor perekonomian. Perikanan merupakan salah satu sektor yang terdampak dengan adanya pandemi Covid-19 secara tidak langsung. Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan perubahan permintaan konsumen, akses pasar atau masalah logistik yang berkaitan dengan transportasi dan pembbatasan-pembatasan yang diterapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh corona virus disease (Covid-19) terhadap faktor produksi dan pemasaran budidaya ikan gurami (osphronemus goramy) di desa Beji, kecamatan Kedungbanteng, kabupaten Banyumas. Metode yang digunakan adalahh metode kuantitatif dengan bantuan komputasi SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuisioner kepada sampel yang berjumlah 51 orang. Sebanyak 58 pertanyaan disediakan dalam penyebaran instrumen penelitian. Pilihan jawaban diberikan sebanyak 4 pilihan jawaban yakni SS (Sangat setuju), S (Setuju), TS (Tidak setuju), dan STS (Sangat tidak setuju). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji asumsi klasik dan uji hipotesis untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh Covid-19 terhadap faktor produksi dan pemasaran budidaya ikan gurami. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Covid-19 tidak memberikan pengaruh ynng signifikan baik terhadap faktor produksi maupun terhadap pemasaran budidaya ikan gurami.

The high consumer demand in Indonesia encourages catfish farmers to conduct an intensive culture. A low feed efficiency mainly occurs in cultivating Sangkuriang catfish resulting in poor growth. This condition might be caused by low lysine content, as lysine is an essential amino acid that the fish cannot synthesize. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of lysine supplementation in feed on protein digestibility, feed efficiency, and growth of Sangkuriang catfish (Clarias gariepinus var. Sangkuriang) fingerlings. The study used 270 Sangkuriang catfish with an average wet weight of 7.54 ± 0.13 g/fish. The experimental feed contained protein, energy, and amino acid, and then various doses of lysine were added to the experimental feed: (1) 0.0%, (2) 0.5%, (3) 1.0%, (4) 1.5%, (5) 2.0%, and (6) 2.5%. Weight gain (WG), protein digestibility (ADCp), the efficiency of feed utilization (EFU), relative growth rate (RGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and protein retention (PR) of catfish were evaluated for 8 weeks. The results found that the supplementation of lysine in feed significantly (P < 0.05) influenced WG, ADCp, EFU, RGR, FCR, PER, and PR of Sangkuriang catfish fingerling. However, there was no significant effect (P > 0.05) on the SR of Sangkuriang catfish fingerling. The supplementation of 1% lysine/kg feed was the optimal dose to improve the feed efficiency and growth of Sangkuriang catfish fingerlings by 83.79% and 3.94%/day, respectively. Therefore, the supplementation of lysine could increase Sangkuriang catfish production.

Due to the length of its coastal line which is 72,14 kilometres, Demak Regency has potential in tiger shrimp cultivation. The tiger shrimp cultivation in Demak Regency is dominated by small-scale farmers that only known as the price taker. That condition will cause more vulnerability in the coastal livelihood if it keeps happening. Besides, the tiger shrimp itself is perishable. Thus, so the profile of tiger shrimp marketing, such as analysing marketing channel, marketing margin and farmer’s share, is necessary to encourage the farmers considering or even creating their own market efficiently by knowing where, how and to whom the tiger shrimps will be distributed. This study is located in 4 regions in Demak Regency which are in Sayung, Karangtengah, Bonang and Wedung, also Sayung Market and Kobong Market. There are 18 respondents that are involved, including 6 shrimp farmers, 8 wholesellers and 4 market sellers. Location and respondents are selected by purposive and snowball method. Qualitative data analysis is basically descriptive. This study is based on verbatim analysis with triangulation method as validity and reliability. Based on this study, there are 5 efficient tiger shrimp marketing channels which is in 3 range size (40-55, 25-40, 10-25). Despite, only 2 of the marketing channels that are efficient considered within marketing margin and farmer’s share.

