107 results on '"Tingley D"'
Search Results
2. Estimating energy consumption of residential buildings at scale with drive-by image capture
- Author
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Ward, W.O.C., Li, X., Sun, Y., Dai, M., Arbabi, H., Tingley, D. Densley, and Mayfield, M.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Net zero by 2050: Investigating carbon-budget compliant retrofit measures for the English housing stock
- Author
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Li, X., Arbabi, H., Bennett, G., Oreszczyn, T., and Densley Tingley, D.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The potential of vertical extension at the city scale
- Author
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Gillott, C, primary, Davison, J B, additional, and Densley Tingley, D, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Measuring the Cityscape: A Pipeline from Street-Level Capture to Urban Quantification
- Author
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Ward, W, primary, Dai, M, additional, Arbabi, H, additional, Sun, Y, additional, Tingley, D, additional, and Mayfield, M, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Demolish or reuse? – The balance between operational and embodied emissions in the retrofit of commercial buildings
- Author
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Abbey, D, primary, Arbabi, H, additional, Gillott, C, additional, Ward, W, additional, and Tingley, D D, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Optimising the Balance Between Flexibility and Structural Mass for Lower Short- and Long-Term Embodied Carbon Emissions in Mass Housing
- Author
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Gosling, S, primary and Tingley, D D, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Causal Mediation Analysis Using R
- Author
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Imai, K., Keele, L., Tingley, D., Yamamoto, T., and Vinod, Hrishikesh D., editor
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Fine-mapping neurodegenerative milestones in the rTg4510 mouse model of tauopathy: O29
- Author
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Meftah, S., Ward, M. A., Wu, S., Murray, T. K., Tingley, D., Hayashi, M., Demattos, R., Hutton, M. L., OʼNeill, M. J., and Ahmed, Z.
- Published
- 2015
10. On Supportless Convex Sets
- Author
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Borwein, J. M. and Tingley, D. W.
- Published
- 1985
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Causal Mediation Analysis Using R
- Author
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Imai, K., primary, Keele, L., additional, Tingley, D., additional, and Yamamoto, T., additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Elliptic Curves Uniformised by Modular Functions
- Author
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Tingley, D. J.
- Subjects
510 - Published
- 1974
13. A multi-method approach for analysing the potential employment impacts of material efficiency
- Author
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Cooper, S., Skelton, A.C.H., Owen, A., Densley-Tingley, D., Allwood, J.M., Skelton, Alexandra [0000-0001-6402-4528], Allwood, Julian M. [0000-0003-0931-3831], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Input-output models ,Employment ,Economics and Econometrics ,Steel ,Material efficiency ,Input–output models ,Car clubs ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Construction - Abstract
Material efficiency, reducing the amount of new material inputs per given level of service or output, can\ud improve both the resource efficiency of an economy and reduce demand for energy and GHG emissions\ud intensive materials. It requires a change in the way materials, components and final products are used\ud along the supply chain with associated impacts on employment. Domestic policy support for material\ud efficiency can be hindered by concerns that reducing demand for new materials will impact on employment.\ud A multi-method approach for evaluating the employment impacts of material efficiency strategies\ud across different products and regions is presented. It is applied to two case studies that could reduce\ud demand for new steel in the UK: car clubs and re-using steel sections. Industry interviews supplemented\ud by a literature review reveal how sector labour intensity, product prices and sales volumes might change\ud along the mobility and construction supply chains in the short-term as a consequence of introducing\ud these strategies. A static multi-regional input-output model is used to estimate the immediate direct and\ud indirect supply chain employment impacts of increasing the material efficiency of steel use in the UK.\ud The principal finding of this paper, based on industry expectations of feasible rates of deployment, is that\ud the initial, immediate consequences of these actions would not adversely affect employment prospects\ud in the UK. This is partly because car clubs can stimulate demand for new vehicles and deconstructing\ud rather than demolishing buildings is labour intensive, substituting domestic labour for imported steel.\ud These initial findings should motivate further research on the opportunities for material efficiency
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Fracture risk is under-recognised and under-treated in memory clinic attendees
- Author
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Lampshire, Z., primary, Tingley, D., additional, Jarvis, A., additional, Wernham, C., additional, Hughes, J.C., additional, and Welsh, T.J., additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Redefine statistical significance
- Author
