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In this paper, a novel information leakage resistant quantum dialogue (QD) protocol with single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom is proposed, which utilizes quantum encryption technology to overcome the information leakage problem. In the proposed QD protocol, during the transmission process, the single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom used for encoding two communicants' private classical bits are protected by both quantum encryption technology and decoy photon technology. For avoiding the information leakage problem, the initial states of the single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom used for encoding two communicants' private classical bits are shared between two communicants through quantum key encryption and decryption. The information-theoretical efficiency of the proposed QD protocol is as high as 40%., Comment: 7 pages

The traditional image processing method has a low detection rate for various kinds of automobile airbag surface defects in the production process, which is difficult to meet the actual demand of industrial production. In order to improve the detection rate of automobile airbag surface defects and meet the real-time requirements of industrial detection, this paper proposes an improved Faster RCNN deep learning algorithm. Firstly, the method adopts the E-FPN to enhance the feature extraction ability of the network for multi-scale targets. Then, ROI Align algorithm is introduced instead of ROI Pooling algorithm to improve the detection ability of small targets. Finally, the designed Light Head is used to improve the running speed of the network. The experimental results show that the average precision of the improved Faster RCNN algorithm for automobile airbag defect detection reaches 97.2%, and the detection time is 23.73 milliseconds, which is obviously superior to the original algorithm and has higher detection accuracy and practicability.

The treatment of massive bone defects is still a significant challenge for orthopedists. Here we have engineered synthetic porous AuPd alloy nanoparticles (pAuPds) as a hyperthermia agent for in situ bone regeneration through photothermal therapy (PTT). After being swallowed by cells, pAuPds produced a mild localized heat (MLH) (40-43 °C) under the irradiation of a near-infrared laser, which can greatly accelerate cell proliferation and bone regeneration. Almost 97% of the cranial defect area (8 mm in diameter) was covered by the newly formed bone after 6 weeks of PTT. RNA sequencing analysis was used to obtain insight into the molecular mechanism of the MLH on cell proliferation and bone formation. These results demonstrated that the Wnt signaling pathway was involved in the MLH. This Letter provides a unique strategy with mild heat stimulation and high efficiency for in situ bone regeneration.

This paper analyzes the procedures that have previously been used to evaluate indicators. These methods determine whether the indicator correctly classifies periods when there was (not) a recession. These approaches do not show whether or not an indicator signaled a turn or failed to predict it. This paper then presents a new approach and applies it to the term spread series. The results are mixed because the indicator predicts every recession but also generates a large number of false signals. This result may explain why economists do not always place great weight on this series.

Hybridization strategy is an effective strategy to obtain multi-target inhibitors in drug design. In this study, we assembled the pharmacophores of momelotinib and tandutinib to get a series of 4-piperazinyl-2-aminopyrimidine derivatives. All compounds were tested for the inhibition of JAK2 and FLT3 enzymes, of which, compounds with potent enzyme activities were assayed for antiproliferative activities against three cancer cell lines (HEL, MV4-11, and HL60). The structure-activity relationship studies were conducted through variations in two regions, the “A” phenyl ring and “B” phenyl ring. Compound 14j showed the most balanced in vitro inhibitory activity against JAK2 and FLT3 (JAK2 IC50 = 27 nM, FLT3 IC50 = 30 nM), and it also showed potent inhibition against the above tested cell lines. In the cellular context, 14j strongly induced apoptosis by arresting cell cycle in the G1/S phase, and was selected as a promising JAK2/FLT3 dual inhibitor.

According to the characteristics of strong coupling and highly nonlinear of manipulator, a trajectory tracking control method based on neural network is proposed. This paper makes full use of the neural network’s self-learning characteristics, parallel processing ability, nonlinear mapping ability, fault tolerance and so on, and combines it with other control methods to design a controller which can improve the tracking performance of manipulator. The simulation results show that the control method can improve the effectiveness and accuracy of robot arm trajectory tracking.