Demak Regency has potential in vanname shrimp cultivation, due to the length of its coastal line which is 72,14 kilometres with 7.945,97 ha.One of the commodities cultivated in Demak Regency is vanname shrimp. Most of the vanname shrimp cultivation activities are still carried out by small farmers, that only known as the price taker. Analysing on marketing efficiency of vanname shrimp consists analysing marketing channel, marketing margin and farmer’s share hopefully, by that, small-scale farmers start to consider more efficient marketing. The research method and data collection in this research is a survey method with descriptive analysis both qualitatively and quantitatively.. The location selection was done purposively. The selection of respondents using the snowball techniqu. The location of this research consisted of 4 districts, namely Sayung districts, Karangtengah districts, Bonang districts and Wedung districts, and also some markets such as Sayung Market and Kobong Market. There are 18 respondents involved, including 6 shrimp farmers, 8 wholesellers and 4 market sellers. Location and respondents are selected purposively. The research shows that there are five marketing channels of vanname shrimp in Demak Regency. Based on this research, all of the vanname shrimp marketing channels which is in 2 range size (40-50 and 60-100) are efficient. But the most efficient marketing channels are II and IV because farmer’s share close to 100% and marketing margin near 0.

Keberhasilan budidaya secara intensif lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus var Sangkuriang) sangat tergantung dari keberadaan pakan. Dalam kegiatan budidaya pakan merupakan komponen yang membutuhkan biaya tinggi hampir 50-60% dari biaya produksi. Kondisi tersebut kemungkinan dikarenakan efisiensi pakan belum maksimal untuk mendukung pertumbuhan ikan. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan suplementasi Saccharomyces cerevisiae dalam pakan komersil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pengaruh suplementasi S. cerevisiae pada pakan buatan komersial terhadap keceernaan protein, efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan dan pertumbuhan benih lele Sangkuriang. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah suplementasi S. cerevisiae pada pakan buatan komersial dengan dosis berbeda, yaitu 0 %/kg pakan (A), 0,5 %/kg pakan (B), 1 %/kg pakan (C), 1,5 %/kg pakan (D) dan 2 %/kg pakan (E). Suplementasi S. cerevisiae pada pakan buatan komersial berpengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap kelulushidupan benih lele Sangkuriang. Dosis S. cerevisiae 2 %/kg pakan merupakan dosis terbaik bagi benih lele Sangkuriang menghasilkan nilai ADCp, EFU, dan RGR tertinggi sebesar 76,38%; 80,34% dan 4,03 g/hari.

Teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dapat memudahkan kebutuhan, contohnya sosial media. Sosial media dimanfaatkan penyuluh dan pembudidaya untuk konsultasi secara online mengenai permasalahan dilapangan yang membutuhkan tindakan cepat dengan menggunakan aplikasi WhatsApp. Aplikasi ini memudahkan penyuluh untuk membantu responden yang membutuhkan informasi budidaya atau suatu permasalahan yang terjadi di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keefektivan WhatsApp terhadap permasalahan yang terjadi pada pembudidaya Asa Mina Mulia di Kel. Polaman, Kec. Mijen, Kota Semarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, penelitian ilmiah deskriptif dengan menganalisis data secara mendalam berdasarkan permasalahan yang ada sesuai fakta di lapangan. Responden pada penelitian ini sebanyak 7 pembudidaya dan seorang informan. Responden pembudidaya dipilih karena melakukan kegiatan budidaya, masuk dalam WhatsApp Group Asa Mina Mulia dan bersedia menjadi responden. Responden informan dipilih karena seorang penyuluh pembudidaya, masuk di WhatsApp Group Asa Mina Mulia dan bersedia menjadi informan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara serta direkap dalam bentuk verbatim wawancara dan observasi dengan mengamati responden di WhatsApp Group. Data verbatim dilakukan dengan uji keabsahan data dan analisis. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada indikator Performance Expectancy cukup efektif karena WhatsApp Group terkonfirmasi 100% dapat mempermudah dan mempercepat informasi budidaya semua responden. Produktivitas budidaya semua responden meningkat karena pemanfaatan WhatsApp Group. Hasil pada indikator Effort Expectancy terkonfimasi WhatsApp Group 100% memberikan kemudahan berkomunikasi dan kebanyakan semua responden cukup aktif berdiskusi menggunakan WhatsApp Group. Hasil pada indikator Social Influence terkonfirmasi mendapatkan 100% dukungan dari lingkungan sekitar responden seperti keluarga, antar responden dan penyuluh. Hasil pada indikator Facilitating Condition terkonfirmasi 100% dapat menfasilitasi semua responden dalam berdiskusi untuk permasalahan budidaya.Kata kunci: Efektivitas, indikator, responden, sosial media, WhatsApp.AbstrackInformation and communication technology can facilitate needs, for example social media. Social media is used by extension workers and cultivators for online consultation regarding problems in the field that require quick action using the WhatsApp application. This application makes it easier for extension workers to help respondents who need cultivation information or a problem that occurs in the field. This study aims to determine the effect of WhatsApp's effectiveness on the problems that occur in Asa Mina Mulia cultivators in Polaman Village, Mijen District, Semarang City. The research method used is qualitative, descriptive scientific research by analyzing data in depth based on existing problems according to facts in the field. Respondents in this study were 7 cultivators and an informant. Respondents for cultivators were chosen because they carried out cultivation activities, were included in the Asa Mina Mulia WhatsApp Group and were willing to be respondents. The respondent informant was chosen because he is a cultivator instructor, is included in the Asa Mina Mulia WhatsApp Group and is willing to become an informant. Data were collected by interview and recapitulated in the form of verbatim interviews and observations by observing respondents in the WhatsApp Group. Verbatim data was carried out by testing the validity of the data and analysis. The results of research conducted on the Performance Expectancy indicator are quite effective because WhatsApp Group is confirmed to be 100% able to simplify and speed up cultivation information for all respondents. The cultivation productivity of all respondents increased due to the use of WhatsApp Group. The results on the WhatsApp Group confirmed Effort Expectancy indicator provide 100% ease of communication and most of the respondents are quite active in discussing using WhatsApp Group. The results on the Social Influence indicator are confirmed to get 100% support from the environment around the respondent such as family, between respondents and extension workers. The results on the Facilitating Condition indicator confirmed 100% can facilitate all respondents in discussing cultivation issues.Keywords: Effectiveness, indicator, respondent, social media, WhatsApp.

Marine worms (Nereis virens) are deposit feeders that utilize organic materials as food and are used as natural feed for shrimp hatcheries. The type of substrate used for the growth of Nereis virens also affects the nutritional quality. This study aims to find the best substrate media for marine worms' growth, and the amino and fatty acid profile of N. virens. The study was conducted at the Marine Science Technopark (MSTP) Undip Jepara-Central Java. Test animals were 2–3 months old marine worms, with body lengths ranging from 10–15 cm/worm and weights ranging from 0.15–0.5 g/worm. Feed twice daily and maintain a density of 45 worms/L for 45 days. The experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) was used, treatment A (clay mud media), B (Sand Silt media), and C (mangrove mud media). The data observed were absolute weight (Wm), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Feed Utilization Efficiency (FUE), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER), Survival Rate (SR), amino and fatty acid profile. The conclusion is that the mangrove mud substrate had a significant effect (P Nereis virens with 48.46 ppm of methionine and 8.15% of EPA.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the income level of gillnet fishermen