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Benjamin, D, Berger, J, Johannesson, M, Nosek, B, Wagenmakers, E, Berk, R, Bollen, K, Brembs, B, Brown, L, Camerer, C, Cesarini, D, Chambers, C, Clyde, M, Cook, T, De Boeck, P, Dienes, Z, Dreber, A, Easwaran, K, Efferson, C, Fehr, E, Fidler, F, Field, A, Forster, M, George, E, Gonzalez, R, Goodman, S, Green, E, Green, D, Greenwald, A, Hadfield, J, Hedges, L, Held, L, Hua Ho, T, Hoijtink, H, Hruschka, D, Imai, K, Imbens, G, Ioannidis, J, Jeon, M, Jones, J, Kirchler, M, Laibson, D, List, J, Little, R, Lupia, A, Machery, E, Maxwell, S, Mccarthy, M, Moore, D, Morgan, S, Munafó, M, Nakagawa, S, Nyhan, B, Parker, T, Pericchi, L, Perugini, M, Rouder, J, Rousseau, J, Savalei, V, Schönbrodt, F, Sellke, T, Sinclair, B, Tingley, D, Van Zandt, T, Vazire, S, Watts, D, Winship, C, Wolpert, R, Xie, Y, Young, C, Zinman, J, Johnson, V, Benjamin, DJ, Berger, JO, Nosek, BA, Wagenmakers, EJ, Bollen, KA, Chambers, CD, Cook, TD, Field, AP, George, EI, Green, DP, Greenwald, AG, Hadfield, JD, Hedges, LV, Hruschka, DJ, Ioannidis, JPA, Jones, JH, Maxwell, SE, McCarthy, M, Moore, DA, Morgan, SL, Parker, TH, Schönbrodt, FD, Watts, DJ, Wolpert, RL, Johnson, VE, Benjamin, D, Berger, J, Johannesson, M, Nosek, B, Wagenmakers, E, Berk, R, Bollen, K, Brembs, B, Brown, L, Camerer, C, Cesarini, D, Chambers, C, Clyde, M, Cook, T, De Boeck, P, Dienes, Z, Dreber, A, Easwaran, K, Efferson, C, Fehr, E, Fidler, F, Field, A, Forster, M, George, E, Gonzalez, R, Goodman, S, Green, E, Green, D, Greenwald, A, Hadfield, J, Hedges, L, Held, L, Hua Ho, T, Hoijtink, H, Hruschka, D, Imai, K, Imbens, G, Ioannidis, J, Jeon, M, Jones, J, Kirchler, M, Laibson, D, List, J, Little, R, Lupia, A, Machery, E, Maxwell, S, Mccarthy, M, Moore, D, Morgan, S, Munafó, M, Nakagawa, S, Nyhan, B, Parker, T, Pericchi, L, Perugini, M, Rouder, J, Rousseau, J, Savalei, V, Schönbrodt, F, Sellke, T, Sinclair, B, Tingley, D, Van Zandt, T, Vazire, S, Watts, D, Winship, C, Wolpert, R, Xie, Y, Young, C, Zinman, J, Johnson, V, Benjamin, DJ, Berger, JO, Nosek, BA, Wagenmakers, EJ, Bollen, KA, Chambers, CD, Cook, TD, Field, AP, George, EI, Green, DP, Greenwald, AG, Hadfield, JD, Hedges, LV, Hruschka, DJ, Ioannidis, JPA, Jones, JH, Maxwell, SE, McCarthy, M, Moore, DA, Morgan, SL, Parker, TH, Schönbrodt, FD, Watts, DJ, Wolpert, RL, and Johnson, VE
- Published
- 2018
16. Product renovation and shared ownership: sustainable routes to satisfying the world's growing demand for goods
- Author
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Rogers, JG, Braithwaite, N, Cooper, SJG, Cooper, S, Densley-Tingley, D, Moreno, M.A., Rodrigues, A, and Salvia, G
- Abstract
It has been estimated that by 2030 the number of people who are wealthy enough to be considered as middle class consumers will have tripled. This will have a dramatic impact on the demands for primary materials and energy. Much work has been carried out on sustainable ways of meeting the World’s energy demands and some work has been carried out on the sustainable production and consumption of goods. It has been estimated that with improvements in design and manufacturing it is possible to reduce the primary material requirements by 30% to produce the current demand for goods. Whilst this is a crucial step on the production side, there will still be a doubling of primary material requirements by the end of the century because of an absolute rise in demand for goods and services. It is therefore clear that the consumption of products must also be explored. This is a key areas of research for the UK INDEMAND centre, which is investigating ways of reducing the UK’s industrial energy demand and demand for energy intensive materials. Our ongoing work shows that two strategies would result in considerable reductions in the demand for primary materials: product longevity and using goods more intensively (which may requires increased durability). Product longevity and durability are not new ideas, but ones that can be applied across a raft of goods as methods of reducing the consumption of materials. With long life products there is a potential risk of outdated design and obsolescence, consequently there is a need to ensure upgradability and adaptability are incorporated at the design stage. If products last longer, then the production of new products can be diverted to emerging markets rather than the market for replacement goods. There are many goods which are only used occasionally; these goods do not normally wear out. The total demand for such could be drastically reduced if they were shared with other people. Sharing of goods has traditionally been conducted between friends or by hiring equipment. The use of modern communication systems and social media could enable the development of sharing co-ops and swap spaces that will increase the utilisation of goods and hence reduce the demand for new goods. This could also increase access to a range of goods for those on low incomes. From a series of workshops it has been found that the principal challenges are sociological rather than technological. This paper contains a discussion of these challenges and explores possible futures where these two strategies have been adopted. In addition, the barriers and opportunities that these strategies offer for consumers and businesses are identified, and areas where government policy could be instigated to bring about change are highlighted.
- Published
- 2015
17. Should energy labels for washing machines be expanded to include a durability rating?
- Author
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Braithwaite, N, Densley-Tingley, D, Moreno, M, Cooper, T, Braithwaite, N, Moreno, M, and Salvia, G
- Abstract
Washing machines are a key household appliance that can be found in the majority of UK homes. Over 2.5 million are sold in the UK every year and account for one of the highest material and production impacts of householder products in the UK (WRAP, 2011). Energy efficiency ratings are provided as a method for consumers to make an informed purchasing decision and were brought in by EU legislation to reduce energy use and enable users to reduce running costs, as it is known that the greater environmental impact of a washing machine is during use. From 2014, all washing machines sold must be at a minimum A rated, with ratings increasing to A+++. However, under this current labelling system the embodied impacts and durability of the machines are ignored. Through semi-structured interviews with consumers, manufacturers and distributors, this paper explores different perceptions of longevity and expectations of performance and durability. The paper explores whether energy labels should be expanded to include durability information, as this could enable consumers to make a decision based not only on cost and energy efficiency but also on expected lifespan. Existing manufacturer’s guarantees may give an indication of the expected durability of the product and this is investigated to explore if there is a positive correlation. The findings will further discuss the potential impacts of providing durability information and how this could enable manufacturers and consumers to shift towards a low material and energy future.