Target recognition is a very important part in the field of image processing. The effect of target recognition directly affects the success or failure of subsequent processing. This paper proposed a dynamic target recognition method based on correlation tracking algorithm. The correlation tracking algorithm only needs matching the original data of grey level of related images, no feature extraction or division is required for images. In this case, all information of this series of images can be kept, and the correlation tracking algorithm also has many advantages, no complex pre-processing of the original images is required, and the grey level of images can be used to directly matching key points, so the possibility of implementation is greatly increased. Moreover, under the condition of low noise, matching also can be carried out, and there is no high demand for the quality of sequential images. In such an approach, its local anti-interference ability is very strong. The correlation tracking algorithm can be used to predict the trajectory of a moving object in real life. The experimental results show that the proposed method can detect the objects in an image by providing the region of objects and the background with different colors. The conclusions can be drawn that the proposed method can successfully tackle the object recognition task in most cases.

Herein, with the help of computer-aided drug design (CADD), we describe the structure-based rational drug design, structure–activity relationships, and synthesis of a series of 2-aminopyrimidine derivatives that inhibit both JAK2 and FLT3 kinases. These screening cascades revealed that compound 14l demonstrated the most inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 1.8 and 0.68 nM against JAK2 and FLT3 respectively. 14l also showed potent anti-proliferative activities against HEL (IC50 = 0.84 μM) and Molm-13 (IC50 = 0.019 μM) cell lines, but relatively weak cytotoxicity against K562 and PC-3 cell lines, which proved that it might have high target specificity. In vitro metabolism assay, 14l exhibited moderate stability in RLM (Rat Liver Microsomes) with a half-life time of 31 min. In the cellular context of Molm-13, 14l induced cell cycle arrest in G1/S phase and enhanced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that 14l is a promising dual JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor and worthy of further development.

The skin of springtails is well-known for being able to repel water and organic liquids using their hexagonally arranged protrusions with reentrant structures. Here, a method to prepare 100 nm-sized nanohoodoo arrays with quasi-doubly reentrant structures over square centimeters through combining the nanosphere lithography and the template-protected selective reactive ion etching technique is demonstrated. The top size of the nanohoodoos, the intra-nanohoodoo distance, and the height of the nanohoodoos can be readily controlled by the plasma-etching time of the polystyrene (PS) spheres, the size of the PS spheres used, and the reactive ion etching time of silicon. The strong structural control capability allows for the study of the relationship between the nanohoodoo structure and the wetting property. Superamphiphobic nanohoodoo arrays with outstanding water/organic liquid repellent properties are finally obtained. The superamphiphobic and liquid repellent properties endow the nanohoodoo arrays with remarkable self-cleaning performance even using hot water droplets, anti-fogging performance, and the surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity improvement by enriching the analyte molecules on the nanohoodoo arrays. Overall, the simple and massive production of the superamphiphobic nanohoodoo structures will push their practical application processes in diverse fields where wettability and liquid repellency need to be carefully engineered.

In this article, a series of novel oxazolidinone derivatives containing a piperidinyl moiety was designed and synthesized. Their antibacterial activities were measured against S. aureus, MRSA, MSSA, LREF and VRE by MIC assay. Most of them exhibited potent activity against Gram-positive pathogens comparable to linezolid. Among them, compound 9h exhibited comparable activity with linezolid against human MAO-A for safety evaluation and showed moderate metabolism in human liver microsome. The most promising compound 9h, which showed remarkable antibacterial activity against S. aureus, MRSA, MSSA, LREF and VRE pathogens with MIC value of 0.25–1 μg/mL, was an interesting candidate for further investigation.

Mercury ion (Hg2+) is one of the most toxic heavy metals that has severe adverse effects on the environment and human organs even at very low concentrations. Therefore, highly sensitive and selective detection of Hg2+ is desirable. Here, we introduce plasmonic micropinball constructed from Au nanooctahedron as a three-dimensional surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, enabling ultrasensitive detection of trace Hg2+ ions. Typically, strong SERS signals could be obtained when the single-stranded DNA structure converts to the hairpin structure in the presence of Hg2+ ions, due to the formation of thymine (T)–Hg2+–T. As a result, the detection limit of Hg2+ ions is as low as 1 × 10–16 M, which is far below compared to that reported for conventional analytical strategies. Moreover, to achieve rapid multiple detection, we combine the micropinball sensors with microflow tube online detection. Our platform prevents cross-talk and tube contamination, allowing multiassay analysis, rapid identification...

