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Due to the strong noise interference and amplitude modulation effect, it is difficult to extract the impact characteristics of the fault gear from the spectrum of the fault signal. To tackle these issues, a gear fault feature extraction method based on spectral amplitude modulation (SAM) and autocorrelation analysis is proposed. First, the SAM method is used to decompose the signal into different components according to energy, and the optimal component with the most fault information is determined by combining kurtosis index and magnitude order selection range. Then, the optimal component is denoised using the autocorrelation function. Finally, the fault feature frequency is extracted by calculating the squared envelope spectrum of the denoised signal. The superiority of the method is verified by simulating the signal. Furthermore, the effectiveness and superiority of the method in gear fault diagnosis are verified by comparison with the fast kurtogram, cepstrum pre-whitening, and SAM.

As the transient impulse components in early fault signals are weak and easily buried by strong background noise, the fault features of rolling bearings are difficult to be extracted effectively. Focusing on this issue, a novel method based on improved direct fast iterative filtering and spectral amplitude modulation (IDFIF-SAM) is presented for detecting the early fault of rolling bearings. First, the ratio of the average crest factor of autocorrelation envelope spectrum to the average envelope entropy is taken as the fitness function to search the optimal parameters of direct fast iterative filtering (DFIF) adaptively via particle swarm optimization (PSO). Then, the efficient kurtosis entropy (EKE) index is being employed to choose the suitable components to reconstruct the signal. Finally, the reconstructed signal is subjected to spectral amplitude modulation (SAM) to strengthen the impulse features. The superiority of improved direct fast iterative filtering (IDFIF) over fixed-parameter DFIF, fast iterative filtering (FIF), and hard thresholding fast iterative filtering (HTFIF) is clarified through the simulated signal. Moreover, the comparative experimental analysis shows that the proposed IDFIF-SAM method can identify the early fault feature of rolling bearings more effectively.

The use of amphiphilic molecules such as poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated phospholipid (PEG-lipid) enables incorporation into liposome surfaces by exogenous addition as a result of the self-assembly with lipids. This technique can be applicable for manipulation of both liposomes and cells. In this study, we aimed to characterize Tat peptide (YGRKKRRQRRR)-conjugated PEG-lipids when used to exogenously surface modify liposomes (size: ca. 100 nm). We earlier reported that cells, which were surface modified with Tat peptides conjugated to PEG-lipids could attach spontaneously to material surfaces without any chemical modification. Here, we synthesized different types of Tat-PEG-lipids by combining PEG of different molecular weights (5 and 40 kDa) with different lipids with three acyl chains (myristoyl, palmitoyl, and stearoyl, respectively) and then studied the spontaneous adsorption of modified liposomes onto a substrate surface induced by the different Tat-PEG-lipids. The amount of adsorbed liposomes strongly depended on the number of incorporated Tat-PEG-lipid moieties: a decrease in both the PEG and the acyl chain lengths led to adsorption of higher amounts of liposomes. Furthermore, when a collagenase-cleavable amino acid sequence was inserted between the Tat sequence and the PEG segment, adsorbed liposomes could be harvested from the substrate by collagenase treatment with no difference in desorption efficiency between the different Tat-PEG-lipids. Thus, Tat-PEG-lipid can be a suitable tool for the manipulation of liposomes and cells.

Maximum second-order cyclostationary blind deconvolution (CYCBD) is a good signal denoising method, which can be employed for gear fault diagnosis. However, CYCBD is highly dependent on the pre-period of the measured signal, which needs to be appropriately predetermined. To address this issue, a new method based on the multi-point kurtosis (MKurt) spectrum and CYCBD is proposed, which can be used for extracting fault features in a gearbox. First, deconvolution period T, the key parameter of CYCBD, is accurately selected using the MKurt spectrum. Then, according to the selected key parameter, CYCBD is employed to process the gearbox signals and identify the fault type. This proposed method is applied to the analysis of single and compound fault signals of a gearbox; the large gear and pinion fault signals under strong background noise are separated. Finally, the fault signals obtained by CYCBD are analysed using an envelope spectrum to extract the fault features. The two case studies demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively identify the gear faults. Moreover, the results show the superior effectiveness and reliability of this proposed method compared with the maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) method.

Gear fault vibration signals are commonly non-stationary, and useful fault information is often buried in heavy noise, which makes it difficult to extract gear fault features. How to select the suitable fault frequency bands is the key to gear fault diagnosis. To address the above problems, a method combining the improved minimum entropy deconvolution (MED) and accugram, named IMEDA, is proposed for extracting gear fault features. Firstly, a selection index based on permutation entropy (PE) and correlation coefficient is defined. Then, the optimal filter length can be effectively selected by the step-length searching method using the proposed index as objective function, and the improved MED is employed to preprocess the gear vibration signals. Finally, the accugram analysis is performed for the preprocessed signals to obtain the optimal frequency band, and the fault characteristic frequencies are extracted from the square envelope spectrum of the signals in the optimal band. The method is validated by gear experimental data with gear wear-out failure. The analysis results demonstrate that the proposed method owns superior effect by comparing with the fast kurtogram (FK), MED combined with FK (MED-FK), accugram and infogram.