- Published
- 2015
18. Cell Assemblies of the Basal Forebrain
- Author
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Tingley, D., primary, Alexander, A. S., additional, Quinn, L. K., additional, Chiba, A. A., additional, and Nitz, D. A., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. The Political Economy of Inward FDI: Opposition to Chinese Mergers and Acquisitions
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Tingley, D., primary, Xu, C., additional, Chilton, A., additional, and Milner, H. V., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The problem of discards in fisheries
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Morizur, Yvon, Caillart, B, and Tingley, D
- Subjects
Target ,Species ,Marine ,Ecology ,World ,Overview ,Economic ,Wastage ,Gear ,Social ,Impact ,Fishery ,Bycatch ,Discards ,Biology ,Catch - Abstract
Introduction : It is now clear that the world's fishery resources are being subjected to exploitation at or above their capacity to produce maximum sustainable yields. At the same time as these trends are being felt, there is a very large wastage of fishery resources from discarding unwanted catches at sea. At the end of each fishing operation a part of the catch is often returned to the sea after sorting by the fishermen. A 1994 FAO report provided an estimate of global discards in commercial fisheries of 27 millions of tons per year compared to 50 million tons of direct human consumption. A more recent FAO document estimated that discards were in the order of 20 million tons in 1997. The majority of the world's fisheries are multi-species in nature and consequently it is difficult to optimize management measures for all the species caught. Management measures are most often decided from the target species perspective. However, total catches are a compound of commercial species and also non-commercial and prohibited species. In addition, catches often contain juvenile commercial species. The use of selective gears attempts to avoid capture of these young, small-sized fish. Normally the technical regulatory measures include gear characteristics (e.g. mesh size in nets) and also minimum landing sizes in an attempt to ensure fishermen use the most appropriate gears and so limit discards. Discards that cause the most problem are of species or individuals which do not survive when they are returned to the sea. The survival rate depends on the combination of species and fishing practice (e.g. gears). Towed gears generate low survival rates whilst at the other end of the spectrum, fixed gears do not generally damage individuals and so have very low discard mortality rates. Crustaceans, for example, have a higher survival rate after release than many fish species.
- Published
- 1999
21. Vision Screening Essentials: Screening Today for Eye Disorders in the Pediatric Patient
- Author
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Tingley, D. H., primary
- Published
- 2007
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. NK-1 receptor antagonists: a review of preclinical and clinical data
- Author
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Chappell, P., primary, Bachinsky, M., additional, Seymour, P., additional, Siuciak, J., additional, Tingley, D., additional, Schmidt, C., additional, and McLean, S., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Best Practices for an SAE SUPERMILEAGE® Vehicle
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Jawad, B., primary, Marck, E., additional, Tingley, D., additional, Salvati, Tony, additional, Mccoy, J., additional, Ondes, A., additional, Poota, E., additional, and Floma, Vida, additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Economic evaluation of inland fisheries in England and Wales
- Author
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Peirson, G., primary, Tingley, D., additional, Spurgeon, J., additional, and Radford, A., additional
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Consultation with the Specialist: Eye Trauma: Corneal Abrasions
- Author
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Tingley, D. H., primary
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The Admittance of Bare Circular Loop Antennas in a Dissipative Medium
- Author
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King, R.W. P., primary, Harrison, Jr., C. W., additional, and Tingley, D. G., additional
- Published
- 1963
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Testing Methods to Determine Properties of Fiber Reinforced Plastic Panels Used for Reinforcing Glulams
- Author
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Tingley, D. A., primary, Gai, Chunxu, additional, and Giltner, E. E., additional
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. The admittance of bare circular loop antennas in a dissipative medium.
- Author
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King, R., Harrison, C., and Tingley, D.
- Published
- 1964
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The wood from the trees: The use of timber in construction
- Author
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Ramage, MH, Burridge, H, Busse-Wicher, M, Fereday, G, Reynolds, T, Shah, DU, Wu, G, Yu, L, Fleming, P, Densley-Tingley, D, Allwood, J, Dupree, P, Linden, PF, Scherman, O, Ramage, Michael [0000-0003-2967-7683], Shah, Darshil [0000-0002-8078-6802], Wu, Guanglu [0000-0002-9690-5992], Allwood, Julian M. [0000-0003-0931-3831], Dupree, Paul [0000-0001-9270-6286], Linden, Paul [0000-0002-8511-2241], Scherman, Oren [0000-0001-8032-7166], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Energy ,Wood cell biology ,Timber supply chain ,Engineered wood products ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Wood modification ,Embodied energy ,09 Engineering ,End-of-life - Abstract
Trees, and their derivative products, have been used by societies around the world for thousands of years. Contemporary construction of tall buildings from timber, in whole or in part, suggests a growing interest in the potential for building with wood at a scale not previously attainable. As wood is the only significant building material that is grown, we have a natural inclination that building in wood is good for the environment. But under what conditions is this really the case? The environmental benefits of using timber are not straightforward; although it is a natural product, a large amount of energy is used to dry and process it. Much of this can come from the biomass of the tree itself, but that requires investment in plant, which is not always possible in an industry that is widely distributed among many small producers. And what should we build with wood? Are skyscrapers in timber a good use of this natural resource, or are there other aspects of civil and structural engineering, or large-scale infrastructure, that would be a better use of wood? Here, we consider a holistic picture ranging in scale from the science of the cell wall to the engineering and global policies that could maximise forestry and timber construction as a boon to both people and the planet.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Complements of linear subspaces.
