1,836 results on '"Tipold A."'
Search Results
2. Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy
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Junwei Föhr, Julia K. Prümmer, Arianna Maiolini, Eliane Marti, Ilijas Jelcic, Beatriz Vidondo, Mario Ziegler, Andrea Bathen‐Nöthen, Andrea Tipold, Holger A. Volk, and Veronika M. Stein
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ASM resistance ,autoimmune encephalitis ,canine idiopathic epilepsy ,neuroinflammation ,oligoclonal bands ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background In dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), 33% develop resistance to conventional anti‐seizure medication (ASM) despite adequate treatment. In human medicine, an immune‐mediated etiology is suspected in a subset of ASM‐resistant patients with epilepsy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)‐specific immunoglobulin G (IgG)‐type oligoclonal bands (OCBs) have been detected. In dogs, cases of autoimmune encephalitis recently were reported. Neuroinflammation may provide an additional explanation for the lack of response of certain dogs with IE to ASM. Hypothesis Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific OCBs are found in a subgroup of dogs with ASM‐resistant IE. Animals Eighty‐four dogs with IE were recruited from 3 referral centers and classified based on their response to ASM treatment (responsive, n = 56; resistant, n = 28). Methods Detection of OCBs was performed using isoelectric focusing (IEF) followed by immunoblotting. Associations of CSF‐specific OCBs with seizure type, severity, and response to ASM were calculated using logistic regression models. Results The overall frequency of CSF‐specific OCBs in dogs with IE was 15.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.5%‐25%). In dogs with ASM‐resistant IE, 21.4% (6/28) had CSF‐specific OCBs compared with only 12.5% (7/56) in those responsive to ASM, but no evidence of an association was detected (odds ratio, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.57‐6.35; P = .29). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific OCBs were detected in a subgroup of dogs with IE. This finding could indicate that intrathecal IgG synthesis as a sign of neuroinflammation may play a role in disease pathogenesis. more...
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- 2025
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3. Evaluation of equine perineural anesthesia simulators with integrated success control for veterinary education
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Anna Chodzinski, Sandra Wissing, Andrea Tipold, and Florian Geburek
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teaching ,Day One Competences ,skills ,orthopedics ,horse ,cadaver ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
The skills necessary to perform diagnostic perineural anesthesia in equids belongs to one of the Day One Competences of a veterinarian, so every veterinary graduate should be able to perform them correctly. For logistical, hygienic and ethical reasons, practical exercises on cadaver limbs are not accessible to all students. Two equine distal limb simulators were developed and evaluated as an additional instructional tool to train the required skills. Both simulators were designed and built with an integrated success control, with Simulator I (S1) designed to be a simplified anatomical model and Simulator II (S2), a more realistic model. The simulators were tested by 68 students in the 5th year who were divided into two groups. Thirty-four students received a training session using the simplified anatomical model (S1) and the other 34 students one on cadaver limbs, the usual instructional tool. The practical learning success of both groups was validated using S2. Additionally, data on self-efficacy were collected. The results show that the two groups did not differ significantly in their practical learning success, whereas self-efficacy of both groups increased significantly after the sessions. An evaluation performed by 7 veterinarians and 49 students of the 5th year indicate that the simulators are suitable for teaching perineural anesthesia in the equine distal limb. However, S2 could be more realistic. The simulators will be used as a supplement to exercises on cadaver limbs to enable all students to practice perineural anesthesia. more...
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- 2025
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4. Of potential new treatment targets and polythetic approach in meningoencephalitis of unknown origin: a review
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Jasmin N. Nessler and Andrea Tipold
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canine (dog) ,meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) ,diagnostic ,clinical signs ,immunology ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) represents an umbrella term for inflammatory, non-infectious central nervous system (CNS) diseases in dogs. Current therapeutic approaches, involving long-term glucocorticosteroid use, often fail to provide adequate relief or cure, and the effectiveness of additional immunosuppressive medications remains uncertain. Future advancements in MUO treatment may benefit from patient-specific therapies, potentially enhancing treatment precision, efficacy, and minimizing side effects. However, significant challenges impede this progress, including ambiguity in MUO subtype classification, uncertainties regarding the autoimmune nature vs. infectious triggers, and the lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers. Clinical heterogeneity and overlapping signs with other encephalopathies further complicate diagnosis and treatment. This review gives an overview about diagnostic findings and immunological features of MUO. It advocates for a more overall characterization of MUO by using a polythetic system to better characterize MUO subtypes, identify immunological treatment targets, and establish a conceptual foundation for future therapeutic trials. Addressing these themes may lead to more effective and less burdensome treatments, improving the quality of life for dogs afflicted with MUO and their owners. more...
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- 2024
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5. Canine idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome, immune-mediated?
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Filip Kajin, Nina Meyerhoff, Sebastian Meller, Regina Carlson, Andrea Tipold, Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana, Adriana Kaczmarska, Daniel Sanchez-Masian, Edward Ives, Josep Brocal, Thilo von Klopmann, Julia Hauer, and Holger Andreas Volk more...
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ataxia ,autoimmune encephalitis ,cerebellum ,dog ,immune-mediated ,neural autoantibodies ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome is a disorder characterized by an acute onset of full-body tremors, sometimes accompanied by vestibulo-cerebellar signs, that is responsive to treatment with corticosteroids. Although considered to have an overall good outcome, relapsing and persistent mild clinical signs have been described. So far, little is known about the etiopathology of this syndrome, but it is believed to have an immune-mediated origin. In human medicine, description of numerous autoantibodies involved in certain non-infectious neurologic disorders has revolutionized understanding of their pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. In this multicenter retrospective study, we aimed to describe the clinical signs, course, and outcome of dogs with idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome and correlate potential findings with the presence or absence of autoantibodies associated with autoimmune cerebellar syndromes in humans. Information regarding signalment, history, clinical signs, laboratory findings, diagnostic imaging and testing for regional infectious diseases was gathered and the remaining serum and CSF samples were then analyzed for neural antibodies against targets associated with autoimmune encephalitic diseases of humans. Thirty-three dogs were included, and screening for neural antibodies was performed in 30 of those dogs. The analysis showed an increased titer of mGluR1 antibodies in two dogs, GFAP and later in the course of disease mGluR1 antibodies in one dog and an increase in unspecific autoantibodies which could not be further classified in two dogs. Dogs with detectable neural autoantibodies always had cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in the form of a pleocytosis, with or without increased protein concentration, and tended to present with hyperthermia, potentially indicating a more severe clinical form of idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome in these cases. In conclusion, idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome is proposed to be an immune-mediated disorder potentially mediated by neural autoantibodies in a subgroup of dogs. more...
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- 2024
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6. Knowledge attainment, learning approaches, and self-perceived study burnout among European veterinary students
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Antti Iivanainen, Carlos Fernando Collares, Jakob Wandall, Anna Parpala, Anne Nevgi, Riikka Keto-Timonen, Andrea Tipold, Elisabeth Schaper, Theo van Haeften, Tina Holberg Pihl, Charles McLean Press, and Peter Holm more...
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knowledge assessment ,structural equation modeling ,item response theory ,veterinary medical education ,learning approaches ,study burnout ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
IntroductionThis study investigates the relationship between approaches to learning, self-perceived study burnout, and the level of knowledge among veterinary students. Veterinary educational programs are under regular development and would benefit greatly from detailed feedback on students' knowledge, proficiency, influencing factors, and coping mechanisms.MethodsThe VetRepos consortium developed and calibrated an item repository testing knowledge across the entire veterinary curriculum. Two hundred forty-eight students from seven European veterinary institutions took the VetRepos test, comprising a subset of the repository. They also responded to a questionnaire assessing deep and unreflective learning approaches and self-perceived study burnout, represented by exhaustion and cynicism. Structural equation modeling analyzed the relationship between these latent traits and the VetRepos test score.ResultsThe model failed the exact-fit test but was retained based on global fit indices, inter-item residual correlations, and standardized residual covariances. Root Mean Square Error of Approximation with robust standard errors and scaled test statistic was 0.049 (95% confidence interval 0.033–0.071), scaled and robust Comparative Fit Index 0.95 (0.90–0.98), and scaled Standardized Root Mean Square Residual 0.056 (0.049–0.071). Measurement invariance across study years was not violated (ΔCFI = 0.00, χ2 = 3.78, Δdf = 4, p = 0.44), but it could not be confirmed between genders or universities. The VetRepos test score regressed on the study year [standardized regression coefficient = 0.68 (0.62–0.73)], showed a negative regression on the unreflective learning approach [−0.25 (−0.47 to −0.03)], and a positive regression on the deep approach [0.16 (0.03–0.28)]. No direct association with perceived burnout was observed; however, a significant, medium-sized association was found between the unreflective approach and self-perceived study burnout. No significant differences in learning approaches or perceived burnout were found between study years.DiscussionThe most important source of variance in VetRepos test scores, unrelated to the study year, was the learning approach. The association between the VetRepos test score and self-perceived burnout was indirect. Future research should complement this cross-sectional approach with longitudinal and person-oriented studies, further investigating the relationship between study burnout and learning approaches. more...