Herwati VE, Elfitasari T, Rismaningsih N, Riyadi PH, Tarangkoon W, Radjasa OK, Windarto S. 2021. Analysis of growth and nutritional quality of sea worms (Nereis virens) as a mass cultured natural feed on different substrate media thicknesses. Biodiversitas 22: 3299-3305. Sea worms (Nereis virens) grow slowly. The thickness of the substrate used in mass culture affects their growth, because N. virens is a deposit feeder that feeds on organic matter provided by other organisms; therefore, the growth rate slows down if the substrate thickness is not suitable. This study aimed to determine and analyze the growth and nutritional quality of N. virens as a natural feed in mass culture at different substrate media thicknesses. This study was conducted at the Marine Science Techno Park (MSTP) UNDIP, Jepara, Central Java. The test animals were two-month-old sea worms, weighing 0.15 to 0.5 g/individual. The maintenance media was the mangrove mud substrate. Feeding was carried out at a fixed feeding rate, twice a day at 07.00 and 19.00 hrs, and the animals were maintained at a density of 45 individuals/L for 35 days. The experimental research method was a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications: treatment A (media thickness of 4 cm), B (media thickness of 6 cm), C (media thickness of 8 cm), and D (media thickness of 10 cm). The parameters studied were absolute growth, specific growth rate (SGR), efficiency of feed utilization (EFU), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), survival rate (SR), proximate analysis, profile of amino acid and fatty acids. The results showed that the highest absolute weight (6.76 g); SGR (6.34%); EFU (69.73%); FCR (1.36%); PER (1.74%); SR (97.04%); and nutritional quality (55.75% protein, 22.62% fat, 45.66 ppm methionine, and 7.7% eicosapentaenoic acid values were obtained when N. virens was mass-cultured in a medium with a thickness of 8 cm (Treatment C). Thus, the thickness of the media substrate had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the absolute weight, SGR, EFU, FCR, PER, and SR in N. virens.

The sustainability of prawn farming in brackish water ponds is controversial because of low yields and a history of mangrove clearing. Low yields are due largely to insufficient preparation of pond bottoms. Mangrove trees are often planted on pond bunds as window dressing. This study examines the effect of three types of liquid compost from vegetable, fruit, and both vegetable and fruit in tanks to which whole or choppedAvicennia marinaleaves have been added to mimic local pond conditions. In a split-plot design, 28 square tanks were each stocked with one hundred 15-day-old post-larvae tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon). Four tanks were used as controls and 24 were assigned to the treatments, 12 with whole and 12 with chopped leaves. Of the treatment tanks, 4 received liquid compost from vegetable, 4 received fruit, and 4 received mixed vegetable and fruit. Shrimp were weighed at the start, halfway point, and the end of the 50-day trial, and fed at 5% of the estimated total weight; survival was counted at the end. The survival rates of treatments and controls (65–76%) were not significantly different. Shrimp in water with vegetable compost grew significantly faster (2.7% day−1) than in both treatments with fruit (2.5% day−1), while all treatments were associated with significantly faster growth than were the controls (2.0% day−1). The lower growth rate of shrimp fed fruit compost may have been due to dinoflagellates, which are known to negatively affect shrimp. Shrimp in tanks with chopped mangrove leaves grew slightly better than shrimp in tanks with whole mangrove leaves.

Rejeki S, Middeljans M, Widowati LL, Ariyati RW, Elfitasari T, Bosma RH. 2019. The effects of decomposing mangrove leaf litter and its tannins on water quality and the growth and survival of tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) post-larvae. Biodiversitas 20: 2750-2757. Shrimp farming in Demak, Indonesia is often practiced in silvo-aquaculture systems in which mangrove trees are planted on pond bunds. As such, mangrove leaves and its substrates may have impact on penaeid shrimp production. In this area, mangrove re-growth proceeded with Avicennia marina while planting is mostly done with Rhizophora apiculata. We compared the effects of decomposing fresh leaves of A. marina and R. apiculata on water quality and on the performance of Penaeus monodon postlarvae (PL). A hundred of PL21 (postlarvae aged 21 days with weight of 0.28 g) were stocked in each of 30 aerated tanks containing 800 liters of brackish water (salinity of 21 ppt) for 37 days. Five treatments with three replicates for each mangrove species were assigned by adding into the tanks of 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 g L-1 of air-dried leave, 0.125 of g L-1 minced leave and 0.125 g L-1 of leachate of minced leaves. The PLs were fed 3 times daily with pellets at 10 % of initial total body weight. Water quality parameters were recorded daily. Tannin, H2S and NH3-N concentrations were measured every ten days. Prawn's body weight (BW) was measured and specific growth rate (SGR, % day-1) and survival rate (SR, %) were calculated after the end of experiment. Results were analyzed with ANOVA and Pearson's correlation. The results showed that tannin in decomposing mangrove leaf litter up to a concentration of 0.5 mg g-1 did not have a significant effect on water quality and on the growth and survival of P. monodon PL. However, increasing leaf litter concentrations showed an increase in NH3-N concentration due to organic matter degradation. The accumulation of NH3-N may have caused the slow growth of shrimp PL in A. marina treatment. Shrimp PL in leaf litter leachates treatment has a higher growth rate than those PL in regular leaf litter in relation to nutritional value. Survival and growth varied from 62 ±14 to 70 ± 8% and 3.1±2.1 to 5.5±1.2% day-1, respectively. Although decomposing mangrove leaves of A. marina and R. apiculata had no toxic effects on P. monodon PL up to a concentration of 1.25 g L-1, but causing severe mortality for shrimp in tanks without water exchange. As a conclusion, the present of mangrove leaves in brackish water ponds with insufficient water exchange can be harmful to shrimps. However, if the water exchange is good, decomposed mangrove leaves can become organic fertilizer that beneficial for the growth of natural food for the shrimps