- Author
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Tingley, D.
- Subjects
- *
MATHEMATICS - Abstract
Uses a modification of an earlier method (A. Todd's `Covers by Linear Subspaces') to obtain similar results whenever the cardinality of the underlying field is greater than the cardinality of the collection of subspaces in question. Todd had shown that a finite dimensional linear space over an uncountable field has no countable cover by proper linear subspaces.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. The current in bare circular loop antennas in a dissipative medium.
- Author
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King, R., Harrison, C., and Tingley, D.
- Published
- 1965
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. THE ADMITTANCE OF BARE CIRCULAR LOOP ANTENNAS IN A DISSIPATIVE MEDIUM
- Author
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HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA CRUFT LAB, King, R. W., Harrison, C. W., Jr., Tingley, D. G., HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA CRUFT LAB, King, R. W., Harrison, C. W., Jr., and Tingley, D. G.
- Abstract
The normalized input admittance of thin bare circular loop antennas is evaluated from the theory of T. T. Wu. Computations are made for loops in air and in an infinite homogeneous isotropic dissipative medium. A comparison is also made with Storer's theory of the loop. Numerical results are given in the form of graphs for several wire sizes and for loops up to 2.5 wavelengths in circumference. The properties of the medium are represented by the ratio alpha/ beta in the range from zero (perfect dielectric) to one (good conductor); alpha and beta are the imaginary and real parts of the complex propagation constant k=beta - j alpha = omega square root of (mu (epsilon - j sigma/omega) where mu is the permeability, epsilon the dielectric constant and sigma the conductivity of the medium.
- Published
- 1963
33. The wood from the trees: The use of timber in construction
- Author
-
Ramage, Michael, Burridge, H, Busse-Wicher, M, Fereday, G, Reynolds, T, Shah, Darshil, Wu, Guanglu, Yu, L, Fleming, P, Densley-Tingley, D, Allwood, Julian M., Dupree, Paul, Linden, Paul, and Scherman, Oren
- Subjects
13. Climate action ,11. Sustainability ,15. Life on land ,7. Clean energy - Abstract
Trees, and their derivative products, have been used by societies around the world for thousands of years. Contemporary construction of tall buildings from timber, in whole or in part, suggests a growing interest in the potential for building with wood at a scale not previously attainable. As wood is the only significant building material that is grown, we have a natural inclination that building in wood is good for the environment. But under what conditions is this really the case? The environmental benefits of using timber are not straightforward; although it is a natural product, a large amount of energy is used to dry and process it. Much of this can come from the biomass of the tree itself, but that requires investment in plant, which is not always possible in an industry that is widely distributed among many small producers. And what should we build with wood? Are skyscrapers in timber a good use of this natural resource, or are there other aspects of civil and structural engineering, or large-scale infrastructure, that would be a better use of wood? Here, we consider a holistic picture ranging in scale from the science of the cell wall to the engineering and global policies that could maximise forestry and timber construction as a boon to both people and the planet., This work was funded in major part by a Leverhulme Trust Programme Grant. Additional support comes from the EPSRC (UK)EP/K011774/1 (Allwood and Densley-Tingley) and NSERC (Canada) (Fleming).
34. The wood from the trees: The use of timber in construction
- Author
-
Ramage, MH, Burridge, H, Busse-Wicher, M, Fereday, G, Reynolds, T, Shah, DU, Wu, G, Yu, L, Fleming, P, Densley-Tingley, D, Allwood, J, Dupree, P, Linden, PF, and Scherman, O
- Subjects
Wood cell biology ,Timber supply chain ,Engineered wood products ,13. Climate action ,11. Sustainability ,Wood modification ,15. Life on land ,7. Clean energy ,Embodied energy ,End-of-life - Abstract
Trees, and their derivative products, have been used by societies around the world for thousands of years. Contemporary construction of tall buildings from timber, in whole or in part, suggests a growing interest in the potential for building with wood at a scale not previously attainable. As wood is the only significant building material that is grown, we have a natural inclination that building in wood is good for the environment. But under what conditions is this really the case? The environmental benefits of using timber are not straightforward; although it is a natural product, a large amount of energy is used to dry and process it. Much of this can come from the biomass of the tree itself, but that requires investment in plant, which is not always possible in an industry that is widely distributed among many small producers. And what should we build with wood? Are skyscrapers in timber a good use of this natural resource, or are there other aspects of civil and structural engineering, or large-scale infrastructure, that would be a better use of wood? Here, we consider a holistic picture ranging in scale from the science of the cell wall to the engineering and global policies that could maximise forestry and timber construction as a boon to both people and the planet., This work was funded in major part by a Leverhulme Trust Programme Grant. Additional support comes from the EPSRC (UK)EP/K011774/1 (Allwood and Densley-Tingley) and NSERC (Canada) (Fleming)., This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Elsevier via https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.09.107
35. Understanding and overcoming the barriers to structural steel reuse, a UK perspective
- Author
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Densley Tingley, D, Cooper, S, and Cullen, J
- Subjects
Circular economy ,Sustainability ,13. Climate action ,Embodied carbon ,11. Sustainability ,Steel reuse ,Barriers ,12. Responsible consumption ,Construction - Abstract