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- 2024
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7. Identification of parameters for electronic distance examinations
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Robin Richter, Andrea Tipold, and Elisabeth Schaper
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E-assessment ,veterinary education ,examinations ,open-book ,item formats ,log data ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
IntroductionThis study investigates the log data and response behavior from invigilated in-person electronic timed exams at the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Germany. The primary focus is on understanding how various factors influence the time needed per exam item, including item format, item difficulty, item discrimination and character count. The aim was to use these results to derive recommendations for designing timed online distance examinations, an examination format that has become increasingly important in recent years.MethodsData from 216,625 log entries of five electronic exams, taken by a total of 1,241 veterinary medicine students in 2021 and 2022, were analyzed. Various statistical methods were employed to assess the correlations between the recorded parameters.ResultsThe analysis revealed that different item formats require varying amounts of time. For instance, image-based question formats and Kprim necessitated more than 60 s per item, whereas one-best-answer multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and individual Key Feature items were effectively completed in less than 60 s. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between character count and response time, suggesting that longer items require more time. A negative correlation could be verified for the parameters “difficulty” and “discrimination index” towards response time, indicating that more challenging items and those that are less able to differentiate between high- and low-performing students take longer to answer.ConclusionThe findings highlight the need for careful consideration of the ratio of item formats when defining time limits for exams. Regarding exam design, the literature mentions that time pressure is a critical factor, since it can negatively impact students’ exam performance and some students, such as those with disabilities, are particularly disadvantaged. Therefore, this study emphasizes finding the right time limits to provide sufficient time for answering questions and reducing time pressure. In the context of unsupervised online exams, the findings of this study support previous recommendations that implementation of a stringent time limit might be a useful strategy to reduce cheating. more...
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- 2024
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8. Veterinary teaching in COVID-19 times: perspectives of university teaching staff
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Miriam Kanwischer, Andrea Tipold, and Elisabeth Schaper
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veterinary education ,COVID-19 pandemic ,e-learning ,blended learning ,didactic concept ,digital education ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
The digitalization of university teaching has been taking place for many years and, in addition to traditional teaching formats such as practicals and face-to-face lectures, more and more e-learning courses have been used in veterinary education for several years. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, universities across Germany had to switch to an ad-hoc, purely digital summer semester. This study evaluated the experiences and implementation of the digital summer semester 2020 at the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (TiHo) Foundation from the perspective of the teaching staff. In addition to the technical equipment used by lecturers, this survey also focused on the effects of the digital semester on teaching and the future practicality of digital teaching formats and strategies in veterinary education. Therefore, a questionnaire was designed and distributed among lecturers involved in the digital summer semester 2020. One hundred and three completed questionnaires were evaluated. The results of the evaluation show that teachers see huge potential in blended learning as a teaching method in veterinary education. In addition, teachers were able to digitize teaching well with the available hardware and software. The teaching staff saw difficulties above all in the loss of practical training and in the digitalization of practical exercises. Teachers also needed significantly more time to plan and implement digital teaching compared to pure face-to-face teaching. In summary blended learning offers many advantages, such as increased flexibility for students and teaching staff. In order to be able to use digital teaching methods and strategies profitably in veterinary education in the future, well thought-out didactic concepts and further technical expansion of the universities are required. In addition, the digital skills of teaching staff should be further trained and promoted. more...
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- 2024
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9. Aktuelle Verschärfungen im Wirtschafts- und Korruptionsstrafrecht
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Tipold, Alexander, primary
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- 2023
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10. Interleukin-31 in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with syringomyelia
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Laura Lemke, Regina Carlson, Thomas Flegel, Andrea Volk, Holger Andreas Volk, Andrea Tipold, and Jasmin Nicole Nessler
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Interleukin-31 ,Syringomyelia ,IL-31 ,Air-scratching ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Serum ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Syringomyelia is a spinal cord cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-like fluid. If syringomyelia asymmetrically involves the dorsal horn grey matter of the spinal cord, affected dogs show increased signs of dysesthesia and neuropathic pain, like increased itching behaviour. In the dorsal horn, amongst others, receptors for Interleukin-31 (IL-31) can be found. IL-31 is one of the main cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of pruritus in atopic dermatitis in different species. This study investigates suspected elevated levels of IL-31 in serum and CSF of dogs showing signs of pain or increased itching behaviour related to syringomyelia. The IL-31 were measured in archived samples (52 serum and 35 CSF samples) of dogs with syringomyelia (n = 48), atopic dermatitis (n = 3) and of healthy control dogs (n = 11) using a competitive canine IL-31 ELISA. Results Mean serum IL-31 level in dogs with syringomyelia was 150.1 pg/ml (n = 39), in dogs with atopic dermatitis 228.3 pg/ml (n = 3) and in healthy dogs 80.7 pg/ml (n = 10). Mean CSF IL-31 value was 146.3 pg/ml (n = 27) in dogs with syringomyelia and 186.2 pg/ml (n = 8) in healthy dogs. Individual patients with syringomyelia (especially dogs with otitis media or otitis media and interna or intervertebral disc herniation) showed high IL-31 levels in serum and CSF samples, but the difference was not statistically significant. IL-31 serum and CSF levels did not differ significantly in dogs with syringomyelia with or without itching behaviour and with or without signs of pain. Conclusion Based on this study, increased IL-31 levels seem not to be correlated with itching behaviour or signs of pain in dogs with syringomyelia, but might be caused by other underlying diseases. more...
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- 2023
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11. Long-term changes of Th17 and regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of dogs with spinal cord injury after intervertebral disc herniation
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Wesolowski, M., Can, P., Warzecha, K., Freise, F., Carlson, R., Neßler, J., and Tipold, A.
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- 2023
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12. Hippocampal expression of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 in canine epilepsy
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Kostic, D., Nowakowska, M., Freundt Revilla, J., Attig, F., Rohn, K., Gualtieri, F., Baumgärtner, W., Potschka, H., and Tipold, A.
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- 2023
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13. Investigation of the presence of specific neural antibodies in dogs with epilepsy or dyskinesia using murine and human assays
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Lea Hemmeter, Christian G. Bien, Corinna I. Bien, Andrea Tipold, Jasmin Neßler, Andrea Bathen‐Nöthen, Kaspar Matiasek, Maik Dahlhoff, Clare Rusbridge, Carina Rotter Black, Kai Rentmeister, Holger A. Volk, and Andrea Fischer more...
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animal model ,autoimmune epilepsy ,dyskinesia ,epileptic seizure ,idiopathic epilepsy ,movement disorder ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Autoimmune mechanisms represent a novel category for causes of seizures and epilepsies in humans, and LGI1‐antibody associated limbic encephalitis occurs in cats. Hypothesis/Objectives To investigate the presence of neural antibodies in dogs with epilepsy or dyskinesia of unknown cause using human and murine assays modified for use in dogs. Animals Fifty‐eight dogs with epilepsy of unknown cause or suspected dyskinesia and 57 control dogs. Methods Serum and CSF samples were collected prospectively as part of the diagnostic work‐up. Clinical data including onset and seizure/episode type were retrieved from the medical records. Screening for neural antibodies was done with cell‐based assays transfected with human genes for typical autoimmune encephalitis antigens and tissue‐based immunofluorescence assays on mouse hippocampus slices in serum and CSF samples from affected dogs and controls. The commercial human und murine assays were modified with canine‐specific secondary antibody. Positive controls were from human samples. Results The commercial assays used in this study did not provide unequivocal evidence for presence of neural antibodies in dogs including one dog with histopathologically proven limbic encephalitis. Low titer IgLON5 antibodies were present in serum from one dog from the epilepsy/dyskinesia group and in one dog from the control group. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Specific neural antibodies were not detected using mouse and human target antigens in dogs with epilepsy and dyskinesia of unknown origin. These findings emphasize the need for canine‐specific assays and the importance of control groups. more...
