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Objective: To investigate the effect of splint combined with PRP injection in the treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. Methods: Ninety-three patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis were retrospectively analysed. They were divided into three groups according to different treatment methods: splint group, PRP group, and splint + PRP group. All patients were asked to have VAS scores before and 6 months after treatment and the maximum comfortable mouth opening was recorded either. All data were analysed by R×C test, and P＜0.05 indicated statistically significant differences. Results: The maximum comfortable opening was significantly improved, and the VAS scores were decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The treatment of splint+PRP is superior to the treatment of single splint or single PRP.

Background Energy balance is closely related to reproductive function, wherein hypothalamic kisspeptin mediates regulation of the energy balance. However, the central mechanism of kisspeptin in the regulation of male reproductive function under different energy balance states is unclear. Here, high-fat diet (HFD) and exercise were used to change the energy balance to explore the role of leptin and inflammation in the regulation of kisspeptin and the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis (HPT) axis. Methods Four-week-old male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly assigned to a normal control group (n = 16) or an HFD (n = 49) group. After 10 weeks of HFD feeding, obese mice were randomly divided into obesity control (n = 16), obesity moderate-load exercise (n = 16), or obesity high-load exercise (n = 17) groups. The obesity moderate-load exercise and obesity high-load exercise groups performed exercise (swimming) for 120 min/day and 120 min × 2 times/day (6 h interval), 5 days/week for 8 weeks, respectively. Results Compared to the mice in the normal group, in obese mice, the mRNA and protein expression of the leptin receptor, kiss, interleukin-10 (IL-10), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) decreased in the hypothalamus; serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone levels and sperm quality decreased; and serum leptin, estradiol, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels and sperm apoptosis increased. Moderate- and high-load exercise effectively reduced body fat and serum leptin levels but had the opposite effects on the hypothalamus and serum IL-10 and TNF-α levels. Moderate-load exercise had anti-inflammatory effects accompanied by increased mRNA and protein expression of kiss and GnRH in the hypothalamus and increased serum FSH, LH, and testosterone levels and improved sperm quality. High-load exercise also promoted inflammation, with no significant effect on the mRNA and protein expression of kiss and GnRH in the hypothalamus, serum sex hormone level, or sperm quality. Moderate-load exercise improved leptin resistance and inflammation and reduced the inhibition of kisspeptin and the HPT axis in obese mice. The inflammatory response induced by high-load exercise may counteract the positive effect of improving leptin resistance on kisspeptin and HPT. Conclusion During changes in energy balance, leptin and inflammation jointly regulate kisspeptin expression on the HPT axis.

As the key infrastructure for emerging 5G and Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, micro data centers would be widely deployed at network edges to provide high-bandwidth low-latency cloud service. In these systems, applications would deliver large-size data objects among servers for various purposes like service deployment, application scale-up, and data duplication on demand. Accordingly, reducing delivery time is crucial for the optimization of service delay and system utilization. To accelerate the delivery, this article proposes a multisource-aware adaptive data transmission solution, Parallel Push (PPUSH), by leveraging the fact that data objects in the cloud are generally replicated among servers by design. At the high level, PPUSH achieves efficient delivery of multisource data by launching multiple push flows in parallel; and at the low level, it decouples transfers from different sources by encoding data objects with rateless RaptorQ code, and further employing novel congestion controls to prioritize the bandwidth allocation of concurrent tasks respecting their remaining sizes. Fluid model analysis along with Mininet-based test and packet-level simulation shows that, unlike DCTCP and other proposals, push is robust to packet loss and achieves provable prioritized bandwidth allocation. Extensive simulation results imply that, with above advantages, PPUSH could achieve very efficient data delivery by making use of all available data sources: for instance, compared with the straightforward design of equal-size task split and fair bandwidth allocation, its adaptive task assignment and prioritized traffic scheduling reduce the average task completion time in a tested scenario by $1.495\times $ and $1.329\times $ , respectively, demonstrating a total improvement of $1.586\times $ , when enabled at the same time.