To meet greenhouse gas emission targets, at global, national and sector level, reduction opportunities should be explored in both the embodied and operational carbon of the built environment. One underexploited option to reduce embodied carbon is the reuse of structural steel. However, in the UK, work by Sansom and Avery (2014) suggests a picture of declining levels of reuse. This paper explores why this is the case by identifying the practical barriers to structural steel reuse through a series of semi-structured interviews with UK construction industry members. Whilst there were many identified barriers, five practical barriers were prioritised as being most significant: cost, availability/storage, no client demand, traceability and supply chain gaps/lack of integration. These contrast with those most commonly identified in global literature: cost, supply chain gaps/integration, risk, jointing technique, composite construction and time for deconstruction; with only two overlaps: cost and supply chain gaps/integration. Many of the barriers from literature have a technical focus (reducing salvage yield rather than completely preventing reuse) differing from the largely systemic barriers that the interviews prioritised. These systemic barriers will need to be dealt with first to increase reuse rates. This will require a coordinated approach across the UK construction supply chain. Building on interview insights, this paper proposes four mechanisms to overcome these systemic barriers: (1) the creation of a database of suppliers/reused section availability, (2) a demonstration of client demand (3) technical guidance and education for the construction industry and (4) government leadership. Together these mechanisms would improve reuse rates in the UK, reduce the embodied emissions of the built environment and play a crucial role in meeting greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets.
36. Keeping up with the cancer literature--PDQ ACCESS.
- Author
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Perry, D J, primary, Sloane, E M, additional, Hubbard, S M, additional, Tingley, D E, additional, and DeVita, V T, additional
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Stress ethylene evolution: A measure of ozone effects on plants
- Author
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Field, R. W., Standley, C., and Tingley, D. T.
- Subjects
PLANTS - Published
- 1976
38. Redefine statistical significance
- Author
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Nyhan, Brendan, Sinclair, Betsy, Ioannidis, John, Held , Leonhard, Green, Ed, Hruschka, Daniel, Van Zandt, Trisha, Fehr, Ernst, Ho, Teck, Johnson, Valen, Zinman, Jonathan, Young, Cristobal, Xie, Yu, Wolpert, Robert, Winship, Christopher, Watts , Duncan, Vazire, Simine, Tingley, Dustin, Sellke, Thomas, Schönbrodt, Felix, Savalei, Victoria, Rousseau, Judith, Rouder , Jeffrey, Perugini, Marco, Pericchi, Luis, Parker , Timothy, Nakagawa , Shinichi, Munafo, Marcus, Morgan, Stephen, Moore, Don, Mccarthy, Michael, Maxwell, Scott, Machery , Edouard, Lupia , Arthur, Little, Roderick, List, John, Laibson, David, Kirchler , Michael, Jeon, Minjeong, Imbens, Guido, Imai, Kosuke, Jones, James, Hoijtink , Herbert, Hedges, Larry, Hadfield, Jarrod, Greenwald , Anthony, Green , Don, Goodman, Steve, Gonzalez, Richard, George, Ed, Forster, Malcolm, Field, Andy, Fidler , Fiona, Efferson, Charles, Easwaran, Kenny, Dreber, Anna, Dienes, Zoltan, De Boeck , Paul, Cook, Tom, Clyde, Merlise, Chambers , Christopher, Cesarini, David, Camerer , Colin, Brown, Lawrence, Brembs, Björn, Bollen, Kenneth, Berk, Richard, Wagenmakers , Eric-Jan, Nosek , Brian, Johannesson , Magnus, Berger, James, Benjamin , Daniel, Schönbrodt , Felix, Munafo , Marcus, Moore , Don, Schoenbrodt, Felix, Professor, Andy, Dreber , Anna, Leerstoel Hoijtink, Methodology and statistics for the behavioural and social sciences, Benjamin, D, Berger, J, Johannesson, M, Nosek, B, Wagenmakers, E, Berk, R, Bollen, K, Brembs, B, Brown, L, Camerer, C, Cesarini, D, Chambers, C, Clyde, M, Cook, T, De Boeck, P, Dienes, Z, Dreber, A, Easwaran, K, Efferson, C, Fehr, E, Fidler, F, Field, A, Forster, M, George, E, Gonzalez, R, Goodman, S, Green, E, Green, D, Greenwald, A, Hadfield, J, Hedges, L, Held, L, Hua Ho, T, Hoijtink, H, Hruschka, D, Imai, K, Imbens, G, Ioannidis, J, Jeon, M, Jones, J, Kirchler, M, Laibson, D, List, J, Little, R, Lupia, A, Machery, E, Maxwell, S, Mccarthy, M, Moore, D, Morgan, S, Munafó, M, Nakagawa, S, Nyhan, B, Parker, T, Pericchi, L, Perugini, M, Rouder, J, Rousseau, J, Savalei, V, Schönbrodt, F, Sellke, T, Sinclair, B, Tingley, D, Van Zandt, T, Vazire, S, Watts, D, Winship, C, Wolpert, R, Xie, Y, Young, C, Zinman, J, and Johnson, V
- Subjects
Data Interpretation ,Social Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods|Mathematical Psychology ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Psychology|Quantitative Psychology ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,Brain and Behaviour ,Scholarly communication ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods|Experimental Design and Sample Surveys ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods|Quantitative Psychology ,Models ,Statistical significance ,Econometrics ,Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods|Statistical Methods ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,p-value ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,statistical significance ,Replication crisis ,Models, Statistical ,05 social sciences ,Tobacco and Alcohol ,Data interpretation ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods|Computational Modeling ,Reproducibility of Results ,Quantitative Psychology ,Statistical ,Data science ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods|Psychometrics ,Scholarly Communication ,FOS: Psychology ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences ,Data Interpretation, Statistical ,bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences ,PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences|Quantitative Methods ,sense organs ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
"We propose to change the default P-value threshold forstatistical significance for claims of new discoveries from 0.05 to 0.005."
