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Background Sergentomyiaminuta (Diptera: Phlebotominae) is an abundant sand fly species in the Mediterranean basin and a proven vector of reptile parasite Leishmania (Sauroleishmania) tarentolae. Although it feeds preferentially on reptiles, blood meal analyses and detection of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum DNA in wild-caught S.minuta suggest that occasional feeding may occur on mammals, including humans. Therefore, it is currently suspected as a potential vector of human pathogens. Methods A recently established S.minuta colony was allowed to feed on three reptile species (i.e. lizard Podarcissiculus and geckos Tarentolamauritanica and Hemidactylusturcicus) and three mammal species (i.e. mouse, rabbit and human). Sand fly mortality and fecundity were studied in blood-fed females, and the results were compared with Phlebotomuspapatasi, vector of Leishmania (L.) major. Blood meal volumes were measured by haemoglobinometry. Results Sergentomyiaminuta fed readily on three reptile species tested, neglected the mouse and the rabbit but took a blood meal on human. However, the percentage of females engorged on human volunteer was low in cage (3%) and feeding on human blood resulted in extended defecation times, higher post-feeding mortality and lower fecundity. The average volumes of blood ingested by females fed on human and gecko were 0.97 µl and 1.02 µl, respectively. Phlebotomuspapatasi females readily fed on mouse, rabbit and human volunteer; a lower percentage of females (23%) took blood meal on the T.mauritanica gecko; reptilian blood increased mortality post-feeding but did not affect P.papatasi fecundity. Conclusions Anthropophilic behaviour of S.minuta was experimentally demonstrated; although sand fly females prefer reptiles as hosts, they were attracted to the human volunteer and took a relatively high volume of blood. Their feeding times were longer than in sand fly species regularly feeding on mammals and their physiological parameters suggest that S.minuta is not adapted well for digestion of mammalian blood. Nevertheless, the ability to bite humans highlights the necessity of further studies on S.minuta vector competence to elucidate its potential role in circulation of Leishmania and phleboviruses pathogenic to humans. Graphical abstract

Teaching is considered one of the professions with the highest levels of stress. As part of their job, teachers have to cope with a number of factors that can cause stress. The aim of the study was to create a review based on the international and Czech primary literature summarizing the knowledge about the stress factors of teachers and the possibilities of coping with them. The opening chapter of the thesis focuses on situating the issue of stress in the teaching environment and summarizes the possible consequences of teacher stress. The main part of the bachelor thesis contains information about stress factors of teachers in the international and Czech context, along with ways of coping with stress. The stressors associated with the recent COVID-19 pandemic are also taken into consideration. The thesis concludes with recommendations to reduce teacher stress and minimize its possible consequences.

The topic of this thesis is the Transformation of Czech Radio after the Introduction of Web 2.0. The research was carried out from the Czech Radio employees (working on both Prague or regional stations) point of view, who have had experience working at Czech Radio before and after the advent of Web 2.0. The subjects of the research questions were: adaptation of employees, the impact of changes on the content of broadcasting and ethical principles and finally, their general consequences on Czech Radio in the digital age. The answers to the presented questions were then explained in the practical part of the thesis by a qualitative research using the method of semi-structured interviews and the method of grounded theory for the subsequent analysis of the collected data. The analysis of the data shows that changes could not have taken place without the employees who set them in motion. Within the changes associated with the new communication environment of Web 2.0, feedback plays a important role. It affects Czech Radio employees who use it to influence changes in content, changes in its presentation and partly on its topics. The adaptation process differed at the level of positions. The position of web editors played an important role in the adaptation of other members.

Leishmania of subgenus Sauroleishmania are parasites of reptiles, most often lizards, and are not pathogenic for humans. Therefore, they are neglected group of pathogens and their life cycle is not well-known. They are transmitted probably by ingestion of infected vector which is usually considered as sand flies of genus Sergentomyia (Diptera: Psychodidae). Sauroleishmania are traditionally denominated in Hypopylaria and it is expected that their development is limited to sand fly hindgut. The main aim of this work is to summarize the present knowledge about Sauroleishmania life cycle and to elucidate some aspects of their development in the vector and host. In the first part of thesis we studied development of four Sauroleishmania species in various sand flies of genera Sergentomyia and Phlebotomus. Late-stage infections of Leishmania (S.) adleri and L. (S.) hoogstraali were found in six and two sand fly species, respectively. Hypopylarian infections of Leishmania (S.) adleri were found in Se. schwetzi, P. papatasi and P. sergenti, while in P. argentipes, P. orientalis and P. duboscqi this Sauroleishmania migrated anteriorly in the midgut (peripylarian development). Similar type of development was observed also in P. argentipes and P. orientalis infected by Leishmania (S.) hoogstraali. Both L....

The bachelor thesis deals with an issue of watercourses and their revitalizations. It refers to a quality of water basins as well. First part of the bachelor thesis consists of the theoretical part. It contains of literature research, what describes the revitalisation process. Furthermore, it contains information about water quality, water pollution and fish migration. In the second part of the thesis, there is a revitalisation of biocentre Pod Horkou Prštice. It includes description of this area and a characteristic of the natural conditions. In this part, there are results from the terrain research. In the conclusion, there is a comparison of measured values with alloved limits for surface water, according to NV 401/2015 and ČSN 75 7221. At the end, there is an assessment of the revitalisation

The aim of the bachelor´s thesis is to identify problematic areas of working competencies at adolescents with Asperger syndrome and to suggest a method which would help them train the chosen working competencies. For a purpose of achieving the aim, a qualitative research was performed, a design of a case study. In the first phase a research problem, the aim and research questions were chosen. In the next phase, a research case, which was an adolescent girl with Asperger syndrome, was chosen. After that, methods of data collection were established semi structured interview with the adolescent girl, her the legal representative and class teacher, observation of the girl, in a school environment and analysis of educational documents (Framework educational program for elementary education, etc.). By using these methods, problems which occured during the fulfillment of working competencies with the adolescent girl were identified. In the end of the bachelor´s thesis a visualized and structured method, which would help the adolescent girl with Asperger syndrome train the working competencies successfully, was suggested.

