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A new Fano profile of a flat line is achieved experimentally by manipulating the relative amplitude of the continuum path, when q takes the pure imaginary number of -i in the x-ray regime. The underlying mechanism is that the interference term in the scattering will cancel the discrete term exactly. This new Fano profile renders only an observable continuum along with an invisible response to the discrete state of atomic resonance. The results suggest not only a different strategy to invisibility studies which provides a possible tool to identify weaker structures hidden by the strong white line, but also a new scenario to enrich the manipulations of two-path interference and nonlinear Fano resonance.

It has long been believed that core-hole lifetime (CHL) of an atom is an intrinsic physical property, and controlling it is significant yet is very hard. Here, CHL of the 2p state of W atom is manipulated experimentally through adjusting the emission rate of a resonant fluorescence channel with the assistance of an x-ray thin-film planar cavity. The emission rate is accelerated by a factor linearly proportional to the cavity field amplitude, that can be directly controlled by choosing different cavity modes or changing the angle offset in experiment. This experimental observation is in good agreement with theoretical predictions. It is found that the manipulated resonant fluorescence channel even can dominate the CHL. The controllable CHL realized here will facilitate the nonlinear investigations and modern x-ray scattering techniques in hard x-ray region., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

We show that for any nonzero class [math] in [math] in a rational [math] manifold [math] , [math] is represented by a nonorientable embedded Lagrangian surface [math] (for some symplectic structure) if and only if [math] , where [math] denotes the mod [math] valued Pontryagin square of [math] .

We investigate the notion of symplectic divisorial compactification for symplectic 4-manifold with either convex or concave type boundary. This is motivated by the notion of compactifying divisors for open algebraic surfaces. We classify symplectic compactifying divisor having finite boundary fundamental group.

The valence-shell excitations of hydrogen sulfide have been studied by fast electron impact at a collision energy of 1.5 keV and an energy resolution of about 70 meV. By analyzing the variations of intensity and shape of the feature in the range of 5.0-7.5 eV at different scattering angles, the excitation energy of 5.85 ± 0.01 eV and the line width of 0.80 ± 0.01 eV of the 3b21A2 state have been determined. The generalized oscillator strengths of the valence-shell excitations in the energy range of 5.0-9.2 eV of hydrogen sulfide have been determined from the measured spectra. The corresponding optical oscillator strengths have been obtained by extrapolating the generalized oscillator strengths to the limit of zero squared momentum transfer. The integral cross sections have also been systematically determined from the threshold to 5000 eV by means of the BE-scaling method. The presently obtained oscillator strengths and integral cross sections have significant applications in the studies of planetary atmospheres and interstellar gases.

The oscillator strengths of the valence–shell excitations of C2H2 are extremely important for testing theoretical models and studying interstellar gases. In this study, the high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) method is adopted to determine the generalized oscillator strengths (GOSs) of the valence–shell excitations of C2H2 at a photon energy of 10 keV. The GOSs are extrapolated to their zero limit to obtain the corresponding optical oscillator strengths (OOSs). Through taking a completely different experimental method of the IXS, the present results offer the high energy limit for electron collision to satisfy the first Born approximation (FBA) and cross-check the previous experimental and theoretical results independently. The comparisons indicate that an electron collision energy of 1500 eV is not enough for C2H2 to satisfy the FBA for the large squared momentum transfer, and the line saturation effect limits the accuracy of the OOSs measured by the photoabsorption method.