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- 2018
39. The Admittance of Bare Circular Loop Antennas in a Dissipative Medium
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Tingley, D.
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- 1963
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40. Investigating Egocentric Tuning in Hippocampal CA1 Neurons.
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Carpenter J, Blackstad JS, Tingley D, Normand VA, Moser EI, Moser MB, and Dunn BA
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- Animals, Rats, Male, Neurons physiology, Action Potentials physiology, Space Perception physiology, Place Cells physiology, Spatial Navigation physiology, CA1 Region, Hippocampal physiology, CA1 Region, Hippocampal cytology, Rats, Long-Evans
- Abstract
Navigation requires integrating sensory information with a stable schema to create a dynamic map of an animal's position using egocentric and allocentric coordinate systems. In the hippocampus, place cells encode allocentric space, but their firing rates may also exhibit directional tuning within egocentric or allocentric reference frames. We compared experimental and simulated data to assess the prevalence of tuning to egocentric bearing (EB) among hippocampal cells in rats foraging in an open field. Using established procedures, we confirmed egocentric modulation of place cell activity in recorded data; however, simulated data revealed a high false-positive rate (FPR). When we accounted for false positives by comparing with shuffled data that retain correlations between the animal's direction and position, only a very low number of hippocampal neurons appeared modulated by EB. Our study highlights biases affecting FPRs and provides insights into the challenges of identifying egocentric modulation in hippocampal neurons., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests., (Copyright © 2024 the authors.)
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- 2024
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41. Is the Invisibility of Dementia a Super-Power or a Curse? A Reflection on the SUNshiners' Questionnaire into the Public Understanding of Dementia as an Invisible Disability: A User-Led Research Project.
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Tingley D, Ashworth R, Torres Sanchez D, Mac Mahon GH, Kusel Y, Rae BM, Shorthouse T, Bartley A, Howell G, and Hurley J
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- Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Female, Male, Aged, Middle Aged, Adult, Disabled Persons psychology, Aged, 80 and over, Young Adult, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Dementia psychology
- Abstract
The SUNshiners group includes people in the early stages of dementia with an interest in dementia activism and research. The group found that despite the growing awareness of invisible disabilities, there is very limited research into the pros and cons of the invisibility of dementia. Our paper explores the SUNshiners research which stemmed from varied individual experiences of disclosing diagnoses. The group designed and developed a short survey to explore what the public knew about dementia and what they thought about the invisibility of dementia. A mixture of open- and closed-ended questions were used to gain meaningful data. A total of 347 people completed the survey (315 online and 32 paper-based), which was then co-analysed. The findings suggest that the majority of the public felt that the invisibility of dementia was negative; that knowing someone had dementia when first meeting them would be beneficial; that people living with dementia should maintain the right to vote; and that people living with dementia do not automatically require a consistent, regular carer. Common themes from the open-ended answers included capacity, severity of dementia, and access to support. The findings support the disclosure of dementia diagnosis; however, more action is needed to tackle stigmatised views, particularly as the SUNshiners felt that people do not have enough dementia education to support a positive disclosure experience. They shared their experiences of the group and the project's benefits, but also the losses they have faced. Our paper aims to be as accessible as possible.
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- 2024
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42. High-fat diet feeding disrupts the coupling of thermoregulation to energy homeostasis.
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Deem JD, Tingley D, Watts CA, Ogimoto K, Bryan CL, Phan BAN, Damian V, Bruchas MR, Scarlett JM, Schwartz MW, and Morton GJ
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- Mice, Animals, Agouti-Related Protein metabolism, Body Temperature Regulation, Homeostasis, Diet, High-Fat adverse effects, Obesity metabolism
- Abstract
Objective: Preserving core body temperature across a wide range of ambient temperatures requires adaptive changes of thermogenesis that must be offset by corresponding changes of energy intake if body fat stores are also to be preserved. Among neurons implicated in the integration of thermoregulation with energy homeostasis are those that express both neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) (referred to herein as AgRP neurons). Specifically, cold-induced activation of AgRP neurons was recently shown to be required for cold exposure to increase food intake in mice. Here, we investigated how consuming a high-fat diet (HFD) impacts various adaptive responses to cold exposure as well as the responsiveness of AgRP neurons to cold., Methods: To test this, we used immunohistochemistry, in vivo fiber photometry and indirect calorimetry for continuous measures of core temperature, energy expenditure, and energy intake in both chow- and HFD-fed mice housed at different ambient temperatures., Results: We show that while both core temperature and the thermogenic response to cold are maintained normally in HFD-fed mice, the increase of energy intake needed to preserve body fat stores is blunted, resulting in weight loss. Using both immunohistochemistry and in vivo fiber photometry, we show that although cold-induced AgRP neuron activation is detected regardless of diet, the number of cold-responsive neurons appears to be blunted in HFD-fed mice., Conclusions: We conclude that HFD-feeding disrupts the integration of systems governing thermoregulation and energy homeostasis that protect body fat mass during cold exposure., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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43. Identification of Hypothalamic Glucoregulatory Neurons That Sense and Respond to Changes in Glycemia.