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- 2023
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14. Can We Minimize the Risk of Dogs Developing Canine Otitis Externa?—A Retrospective Study on 321 Dogs
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Peter Christian Ponn, Andrea Tipold, and Andrea Vanessa Volk
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dermatology ,canine ,otitis externa ,obesity ,retrospective ,prophylaxis ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Background: Canine otitis externa is a common presentation in small animal practice. The clinical signs vary individually from patient to patient. Regardless of the expression, they all decrease the quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors that showed reduced odds for otitis externa. Methods: Clinical case records were searched for key terms regarding canine otitis. Statistical analyses were applied to evaluate associations with otitis externa. p-values of Results: Rhodesian Ridgeback and dogs with underlying infectious diseases had a reduced risk for otitis externa, while Retrievers and dogs with allergies had an increased risk. Furthermore, in the group of dogs with endocrinopathies, those with normal weight showed a reduced risk of developing canine otitis in comparison to those which were overweight. Conclusions: These results show a new point of view to reduce the prevalence of canine otitis by reducing the animals’ weight due to an additional risk of otitis in obese or overweight dogs. Furthermore, for the first time, Rhodesian Ridgebacks were identified in our study population to have a lower risk of developing otitis externa. Thus, breeders should reflect—within other responsibilities for the quality of life in their offspring—on breed-specifics about otitis when planning ahead. more...
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- 2024
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15. Neutrophil extracellular traps in CSF and serum of dogs with steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis.
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Jan Christian Wohlsein, Marita Meurer, Matthias Mörgelin, Jasmin Nicole Nessler, Thomas Flegel, Henning Christian Schenk, Konrad Jurina, Kai Rentmeister, Andrea Fischer, Thomas Gödde, Wolfgang Baumgärtner, Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede, and Andrea Tipold more...
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
In steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), inflammatory dysregulation is driven by neutrophilic granulocytes resulting in purulent leptomeningitis. Neutrophils can generate neutrophil extracellular traps (NET). Uncontrolled NET-formation or impaired NET-clearance evidently cause tissue and organ damage resulting in immune-mediated diseases. The aim of the study was to verify that NET-formation is detectable in ex vivo samples of acute diseased dogs with SRMA by visualizing and measuring NET-markers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. CSF-samples of dogs with acute SRMA (n = 5) and in remission (n = 4) were examined using immunofluorescence (IF)-staining of DNA-histone-1-complexes, myeloperoxidase and citrullinated Histone H3 (H3Cit). Immunogold-labeling of H3Cit and neutrophil elastase followed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine ultrastructural NET-formation in the CSF of one exemplary dog. H3Cit-levels and DNase-activity were measured in CSF and serum samples using an H3Cit-ELISA and a DNase-activity-assay, respectively in patients with the following diseases: acute SRMA (n = 34), SRMA in remission (n = 4), bacterial encephalitis (n = 3), meningioma with neutrophilic inflammation (n = 4), healthy dogs (n = 6). NET-formation was detectable with IF-staining in n = 3/5 CSF samples of dogs with acute SRMA but were not detectable during remission. Vesicular NET-formation was detectable in one exemplary dog using TEM. DNase-activity was significantly reduced in dogs suffering from acute SRMA compared to healthy control group (p < 0.0001). There were no statistical differences of H3Cit levels in CSF or serum samples of acute diseased dogs compared to dogs under treatment, dogs suffering from meningioma or bacterial encephalitis or the healthy control group. Our findings demonstrate that NET-formation and insufficient NET-clearance possibly drive the immunologic dysregulation and complement the pathogenesis of SRMA. The detection of NETs in SRMA offers many possibilities to explore the aetiopathogenetic influence of this defence mechanism of the innate immune system in infectious and non-infectious canine neuropathies. more...
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- 2024
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16. Steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis: What have we learned since 2010? A narrative review
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Wohlsein, Jan C. and Tipold, Andrea
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- 2023
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17. Quantitative analysis of magnetic resonance images for characterization of blood‐brain barrier dysfunction in dogs with brain tumors
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Erez Hanael, Shelly Baruch, Orit Chai, Liron Lishitsky, Tal Blum, Kira Rapoport, Marco Ruggeri, Zahi Aizenberg, Dana Peery, Nina Meyerhoff, Holger Andreas Volk, Steven De Decker, Andrea Tipold, Wolfgang Baumgaertner, Alon Friedman, and Merav Shamir more...
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blood‐brain barrier ,CNS disorders ,epilepsy ,glioma ,meningioma ,neurology ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability can be assessed quantitatively using advanced imaging analysis. Hypothesis/Objectives Quantification and characterization of blood‐brain barrier dysfunction (BBBD) patterns in dogs with brain tumors can provide useful information about tumor biology and assist in distinguishing between gliomas and meningiomas. Animals Seventy‐eight hospitalized dogs with brain tumors and 12 control dogs without brain tumors. Methods In a 2‐arm study, images from a prospective dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE; n = 15) and a retrospective archived magnetic resonance imaging study (n = 63) were analyzed by DCE and subtraction enhancement analysis (SEA) to quantify BBB permeability in affected dogs relative to control dogs (n = 6 in each arm). For the SEA method, 2 ranges of postcontrast intensity differences, that is, high (HR) and low (LR), were evaluated as possible representations of 2 classes of BBB leakage. BBB score was calculated for each dog and was associated with clinical characteristics and tumor location and class. Permeability maps were generated, using the slope values (DCE) or intensity difference (SEA) of each voxel, and analyzed. Results Distinctive patterns and distributions of BBBD were identified for intra‐ and extra‐axial tumors. At a cutoff of 0.1, LR/HR BBB score ratio yielded a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 100% in differentiating gliomas from meningiomas. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Blood‐brain barrier dysfunction quantification using advanced imaging analyses has the potential to be used for assessment of brain tumor characteristics and behavior and, particularly, to help differentiating gliomas from meningiomas. more...
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- 2023
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18. The role of neuroinflammation in canine epilepsy
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von Rüden, Eva-Lotta, Potschka, Heidrun, Tipold, Andrea, and Stein, Veronika M.
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- 2023
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19. The Reibergram for immunoglobulin A in dogs: Evaluation of intrathecal IgA synthesis using a quotient graph in dogs with neurological diseases
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Mirja L. Püschel, Fritjof Freise, Regina Carlson, Andrea Tipold, and Jasmin Nessler
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albumin ,barrier dysfunction ,blood‐CSF barrier ,cerebrospinal fluid ,CSF ,immunoglobulin ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentration is a common finding in neurological diseases of dogs. Distinguishing between intrathecally‐produced proteins and proteins that have passed the blood‐CSF barrier because of barrier disruption facilitates diagnosis. Albumin is a microprotein mainly produced extrathecally that can be used as a reference marker for blood‐CSF barrier dysfunction. Objectives Develop a quotient graph based on the CSF/serum quotient of albumin and immunoglobulin A (IgA; Reibergram) to visualize intrathecal IgA synthesis and blood‐CSF barrier dysfunction. Animals and Methods Retrospective single‐center cohort study. A hyperbolic function was developed using data from 6 healthy Beagles and 38 dogs with neurological diseases in which an isolated blood‐CSF barrier dysfunction was expected. The function was validated using data from 10 dogs with expected intrathecal IgA synthesis and was visualized as a quotient graph. Finally, the graph was used to evaluate data of 118 dogs with various neurological diseases. Results Within the Reibergram, the function QLimIgA=0.13QAlb2+11.9·10−6−1.01·10−3 describes the upper values of physiological IgA quotients. It detects diseases with expected intrathecal IgA synthesis with higher sensitivity (85%) and specificity (89%) than the IgA index. The upper value of the physiological albumin quotient is 2.22 and detects diseases with expected blood‐CSF barrier dysfunction (sensitivity: 81%; specificity: 88%). Conclusion and Clinical Importance The canine Reibergram can detect blood‐CSF barrier dysfunction and intrathecal IgA synthesis in the majority of cases. The graphical visualization simplifies data evaluation and makes it a feasible tool in routine CSF diagnostic testing. more...
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- 2023
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20. ChatGPT and scientific papers in veterinary neurology; is the genie out of the bottle?
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Samira Abani, Holger Andreas Volk, Steven De Decker, Joe Fenn, Clare Rusbridge, Marios Charalambous, Rita Goncalves, Rodrigo Gutierrez-Quintana, Shenja Loderstedt, Thomas Flegel, Carlos Ros, Thilo von Klopmann, Henning Christian Schenk, Marion Kornberg, Nina Meyerhoff, Andrea Tipold, and Jasmin Nicole Nessler more...
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ChatGPT ,artificial intelligence (AI) ,machine learning ,generative AI ,scientific writing ,ethics ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Published
- 2023
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21. Can ChatGPT diagnose my collapsing dog?
