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In arid regions like Tindouf, Algeria, the availability of water is crucial for the stability and sustainable development of local populations. This study investigates the groundwater sources in the Tindouf region, examining their flow rates, aquifer thickness, and water quality. We collected and analyzed water samples from boreholes with flow rates ranging from 0.5 to 13 l/s and found that the average aquifer thickness is between 80 and 100 m. Our chemical analysis reveals that the water is mainly characterized by calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate facies. Furthermore, the groundwater quality in the study area meets the World Health Organization and Algerian drinking water standards. Our findings have important implications for the sustainable development of the Tindouf region and highlight the need for effective management of groundwater resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The city of Tindouf is characterized by the frequency of flood zones which dangerously affect many densely populated neighbourhoods. These sites affected by major floods during thunderstorms and display great vulnerability for a population of 75,000 inhabitants, but also no less than 15,000 constructions threatened with ruins: by the extent of the spectacular damage to constructions. The city of Tindouf offers all the conditions of high potential for habitat degradation in Algeria. Floods originate from meteorological and/or hydrological events of a stochastic nature are very difficult to predict as to their return period and their intensity. A methodological approach on the old agglomerations grouping the districts [Remadine - Moussani - Guessabi] thus making it possible to delimit the vulnerable zones and to propose urban developments for their protections. The results obtained show the spatial distribution of the vulnerability of historic districts and propose a conservation approach for sustainable development.

The Argan is a multipurpose tree, endemic of South-west of Morocco and Algeria. It populates the Sahara and gives it a very particular physiognomy which is that of the sparse forest. The argan forest is a patchwork of species occupying distinct environmental niches across the Hamada of the Southwest region of Algeria. It covers a region characterized by the aridity of the climate and extreme xericity with geological and pedological diversity that are the source of the broad range of magnificent landscapes (Hamada, wetlands, escarpments, wadis, Regs, mountains). The association of plants with landscapes, reveals an environmental heterogeneity influencing the richness in species and allowing a dynamic and development of a diversified floristic cover mainly xerophilic and thermophilic. The originality of its flora is ascribed to the presence of Saharo-sindian elements, Mediterranean and endemic. This particular diversity is due to its biological characterization, systematic and phytogeographic. Unfortunately, this ecosystem and its potential for biological resources are today highly threatened and face degradation from disturbances and uncontrolled exploitation of the plant environment by anthropogenic activities, that requires the development of a preservation strategy. Our work emphasizes the importance of this genetic heritage and its original ecosystem, where the preservation must be secured through the establishment of a strict protection system of species throughout their natural range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Algerian Journal of Arid Environment (AJAE) is the property of University of Kasdi Merbah Ouargla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The hydrogeological environment of the Saharan North East region of Tindouf is of utmost interest, particularly in agriculture. In fact, exploitation and exploration processes must be analysed to ensure sufficient water production. This study demonstrates the value of spatial processing and exploitation of geoelectric and geological data in the study area and facilitates interpretation. The results of the electrical survey and the spatial analysis of the data allowed us to design a complete model that met the needs of hydrogeology. The applied methodology consists in breaking down our subject into three (3) classes of entities: geomatics, geophysics and hydrogeology. Synthetic mapping based on continuity is the result of studying two sites (Hassi Naga and Hassi Khebi) for geological analysis. Knowing that the electrical resistivity is between 0 and 3000 Ohm-meter, we were able to construct thematic maps showing the spatial distribution of the facies and the probable positions of the boreholes. The study provided with a geo-spatial model highlighting the impact of measurements in hydrogeology of the area considered that was called SIHE (Information System for Environmental Hydrogeology). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Introduction. L’huile d’argan algérienne, provenant de la région de Tindouf (Extrême sud-ouest algérien), est une huile non valorisée jusqu’à l’heure actuelle. Objectif. L’huile d’argan algérienne extraite par méthode traditionnelle est comparée avec l’huile d’argan marocaine, obtenue par presse mécanique, dans le but d’étudier ses qualités pour une éventuelle valorisation. Matériels et méthodes. Les caractéristiques physico-chimiques, la composition en acides gras (AG) et en stérols sont déterminées, puis les activités antioxydantes et antimicrobiennes des fractions saponifiable et insaponifiable sont étudiées. Résultats. L’huile algérienne est une huile vierge fine, très riche en acide linoléique (35% pour l’huile algérienne et 28% pour l’huile marocaine) et β-sitostérol (64% pour l’huile algérienne et 59% pour l’huile marocaine), caractérisée par une faible teneur en chlorophylles (1,3 et 1,8 mg phéophytine/kg d’huile respectivement pour l’huile algérienne et celle marocaine) et un faible coefficient d’extinction spécifique (K232=1,15 pour l’huile algérienne et 2,34 pour l’huile marocaine). Les résultats des activités antioxydantes ont montré que la fraction insaponifiable pour les deux huiles est plus active, notamment contre le radical DPPH et le blanchiment de la β-carotène. Quant à l’activité antibactérienne, l’huile marocaine a révélé une activité contre trois bactéries et l’huile algérienne contre un champignon. Conclusion. Il convient de considérer l’huile d’argan artisanale algérienne, non encore valorisée, comme une huile prometteuse tout comme l’huile industrielle marocaine. [Abstract. Introduction. Algerian argan oil, from the region of Tindouf (far south-west of Algeria), is an oil that has not been upgraded until now. Objective. The Algerian argan oil extracted by traditional method was compared with a Moroccan oil obtained by mechanical press, in order to study its qualities for a possible valorization. Material and methods. The physicochemical characteristics, the fatty acid and sterol composition were determined, and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the saponifiable and unsaponifiable fractions were studied. Results. The results showed that the Algerian oil, was a fine virgin oil rich in linoleic acid (35% for algerian oil, and 28% for the moroccan), and β-sitosterol (64% for algerian oil and 59% for the moroccan), characterized by a low chlorophyll content (1.3 and 1.8 mg pheophytin/kg oil, respectively for algerian and moroccan oil) and a low specific extinction coefficient (K232=1.15 for algerian oil and 2.34 for the moroccan). The results of the antioxidant activities showed that the unsaponifiable fraction, for the both oils, was more active, in particular against the DPPH radical and the bleaching of β-carotene. As for the antibacterial activity, the Moroccan oil revealed an activity against three bacteria, and the Algerian oil against a fungi. Conclusion. The Algerian artisanal argan oil, not yet valued, should be considered a promising oil as the Moroccan industrial oil.]