The high organic waste content of river water in Demak, north coast of Java, has caused traditional small-scale pond farmers to stop stocking shrimp. This paper examines whether seaweed and mussel will improve the quality of water these farmers use. The effect of Gracilaria verucosa and Perna viridis on the water quality was assessed by measuring the removal rates (RRs) of total organic material (TOM), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite, and nitrate. The specific growth rates (SGRs) of seaweed and mussel were also measured. Thirty-six semi-outdoor tanks containing 800 L of brackish water and 7 cm substrate were randomly assigned to four replications of four densities of G. verucosa: 50 (S50), 100 (S100), 150 (S150), and 200 (S200) g m−2, and of P. viridis: 60 (M60), 90 (M90), 120 (M120), and 150 (M150) g m−2. Weekly, the TOM, TAN, nitrite, and nitrate contents were measured, seaweed and mussel weighted; RRs and SGRs were calculated at the end of the study. The effect of densities on the RRs was significant for both seaweed and mussel. P. viridis was more effective in reducing TOM (by 38%) than G. verucosa (7%); G. verucosa achieved higher RRs for TAN, nitrite, and nitrate. At S200, TOM and TAN decreased by 7.4% and 67%, respectively. At M90, TOM and TAN, decreased by 38% and 49%, respectively. However, nitrite increased significantly at S200 and M150. The SGR of seaweed was significantly lower at S200 than that at S150, S100, and S50. The best performing densities were S100 and M90.

Accumulation of feed waste from a long-term aquaculture practice has resulted in the deterioration of the aquaculture environment. Floating net aquaculture engineering of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus Forsskål, 1775) on Bacillus subtilis supplementation in the diet is one of the solutions to overcome the deterioration of the aquaculture environment caused by the accumulation of dieting waste. The purpose of the research was to study the effects of B. subtilis supplementation in the diet on protein digestibility, the efficiency of diet utilization, growth, and activities of digesting enzymes of E. fuscoguttatus. The sampled fish has an average weight of 4.24 g ± 0.023 g per fish. Diet used in the study contained 45 % protein with the supplementation of various amounts of B. subtilis varying in (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5) % per kg of diet as A, B, C, D, E, and F treatment, respectively. The results show that B. subtilis supplementation in the diet significantly affected on protein digestibility (ADCP), the efficiency of diet utilization (EFU), feed conversion ratio (FCR), the protein efficiency ratio (PER), relative growth rate (RGR), survival rate (SR) and activities of digesting enzymes of E. fuscoguttatus. In conclusion, the optimum amounts of B. subtilis in the diet on ADCP, EFU, FCR, PER, RGR, and SR were at (7.34, 7.36, 7.18, 7.5, 7.48, and 7.5) % per kg of diet, respectively.