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Samira Abani, Steven De Decker, Andrea Tipold, Jasmin Nicole Nessler, and Holger Andreas Volk
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ChatGPT ,artificial intelligence ,diagnosis ,machine learning ,natural language processing ,language model ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Published
- 2023
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22. Die Studieneingangsphase in der Tiermedizin– Herausforderungen, Chancen und Bedarfe
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J Zintl, C Kleinsorgen, A Tipold, and E Schaper
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Studierbarkeit ,Studierfähigkeit ,Selbstregulation ,Curriculum ,Lernen ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurden die Studierenden, die zum Wintersemester 2021/22 ihr Studium an der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover begannen, prospektiv zu den Erwartungen und retrospektiv zu ihren Erfahrungen mit der Studieneingangsphase befragt. Dazu erhielten sie jeweils zu Beginn und zum Ende ihres ersten Semesters einen vergleichbaren Fragebogen zu ihren individuellen Voraussetzungen, ihren Einschätzungen zu Studienzielen und -anforderungen sowie den Lehrveranstaltungen des ersten Semesters und der Studieneingangsphase allgemein. Für die Auswertung konnten 50 verbundene Stichproben generiert werden. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass persönliche Herausforderungen die Studierenden der Veterinärmedizin vor die größten Probleme stellen. Die relevantesten Stressoren sind lernbezogene Schwierigkeiten und der Leistungsdruck der höheren Bildung. Durch das umfangreiche Curriculum verstärkt, zeigt sich dies noch mehr als in anderen Fachrichtungen. Hervorzuheben sind im ersten Studienjahr auch scheinbar nicht berufsrelevante Grundlagenfächer und zu wenige obligatorische klinisch-praktische Inhalte sowie soziale Herausforderungen während der COVID-19-Pandemie. Auffallend ist außerdem die rasche Berufswunschänderung weg von der tierärztlichen Praxis vom ersten zum zweiten Befragungszeitpunkt.Auf der anderen Seite konnte gezeigt werden, dass Tiermedizinstudierende schon zu Beginn ihres Studiums eine herausragend hohe Zielbindung und Identifikation mit dem Studienfach aufweisen, sodass die anspruchsvolle Studieneingangsphase größtenteils erfolgreich bewältigt wird. Durch Unterstützung bei den als problematisch definierten Anforderungen mit entsprechenden Wahlpflichtveranstaltungen in der vulnerablen Studieneingangsphase sollte die Wahrscheinlichkeit eines möglichst reibungslosen Einstiegs in das Leben und Lernen an der Hochschule und den tierärztlichen Berufsstand erhöht werden. more...
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- 2023
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23. ACVIM consensus statement on diagnosis and management of acute canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion
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Natasha J. Olby, Sarah A. Moore, Brigitte Brisson, Joe Fenn, Thomas Flegel, Gregg Kortz, Melissa Lewis, and Andrea Tipold
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dog ,intervertebral disc herniation ,paralysis ,spinal cord injury ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (TL‐IVDE) is the most common cause of acute paraparesis and paraplegia in dogs; however, guidelines on management of the condition are lacking. Objectives To summarize the current literature as it relates to diagnosis and management of acute TL‐IVDE in dogs, and to formulate clinically relevant evidence‐based recommendations. Animals None. Methods A panel of 8 experts was convened to assess and summarize evidence from the peer‐reviewed literature in order to develop consensus clinical recommendations. Level of evidence available to support each recommendation was assessed and reported. Results The majority of available literature described observational studies. Most recommendations made by the panel were supported by a low or moderate level of evidence, and several areas of high need for further study were identified. These include better understanding of the ideal timing for surgical decompression, expected surgical vs medical outcomes for more mildly affected dogs, impact of durotomy on locomotor outcome and development of progressive myelomalacia, and refining of postoperative care, and genetic and preventative care studies. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Future efforts should build on current recommendations by conducting prospective studies and randomized controlled trials, where possible, to address identified gaps in knowledge and to develop cost effectiveness and number needed to treat studies supporting various aspects of diagnosis and treatment of TL‐IVDE. more...
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- 2022
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24. Cannabidiol in canine epilepsy
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Potschka, Heidrun, Bhatti, Sofie F.M., Tipold, Andrea, and McGrath, Stephanie
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- 2022
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25. Evaluation of the eOSCE for testing clinical skills
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Svenja Berendes, Elisabeth Schaper, Andrea Tipold, and Sandra Wissing
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eOSCE ,E-assessment ,clinical skills ,clinical assessment ,veterinary education ,formative test ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
The OSCE is a proven instrument for testing practical skills of students, not only in the (veterinary) medical field. At the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation (TiHo), students must complete a 10-week rotation in one of the university’s own clinics during the practical year in the 9th and 10th semesters in addition to other practical training. Within this framework, the first training for acquiring clinical practical skills with a formative examination (OSCE; Objective Structured Clinical Examination) was developed in the Clinical Skills Lab (CSL) in 2014. Since 2018, the TiHo has been the first veterinary medical training institution in Germany to conduct electronic OSCEs (eOSCEs). In the future, eOSCEs will also be introduced as a summative examination at the TiHo. For this reason, students in the practical year of the winter semester 2021/2022 and summer semester 2022 as well as former and current examiners were surveyed regarding their satisfaction with the eOSCE examination format as part of this study. The 175 analyzed questionnaires from students and 27 analyzed questionnaires from examiners showed a high level of satisfaction with the eOSCE overall, but at the same time indicated problems that should be ironed out before it is introduced as a summative examination in the state examination. In addition to its standardization and objectivity, the examination format also convinced with its quality-assurance review procedure and the direct feedback possibility with regard to the students’ performance. more...
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- 2023
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26. Evaluation of equine perineural anesthesia simulators with integrated success control for veterinary education.
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Chodzinski, Anna, Wissing, Sandra, Tipold, Andrea, and Geburek, Florian
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CONDUCTION anesthesia ,HUMAN anatomical models ,LAMENESS in horses ,MORAL reasoning ,VETERINARY medicine education - Abstract
The skills necessary to perform diagnostic perineural anesthesia in equids belongs to one of the Day One Competences of a veterinarian, so every veterinary graduate should be able to perform them correctly. For logistical, hygienic and ethical reasons, practical exercises on cadaver limbs are not accessible to all students. Two equine distal limb simulators were developed and evaluated as an additional instructional tool to train the required skills. Both simulators were designed and built with an integrated success control, with Simulator I (S1) designed to be a simplified anatomical model and Simulator II (S2), a more realistic model. The simulators were tested by 68 students in the 5
th year who were divided into two groups. Thirty-four students received a training session using the simplified anatomical model (S1) and the other 34 students one on cadaver limbs, the usual instructional tool. The practical learning success of both groups was validated using S2. Additionally, data on self-efficacy were collected. The results show that the two groups did not differ significantly in their practical learning success, whereas self-efficacy of both groups increased significantly after the sessions. An evaluation performed by 7 veterinarians and 49 students of the 5th year indicate that the simulators are suitable for teaching perineural anesthesia in the equine distal limb. However, S2 could be more realistic. The simulators will be used as a supplement to exercises on cadaver limbs to enable all students to practice perineural anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...- Published
- 2025
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27. Measures for Quality Assurance of Electronic Examinations in a Veterinary Medical Curriculum.
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Richter, Robin, Tipold, Andrea, and Schaper, Elisabeth
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- 2024
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28. Evaluation of an Interprofessional Blended Learning Course Focusing on Communication within Veterinary Teams
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Sylva Agnete Charlotte Heise, Sandra Wissing, Verena Nerschbach, Ellen Preussing, Andrea Tipold, and Christin Kleinsorgen
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interprofessional ,team communication ,teamwork ,communication course ,interprofessional course ,blended learning ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Based on the importance of communication and teamwork in veterinary practice, we explored the impact of a blended learning course designed to enhance interprofessional communication skills among veterinary students and apprentice assistants. The blended learning course design included online modules, synchronous (online) seminars, and simulation training sessions. The asynchronous online elements should complement the varied schedules of different professions and meet the individual needs of participants, especially considering the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The course structure, evaluations, and outcomes were documented, showing a positive impact on knowledge gain concerning communication and self-assessment in communication skills. In the pretest, the participants scored 43.18% correct answers to a knowledge test, whereas 71.50% correct answers were given in the posttest. Some participants indicated an improvement in the self-assessment of their skills. For example, before the training only 13.64% answered the question “How prepared do you feel regarding your communication skills for entering the profession?” with “Very good” or “Good”, versus 50.00% in the posttest. There were also only 22.73% of participants who agreed to having sufficient understanding of the roles of other professional groups, while in the posttest, 81.82% agreed. The evaluations highlighted positive feedback on the organization, learning environment, and overall course structure. However, challenges such as limited resources, especially time and financial constraints, influenced the implementation and ongoing development of the course. Subsequent runs of the course could gather more data to further improve the teaching of veterinary interprofessional communication. This ongoing data collection would allow continuous insights into and adjustments to the teaching methods, ensuring maximum benefit for veterinary students and apprentice assistants. more...