Graphene oxide (GO) was covalently coupled to the surface of amino silica gel by amide bond. β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was further chemically bonded with GO to prepare a novel chiral stationary phase. The resulting material was characterized by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), elemental analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The separation of seven enantiomers was improved in varying degrees. Meanwhile, the stationary phase showed typical characteristics of hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC), and four small nucleoside molecules were separated with the mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile-water (45:45:10, V/V) in the HILIC mode. In addition, the separation mechanism of the stationary phase was further explored by studying the effects of mobile phase composition, temperature and pH value on the analyte retention. The low temperature was conducive to the separation of analytes at 20–60 °C. The addition of protonated solvent methanol significantly decreased the retention time of the four analytes. The change of pH affected the degree of protonation of the analyte, the interaction between analytes and the stationary phase, and retention time of analytes. The results showed that GO and β-CD played a synergistic effect in the chiral resolution of the chromatographic stationary phase. The retention of analytes in HILIC was attributed to their mixed-mode retention mechanisms including hydrophilic interaction, electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking and so on.

We will survey some aspects of the smooth topology, algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry and contact geometry of anti-canonical pairs in complex dimension two.

We introduce symplectic Calabi-Yau caps to obtain new obstructions to exact fillings. In particular, it implies that any exact filling of the standard unit cotangent bundle of a hyperbolic surface has vanishing first Chern class and has the same integral homology and intersection form as its disk cotangent bundle. This gives evidence to a conjecture that all of its exact fillings are diffeomorphic to the disk cotangent bundle. As a result, we also obtain the first infinitely family of Stein fillable contact 3-manifolds with uniform bounds on the Betti numbers of its exact fillings but admitting minimal strong fillings of arbitrarily large $b_2$. Moreover, we introduce the notion of symplectic uniruled/adjunction caps and uniruled/adjunction contact structures to present a unified picture to the existing finiteness results on the topological invariants of exact/strong fillings of a contact 3-manifold. As a byproduct, we find new classes of contact 3-manifolds with the finiteness property and extend Wand's obstruction of planar contact 3-manifolds to uniruled/adjunction contact structures with complexity zero. structures with complexity zero., Comment: 44 pages. This is an updated version of the papers with title 'Calabi-Yau caps and Uniruled caps' and 'Uniruled caps and Calabi-Yau caps'. To appear in Proceedings of London Mathematical Society

We establish various stability results for symplectic surfaces in symplectic 4-manifolds with b + = 1 b^{+}=1 . These results are then applied to prove the existence of representatives of Lagrangian ADE-configurations as well as to classify negative symplectic spheres in symplectic 4-manifolds with κ = - ∞ \kappa=-\infty . This involves the explicit construction of spheres in rational manifolds via a new construction technique called the tilted transport.

We study the symplectic analogue of log Calabi-Yau surfaces and show that the symplectic deformation classes of these surfaces are completely determined by the homological information.

We propose the reference section method to obtain a geometric phase for the mixed states in nonunitary evolution. The reference connection on density operator space is defined. That the parallel transport method and reference section method are essentially two aspects of in phase concept is pointed out.

We study Nakai-Moishezon type question and Donaldson's "tamed to compatible" question for almost complex structures on rational four manifolds. By extending Taubes' subvarieties--current--form technique to $J-$nef genus $0$ classes, we give affirmative answers of these two questions for all tamed almost complex structures on $S^2$ bundles over $S^2$ as well as for many geometrically interesting tamed almost complex structures on other rational four manifolds, including the del Pezzo ones., Comment: 46 pages. v2, introduction shortened, mistakes corrected. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0910.5440 by other authors

We give characterizations of a finite group $G$ acting symplectically on a rational surface ($\mathbb{C}P^2$ blown up at two or more points). In particular, we obtain a symplectic version of the dichotomy of $G$-conic bundles versus $G$-del Pezzo surfaces for the corresponding $G$-rational surfaces, analogous to a classical result in algebraic geometry. Besides the characterizations of the group $G$ (which is completely determined for the case of $\mathbb{C}P^2\# N\overline{\mathbb{C}P^2}$, $N=2,3,4$), we also investigate the equivariant symplectic minimality and equivariant symplectic cone of a given $G$-rational surface., 34 pages