This study aims to (1) empirically test the influence of body shaming with social anxiety, (2) empirically test the influence of body shaming with social anxiety mediated by self-esteem. The subjects in this study were 141 undergraduate students of the Department of Aquaculture where the data collection method was carried out by chance. The research data was collected using three scales, (1) the social anxiety scale, (2) the body shaming scale, and (3) the self-esteem scale. The collected data is analyzed using regression and path analysis. The results showed that (1) body shaming affects social anxiety and (2) self-esteem mediates the influence of body shaming on social anxiety. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to develop self-esteem because it is proven to be able to mediate the emergence of social anxiety in victims of body shaming. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menguji secara empiris pengaruh body shaming dengan social anxiety, (2) menguji secara empiris pengaruh body shaming dengan social anxiety yang dimediasi oleh self-esteem. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 141 mahasiswa S1 Jurusan Budidaya Perairan dimana metode pengumpulan data dilakukan secara kebetulan. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tiga skala, (1) skala social anxiety, (2) skala body shaming, dan (3) skala self-esteem. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan regresi dan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) body shaming berpengaruh terhadap social anxiety dan (2) self-esteem memediasi pengaruh body shaming terhadap social anxiety. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, disarankan untuk mengembangkan self-esteem karena terbukti mampu memediasi munculnya social anxiety pada korban body shaming.

Herawati VE, Nailulmuna Z, Rismaningsih N, Hutabarat J, Pinandoyo, Elfitasari T, Riyadi PH, Radjasa OK. 2020. Growth performance and nutritional quality enrichment of Phronima pacifica by Chlorella vulgaris and Chaetoceros calcitrans as natural feed. Biodiversitas 21: 4253-4259. Phronima pacifica as a natural feed has the potential to replace Artemia sp. because of its high nutritional content. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different types of feed for P. pacifica during its culture on its population density, growth rate, and nutritional content because of its potential use as a natural feed for fish. The test animals in this study consisted of P. pacifica at a stocking density of 3 ind/L, which were cultured for 18 d. Then, Chlorella vulgaris and Chaetoceros calcitrans were introduced as enrichment feed for P. pacifica. This study used a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications. The treatments were as follows: A (100% Chlorella vulgaris), B (100% Chaetoceros calcitrans), and C (50% Chlorella vulgaris and 50% Chaetoceros calcitrans). The results showed that treatment increased the population density of P. pacifica by up to 54.67 ± 0.0038 ind/L by the 12th day. Based on the results of proximate analysis for amino acid and fatty acid profiles, the highest values for proteins and fats were in P. pacifica enriched with Chlorella vulgaris (A) and consisted of 45.45% protein, 7.57% fat, 5.95% eicosapentaenoic acid, and 39.23% lysine. Based on an ANOVA, feeding of P. pacifica with Chlorella vulgaris and Chaetoceros calcitrans had a significant effect on population density, relative growth rate, biomass production, and nutrient value of proteins and fats of P. pacifica (P < 0.05). The best results, including population density, growth rate, weight of biomass, and nutrient content of P. pacifica, occurred after feeding with Chlorella vulgaris.