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- 2024
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29. Measuring Veterinarian Professions’ Readiness for Interprofessional Learning in a Pre- and Post-Intervention Study
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Sylva Agnete Charlotte Heise, Andrea Tipold, Karl Rohn, and Christin Kleinsorgen
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interprofessional ,blended learning ,teamwork ,RIPLS ,communication ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The integration of interprofessional collaboration is becoming increasingly crucial in veterinary care settings, emphasising the need for interprofessional education (IPE) in veterinary programmes. This study explores the readiness for interprofessional learning among German veterinary students, apprentices and related occupations before and after an interprofessional communication course. It assesses the impact of this course on the participants’ attitudes using the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS). The course, offered in two iterations, combined asynchronous online modules, live seminars and practical training elements. The RIPLS was administered before and after the course to gauge attitude shifts towards interprofessional learning. Statistical analyses, including McNemar, Cohen’s Kappa and exact Fisher tests, were employed to compare pre- and post-test responses. Despite challenges in participant linking, significant findings emerged between the student and apprentice groups in specific areas of the RIPLS, notably in the “Professional Identity” subscale post-course. However, correlations between face-to-face contact and RIPLS ratings were not observed, suggesting a need for more integrated interprofessional learning experiences. While some limitations in sample size and profession distribution hinder generalisability, this study indicates a high receptiveness to interprofessional learning in veterinary education, emphasising the potential for attitude changes with more interactive participation and programme adjustments. more...
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- 2024
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30. Simulator-Assisted Training of Abomasal Surgery—A Pilot Study Using Blended Learning and Face-to-Face Teaching
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Julia Muehlberg, Andrea Tipold, Maike Heppelmann, and Sandra Wissing
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veterinary education ,clinical skills ,blended learning ,simulation ,self-efficacy ,abomasal displacement ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Two stimulators were developed, one simplified and one realistic, in the present study for learning abomasal surgery for veterinary students. The simulators were tested in a pilot study: The upcoming blended learning format was compared with traditional face-to-face teaching. A total of 21 5th-year students participated in the study. While one group learned the surgical technique in traditional face-to-face simulator training, the second group completed interactive video training asynchronously. Afterwards, skills were examined in person. The results showed that the different groups did not lead to different performance results. Participation in the study increased self-assessment of skills by an average of about 7 of 36 points, as well as the learning success and motivation of students in both groups. The simulators developed were well liked by the students and rated as appropriate by 12 practicing bovine veterinarians. The pilot study indicates that blended learning could be a suitable alternative to traditional face-to-face teaching. This should be followed by further research to support the use of blended learning in the veterinary education of clinical skills. more...
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- 2023
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31. Developing a predictive model for spinal shock in dogs with spinal cord injury
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Rebecca McBride, Elizabeth Parker, Rebecca B. Garabed, Natasha J. Olby, Andrea Tipold, Veronika Maria Stein, Nicolas Granger, Ashley C. Hechler, Page E. Yaxley, Sarah A. Moore, and CANSORT‐SCI study investigators more...
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fibrocartilaginous infarct ,herniation ,intervertebral disc disease ,neurology ,spinal cord disease ,spinal shock ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Reduced pelvic limb reflexes in dogs with spinal cord injury typically suggests a lesion of the L4‐S3 spinal cord segments. However, pelvic limb reflexes might also be reduced in dogs with a T3‐L3 myelopathy and concurrent spinal shock. Hypothesis/Objectives We hypothesized that statistical models could be used to identify clinical variables associated with spinal shock in dogs with spinal cord injuries. Animals Cohort of 59 dogs with T3‐L3 myelopathies and spinal shock and 13 dogs with L4‐S3 myelopathies. Methods Data used for this study were prospectively entered by partner institutions into the International Canine Spinal Cord Injury observational registry between October 2016 and July 2019. Univariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between independent variables and the presence of spinal shock. Independent variables were selected for inclusion in a multivariable logistic regression model if they had a significant effect (P ≤ .1) on the odds of spinal shock in univariable logistic regression. Results The final multivariable model included the natural log of weight (kg), the natural log of duration of clinical signs (hours), severity (paresis vs paraplegia), and pelvic limb tone (normal vs decreased/absent). The odds of spinal shock decreased with increasing weight (odds ratio [OR] = 0.28, P = .09; confidence interval [CI] 0.07‐1.2), increasing duration (OR = 0.44, P = .02; CI 0.21‐0.9), decreased pelvic limb tone (OR = 0.04, P = .003; CI 0.01‐0.36), and increased in the presence of paraplegia (OR = 7.87, P = .04; CI 1.1‐56.62). Conclusions and Clinical Importance A formula, as developed by the present study and after external validation, could be useful for assisting clinicians in determining the likelihood of spinal shock in various clinical scenarios and aid in diagnostic planning. more...
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- 2022
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32. Was nehmen wir mit für die Zukunft?– Befragung von Studierenden zum Tiermedizinstudium in COVID-19-Zeiten
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H Naundorf, A Tipold, and E Schaper
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Digitale Lehre ,hybrid ,Corona-Pandemie ,Veterinärmedizin ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Mit dieser Studie wurde die Durchführung und Umsetzung der im Zuge der Covid-19-Pandemie an der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover durchgeführten Hybridsemester (WiSe 20/21 und SoSe 21) aus Sicht der Studierenden evaluiert. Durch die Ergebnisse dieser Evaluation soll die zukünftige veterinärmedizinische Lehre, vor allem im Hinblick auf die eingesetzten Lehrformate, an die Bedürfnisse und Wünsche der Studierenden angepasst werden.Dafür wurde eine Befragung unter den im Sommersemester 2021 an der TiHo immatrikulierten Studierenden durchgeführt und ausgewertet. 492 vollständig ausgefüllte Fragebogen flossen in die Analyse ein. Themenschwerpunkte der Umfrage waren technische Voraussetzungen für das Studium, das Lernen im Hybridsemester, Auswirkungen der Hybridsemester auf das Studium der Studierenden und allgemeine Studienbedingungen.Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen eine positive Bewertung der hybriden Semester durch die Studierenden. Als Vorteile der digitalen Lehre hoben die Studierenden vor allem die erhöhte Flexibilität und die Aufzeichnung von Vorlesungen hervor. Mit der vorhandenen Hardware konnte die große Mehrheit der Studierenden immer am Studium teilhaben. Sie gaben jedoch an, dass die digitale Lehre soziale Interaktion erschwere. Um die Vorteile der digitalen Lehre zu erhalten, aber auch die Nachteile auszugleichen, sollte das Tiermedizinstudium in Zukunft mit dafür geeigneten Vorlesungen als digitale Veranstaltungen oder im Blended-Learning-Format und praktischen Übungen als Präsenzveranstaltungen durchgeführt werden. more...
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- 2023
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33. Measurement of canine Th17 cells by flow cytometry
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Knebel, A., Kämpe, A., Carlson, R., Rohn, K., and Tipold, A.
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- 2022
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34. Holoprosencephalia, hypoplasia of corpus callosum and cerebral heterotopia in a male belted Galloway heifer with adipsia
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Nessler, Jasmin, Wunderlich, Christian, Eikelberg, Deborah, Beineke, Andreas, Raue, Jonathan, Runge, Martin, Tipold, Andrea, Ganter, Martin, and Rehage, Jürgen
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- 2022
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35. Veterinarians' perspective on telemedicine in Germany
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Björn Becker, Andrea Tipold, Jan Ehlers, and Christin Kleinsorgen
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telemedicine ,veterinary telemedicine ,teleconsultation ,teleradiology ,digitalization ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
IntroductionInformation on the use of telemedical approaches in the context of veterinary medicine is evolving. As in human medicine, veterinary medicine is subject to an increasing digitalization effort. The aim of the current study was to investigate the perspective of German veterinarians regarding their awareness and usage of telemedical approaches. Furthermore, the degree of implementation of different digital approaches in the context of German veterinary medicine was elaborated.MethodsA literature review, that also aimed to address the necessary framework or standardization of these digitalization efforts and potential barriers such as legal or infrastructural aspects, provided information for the empirical research. Using a quantitative research approach, the perspective of German veterinarians was surveyed.ResultsIn total, responses from 169 veterinarians were analyzed. The results show that digital approaches were used by veterinarians and the usage was enhanced by the COVID-19 crisis.DiscussionHowever, the lack of a clear legal framework may be a significant barrier for further implementation. This survey provides a basis for a critical discussion on the use of veterinary telemedicine in Germany. The results may contribute to future strategies for the implementation and development of necessary policies, training, and service applications within Germany, which may be transferable for the profession in other countries. more...