To evaluate similarities between two different images, a parameter is proposed. This parameter is called the Fourier Phase Inheritance Rate (FPIR). On studying Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) theory, the Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) characteristics are analyzed. Specially, the Fourier phase information inheritance relationship is found between the original image and IMF. To calculate this inheritance relationship, the concept of FPIR is brought out. Experiment data illustrates that IMF1 carries around 90% information from the original image, which is accord with realities. Exactly expressing images' inheritance relationship, the FPIR is expected to have good performance on catching similarities between a random processed image and its original image.

A systematic comparative study of radiation-induced magneto-resistance oscillations using circularly polarized- and linearly polarized microwaves was carried out on the high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure two dimensional electron system (2DES). The results showed that, the sinusoidal sensitivity in the amplitude of the radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations observed under launcher rotation for linearly polarized microwaves, is remarkably absent in the similar experiment carried out with circularly polarized microwaves., Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 864 (1), ISSN:1742-6588, ISSN:1742-6596

The influence of microwave excitation on the magnetotransport properties of the high mobility two-dimensional electron system (2DES) in the GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure system is investigated byexploring (a) the dependence of the amplitude of the microwave-induced magnetoresistance-oscilla-tions on the polarization direction of the linearly polarized microwaves and (b) the microwave reflectionfrom the 2DES. The polarization study indicates that the amplitude of the magnetoresistance oscillationsis remarkably responsive to the relative orientation between the linearly polarized microwaves and thecurrent-axis in the specimen. At low microwave power, P, experiments indicate a strong sinusoidalvariation in the diagonal resistance R xx vs. θ at the oscillatory extrema of the microwave-inducedmagnetoresistance oscillations. The reflection study indicates strong correlations between the micro-wave induced magnetoresistance oscillations and oscillatory features in the microwave reflection in aconcurrent measurement of the magnetoresistance and the microwave magnetoreflection from the2DES. The correlations are followed as a function of the microwave frequency and the microwave power,and the results are reported.& 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Microwave-induced zero-resistance states appear when the associated B-1-periodic magnetoresistance oscillations grow in amplitude and become comparable to the dark resistance of the two-dimensional electron system (2DES). Existing theories have made differing predictions regarding the influence of the microwave polarization in this phenomenon. We have investigated the effect of rotating, in-situ, the polarization of linearly polarized microwaves relative to long-axis of Hall bars. The results indicate that the amplitude of the magnetoresistance oscillations is remarkably responsive to the relative orientation between the linearly polarized microwave electric field and the current-axis in the specimen. At low microwave power, P, experiments indicate a strong sinusoidal variation in the diagonal resistance Rxx vs. θ at the oscillatory extrema of the microwave-induced magnetoresistance oscillations. Interestingly, the phase shift θ0 for maximal oscillatory Rxx response under photoexcitation is a strong function of the magnetic field, the extremum in question, and the magnetic field orientation.

We examine the microwave reflection from the high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron system (2DES). Strong correlations have been observed between the microwave induced magnetoresistance oscillations and the microwave reflection oscillations in a concurrent measurement of the microwave illuminated magnetoresistance and the microwave reflection from the 2DES. The correlations were followed as a function of the microwave frequency and the microwave power dependent. Different existing theories are considered to explain the results.

We present an experimental study of the microwave power and the linear polarization angle dependence of the microwave-induced magnetoresistance oscillations in the high-mobility GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron system. Experimental results show the sinusoidal dependence of the oscillatory magnetoresistance extrema as a function of the polarization angle. Yet, as the microwave power increases, the angular dependence includes additional harmonic content, and it begins to resemble the absolute value of the cosine function. We present a theory to explain such peculiar behavior. Magnetotransport measurements at Georgia State University are supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Material Sciences and Engineering Division under DE-SC0001762. Additional support is provided by the ARO under W911NF-07-01-015. J.I. is supported by the MINECO (Spain) under grant MAT2014-58241-P and ITN Grant 234970 (EU). GRUPO DE MATEMATICAS APLICADAS A LA MATERIA CONDENSADA, (UC3M), Unidad Asociada al CSIC.

Linear polarization angle, $\theta$, dependent measurements of the microwave radiation-induced oscillatory magnetoresistance, $R_{xx}$, in high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs 2D electron devices have shown a $\theta$ dependence in the oscillatory amplitude along with magnetic field, frequency, and extrema-dependent phase shifts, $\theta_{0}$. Here, we suggest a microwave frequency dependence of $\theta_{0} (f)$ using an analysis that averages over other smaller contributions, when those contributions are smaller than estimates of the experimental uncertainty.