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Deem JD, Tingley D, Bjerregaard AM, Secher A, Chan O, Uzo C, Richardson NE, Giering E, Doan T, Phan BA, Wu B, Scarlett JM, Morton GJ, and Schwartz MW
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- Mice, Animals, Adenylyl Cyclases, Hypothalamus, Glucose, Neurons physiology, Peptides, Blood Glucose analysis, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
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To investigate whether glucoregulatory neurons in the hypothalamus can sense and respond to physiological variation in the blood glucose (BG) level, we combined continuous arterial glucose monitoring with continuous measures of the activity of a specific subset of neurons located in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus that express pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (VMNPACAP neurons) obtained using fiber photometry. Data were collected in conscious, free-living mice during a 1-h baseline monitoring period and a subsequent 2-h intervention period during which the BG level was raised either by consuming a chow or a high-sucrose meal or by intraperitoneal glucose injection. Cross-correlation analysis revealed that, following a 60- to 90-s delay, interventions that raise the BG level reliably associate with reduced VMNPACAP neuron activity (P < 0.01). In addition, a strong positive correlation between BG and spontaneous VMNPACAP neuron activity was observed under basal conditions but with a much longer (∼25 min) temporal offset, consistent with published evidence that VMNPACAP neuron activation raises the BG level. Together, these findings are suggestive of a closed-loop system whereby VMNPACAP neuron activation increases the BG level; detection of a rising BG level, in turn, feeds back to inhibit these neurons. To our knowledge, these findings constitute the first evidence of a role in glucose homeostasis for glucoregulatory neurocircuits that, like pancreatic β-cells, sense and respond to physiological variation in glycemia., Article Highlights: By combining continuous arterial glucose monitoring with fiber photometry, studies investigated whether neurons in the murine ventromedial nucleus that express pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (VMNPACAP neurons) detect and respond to changes in glycemia in vivo. VMNPACAP neuron activity rapidly decreases (within <2 min) when the blood glucose level is raised by either food consumption or glucose administration. Spontaneous VMNPACAP neuron activity also correlates positively with glycemia, but with a longer temporal offset, consistent with reports that hyperglycemia is induced by experimental activation of these neurons. Like pancreatic β-cells, neurons in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus appear to sense and respond to physiological variation in glycemia., (© 2023 by the American Diabetes Association.)
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- 2023
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44. Cognition from the Body-Brain Partnership: Exaptation of Memory.
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Buzsáki G and Tingley D
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- Animals, Humans, Cognition, Hippocampus physiology, Sleep physiology
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Examination of cognition has historically been approached from language and introspection. However, human language-dependent definitions ignore the evolutionary roots of brain mechanisms and constrain their study in experimental animals. We promote an alternative view, namely that cognition, including memory, can be explained by exaptation and expansion of the circuits and algorithms serving bodily functions. Regulation and protection of metabolic and energetic processes require time-evolving brain computations enabling the organism to prepare for altered future states. Exaptation of such circuits was likely exploited for exploration of the organism's niche. We illustrate that exploration gives rise to a cognitive map, and in turn, environment-disengaged computation allows for mental travel into the past (memory) and the future (planning). Such brain-body interactions not only occur during waking but also persist during sleep. These exaptation steps are illustrated by the dual, endocrine-homeostatic and memory, contributions of the hippocampal system, particularly during hippocampal sharp-wave ripples.
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- 2023
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45. Action-driven remapping of hippocampal neuronal populations in jumping rats.
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Green L, Tingley D, Rinzel J, and Buzsáki G
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- Animals, Electrophysiology, Neurons cytology, Neurons physiology, Rats, Hippocampus cytology, Hippocampus physiology, Motor Activity physiology
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The current dominant view of the hippocampus is that it is a navigation "device" guided by environmental inputs. Yet, a critical aspect of navigation is a sequence of planned, coordinated actions. We examined the role of action in the neuronal organization of the hippocampus by training rats to jump a gap on a linear track. Recording local field potentials and ensembles of single units in the hippocampus, we found that jumping produced a stereotypic behavior associated with consistent electrophysiological patterns, including phase reset of theta oscillations, predictable global firing-rate changes, and population vector shifts of hippocampal neurons. A subset of neurons ("jump cells") were systematically affected by the gap but only in one direction of travel. Novel place fields emerged and others were either boosted or attenuated by jumping, yet the theta spike phase versus animal position relationship remained unaltered. Thus, jumping involves an action plan for the animal to traverse the same route as without jumping, which is faithfully tracked by hippocampal neuronal activity.
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- 2022
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46. A metabolic function of the hippocampal sharp wave-ripple.