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- 2023
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36. Immunoglobulin profiling with large high-density peptide microarrays as screening method to detect candidate proteins for future biomarker detection in dogs with steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis
- Author
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Jasmin Nicole Nessler and Andrea Tipold
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Steroid responsive meningitis arteritis (SRMA) is an aberrant Th2-mediated systemic inflammatory disease in dogs. The etiopathogenesis still remains unclear as no triggering pathogen or autoantigen could be found so far. Hypothesis. Large high-density peptide microarrays are a suitable screening method to detect possible autoantigens which might be involved in the pathogenesis of SRMA. Methods. The IgA and IgG profile of pooled serum samples of 5 dogs with SRMA and 5 dogs with neck pain due to intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) without ataxia or paresis were compared via commercially available high-density peptide microarrays (Discovery Microarray) containing 29,240 random linear peptides. Canine distemper virus nucleoprotein (CDVN) served as positive control as all dogs were vaccinated. Common motifs were compared to amino acid sequences of known proteins via databank search. One suitable protein was manually selected for further analysis with a smaller customized high-density peptide microarray. Results. Pooled serum of dogs with SRMA and IVDH showed different IgA and IgG responses on Discovery Microarray. Only top IgG responses of dogs with SRMA showed a common motif not related to the control protein CDVN. This common motif is part of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist protein (IL1Ra). On IL1Ra, dogs with SRMA displayed IgA binding to an additional epitope, which dogs with IVDH did not show. Discussion. IL1Ra is an anti-inflammatory acute phase protein. Different immunoglobulin binding patterns on IL1Ra could be involved in the pathogenesis of SRMA and IL1Ra might be developed as future biomarker for SRMA. more...
- Published
- 2023
37. Interprofessional survey on communication skills in veterinary and veterinary-related education in Germany
- Author
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Michèle Rauch, Sandra Wissing, Andrea Tipold, and Christin Kleinsorgen
- Subjects
Communication skills ,Interprofessional education ,Veterinary and veterinary-related professions ,Professional skills training ,Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Communication is an indispensable skill in the everyday working life of a veterinary team. In German higher educational institutions, communication skills training is explicitly mentioned in the curricula of veterinary assistants, including veterinary nurses and veterinary technicians, and of animal keepers, but not for undergraduate veterinary medicine. Little is known about interprofessional education in veterinary medicine and related professions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe and explore the current interprofessional state of knowledge regarding communication skills of the aforementioned groups in Germany. Methods To explore the perception, assess the knowledge and identify the attitude regarding communication skills and interprofessional training, an online survey was distributed. The survey was sent to all five veterinary higher educational institutions, 38 schools for veterinary assistants and 15 schools for animal keepers throughout Germany. Results In total, 294 veterinary students, 111 veterinary assistant trainees and 62 animal keeper trainees participated. The majority of participants (98.07%, n = 458) perceived communication skills as highly important for their everyday work. In total, 413 participants (88.44%) felt that their communication skills needed improvement and more than half admitted having difficulties in effective communication (59.31%; n = 277). In addition, 62.74% of respondents (n = 293) were not sufficiently informed about the training content of their future colleagues. Most were convinced that training could positively influence on their communication with clients (95.72%; n = 447) and the team (92.29%; n = 431), and 76.45% of respondents (n = 357) wished to participate in an interprofessional training. Conclusions Results of this study confirm that communication skills are perceived as highly important for professional life. Students and trainees show a great interest in communication skills and interprofessional training. The findings indicate that appropriate adjustments to existing curricula are necessary in Germany. more...
- Published
- 2021
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38. Metabolic fingerprinting of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy receiving a ketogenic medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil
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Benjamin Andreas Berk, Claudia Ottka, Tsz Hong Law, Rowena Mary Anne Packer, Annette Wessmann, Andrea Bathen-Nöthen, Tarja Susanna Jokinen, Anna Knebel, Andrea Tipold, Hannes Lohi, and Holger Andreas Volk more...
- Subjects
metabolome ,neurotransmitter ,epilepsy ,biomarker ,medium-chain triglyceride ,canine ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Consumption of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) has been shown to improve seizure control, reduce behavioural comorbidities and improve cognitive function in epileptic dogs. However, the exact metabolic pathways affected by dietary MCT remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to identify changes in the metabolome and neurotransmitters levels relevant to epilepsy and behavioural comorbidities associated with the consuming of an MCT supplement (MCT-DS) in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE). Metabolic alterations induced by a commercial MCT-DS in a population of 28 dogs with IE were evaluated in a 6-month multi-centre, prospective, randomised, double-blinded, controlled cross-over trial design. A metabolic energy requirement-based amount of 9% MCT or control oil was supplemented to the dogs' stable base diet for 3 months, followed by the alternative oil for another 3 months. A validated, quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy platform was applied to pre- and postprandially collected serum samples to compare the metabolic profile between both DS and baseline. Furthermore, alterations in urinary neurotransmitter levels were explored. Five dogs (30%) had an overall reduction in seizure frequency of ≥50%, and were classified as MCT-responders, while 23 dogs showed a ≤50% reduction, and were defined as MCT non-responders. Amino-acid metabolism was significantly influenced by MCT consumption compared to the control oil. While the serum concentrations of total fatty acids appeared similar during both supplements, the relative concentrations of individual fatty acids differed. During MCT supplementation, the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid were significantly higher than under the control oil. β-Hydroxybutyric acid levels were significantly higher under MCT supplementation. In total, four out of nine neurotransmitters were significantly altered: a significantly increased γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration was detected during the MCT-phase accompanied by a significant shift of the GABA-glutamate balance. MCT-Responders had significantly lowered urinary concentrations of histamine, glutamate, and serotonin under MCT consumption. In conclusion, these novel data highlight metabolic changes in lipid, amino-acid and ketone metabolism due to MCT supplementation. Understanding the metabolic response to MCT provides new avenues to develop better nutritional management with improved anti-seizure and neuroprotective effects for dogs with epilepsy, and other behavioural disorders. more...
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- 2022
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39. Editorial: Neuroinflammatory diseases of domestic animals
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John H. Rossmeisl and Andrea Tipold
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meningoencephalitis ,meningitis ,vasculitis ,neuropathology ,immunology ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Published
- 2022
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40. Concomitant necrotizing encephalitis and granulomatous meningoencephalitis in four toy breed dogs
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Jasmin Nicole Nessler, Anna Oevermann, Marina Schawacht, Ingo Gerhauser, Ingo Spitzbarth, Sophie Bittermann, Frank Steffen, Martin Jürgen Schmidt, and Andrea Tipold
- Subjects
meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) ,necrotizing meningoencephalitis ,necrotizing leukoencephalitis ,canine (dog) ,inflammatory brain disease ,histopathology (HPE) ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
The term “meningoencephalitis of unknown origin” (MUO) describes a group of different encephalitides in dogs in which no infectious agent can be identified and a multifactorial etiology is suspected. Among others, genetic factors and unknown triggers seem to be involved. Included are necrotizing leukoencephalitis (NLE), necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME), and granulomatous meningoencephalitis (GME). In this case series, we describe the histopathological findings of four toy breed dogs with focal or multifocal necrotizing encephalitis and mainly lymphocytic perivascular infiltrates on histopathological examination. At the same time, however, in all dogs, focal or multifocal high-grade angiocentric granulomatous inflammatory lesions were evident with focal histiocytic perivascular infiltrates in the brain. The former changes are typical for NLE and NME. In contrast, the latter changes are indicative of GME. This case series shows that the boundaries between the necrotizing and granulomatous variants of MUO might be smooth and suggests that NLE, NME, and GME are not as distinct as previously described. This finding could be a crucial piece of the puzzle in the study of the pathogenesis of MUO as individual susceptibility and specific triggers could be responsible for the manifestation of the different MUO subtypes. more...
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- 2022
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41. Elevated Interleukin-31 Levels in Serum, but Not CSF of Dogs with Steroid-Responsive Meningitis-Arteritis Suggest an Involvement in Its Pathogenesis
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Laura Lemke, Regina Carlson, Katrin Warzecha, Andrea V. Volk, Andrea Tipold, and Jasmin Nessler
- Subjects
IL-31 ,SRMA ,canine ,Th-2 mediated inflammation ,MUO ,meningoencephalitis of unknown origin ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
Steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA) is a predominantly Th-2 immune-mediated disease, but the exact pathomechanism remains unclear. Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is predominantly produced by T cells with a Th-2 phenotype during proinflammatory conditions. We hypothesize that IL-31 might be involved in the pathogenesis of SRMA. IL-31 was measured in archived samples (49 serum and 52 CSF samples) of dogs with SRMA, meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO), infectious meningoencephalitis, and atopic dermatitis, and of healthy control dogs using a competitive canine IL-31 ELISA. The mean serum IL-31 level in dogs with SRMA (n = 18) was mildly higher compared to dogs with atopic dermatitis (n = 3, p = 0.8135) and MUO (n = 15, p = 0.7618) and markedly higher than in healthy controls (n = 10, p = 0.1327) and dogs with infectious meningoencephalitis (n = 3, no statistics). Dogs with SRMA in the acute stage of the disease and without any pre-treatment had the highest IL-31 levels. The mean CSF IL-31 value for dogs with SRMA (n = 23) was quite similar to that for healthy controls (n = 8, p = 0.4454) and did not differ markedly from dogs with MUO (n = 19, p = 0.8724) and infectious meningoencephalitis. Based on this study, an involvement of IL-31 in the pathogenesis of the systemic Th-2 immune-mediated immune response in SRMA can be assumed as a further component leading to an aberrant immune reaction. more...