Let $M$ be a closed, oriented, smooth $4-$manifold with intersection form $\Gamma$, $A(\Gamma)$ the automorphism group of $\Gamma$ and $D(M)$ the subgroup induced by orientation-preserving diffeomorphisms of $M$. In this note we study the question when $D(M)$ is of infinite index in $A(\Gamma)$ for a symplectic 4-manifold., Comment: 14 pages

Idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia are one of the most important reasons for male infertility. Abnormal karyotype and azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletion are two widely acknowledged reasons, but the most causes remain unclear. Y chromosome, as the male-specific chromosome, is closely related to the development of male reproductive system. To understand better the etiology of idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia, we investigated the possible association between Y-haplogroup distributions and susceptibility to idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligospermia. Peripheral blood was collected from 193 men with normal reproductive history, 193 men with idiopathic azoospermia, and 72 men with idiopathic severe oligospermia. All the subjects underwent karyotyping and AZF deletion analysis to screen out those with AZF deletion and abnormal karyotype. The comparison of Y-haplogroup distribution between experimental group and control group was performed with SPSS V.18.0 software. Significant difference of Y-haplogroup distribution was observed in D1*, F*, K*, N1* and O3*(P=0.032, 0.022, 0.009, 0.009, 0.017

In this article, we consider the problem of lifting the GW theory of a symplectic divisor to that of the ambient manifold in the context of symplectic birational geometry. In particular, we generalize Maulik–Pandharipande’s relative/absolute correspondence to relative-divisor/absolute correspondence. Then, we use it to lift a minimal uniruled invariant of a divisor to that of the ambient manifold.

In this paper we prove the connectedness of symplectic ball packings in the complement of a spherical Lagrangian, S^2 or RP^2, in symplectic manifolds that are rational or ruled. Via a symplectic cutting construction this is a natural extension of McDuff's connectedness of ball packings in other settings and this result has applications to several different questions: smooth knotting and unknottedness results for spherical Lagrangians, the transitivity of the action of the symplectic Torelli group, classifying Lagrangian isotopy classes in the presence of knotting, and detecting Floer-theoretically essential Lagrangian tori in the del Pezzo surfaces., 25 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor corrections and clarifications, added discussion after Corollary 1.2. To appear in Selecta Mathematica

We introduce the Kodaira dimension of contact 3-manifolds and establish some basic properties. Contact 3-manifolds with distinct Kodaira dimensions behave differently when it comes to the geography of various kinds of symplectic fillings. On the other hand, we also prove that, given any contact 3-manifold, there is a lower bound of $2\chi +3\sigma $ for all of its minimal symplectic fillings. This is motivated by Stipsicz’s result in [38] for Stein fillings. Finally, we discuss various aspects of exact self-cobordisms of fillable contact 3-manifolds.

Let J be an almost complex structure on a 4 -dimensional and unimodular Lie algebra g . We show that there exists a symplectic form taming J if and only if there is a symplectic form compatible with J . We also introduce groups H J + ( g ) and H J − ( g ) as the subgroups of the Chevalley–Eilenberg cohomology classes which can be represented by J -invariant, respectively J -anti-invariant, 2 -forms on g . and we prove a cohomological J -decomposition theorem following Draˇghici et al. (2010) [12] : H 2 ( g ) = H J + ( g ) ⊕ H J − ( g ) . We discover that tameness of J can be characterized in terms of the dimension of H J ± ( g ) , just as in the complex surface case. We also describe the tamed and compatible symplectic cones. Finally, two applications to homogeneous J on 4 -manifolds are obtained.

Antibacterial proteins/peptides are important parts of the innate immune system in Clarias gariepinus. To examine potential antibacterial proteins/peptides in organs and mucus of C. gariepinus, crude protein/peptide extracts were isolated with ammonium sulfate precipitation from mucus, skin, gill, suprabranchial organ and intestine. Following further extraction using Sephadex G-50 gel filtration chromatography, the proteins/peptides associated with two absorption peaks (AP1 and AP2) were pooled, respectively, and assayed for their antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda. The results showed that AP1 and AP2 from all the sampled tissues and mucus at concentration of 100 mg mL-1 exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. Differences in antibacterial activity were observed among sample extracts. The protein profiles of AP1 obtained by Tricine-SDS-PAGE gel showed a broad range of peptides/proteins, and molecular weight of the mutual abundant peptide obtained was about 27 kDa. Antibacterial activity of AP2 extracted from intestine was due to peptide with molecular weight of 5.5 kDa.