Trypanosomatids are protozoan parasites known for its medical and economical significance. Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Endotrypanum and Phytomonas genera are dixenous parasites. Part of the life cycle takes place in the insect vector, where the parasites are attached using their flagella. Supraplyarian Leishmania differs in the binding method depending on the type of vector it uses for its transmission. The attachment is dependent on lipophosphoglycan (LPG) in a specific vector while in a permissive vector, the interaction is based on a different mechanism (LPG-independent). Attachment of T. cruzi in the posterior part of a digestive system of a hemipterous bugs appears to be necessary for metacyclogenesis. Similar strategy seems to be used by T. brucei which is attached in the salivary glands. The genera Endotrypanum and Phytomonas are not medically significant pathogens, thus their life cycles have not been profoundly researched. Endotrypanum, as well as Leishmania, develops in the digestive system of sand flies, thus the binding mechanism could be analogous. Phytomonas develops in the salivary glands of hemipterous bugs which denotes similarity with T. brucei. Based on the collected data, it is assumed that the binding mechanism of the Trypanosmonatids is generally based on the lectin-like protein...

Reaction of vertebrate serum complement with different Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species was used as a basis in determining reservoir hosts among domesticated and wild animals. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia garinii and Borrelia afzelii were tested for their sensitivity to serum of exotic vertebrate species housed in 5 zoos located in the Czech Republic. We confirmed that different Borrelia species have different sensitivity to host serum. We found that different tolerance to Borrelia infection possessed by hosts might alter among the individuals of the same genera or species and is not affected by host's age or sex. From all zoo animals included in our study, carnivores demonstrated the highest apparent reservoir competency for Lyme borreliosis spirochetes.

Sensitivity of spirochetes from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex to serum complement of humans of different age and sex was analyzed. Complement-mediated Borrelia killing was observed in different combination of serum and selected Borrelia genospecies. The obtained results confirmed that age itself does not influence the sensitivity of human to Borrelia infection. However, the females seem to be more vulnerable to it. Each of ten tested Borrelia species was proved to be potentially infective for human in different ratio. The clear separation of all ten checked Borrelia species into two groups was revealed after the reaction with human sera: species with low sensitivity to human serum complement (mortality below 1 percent) and species with higher sensitivity (mortality over 3-4 percent).

Sensitivity of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato to serum complement from various animals and humans was analyzed. Complement-mediated Borrelia killing was observed in different combination of host serum and Borrelia genospecies. The obtained results revealed species-specific patterns of viability or mortality of spirochetes that is associated with host reservoir competence for Borrelia genospecies. The results confirmed the fact that parasite-host relationship determines the competent reservoir of Borrelia genospecies in nature. The complement of the host may have a key role in the global ecology of Lyme disease.

This diploma thesis attends to activities of the District Court in Hradec Králové in the period 1918 - 1938 with the incorporation in the context of the overall development of the judicial organization in the Czech lands and also historical evolution of the Hradec Králové region. The opening part deals with the First Republic's judiciary and legislature, as formed from the 19th century. After that follows an overview of organizational development judicial administration in the Czech lands in the era 1848 - 1938 and section devoted to history of the Hradec Králové region. The second part of this thesis is concretely aimed at scope of the District Court in Hradec Králové in the interwar period, in the process of the action in court, in the structure of the court, domains and distribution of judicial work with an analysis of the model cases. Keywords: district court, judicial administration, Hradec Králové, regional history, legislation, judicial ordering, common plea, surrogate court, penal offence, the First Czechoslovak Republic

The aim of this dissertation is to analyse the costs and their management in the company BAEST, a.s. BAEST, a.s. is a manufacturing engineering firm with a wide production range. In this work, the costs are investigated at first from the global point of view - it is analysed their structure and development here. Further part of the work gives attention to calculations. There are calculation methods characterized here, which are used by the company, and a part of this section is setting of the planned and the final calculation and analysis of variances. Conclusion is aimed to possible production cost saving.

ln my bachelor thesis called "Lomnice nad Popelkou during the First Republic" I tried to set as complete as possible compedium about life of the town between two world wars and catch the most significant trends of the development in terms of the names of particular chapters. The preliminary chapters ought to bring a reader in local conditions and introduce him at least in inkling with history of the town before the end of the second world war. I consider the third chapter about municipal self-government to be the most pivota I. There I tried to give a summary about administration of Lomnice n. P. during the age of the first Czechoslovak Republic, inform about all public offices established for its purpose and there are also named people for the most important grades, who held these offices. Big part is devoted to the elections and sessions of the town counci" that expressed a part of citizens on the administration of the town. Chapter number 4., Finance, shows main trends in the financial management of the town, talks about sales and revenues budgets, debts, receipts (mainly local taxes) and also about items of the common property. Big part of the work makes the treatise about industrial establishments. My main intention was to describe a situation and size of the private enterprising in Lomnice, because...