- Published
- 2023
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42. Correction: Long‑term changes of Th17 and regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of dogs with spinal cord injury after intervertebral disc herniation
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M. Wesolowski, P. Can, K. Warzecha, F. Freise, R. Carlson, J. Neßler, and A. Tipold
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Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Published
- 2023
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43. Of potential new treatment targets and polythetic approach in meningoencephalitis of unknown origin: a review.
- Author
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Nessier, Jasmin N. and Tipold, Andrea
- Subjects
CENTRAL nervous system ,DOG diseases ,SYMPTOMS ,MENINGOENCEPHALITIS ,QUALITY of life - Abstract
Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) represents an umbrella term for inflammatory, non-infectious central nervous system (CNS) diseases in dogs. Current therapeutic approaches, involving long-term glucocorticosteroid use, often fail to provide adequate relief or cure, and the effectiveness of additional immunosuppressive medications remains uncertain. Future advancements in MUO treatment may benefit from patient-specific therapies, potentially enhancing treatment precision, efficacy, and minimizing side effects. However, significant challenges impede this progress, including ambiguity in MUO subtype classification, uncertainties regarding the autoimmune nature vs. infectious triggers, and the lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers. Clinical heterogeneity and overlapping signs with other encephalopathies further complicate diagnosis and treatment. This review gives an overview about diagnostic findings and immunological features of MUO. It advocates for a more overall characterization of MUO by using a polythetic system to better characterize MUO subtypes, identify immunological treatment targets, and establish a conceptual foundation for future therapeutic trials. Addressing these themes may lead to more effective and less burdensome treatments, improving the quality of life for dogs afflicted with MUO and their owners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2024
44. Canine idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome, immune-mediated?
- Author
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Kajin, Filip, Meyerhoff, Nina, Meller, Sebastian, Carlson, Regina, Tipold, Andrea, Gutierrez-Quintana, Rodrigo, Kaczmarska, Adriana, Sanchez-Masian, Daniel, Ives, Edward, Brocal, Josep, von Klopmann, Thilo, Hauer, Julia, and Volk, Holger Andreas more...
- Subjects
SYMPTOMS ,CEREBROSPINAL fluid ,IDIOPATHIC diseases ,AUTOANTIBODIES ,ANTIBODY titer - Abstract
Idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome is a disorder characterized by an acute onset of full-body tremors, sometimes accompanied by vestibulo-cerebellar signs, that is responsive to treatment with corticosteroids. Although considered to have an overall good outcome, relapsing and persistent mild clinical signs have been described. So far, little is known about the etiopathology of this syndrome, but it is believed to have an immune-mediated origin. In human medicine, description of numerous autoantibodies involved in certain noninfectious neurologic disorders has revolutionized understanding of their pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. In this multicenter retrospective study, we aimed to describe the clinical signs, course, and outcome of dogs with idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome and correlate potential findings with the presence or absence of autoantibodies associated with autoimmune cerebellar syndromes in humans. Information regarding signalment, history, clinical signs, laboratory findings, diagnostic imaging and testing for regional infectious diseases was gathered and the remaining serum and CSF samples were then analyzed for neural antibodies against targets associated with autoimmune encephalitic diseases of humans. Thirty-three dogs were included, and screening for neural antibodies was performed in 30 of those dogs. The analysis showed an increased titer of mGluR1 antibodies in two dogs, GFAP and later in the course of disease mGluR1 antibodies in one dog and an increase in unspecific autoantibodies which could not be further classified in two dogs. Dogs with detectable neural autoantibodies always had cerebrospinal fluid abnormalities in the form of a pleocytosis, with or without increased protein concentration, and tended to present with hyperthermia, potentially indicating a more severe clinical form of idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome in these cases. In conclusion, idiopathic generalized tremor syndrome is proposed to be an immune-mediated disorder potentially mediated by neural autoantibodies in a subgroup of dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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45. Can We Minimize the Risk of Dogs Developing Canine Otitis Externa?—A Retrospective Study on 321 Dogs.
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Ponn, Peter Christian, Tipold, Andrea, and Volk, Andrea Vanessa
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OTITIS externa ,SYMPTOMS ,REGULATION of body weight ,PET owners ,QUALITY of life ,DOGS - Abstract
Simple Summary: In daily veterinary practice, canine otitis externa is a common presentation and, therefore, many studies were conducted to evaluate predispositions. This study on the other hand aims to evaluate factors that have potentially statistically reduced risks for developing otitis externa. Regarding the results, Rhodesian Ridgebacks and Collies have shown significantly low odds for otitis externa. Furthermore, regarding dogs with endocrinopathies, it was shown that those who are overweight seem to develop otitis externa more likely than those with a normal weight. Especially the latter result should be used in communication with pet owners to point out the importance of strict weight management and, therefore, increasing the quality of life of their dogs. Background: Canine otitis externa is a common presentation in small animal practice. The clinical signs vary individually from patient to patient. Regardless of the expression, they all decrease the quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors that showed reduced odds for otitis externa. Methods: Clinical case records were searched for key terms regarding canine otitis. Statistical analyses were applied to evaluate associations with otitis externa. p-values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Rhodesian Ridgeback and dogs with underlying infectious diseases had a reduced risk for otitis externa, while Retrievers and dogs with allergies had an increased risk. Furthermore, in the group of dogs with endocrinopathies, those with normal weight showed a reduced risk of developing canine otitis in comparison to those which were overweight. Conclusions: These results show a new point of view to reduce the prevalence of canine otitis by reducing the animals' weight due to an additional risk of otitis in obese or overweight dogs. Furthermore, for the first time, Rhodesian Ridgebacks were identified in our study population to have a lower risk of developing otitis externa. Thus, breeders should reflect—within other responsibilities for the quality of life in their offspring—on breed-specifics about otitis when planning ahead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
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- 2024
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46. Case report: Lympho-histiocytic meningoencephalitis with central nervous system vasculitis of unknown origin in three dogs
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Isabel Zdora, Jonathan Raue, Franz Söbbeler, Andrea Tipold, Wolfgang Baumgärtner, and Jasmin Nicole Nessler
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meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) ,central nervous system (CNS) ,sterile ,canine (dog) ,inflammation ,brain ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is an umbrella term for a variety of subtypes of meningoencephalitis of dogs and cats with no identifiable infectious agent. In dogs, granulomatous meningoencephalitis (GME), necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME), and necrotizing leukoencephalitis (NLE) are the most commonly reported subtypes. However, sporadically there are reports about other subtypes such as greyhound encephalitis or eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. The following case series presents three dogs with peracute to acute progressive signs of encephalopathy. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of two dogs (post mortem n = 1/2) showed severe, diffuse swelling of the cortical gray matter with increased signal intensity in T2weighted (w) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and decreased signal intensity in T1w. Additionally, focal to multifocal areas with signal void in both dogs and caudal transforaminal herniation of the cerebellum in one dog was observed. Post mortem histopathological examination revealed lympho-histiocytic encephalitis and central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis in all dogs. No infectious agents were detectable by histopathology (hematoxylin and eosin stain), periodic acid-Schiff reaction (PAS), Ziehl-Neelsen stain and immunohistochemistry for Canine adenovirus-1, Parvovirus, Listeria monocytogenes, Parainfluenzavirus, Toxoplasma gondii, Herpes-suis virus, Pan-Morbillivirus, Tick born encephalitis virus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) 2. Furthermore, two dogs were tested negative for rabies virus. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a lympho-histiocytic encephalitis with CNS vasculitis with no identifiable infectious agent. It is suggested to consider this as an additional subtype of MUO with severe clinical signs. more...