As the scale of distributed generations connecting to the power system increases continuously, communication system considering the requirements of real-time control is becoming much more important in active distribution system. Therefore, in order to improve the responsiveness of the distribution network during the communication interruption, an offline backup strategy is proposed considering the combined output of distributed generations and energy storage systems involving the characteristics of the active distribution system. Based on a typical set of clusters which describe the features of wind turbines and photovoltaics, the strategy analyses operational vulnerability combining structural characteristics of the active distribution system and solves the output level of each distributed generation according to the improved algorithm. A numerical case study is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this model.

This study is aimed at investigating the effect of different exercise loads on the reproductive function of obese male mice and the underlying mechanisms. Male mice with high-fat diet-induced obesity were divided into obesity control (OC), obesity moderate-load exercise (OME), and obesity high-load exercise (OHE) groups. The OME and OHE groups were subjected to swimming exercise 5 days per week over a duration of 8 weeks, with the exercise load progressively increased to 2 h per day in the OME group and 2 h twice per day in the OHE group. In the OC group mice without exercise regimen, we observed a decrease in mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes, increase in free radical products, upregulation of mRNA and protein expression of nuclear factor-κB and proinflammatory cytokines, inhibition of mRNA and protein expression of testosterone synthases, decrease in the serum testosterone level and sperm quality, and increase in sperm apoptosis. Although both moderate-load exercise and high-load exercise reduced body fat, only moderate-load exercise effectively alleviated obesity-induced oxidative stress, downregulated the expression of nuclear factor-κB and proinflammatory cytokines, and reversed the decrease in mRNA and protein expression of testosterone synthases, serum testosterone level, and sperm quality. These changes were not observed in the OHE group mice. Obesity-induced testicular oxidative stress and inflammatory response decreased testosterone synthesis and sperm quality. Moderate-load exercise alleviated the negative effect of obesity on male reproductive function by decreasing testicular oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Although high-load exercise effectively reduced body fat, its effects on alleviating oxidative stress and improving male reproductive function were limited.

This article explores the obesity state and the changes in the level of lipophagy in adipose tissue after exercise to lose weight, so as to provide direction and basis for theoretical research on obesity prevention and control. We established a high-fat diet model of obese mice, and applied exercise intervention and intraperitoneal injection of chloroquine to inhibit autophagy. Long-term high-fat diet can cause obesity in mice, and the process of lipophagy is inhibited, which may be one of the reasons for fat accumulation. Eight weeks of aerobic exercise can effectively reduce the weight of obese mice and promote lipolysis; this process is mainly completed by lipase decomposition, in addition to require the participation of the lipophagy process.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as regulatory factors in both healthy tissue and various cancers. Here, we used an miRNA microarray to screen for miRNAs differentially expressed between HNSCC and adjacent epithelial tissue. Among these, levels of miR-141 were significantly reduced in HNSCC tissues. Expression levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were enhanced in tissues with low miR-141 expression but were reduced by miR-141 overexpression, and there was a significant negative correlation between EGFR and miR-141 levels in HNSCC tissues (P < 0.01). Luciferase assays confirmed that miR-141 targeted EGFR mRNA. In vitro, miR-141 inhibited the proliferation and migration of Cal-27 and FaDu HNSCC cells with corresponding decreases in CDK4 and MMP2. miR-141 also enhanced the incidence of apoptosis among the cells with a corresponding decrease in bcl-2. In BALB/c mice injected with FaDu HNSCC cells, miR-141 mitigated hepatic metastasis and inhibited expression of EGFR, CDK4, bcl-2 and MMP2. These results suggest that miR-141 functions as a tumor suppressor in HNSCC and that it suppresses tumor growth and metastasis by suppressing EGFR signaling. MiR-141 thus appears to be a potentially useful therapeutic target in the treatment of HNSCC.

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is one of the most common incident oral cancers, which is accompanied by high rate of metastasis and recurrence. It has been demonstrated that elevated interleukin-8 (IL-8) promoted metastasis of various cancers via regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, whereas the accurate mechanism is left to be elucidated. The present work was aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-940 (miR-940)/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CXCR2) system in the metastasis ability and EMT process of IL-8-treated TSCC cells and further explore the underlying mechanisms. We found that miR-940 up-regulation inhibited IL-8-induced migration and invasion, which could be deprived by CXCR2 silence. We also observed that miR-940 suppressed epithelial marker E-cadherin expression while increased mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and Twist levels in IL-8-stimulated TSCC cells. Besides, IL-8-induced invasion and EMT process of TSCC cells were impeded in the present of the NF-κB inhibitor, PDTC or BAY117082. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that miR-940/CXCR2 system regulated the metastasis of TSCC cells via NF-κB-induced EMT process.