Occurring in a limited biogeographical region in North Western Africa, the Argan treeArgania spinosa(L.) Skeels grows in extreme ecological conditions. The aim of the present work is mapping the natural extension of the species in Tindouf (Algeria) and in the Western Sahara. Our work adopts cartographic processing by GIS (Geographic Information System). To delimit the natural distribution of the species in Tindouf in Algeria, we localized argan tree distribution by GPS (global positioning system) in 2008, 2009 and 2012. In this region, the Argan tree occupies dry river banks towards the western side of the Draa Hamada. It is found at an altitude that ranges between 254 and 634 m above sea level, spreading over a surface of 50,670 hectares. For remote areas in the south, we adopted a toponymical study in order to prove its existence in Western Sahara. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the recent years, scientific research focused on the bioactive compounds of plants that are intended for phytopharmaceutical use. Much research has highlighted the role of the oxidative phenomenon in the initiation of disease. Consequently, the selection of traditional plants to discover of new drugs presents a great importance, in this context, the present study aims to measure the antioxidant activity of a medicinal plant "Anastatica hierochuntica L." in the region of Tindouf (Far Southwest of Algeria). The study of antioxidant potency by DPPH method of three macerates of A.hierochuntica L., showed that aqueous and methanolic macerates presented interesting antioxidant activities expressed by the IC50 giving the results 0,143±0,0074 and 0,257±0,012mg/ml respectively. In addition, the methanolic macerate of the stems presented a medium activity estimated at 0,358 ± 0,158mg/ml. However, the aqueous and etheric macerates of the stems have given a very low antioxidant activity revealed by the values 1,0290 ± 0,115 and 2,08 ± 0,130 mg/ml, respectively. These preliminary results have allowed us to predict that natural substances in the plant can be considered as important source of compounds with significant antioxidant properties, which suggests their application in pharmaceutical and food industry could be quite accurate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Carboniferous succession in the Tindouf Basin of southern Morocco, North Africa, displays Mississippian to Early Pennsylvanian marine beds, followed by Pennsylvanian continental deposits. The marine beds comprise a shallow water cyclic platform sequence, dominated by shales and fine-grained sandstones with thin but laterally persistent limestone/dolostone beds. Foraminiferal assemblages have been studied in the limestone beds in several sections from the Djebel Ouarkziz range in the northern limb of the Tindouf Syncline; they indicate that the age of the limestones range from late Asbian (late Viséan) to Krasnopolyanian (early Bashkirian). The foraminiferal assemblages are abundant and diverse, and much richer in diversity than those suggested by previous studies in the region, as well as for other areas of the western Palaeotethys. The richest assemblages are recorded in the Serpukhovian but, unusually, they contain several taxa which appear much earlier in Western European basins (in the latest Viséan). In contrast, conodont assemblages are scarce due to the shallow-water facies, although some important taxa are recorded in the youngest limestones. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

King Hassan II of Morocco (1961–1999) redirected his country's foreign policy from a neutralist stance opted for by his father, Muhammad V (1956–1961), towards a definite pro-Western orientation. To study the evolution of Hassan II's early years of foreign policy and his relations with the USA, this article analyses the role played by the Kennedy administration during the Algerian–Moroccan conflict of 1963 known as the ‘War of the Sands’. It explains the objectives and the limitations of the US foreign policy-making process towards this border war based upon diplomatic documentation from the American, British, French, and Spanish governments. First, it examines the approach of the government of the USA as it became concerned about the internationalisation of the conflict – the war received special attention from the White House as soon as it became connected with Middle East events through the presence in Algerian territory of Egyptian military personnel sent by Gamal Abdel Nasser, and with Latin America via the military assistance provided by Cuba. Second, this work's findings prove that the USA did not become directly involved despite Morocco's requests. Rather, it pressed for a mediated solution. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Abstract: In this study, we present a statistical analysis of wind speeds at Tindouf in Algeria using Risoe National Laboratory''s Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP). It requires information related to the sheltering obstacles, surface roughness changes and terrain height variations in order to calculate their effects on the wind. Wind data, consisting of hourly wind speed records over a 5-year period, 2002–2006, were obtained from SONELGAZ R&D Office; the average wind speed at a height of 17m above ground level was found to range from 7.19 to 7.95m/s. The Weibull distributions parameters (c and k) were found to vary between 8.0 and 8.9m/s and 2.54–3.23, respectively, with average power density ranging from 318 to 458W/m2. The dominant wind directions and the frequency distributions were also determined. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]