Jie Li,1,&ast; Siwen Chen,1,&ast; Hui Xue,2,&ast; Haoyi Wang,3,&ast; Tianwei Huang,4 Hongya Xie,5 Jiang He,6 Cai Ke,3 Zhaonan Yu,3 Bin Ni4 1Department of General Medical Ward, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Oncology Medical Ward, Hanzhong Central Hospital, Hanzhong, People’s Republic of China; 3Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Thoracic Surgery, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Thoracic Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People’s Hospital, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bin Ni, Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 17774015977, Email bin_ni@163.com Zhaonan Yu, Hangzhou D.A. Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15558078770, Email yuzhaonan870213@163.comIntroduction: From an oncologic perspective, genetic detection is becoming a frontline clinical test, used to identify actionable alterations for targeted therapy, monitor molecular clonal tumor evolution, indicate disease progression and prognosis, and predict medication efficacy and resistance. From analysis of both tumor tissue and cell-free DNA from a large cohort of non-small cell lung cancer patients in East-China, we characterized the full spectrum of genomic alterations.Methods: The study comprised 3000 unpaired samples including 1351 tumor tissue DNA (tDNA) and 1649 cell-free circulating tumor DNA (cfDNA) samples, from which 67 cancer-related genes were sequenced and the genetic alteration profiles were depicted. Integrative molecular analyses identified the frequently mutated genes, uncovered co-occurring somatic alterations, described the distribution of hotspot variants, analyzed the frequency of variant alleles, and notably distinguished actionable, novel variants.Results: The most commonly affected genes were EGFR, TP53, KRAS, CDKN2A, and PIK3CA in both tDNA and cfDNA samples. EGFR and CTNNB1, PIK3CA and PTEN, ERBB2 and SMO were found to have frequent co-occurring alterations in tDNA samples, while EGFR and SMO, KRAS and PDGFRA, PIK3CA and KDR were in cfDNA samples. A large number of primary druggable variants were identified in tDNA samples, while numerous drug-resistance variants, rare actionable variants, and non-EGFR actionable variants were detected in cfDNA samples. Novel variants were enriched in KDR, KIT, TP53, ABL1, FGFR1 in tDNA samples while the majority of novel variants were distributed in PDGFRA, EGFR, KIT, ROS1, BRCA2 in cfDNA samples. Variant allele frequency in tDNA samples was significantly (P < 0.001) higher than that in cfDNA samples.Conclusion: The results revealed considerable differences in the alteration characteristics between the two kinds of specimens. To date, this study represents the largest real-world investigation of its kind, derived from the largest number of patients in East-China. It reinforced and expanded the mechanism of molecular analysis of neoplastic genetic profiles.Keywords: real world study, non-small cell lung cancer patients in East-China, tumor tissue DNA, cell-free circulating tumor DNA, next-generation-sequencing, genetic alteration

BACKGROUND: It is of great significance to explore a path for expedited recovery from thoracic surgery for patients undergoing minimally invasive lobectomy to ensure their rapid and smooth recovery and to conserve medical resources. METHODS: We analyzed 629 cases from the Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2018 to January 2020. According to the length of postoperative stay (LOS) and perioperative management, the 629 patients were divided into group A [routine management group (RMG)], group B [rapidly recovery group (RRG), LOS >72 h], and group C (RRG, LOS ≤72 h). The t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the postoperative complications (PC), chest tube indwelling time (CTIT), LOS, postoperative opioid dosages (POD), and total costs (TC) of the 3 groups. RESULTS: Compared with the RMG, the LOS, PC, CTIT, POD, and TC of the RRG were statistically significantly ameliorated (P

With larger searching space, intelligent algorithms could have insufficient global search capability and accuracy for optimization problems. This paper proposes a novel quantum parallel multi-layer Monte Carlo optimization algorithm (QPMMCOA) to optimize the rotor-side controller (RSC) parameters based on proportional–integral of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) for achieving maximum power and improving generation efficiency. The QPMMCOA is proposed to find optimal solutions in an accurate small searching space. The QPMMCOA combines qubit probability amplitude with Monte Carlo random numbers to generate a diverse population and expand accurate search space. The optimization process of the QPMMCOA with strong global search ability and local development ability is divided into the rough search, precise search, and re-precise search. These three search processes are searched in the ever-shrinking feasible region. The QPMMCOA mainly seeks the optimized solution by continuously changing and narrowing the feasible region. The QPMMCOA is utilized to optimize a discontinuous step function and a multimodal function for confirming the efficacy and feasibility. With broader exploration and deeper development capabilities, the QPMMCOA can achieve the optimization result of the fitness function of the RSC is at least 0.51% lower than other algorithms. Compared with other algorithms, the QPMMCOA-based RSC can enhance the average power coefficient of the DFIG-based wind power system by at least 0.0028%.