Background/Aims: Patients with esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) often suffer chronic respiratory tract disease. We previously reported that primary lung maldevelopment caused by deficient branching of embryonal airways in experimental EA-TEF was induced by Adriamycin. In this study, we investigated the Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway in the developing lung in an EA-TEF rat model. We further analyzed the effect of recombinant VEGF treatment in vitro on branching morphogenesis of embryo lungs in experimental EA-TEF. Methods: Pregnant rats received either Adriamycin or vehicle on E7, E8 and E9. Lungs were recovered at E15, E18 and E21. Expression of VEGF and receptors (Flk-1 and Flt-1) were assessed by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. E13 lungs were cultured for 72 hours with 50 ng/mL of recombinant rat VEGF in serum-free medium. The rates of increase in bud count and airway contour were evaluated. Results: Our results showed a significant downregulation of VEGF during pseudoglandular and canalicular stages. In contrast, there were significantly higher levels of the Flt-1 receptor in the canalicular stage, which may represent a compensatory response to decreased VEGF. However, both variables returned to normal levels at the saccular stage. Exogenous VEGF treatment enhanced hypoplastic lung growth, evidenced by the increase in bud count and airway contour. Conclusions: A VEGF signaling defect possibly plays an important role in defective embryonic airway branching. Additionally, VEGF treatment may accelerate lung growth in EA-TEF lungs.

To explore the role of nesfatin-1 in regulating male reproductive function during energy balance variation, we employed an obese mouse model which was first induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and followed by interventions of a normal diet (ND) and/or moderate exercise, and then serum reproductive hormones of male mice, hypothalamic nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2)/nesfatin-1, inflammatory factors, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) levels were tested. Our findings showed that both serum nesfatin-1, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T) levels and hypothalamic NUCB2/nesfatin-1 and Gnrh mRNA levels were reduced, whereas, the mRNA and protein levels of hypothalamic tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, inhibitor kappa B kinase β (IKKβ), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB were increased in obese male mice. Diet, exercise, and diet combined with exercise interventions reversed the decreases in serum nesfatin-1, FSH, LH, and T levels; increased hypothalamic NUCB2/nesfatin-1 and Gnrh mRNA levels; and reduced hypothalamic TNF-α, IL-1β, IKKβ, and NF-κB levels. These changes were accompanied by reduced adiposity, and these effects were more obvious in the diet combined with exercise group. Overall, our findings suggested that the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with obesity may be induced by reduced hypothalamic NUCB2/nesfatin-1 levels, which attenuated the stimulatory effect on GnRH directly or indirectly by suppressing its anti-inflammatory effect in the brain. Diet and/or exercise interventions were able to alleviate the hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with obesity, potentially by increasing hypothalamic NUCB2/nesfatin-1 levels.

Rationale: Low-grade myofibroblastic sarcoma (LGMS) is a malignant lesion composed of myofibroblasts. It is an uncommon tumor of unknown etiology that mainly develops in the bone or soft tissue and is most often reported in the head and neck, particularly in the tongue and oral cavity. Patient concerns: A 2-year-old girl, previously well and with no significant medical history or family history of other diseases, presented with a 2-week painless swelling of the right orbit. Diagnoses: Preoperative computed tomography (CT) revealed a large homogeneous enhanced mass, 21 × 13 mm in size, located on lateral wall of the right orbit with bone absorption. The mass was resected and histopathological examination revealed LGMS of the orbit. Interventions: On May 2016, she underwent surgery without the additional postoperative treatment. Outcomes: The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and was discharged on the 6th day after surgery. During a year follow-up period, there was no recurrence of the postoperative CT. The patient and her family were satisfied with the result of the surgery. Lessons: Based on clinical characteristics and postoperative CT, we considered the mass may be a benign tumor. We completely resected along the capsule without an extensive surgical margin. However, postoperative histopathology diagnose LGMS, which shows a strong potential for local recurrence and vascular invasion. So we should close observation of the patient's symptoms and sign. If the tumor has invaded adjacent tissues, we will use adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

This article aims at the defects in access control strategy of multi-level security firewall, and presents its security classification, scope and access rules for improved methods for the sake of enhancing the security of the firewall.