Kegiatan budidaya udang windu menjadi kegiatan budidaya yang banyak digemari masyarakat di daerah pesisir. Salah satunya penerapan budidaya polikultur dengan kultivan udang windu dan ikan koi. Produksi udangwindu mengalami peningkatan sejak tahun 2010 hingga 2015. Ikan koi merupakan salah satu ikan hias yang cukup potensial dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Habitat ikan koi yaitu di daerah beriklim sedang dan hidup padadaerah perairan tawar, akan tetapi ikan koi masih dapat hidup pada air dengan salinitas 10 ppt. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode studi kasus. Sampel penelitian dipilih secara sengaja (purposive)karena alasan-alasan tertentu yang disesuaikan dengan tujuan penelitian. Analisis data yang digunakan diantaranya analisis aspek teknis budidaya yang meliputi pemilihan lokasi, luas lahan, persiapan lahan, penebaran benih, pakan dan pemberian pakan, pengelolaan air, pemanenan dan pemasaran. Analisis aspek ekonomi yang meliputi, biaya, penerimaan, dan pendapatan. Analisis kelayakan usaha yang meliputi, Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aspek teknis yang diterapkan pada usaha budidaya polikultur udang windu dan ikan koi diantaranya menggunakan metode budidaya semi intensif. Kegiatan teknis budidaya yang dilakukan diantaranya pemilihan lokasi, persiapan lahan, penebaran benih, pemberian pakan, dan pemanenan. Pemasaran yang digunakan untuk udang windu adalah melalui tengkulak dan pedagang lalu ke konsumen sedangkan pemasaran ikan koi adalah melalui PT. CP Prima selaku mitra kerjasama. Aspek ekonomi yang dianalisa diantaranya modal usaha sebesar Rp. 436.536.000,00/tahun biaya tetap sebesar Rp. 5.627.200,00/tahun, biaya operasional sebesar Rp. 105.080.000,00/tahun, pendapatan sebesar Rp. 271.725.000/tahun dan keuntungan dari usaha budidaya sebesar Rp. 182.621.000/tahun Hasil perhitungan analisa kelayakan usaha diantaranya nilai PP sebesar 2,61 tahun, nilai NPV Rp. 1.193.499.681, nilai B/C Ratio sebesar 1,90 dan nilai IRR sebesar 68%.

The current study aims to examine the role of religiosity and gender in affecting consumer ethics among Indonesian youths. A convenience sample of 482 students in a large private university in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, participated in the research. Established scales were adopted to measure the key constructs. Intrinsic religiosity and gender were used as the independent variables, while each dimension of consumer ethics was treated as the dependent variables. The results of seven multiple regression analyses indicated that gender and intrinsic religiosity influence consumer ethics dimensions significantly, except for “downloading.” Individuals who live daily life according to their religion are less receptive toward unethical activities than those who do not. Further, females were found to be more ethical than male counterparts on five dimensions of consumer ethics. Males tended to be more supportive of “doing good” for the seller compared to females. In general, the findings suggest that gender and religiosity do matter in influencing consumer ethics among youths in Indonesia. These findings provide important insights for religious leaders, university lecturers, and policy makers in their efforts to reduce unethical acts among the young generation.

Milkfish is one of the most widely cultivated fish species in Indonesia. The development of milkfish cultivation technology in the community is inseparable from its comparative and strategic advantages because milkfish can be cultivated in brackish water, sea water and even freshwater and tolerant to environmental quality changes. Technology of cultivation and seeding has been done by the community. M ilkfish is not susceptible to disease. The prospect of the development of milkfish breeding business in Ulujami District has good potential due to market demand. The purpose of this research is to know the technical aspect, financial aspect, and business feasibility of milkfish cultivation in Ulujami District. T his research method is interview that is using questionnaire for data retrieval . The problems that arise in the breeding business of milkfish enlargement is how the efforts to obtain good and profitable results in fulfilling the market demand by spending as less as possible because it affects the profitability of the milkfish farmer income . Data analysis methods are obtained from Payback Period (PP), which is located in Limbangan Village 0.34, Mojo Village 0.98 and Pesantren Village 5.85 . Net Present Value (NPV), the farmer's NPV value is positiv . Benefit Cost Ratio (B / C Ratio) of each village are 2.35 and 4 . Results and conclusions are obtained based on the technical aspects of site selection, maintenance, milk fish harvesting and financial aspects of business feasibility it this worth to be. Keywords : Business Feasibility Evaluation, Cultivator In Ulujami District

Abrasion in coastal area of northern Central Java is severe, with abraded area exceeding 5,000 hectares which resulted in many aquaculture ponds became submerged and dissapeared. Eventhough physically the ponds are no longer visible, however the water quality is still supporting aquaculture to be carried out in that area. This paper explores the possibility that aquaculture innovation technology using an IMTA concept is suitable for abraded area in the stakeholders' point of view so that can be introduced to local community affected by abrasion to support their livelihood. This study employed rapid appraisal for aquaculture innovation system (RAAIS) to obtain data in two location in Central Java: Demak and Brebes regency and used descriptive for analysis method. Stakeholders from different background were involved representing fish farmers, government, NGOs, private sector and academics. Systemic analysis showed that both areas uncover similar constraints due to adopting the new IMTA technology. Stakeholders believed that constraints were mostly grouped as technological and institutional issues and that most problems rooted in the national level. Issues along value chain were believed by stakeholders from Brebes region may occur mostly in production area while stakeholders from Demak believed that inability to access credit deserves the blame. The possibility of using IMTA for aquaculture activity in abraded coastal area were also dicussed based on the obtained data.