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Tingley D, McClain K, Kaya E, Carpenter J, and Buzsáki G
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- Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 metabolism, Hypothalamus metabolism, Optogenetics, Pharmacogenetics, Rats, Rats, Long-Evans, Septal Nuclei metabolism, Sleep, Time Factors, Glucose metabolism, Hippocampus metabolism, Homeostasis
- Abstract
The hippocampus has previously been implicated in both cognitive and endocrine functions
1-15 . We simultaneously measured electrophysiological activity from the hippocampus and interstitial glucose concentrations in the body of freely behaving rats to identify an activity pattern that may link these disparate functions of the hippocampus. Here we report that clusters of sharp wave-ripples recorded from the hippocampus reliably predicted a decrease in peripheral glucose concentrations within about 10 min. This correlation was not dependent on circadian, ultradian or meal-triggered fluctuations, could be mimicked with optogenetically induced ripples in the hippocampus (but not in the parietal cortex) and was attenuated to chance levels by pharmacogenetically suppressing activity of the lateral septum, which is the major conduit between the hippocampus and the hypothalamus. Our findings demonstrate that a function of the sharp wave-ripple is to modulate peripheral glucose homeostasis, and offer a mechanism for the link between sleep disruption and blood glucose dysregulation in type 2 diabetes16-18 ., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)- Published
- 2021
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47. Scaling up behavioral science interventions in online education.
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Kizilcec RF, Reich J, Yeomans M, Dann C, Brunskill E, Lopez G, Turkay S, Williams JJ, and Tingley D
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- Behavior, Goals, Humans, Internet, Research, Students psychology, Behavioral Sciences methods, Education, Distance
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Online education is rapidly expanding in response to rising demand for higher and continuing education, but many online students struggle to achieve their educational goals. Several behavioral science interventions have shown promise in raising student persistence and completion rates in a handful of courses, but evidence of their effectiveness across diverse educational contexts is limited. In this study, we test a set of established interventions over 2.5 y, with one-quarter million students, from nearly every country, across 247 online courses offered by Harvard, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Stanford. We hypothesized that the interventions would produce medium-to-large effects as in prior studies, but this is not supported by our results. Instead, using an iterative scientific process of cyclically preregistering new hypotheses in between waves of data collection, we identified individual, contextual, and temporal conditions under which the interventions benefit students. Self-regulation interventions raised student engagement in the first few weeks but not final completion rates. Value-relevance interventions raised completion rates in developing countries to close the global achievement gap, but only in courses with a global gap. We found minimal evidence that state-of-the-art machine learning methods can forecast the occurrence of a global gap or learn effective individualized intervention policies. Scaling behavioral science interventions across various online learning contexts can reduce their average effectiveness by an order-of-magnitude. However, iterative scientific investigations can uncover what works where for whom., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest., (Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
- Published
- 2020
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48. On the methods for reactivation and replay analysis.
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Tingley D and Peyrache A
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- Animals, Memory Consolidation physiology, Neurophysiology methods, Rats physiology
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A major task in the history of neurophysiology has been to relate patterns of neural activity to ongoing external stimuli. More recently, this approach has branched out to relating current neural activity patterns to external stimuli or experiences that occurred in the past or future. Here, we aim to review the large body of methodological approaches used towards this goal, and to assess the assumptions each makes with reference to the statistics of neural data that are commonly observed. These methods primarily fall into two categories, those that quantify zero-lag relationships without examining temporal evolution, termed reactivation , and those that quantify the temporal structure of changing activity patterns, termed replay . However, no two studies use the exact same approach, which prevents an unbiased comparison between findings. These observations should instead be validated by multiple and, if possible, previously established tests. This will help the community to speak a common language and will eventually provide tools to study, more generally, the organization of neuronal patterns in the brain. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Memory reactivation: replaying events past, present and future'.
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- 2020
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49. On the use of random graphs in analysing resource utilization in urban systems.
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Arbabi H, Punzo G, Meyers G, Tan LM, Li Q, Densley Tingley D, and Mayfield M
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Urban resource models increasingly rely on implicit network formulations. Resource consumption behaviours documented in the existing empirical studies are ultimately by-products of the network abstractions underlying these models. Here, we present an analytical formulation and examination of a generic demand-driven network model that accounts for the effectiveness of resource utilization and its implications for policy levers in addressing resource management in cities. We establish simple limiting boundaries to systems' resource effectiveness. These limits are found not to be a function of system size and to be simply determined by the system's average ability to maintain resource quality through its transformation processes. We also show that resource utilization in itself does not enjoy considerable size efficiencies with larger and more diverse systems only offering increased chances of finding matching demand and supply between existing sectors in the system., Competing Interests: We declare we have no competing interests., (© 2020 The Authors.)
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- 2020
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50. Variable specificity of memory trace reactivation during hippocampal sharp wave ripples.
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Swanson RA, Levenstein D, McClain K, Tingley D, and Buzsáki G
- Abstract
Hippocampal sharp wave-ripples (SWR) are thought to mediate brain-wide reactivation of memory traces in service of memory consolidation. However, rather than the faithful replay of neural activity observed during a specific experience, reactivation in both the hippocampus and downstream regions is more variable. We suggest that variable reactivation is a unifying feature of recurrent brain circuits. In the hippocampus, self-organized activation during offline states is constrained by existing attractor manifolds, or maps, and may be biased toward particular mapped locations by salient experience, which results in the appearance of experience-specific replay. Similarly, the impact of SWR-associated reactivation on downstream regions is not a simple transfer of hippocampal representational content. Rather, the response of downstream regions depends on a transformation function, defined by both the feedforward and local circuit architecture, as well as the 'listening state' of the downstream region. We hypothesize that SWRs act as a multiplexed signal, the mnemonic specificity of which is largely determined by this transformation function, and discuss the implications of this framing for theories of systems consolidation., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest statement Nothing declared.
- Published
- 2020
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