This article analyzes the network introduced in the fitness advantages of cloud computing technology based on the construction of the current status of network resources, services, fitness and mechanism. And fitness areas of the network cloud application prospects are also discussed.

Objectives Jeavons syndrome (JS) is one of the underreported epileptic syndromes and is characterized by eyelid myoclonia (EM), eye closure-induced seizures or electroencephalography (EEG) paroxysms, and photosensitivity. In the Western populations, it has been reported to be characterized by focal posterior, occipital predominant epileptiform discharges (OPEDs) or frontal predominant epileptiform discharges (FPEDs) followed by generalized EDs in both interictal and ictal EEG recordings. However, it is not clear if there are different clinical manifestations between OPEDs and FPEDs. The clinical and electrographic presentations in the Chinese population are largely unknown. Here, we report the clinical and electroencephalographic features of 50 Chinese patients with JS and evaluate for the presence of different clinical features between patients with OPEDs and patients with FPEDs. Methods We identified 50 cases who met the Jeavons syndrome criteria from 4230 patients with epilepsy at Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China from the period of January 2010 to November 2011. These patients underwent long-term 24-hour video-EEG recording. Brain imaging was performed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized tomography (CT). Webster IQ testing was performed to determine intellectual development. We reviewed and described the interictal abnormalities, ictal EEG pattern, and demographic, clinical, and neuroimaging findings of these 50 Chinese patients in Xi'an. We divided the 50 patients into two groups according to the predominance of EDs and analyzed their clinical features. Results Twenty-five of these 50 patients were male. Twenty-two out of 32 patients in the group with FPEDs were male, and 3/18 patients in the group with OPEDs were male. The median age of EMA–EM onset in FPEDs was 8 years and that in OPEDs was 5.8 years. Eyelid myoclonia occurred in all the 50 patients. Twenty-one out of 32 patients in the group with FPEDs had EM with absences, and 14/32 of them had EM with eyeball rolling up. Two out of 18 patients in the group with OPEDs had EM with absences, and only 1 of 18 had EM with eyeball rolling up. Conclusion Eyelid myoclonia with or without absences or JS diagnosis is easily missed and underreported in China. As an IGE, either the frontal or the occipital lobe may initiate generalized spike-and-wave discharges (GSWDs) and generalized seizures (GSs). There may be two subtypes of JS with distinctive clinical and electroencephalogrphic features: a predominantly male group with frontal predominant epileptiform discharges, eyelid myoclonia, and eyes rolling up and a predominantly female group with occipital predominant epileptiform discharges with eyelid myoclonia alone.

To explore the role of the testicular leptin and JAK-STAT[leptin (LEP)-JAK-STAT] pathway in testosterone biosynthesis during juvenile stages and exercise for weight loss, male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal-diet and high-fat diet groups. After 10 wk, mice in the high-fat diet-fed group were further divided randomly into obese control, obese moderate-volume exercise, and obese high-volume exercise groups. Mice in the obese moderate-volume exercise group were provided with 2 h/day, 6 days/wk swimming exercise for 8 wk, and mice in the obese high-volume exercise group underwent twice the amount of daily exercise intervention as the obese moderate-volume exercise group. The results showed that a high-fat diet causes obesity, leptin resistance, inhibition of the testicular LEP-JAK-STAT pathway, decreased mRNA and protein expression of steroidogenic factor-1, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and the P-450 side-chain cleavage enzyme, a decrease in the serum testosterone-to-estradiol ratio, and declines in sperm quality parameters. Both moderate and high-volume exercise were able to reduce body fat and increase the mRNA and protein expression of LEP-JAK-STAT, but only moderate exercise significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of steroidogenic factor-1, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, and P-450 side-chain cleavage enzyme and significantly reversed the serum testosterone-to-estradiol ratio and sperm quality parameters. These findings suggest that by impairing the testicular LEP-JAK-STAT pathway, early-stage obesity inhibits the biosynthesis of testosterone and sexual development and reduces male reproductive potential. Long-term moderate and high-volume exercise can effectively reduce body fat and improve obesity-induced abnormalities in testicular leptin signal transduction, whereas only moderate-volume exercise can reverse the negative impacts of obesity on male reproductive function.