Structure, magnetic and electrical transport properties of the polycrystalline (Fe3O4)100 − xPtx composite films fabricated using DC reactive magnetron sputtering at ambient temperature were investigated systematically. It is found that the films are composed of inverse-spinel-structured polycrystalline Fe3O4 and Pt. Pt addition proves the growth of Fe3O4 grains with the (111) orientation. All the films are ferromagnetic at room temperature. The dominant magnetic reversal mechanism turns from domain wall motion to Stoner–Wohlfarth rotation with the increasing x. The electrical transport mechanism also changes with the increasing x because Pt addition decreases the height of the tunneling barrier at the Fe3O4 grain boundaries, and makes the magnetoresistance of the films decrease.

A comparative study of the radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations in the high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure two dimensional electron system (2DES) under linearly- and circularly- polarized microwave excitation indicates a profound difference in the response observed upon rotating the microwave launcher for the two cases, although circularly polarized microwave radiation induced magnetoresistance oscillations observed at low magnetic fields are similar to the oscillations observed with linearly polarized radiation. For the linearly polarized radiation, the magnetoresistive response is a strong sinusoidal function of the launcher rotation (or linear polarization) angle, θ. For circularly polarized radiation, the oscillatory magnetoresistive response is hardly sensitive to θ.

In order to suit new mapping scenarios and to meet non-professional users' reading requirements as well as their cognitive features, through a practical case of ‘the Atlas of Shanghai Second Water Resources Survey’, we explore storytelling-concept-based multiple solutions to thematic atlas information expansion design, which integrated the characteristics of information transmission of web environment with ‘user-centered’ principles. First, we make the atlas's potential information logic appeared in an obvious narrative framework. Then, we process the expansion design in several aspects, not only including content diversification, medium digitalization, and interaction activation, but also treating the mapping space as a ‘stage’. Via all of the above, alternative design plans are proposed to visual interfaces and information interactions. The application shows that the information expansion design can enrich the expressive forms of atlas themes, and it can break through the visualization limitation when a vast amount of information needs to be integrated within a limited screen space. Thus, faced with potential users, it could give innovations and references on the propagation and communication mode of future atlas design.

We report the results of a combined microwave polarization-dependence and power-dependence study of the microwave-radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations in high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure devices at liquid helium temperatures. The diagonal resistance was measured with the magnetic field fixed at the extrema of the radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations, as the microwave power was varied at a number of microwave polarization angles. The results indicate a nonlinear relation between the oscillatory peak or valley magnetoresistance and the microwave power, as well as a cosine square relation between the oscillatory peak or valley magnetoresistance and the microwave polarization angle. The main features are briefly compared with the predictions of existing models.

We present the results of a concurrent experimental study of microwave reflection and transport in the GaAs/AlGaAs two dimensional electron gas system and correlate observed features in the reflection with the observed transport features. The experimental results are compared with expectations based on theory.

Searching for architectural building blocks with tunable morphology and peculiarity is a prominent challenge for novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Here, the aqueous-based seed-mediated methods for preparing highly mono-dispersed Au nanorods with a different aspect ratio are systematically studied by controlling the amounts of Ag ions and seeds. We also explore the effect of pH on the synthesis of gold nanorods. The realization of the overlap of longitudinal plasmon band and excitation source with different degrees is made by changing the aspect ratio of nanorod in order to determine its effect on the overall surface enhancement. In addition, the gold octahedra are prepared by overgrowth on Au nanorods. The SERS effects of Au nanorods are researched and the FDTD simulations are performed to reveal the morphology induced plasmon modes.

A watermarking algorithm for certificate forgery prevention based on the parity of the highest digit from singular values' average is proposed. It splits an image into non-overlapping blocks, and conducts singular value decomposition on each block. The zero-watermark sequence is produced by judging the parity of the highest digit from singular values' average in each singular value matrix. The experimental results show that it has strong robustness to resist print-and-scan, thus can achieve certificate forgery prevention.