Vertical cable seismic (VCS) is a kind of reflection seismic exploration technique. Multi-node hydrophone array set perpendicular to the seabed and records wave field inspired by air gun. Vertical cable seismic exploration can make up for the disadvantages of the harsh conditions of towed cable seismic exploration. VCS technique is also convenient to be used in monitoring the underground geologic changes in the stage of gas hydrates development. In this paper, VCS data collected near the gas hydrates test and mining area of the South China Sea was processed and obtained multi-wave imaging profiles. It is shown that the VCS data has such advantages as high signal-to-noise ratio, high fidelity, and so on compared to the towed cable data, especially in the imaging of underground steep dip angle geological structures.

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to explore why the entrepreneurial activities are agglomerative in a cluster and to investigate the government agencies' functions in the industry cluster that can construct favourable environment for entrepreneurial development.Design/methodology/approach – The case study method is chosen to collect in‐depth data to investigate the research domain, and the detailed case of the industrial cluster in Wenzhou, China is selected. The empirical data for the analysis are derived from in‐depth interviews with entrepreneurs in private and public organizations. Statistical data and historical documents are also collected to increase the understanding of the regional conditions, as well as for comparison with and triangulation of the research theme.Findings – It was found that in Wenzhou, four major groups of government agencies which perform the functions of investment, research & innovation, industrial information and supporting service, were generated along with the develop...

At present, the field of theoretical research has not reached an agreement on a unified standard of the indicator system of the industry cluster degree. This paper summarizes the existing studies of industrial clusters and built up the calculation indicator system of the cultural creative industry cluster by using the general designing principles. An exclusive calculation indicator system in terms of the static and dynamic indicators is built on base of the industrial characteristics. It provides the calculation criteria from the macro and micro perspectives. The quantitative results can grasp the industrial inherent regularity and reflect the regional technology spillovers of the industry cluster.

Characteristics of fructification and seed ripening of Panax stipuleanatus were studied in this paper with a view to better understand the species' biological characteristics and promote cultivation. Dynamic of fructification and types of fruits were observed in a period of 80 days. The seeds' biological characteristics were evaluated by observing embryo's vitality and changes in form in a period of 225 d. The findings and conclusions were as follows: A plant produces an average of (38.7 +/- 6.5) seeds; Seeds become fully mature 80 days after setting fruit, and fruits grow more rapidly in 0-40 days with an increase of 1 500.83% in fresh weight. Three types of fruits were found, that is mono-seed type, bi-seeds type and triple-seeds type, and the proportion is 9.53%, 58.66%, 1.81%, respectively. The seeds are (5.16-6. 52) mm in length and (3.12-4.95) mm in width. The weight of 1000 seeds is (0.648 +/- 0.014) g with a moisture content of (55.23 +/- 0.49)%. The after-ripening of embryo in Panax stipuleanatus is morphological form, embryos develop 75 days after the seeds' detaching from mother plant and become mature in 165-180 days with the ending of the process of after-ripening. The vitality of embryo reaches 70% , and the length of embryo is (3.217 +/- 0.406) mm and the width (0.872 +/- 0.165) mm. The seeds will germinate in 195 d.

To reveal the flowering characteristics of Panax stipuleanatus and provide theoretical basis for distant hybridization between P. stipuleanatus and P. notoginseng.During the blossom of P. stipuleanatus, we observed and investigated blooming phenophase, growth dynamics of inflorescence, pollination and seed setting of its population and the flowering process and its period, the regularity of flowering and pollinating of the floret. Statistic analyses were carried out.The population florescence of P. stipuleanatus was about 60 d. The average florets quality of umbel was 44-47. The average natural pollination rates were 73.32%-95.39%. The average seed setting rates was 35.65%-51.76%. The highest growth periods of inflorescence are from March 25 to April 4. The diameter, the height and the length of its inflorescence in 10 d increased 44.65%, 42.19% and 106.25%, respectively. The whole stereotype period was the May beginning. The time that the floret from petal opening to withering it generally needed 36-48 h, 60 percent of the floret finished auther pollinating during the same day and 40 percent until the next day. The flowering and pollinating peak periods were 14:00-15:00, the flowering numbers was 28.48% of the total flowering amount and the pollinating numbers were 38.63% of the total pollinating amount. The high temperature (20-30 degrees C) and the low humidity (RH60%) were beneficial to flowering and pollinating.