Due to the author’s omission to check the corrections by the journal’ imposed reviewer of English style. Please read the following sections and Tables as follows: Abstract The sustainability of prawn farming in brackish water ponds is controversial because of low yields and mangrove clearing. Low yields are due mostly to insufficient preparation of pond bottoms. Mangrove trees are often planted on pond bunds as window dressing. This study examined the effect of three types of liquid compost from vegetables, fruit, and both vegetables and fruit in tanks to which whole or chopped Avicenia marina leaves were added to mimic local pond conditions. In a split-plot design, 28 square tanks were each stocked with one hundred 15-day-old post-larvae tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon). Four tanks were used as controls and 24 were assigned to the treatments, 12 with whole and 12 with chopped leaves. In both of these 12, 4 received liquid compost from vegetables, 4 from fruits and 4 from their mixture. Shrimp were weighed at the start, halfway and end of the 50-day trial, and fed at 5% of the estimated total weight; survival was counted at the end. The survival rates of treatments and controls (65–76%) were not significantly different. Shrimp in water with vegetable compost grew significantly faster (2.7% day-1) than in both treatments with fruit (2.5% day-1). Shrimp in all treatments grew significantly faster than those in the controls (2.0% day-1). The lower growth rate of shrimp fed fruit compost may have been due to dinoflagellates, which are known to negatively affect shrimp. Shrimp in tanks with chopped leaves of A. marina grew slightly better than shrimp in tanks with whole leaves. On page 3, just above ‘Data collection and calculation’’: ‘‘The post-larva shrimp were fed with commercial pellets at 5% of total body weight, estimated at the start and halfway the study. To encourage shrimp to use the natural feed produced in the tanks, …’’.

The aquaculture industry is developing tremendously over the past two decades following the significant decline of the world’s fish catch. Nevertheless, small scale fish farmers are still one of the most vulnerable communities in Indonesia. In their attempt to carry out successful aquaculture business, small scale fish farmers encounter several challenges that inhibit the fish farmers in ensuring the sustainability of fish products. This research aims to explore challenges and identify internal and external challenges that affect fish farmers’ activities in ensuring fish product sustainability. This research used a quantitative approach by collecting data through questionnaire distribution to small scale fish farmers in Central Java and data was analyzed using statistical analysis package. The findings of this research showed that challenges are classified into nine internal and seven external challenges. Result of statistical analysis indicated that internal challenges influenced product sustainability through water quality examination, whereas external challenges influenced product sustainability through two activities, i.e. giving feed at the right quantity and time, and maintain fish seed quality and availability.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding the phytase enzyme in the artificial feed on digestibility of feed, feed conversion ratio and growth of gift tilapia saline fish (Oreochromis niloticus) nursery stadia I. The fish samples in this study used gift tilapia saline fish (O. niloticus) with an average weight of 0,62 ± 0,008 g/fish and the stocking density of 1 fish1 L. Experimental method used in this study was completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. The treatments were by adding phytase enzyme in artificial feed with the different level of doses those were A (0 FTU kg1 feed), B (500 FTU kg1 feed), C (1000 FTU kg1 feed) and D (1500 FTU kg1 feed). The results show that the addition of phytase enzyme was significantly (P 0.05) affected on Survival Rate (SR) of gift tilapia saline fish. The optimum doses of phytase enzyme on RGR, FCR, PER, ADCP and ADCF of gift tilapia saline fish ranged from 1060 to 1100 FTU kg-1 feed.