Two robust zero-watermark algorithms in hybrid transform domains are proposed. The first one is realized in hybrid transform domains of discreet cosine transform (DCT) and singular value decomposition (SVD), and the other one is realized in hybrid transform domains of discreet wavelet transform (DWT), DCT and SVD. The first algorithm divides an image into non-overlapping blocks, transforms every block with DCT, and conducts SVD on the upper left corner of every block’s DCT matrix. Finally, it produces the zero-watermark sequence by judging the parity of norm’s highest digit. The second algorithm transforms an image with DWT, divides its LL band into non-overlapping blocks, and transforms every block with DCT, then conducts SVD on the upper left corner of every block’s DCT matrix. Finally, it produces the zero-watermark sequence by judging the parity of norm’s highest digit. It is easy to find out that both of them have perfect visual effect. Experimental results show that as to images with different textures, both of them have good robustness against various attacks.

A robust zero-watermark algorithm is proposed, which is based on singular value decomposition and discreet cosine transform. The image is firstly spilt into non-overlapping blocks. Afterwards, every block is conducted with singular value decomposition, and its singular value matrix is transformed with discreet cosine transform. The robust zero-watermark sequence is derived from comparing the numerical relationship between two direct coefficients from adjacent blocks. Experimental results of robustness tests show that it has good robustness against various attacks.

Quantization index modulation (QIM) technology was always applied to inserting watermark in an additive way formerly. In this paper, we propose the concept of multiplicative distortion-compensated quantized projection (MDC-QP), which differs from the conventional DC-QP in working in a multiplicative way. The locally most powerful (LMP) detector is used to judge whether or not a watermark exists. Its detection performance is characterized by the probability of miss at a given probability of false alarm. Theoretical analysis agrees well with realistic experiment on detection performance.

Noise reduction is one of the largest problems and biggest difficulties involved in electronic speckle pattern interferometry. We present the new filtering method for electronic speckle pattern interferometry fringes (ESPIF) images based on Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. We test the proposed method on the computer-simulated speckle fringe patterns and an experimentally obtained fringe pattern, respectively. In all cases, the proposed method gives desired results. Experimental results have confirmed that the proposed method is capable of removing noise in ESPIF images effectively and enhancing the contrast of fringe patterns.

This paper concentrates on watermark detection problem, which judges the existence of watermark. A multiplicative watermark detector using locally optimum nonlinearity is derived, based on the condition that DWT coefficients obey to a generalized Gaussian distribution. Experimental results show that the suggested detector has good performances under various situations. Finally, a method for improving its responses is suggested.

This study examines the magnetotransport response observed in flakes of the 3D topological insulator (TI) Bi2Te3, including indium superconducting electrodes, and demonstrates two critical transitions in the magnetoresistive response with decreasing temperatures below T = 3.4K. The first transition is attributed to superconductivity in the indium electrodes, and the second transition, with a critical field exceeding the transition field of indium, is attributed to a proximity effect at the 2D planar interface of this hybrid TI/superconductor structure., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures

In this paper, two robust quantum dialogue (QD) protocols against collective-dephasing noise and collective-rotation noise are presented, respectively. In each of the proposed QD protocols, four logical Bell states, each of which is made up of four physical qubits, are used to combat collective noise. The information leakage problem is overcome by directly transmitting the auxiliary logical Bell states in two steps from one communication party to the other. For decoding, Bell state measurements rather than four-qubit joint measurements are used. The effectiveness against an eavesdroppers active attacks such as the intercept-resend attack, the measure-resend attack, the entangle-measure attack and the Trojan horse attack can be guaranteed.

In this paper, two robust quantum dialogue (QD) protocols against collective-dephasing noise and collective-rotation noise are proposed, respectively, by virtue of logical qubits and controlled-not (CNOT) operations. The party in charge of preparation produces logical qubits as travelling states to combat collective noise. The other party knows the initial prepared states of logical qubits with resort to the CNOT operations, and decodes out the preparation partys secret messages with the help of a classical information string sent from the preparation party. The preparation party reads out the other partys secret messages by virtue of quantum secure direct communication. In this way, the risk of information leakage is effectively avoided. Throughout the proposed protocols, only the single-photon measurements are needed for quantum measurements. Compared with previous antinoise QD protocols, the proposed protocols have the highest information-theoretical efficiency. Compared with the recent QD protocols designed by the author which need to prepare two adjacent logical qubits in the same quantum state, the proposed protocols are more experimentally feasible, as they do not have this special requirement.