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Pelecanus paranensis sp. nov., a new pelican (Aves, Pelecanidae) from the marine Upper Miocene Paraná Formation, which crops out in the Province of Entre Ríos, Argentina, is described. This record constitutes the first report of a fossil pelican from Argentina and the southernmost from South America. The holotypical specimen consists of a very large and nearly complete pelvis, which is characterized by having the cristae iliacae dorsales continuous throughout its entire length and a large foramen acetabuli. The U-shaped morphology of the postacetabular section of the pelvis of the new species as well as the wide incisura sutura iliosynsacralis, allow to infer its phylogenetic position within the New World pelican species clade, showing a close relationship with the clade (P. occidentalis + P. thagus). A probable transAtlantic dispersal route for the ancestor of the New World pelicans is thus inferred. The inland Paranaense Sea, which flooded the South American Chaco-Paraná basin during the mid-Neogene, is proposed as a south-north pathway for ancestral forms of the clade (P. occidentalis + P. thagus). These regressive marine paleoenvironments of the Late Miocene may have acted as the evolutionary driver for the transition of pelican species from brackish or freshwater habitats to those inhabiting strictly marine coastlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the first record of an extinct procyonid for Bolivia (Tariquía Formation, La Angostura, Santa Cruz de La Sierra; Late Miocene). It corresponds to Cyonasua , the first Carnivore taxon to enter South America from North America before the Paniamian Isthmus raised and as a part of the "proto Great American Biotic Interchange" (GABI). Cyonasua fossil record, comprises the temporal lapse late Miocene to early Pleistocene in several localities of Argentina, Venezuela and Uruguay. This genus encompasses ten formally named species: C. argentina , C. brevirostris , C. longirostris , C. pascuali , C. groeberi , C. lutaria , C. clausa , C. robusta , C. argentines , and C. meranii. The mandible and teeth preserved of the new specimen, YPFBLIT-PAL-020, allows us to assign it to Cyonasua cf. C. pascuali. This record reinforces the paleoenvironment with warm climates and humid environments with abundant water bodies, vegetation and trees proposed previously for Tariquia Fm. Also, the proposed Huayquerian Age for this Formation is supported by this record. • On this contribution we present the first record of an extinct procyonid for Bolivia (Tariquía Formation, La Angostura, Santa Cruz de La Sierra; Late Miocene). • It corresponds to Cyonasua, the first Carnivore taxon to enter South America from North America before the Paniamian Isthmus raised and as a part of the "proto Great American Biotic Interchange" (GABI). • Cyonasua fossil record, comprises the temporal lapse late Miocene to early Pleistocene in several localities of Argentina, Venezuela and Uruguay. • The mandible and teeth preserved of the new specimen, YPFBLIT-PAL-020, allows us to assign it to Cyonasua cf. C. pascuali. • This record reinforces the paleoenvironment with warm climates and humid environments with abundant water bodies, vegetation and trees proposed previously for Tariquia Fm. • Also, the proposed Huayquerian Age for this Formation is supported by this record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]