With the rapid development of network science and technology, people are dependent on the network and usage greatly improved, but the network to bring convenience, but it also brings a lot of network security issues, it has become a constraint computer network construction greatest limiting factor. This paper describes the impact of the computer network system security management of specific issues, according to the system requirements of practical application, in terms of the system operating environment, hardware systems, software systems, network systems and system data, such as design of the computer network system security policy and implementation are discussed. Through the computer network security threats faced by the system proposed safety management, regulations are important to ensure the development and implementation of computer network system security. Proposed computer network system security management strategies, we hope to enhance the computer network security have some help.

With the rapid development of computer networks and the popularity of network applications, network security has been people's increasing attention. Network security is an important issue under Network environment, and authentication technology plays a very important role for network application security. Through the study of reason perish analysis and system design, providing efficient and practical solutions for network security applications system. The purpose of this paper is to research on authentication mechanisms and authentication protocols, analysis characteristics and application environments of the network authentication system, which develop the VIKEY online dynamic two-factor password authentication system. Introduction of Network Authentication Technology Authentication is a process of confirming a claimed identity. Authentication includes identity authentication and message authentication. The former is used to identify the user's identity, the latter is used to ensure the integrity and anti-repudiation of information communication parties . As openness and complexity of the network connection, authentication environments are more complex. Through a comprehensive analysis of network operation of various factors, authentication can be summed up under the network environment have the following characteristics:  Authentication means can't be achieved with single state;  An attacker can eavesdrop authentication information of communication channel , intercept a legitimate user's identity and legal status impostor access network;  Considering the issues of encryption efficiency and reliability: encryption algorithm needs a large number of complex calculations, the introduction of the authentication mechanism in the network, the network security is strengthened, but the decrease in the efficiency of network communications.  The user has uncertainty and mobility. Therefore network authentication must be considered appropriate security means ,which are authentication integrity, non-repudiation of the information, replay attacks and transport security, also be considered to avoid the user's identity forgery, tampering, repudiation, posing, etc. authentication is the first hurdle of network security system, Fig.1 shows logical structure of the safety system.

Multi-resolution sub-band have been widely utilized in the analysis of transients' nature of biomedical signals. In this paper, the use of a wavelet transform domain filtering technique as an adaptive de-noising tool, implemented in ECG signal analysis, is presented. The multi-resolution representations of the signal, produced by wavelet transform (WT), are used for signal structure extraction. Experimental results have shown that the implementation of this wavelet-based filter in ECG signal analysis results in an efficient reduction of the high noisy environment, producing an almost noise-free output signal. Due to its simplicity and its fast implementation the method can easily be used in clinical medicine.

AIM: To identify the role of survivin in colorectal carcinogenesis and the relationship between Survivin and histological differentiation grade of colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining of survivin by using the monoclonal antibody was performed by the standard streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) technique for the 188 paraffin sections which included 30 normal colorectal mucosas, 41 adenomas with low grade dysplasia, 30 adenomas with high grade dysplasia, and 87 colorectal carcinomas which were classified as high, middle and low differentiated subgroups which included 33, 28, 26 cases respectively. RESULTS: Expression of survivin was observed in the cytoplasm of adenoma with dysplasia and colorectal carcinoma cells. No immunoreactivity of survivin was seen in normal mucosas. The positive rate of survivin increased in the transition from normal mucosas to adenomas with low grade dysplasia to high grade dysplasia/carcinomas (0.0%, 31.7%, 56.7% and 63.2% respectively). But the difference between high grade dysplasia and carcinomas had no statistical significance. Positive rate was not related to histological differentiation grade of colorectal carcinoma. Moreover, there was no correlation between histological differentiation grade of colorectal carcinoma and immunoreactive intensity of survivin. CONCLUSION: The expression of survivin is the essential event in the early stage of colorectal carcinogenesis and plays an important role in the transition sequence and it is not related to histological differentiation grade of colorectal carcinoma. It thus may provide a new diagnostic and therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.