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- 2022
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47. Key feature-cases as virtual patients in education of veterinary neurology
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Solveig Brigitta Reeh, Christin Kleinsorgen, Elisabeth Schaper, Holger Andreas Volk, and Andrea Tipold
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Key feature cases ,virtual patients ,Clinical Reasoning ,veterinary neurology ,clinical decision-making ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
To provide students of veterinary medicine with the necessary day 1 competences, e-learning offerings are increasingly used in addition to classical teaching formats such as lectures. For example, virtual patients offer the possibility of case-based, computer-assisted learning. A concept to teach and test clinical decision-making is the key feature (KF) approach. KF questions consist of three to five critical points that are crucial for the case resolution. In the current study usage, learning success, usability and acceptance of KF cases as neurological virtual patients should be determined in comparison to the long cases format. Elective courses were offered in winter term 2019/20 and summer term 2020 and a total of 38 virtual patients with neurological diseases were presented in the KF format. Eight cases were provided with a new clinical decision-making application (Clinical Reasoning Tool) and contrasted with eight other cases without the tool. In addition to the evaluation of the learning analytics (e.g., processing times, success rates), an evaluation took place after course completion. After 229 course participations (168 individual students and additional 61 with repeated participation), 199 evaluation sheets were completed. The average processing time of a long case was 53 min, while that of a KF case 17 min. 78% of the long cases and 73% of KF cases were successfully completed. The average processing time of cases with Clinical Reasoning Tool was 19 min. The success rate was 58.3 vs. 60.3% for cases without the tool. In the survey, the long cases received a ranking (1 = very good, 6 = poor) of 2.4, while KF cases received a grade of 1.6, 134 of the respondents confirmed that the casework made them feel better prepared to secure a diagnosis in a real patient. Flexibility in learning (n = 93) and practical relevance (n = 65) were the most frequently listed positive aspects. Since KF cases are short and highlight only the most important features of a patient, 30% (n = 70) of respondents expressed the desire for more specialist information. KF cases are suitable for presenting a wide range of diseases and for training students' clinical decision-making skills. The Clinical Reasoning Tool can be used for better structuring and visualizing the reasoning process. more...
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- 2022
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48. Case Report: Unable to Jump Like a Kangaroo Due to Myositis Ossificans Circumscripta
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Enrice I. Huenerfauth, Viktor Molnár, Marco Rosati, Malgorzata Ciurkiewicz, Franz J. Söbbeler, Oliver Harms, Robert Hildebrandt, Wolfgang Baumgärtner, Andrea Tipold, Holger A. Volk, and Jasmin Nessler more...
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macropod ,lameness ,traumatic ,calcification ,myopathy ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
A male 10-year-old captive red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) was presented with a chronic progressive pelvic limb lameness and reluctance to jump. The general examination revealed a palpable induration of the lumbar epaxial muscles. Magnetic resonance imaging performed under general anesthesia revealed bilateral almost symmetric, well-circumscribed mass lesions in superficial erector spinae muscles. The lesions had irregular to multilobulated appearance with hyper-, hypo-, and isointense areas in T2- and T1-weighted (w) sequences without contrast enhancement. On computed tomography, a peripheral rim of mineralization was apparent. Histopathological analysis of a muscle biopsy showed osseous trabeculae with rare clusters of chondrocytes indicating metaplasia of muscle tissue to bone. No indications of inflammation or malignancy were visible. The clinical, histopathological, and imaging workup of this case was consistent with myositis ossificans circumscripta. This disorder is particularly well-known among human professional athletes such as basketball players, where excessive, chronic-repetitive force or blunt trauma causes microtrauma to the musculature. Metaplasia of muscle tissue due to abnormal regeneration processes causes heterotopic ossification. The kangaroo's clinical signs improved with cyto-reductive surgery, cage rest, weight reduction, and meloxicam without further relapse. more...
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- 2022
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49. Phenotype of Idiopathic Epilepsy in Great Swiss Mountain Dogs in Germany—A Retrospective Study
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Theresa Elisabeth Ostermann, Jasmin Nicole Nessler, Hildegard Urankar, Norbert Bachmann, Christel Fechler, Andrea Bathen-Nöthen, and Andrea Tipold
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idiopathic epilepsy ,seizure ,phenotype ,dog ,incidence ,breed ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Genetic predisposition of idiopathic epilepsy (IE) has been demonstrated in individual breeds. According to the responsible breeding association in Germany, the average incidence of registered Great Swiss Mountain Dogs (GSMDs) with seizures between the years 1999 and 2019 is 2.56%, a genetic predisposition in this breed is suspected. To describe the seizure phenotype and to examine seizure causes, a retrospective, questionnaire-based study was performed. In cooperation with the Swiss Mountain Dog Association of Germany e.V. (SSV e.V.), 114 questionnaires filled in by owners of GSMD displaying seizures and filled in by their respective veterinarians between the years 2005–2021 were evaluated. Seizure characteristics, clinical and further examinations, treatment, treatment responses, and pedigree information were collected. In this study, 94 (83.06%) dogs had IE (suspected genetic epilepsy) confirmed with confidence level TIER 1, 2, or 3. The remaining 20 dogs showed the signs of structural epilepsy, reactive seizures, or epilepsy of unknown cause and were therefore excluded from further analysis. The average age at seizure onset was 28.83 months. Male GSMDs were significantly more often affected by IE than females. The most common seizure type was focal evolving into generalized seizures (64.5%). Seizures often began with vomiting, retching, or salivation. Cluster seizures (CS) (48.9%) and status epilepticus (SE) (37.2%) were observed in a large proportion of dogs. During the observation time, a total of 49 animals (52.13%) died. Out of those, 19 dogs (20.21%) were euthanized in SE or during CS and 14 dogs (14.9%) died spontaneously during CS or SE. The median age at death was 4 years, and the median survival time for the time, when the dog was suffering from seizures, was found to be 18 months. Both occurrence of CS (p = 0.0076) and occurrence of SE (p = 0.0859) had an impact on survival time. In GSMD, idiopathic epilepsy presents with a severe phenotype with frequently occurring CS and SE. This study could serve as basis for further genetic evaluations as well as to provide individual treatment recommendations. more...
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- 2022
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50. Biopsy Characteristics, Subtypes, and Prognostic Features in 107 Cases of Feline Presumed Immune-Mediated Polyneuropathy
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Ninja Kolb, Kaspar Matiasek, Jana van Renen, Andrea Fischer, Yury Zablotski, Franziska Wieländer, Jasmin Nessler, Andrea Tipold, Rodolfo Cappello, Thomas Flegel, Shenja Loderstedt, Josephine Dietzel, Kirsten Gnirs, Kai Rentmeister, Stephan Rupp, Thilo von Klopmann, Frank Steffen, Konrad Jurina, Omar V. Del Vecchio, Martin Deutschland, Florian König, Gualtiero Gandini, Tom Harcourt-Brown, Marion Kornberg, Ezio Bianchi, Teresa Gagliardo, Marika Menchetti, Henning Schenk, Joana Tabanez, and Marco Rosati more...
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feline ,neuromuscular ,histology ,histopathology ,tetraparesis ,CIDP ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy (IMPN) is one of the causes of sudden onset of neuromuscular signs such as para-/tetraparesis in young cats. Even though most cases have a favorable outcome, persistent deficits, relapses, and progressive courses are occasionally seen. As clinical presentation does not always appear to predict outcome and risk of recurrence, this study was initiated to screen for prognostic biopsy findings in a large cohort of histologically confirmed IMPN cases with clinical follow-up. In total, nerve and muscle specimens of 107 cats with biopsy diagnosis of presumed autoreactive inflammatory polyneuropathy and 22 control cases were reviewed by two blinded raters for a set of 36 histological parameters. To identify patterns and subtypes of IMPN, hierarchical k-means clustering of 33 histologic variables was performed. Then, the impact of histological parameters on IMPN outcome was evaluated via an univariate analysis to identify variables for the final multivariate model. The data on immediate outcome and follow-up were collected from submitting neurologists using a purpose-designed questionnaire. Hierarchical k-means clustering sorted the tissues into 4 main categories: cluster 1 (44/129) represents a purely inflammatory IMPN picture, whereas cluster 2 (47/129) was accompanied by demyelinating features and cluster 3 (16/129) by Wallerian degeneration. Cluster 4 (22/129) reflects normal tissues from non-neuropathic control cats. Returned questionnaires provided detailed information on outcome in 63 animals. They were categorized into recovered and non-recovered. Thereby, fiber-invasive infiltrates by mononuclear cells and mild fiber loss in intramuscular nerve branches correlated with higher probabilities of recovery. Remyelination in semithin sections, on the other hand, is correlated with a less favorable outcome. Animals grouping in cluster 1 had a tendency to a higher probability of recovery compared to other clusters. In conclusion, diagnosis of feline IMPN from nerve and muscle biopsies allowed for the identification of histologic features that were positively or negatively correlated with outcome. more...
- Published
- 2022
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