We describe a circle-sum construction of smoothly embedded surface in a smooth 4-manifold. We apply this construction to give a simpler solution of the minimal genus problem for nontrivial S 2 bundles over surfaces. We also treat the case of blow-ups.

We generalize Bangert's non-hyperbolicity result for uniformly tamed almost complex structures on standard symplectic $R^{2n}$ to asymtotically standard symplectic manifolds., 11 pages

To investigate the relationship between the dynamic variation of pre-ablation stimulated thyroglobulin(sTg)and distant metastasis in patietns with differentiated thyroid cancer(DTC).DTC patients after total or near total thyroidectomy were divided into two groups as M1 group(n=38)and M0 group(n=130)according to the presence of distant metastases or not. Clinical data including pre-ablation sTg and the corresponding thyrotropin(TSH)values were dynamically measured. The pre-ablation sTg and corresponding TSH collected at the first time were defined as Tg1 and TSH1,while as Tg2 and TSH2 at the last time. χ(2) test was used to compare the variation tendency of sTg between these two groups. Tg1,Tg2,pre-ablation sTg variation(∆Tg),and ∆Tg/∆TSH ratio between M0 and M1 were compared by Mann-Whitney rank-sum test. The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and diagnostic critical point(DCP)were employed to evaluate the predictive values of the above indicators.Both Tg1 and Tg2 of M1 were significantly higher than those of M0(the Mann-Whitney rank-sum test:Tg1 P0.001,Tg2 P0.001). The corresponding areas under the ROC curve(AUC)to differentiate the two groups were 0.921 and 0.942,respectively. The cut-off value of Tg2,which was more accurate in predicting distant metastasis,was 24.3 ng/ml with a sensitivity of 92.11% and a specificity of 83.85%. Both ∆Tg and ∆Tg/∆TSH between these two groups were significantly different(the Mann-Whitney rank-sum test:∆Tg P=0.002,∆Tg/∆TSH P0.001). ∆Tg/∆TSH worked better than Tg2 in predicting distant metastasis with both higher accuracy(87.50%)and higher specificity(86.92%).Dynamically tracing pre-ablation sTg may improve the accuracy and specificity of distant metastases prediction in DTC patients. ∆Tg/∆TSH,which means the ratio of sTg variation to TSH variation,may be a useful diagnostic marker for predicting distant metastases in DTC.

We derive an adjunction inequality for any smooth, closed, connected, oriented 4-manifold $X$ with $b^+=1$. This inequality depends only on the cohomology algebra and generalizes the inequality of Strle in the case of $b_1=0$. We demonstrate that the inequality is especially powerful when $2\tilde \chi+3\sigma\geq 0$, where $\tilde \chi$ is the modified Euler number taking account of the cup product on $H^1$., Comment: 23 pages, accepted for publication by the Journal of Topology

As a candidate of quantum gravity in ultrahigh energy, the $(3+1)$-dimensional Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz (HL) gravity with critical exponent $z\ne 1$, indicates anisotropy between time and space at short distance. In the paper, we investigate the most general $z=d$ Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity in arbitrary spatial dimension $d$, with a generic dynamical Ricci flow parameter $\lambda$ and a detailed balance violation parameter $\epsilon$. In arbitrary dimensional generalized HL$_{d+1}$ gravity with $z\ge d$ at long distance, we study the topological neutral black hole solutions with general $\lambda$ in $z=d$ HL$_{d+1}$, as well as the topological charged black holes with $\lambda=1$ in $z=d$ HL$_{d+1}$. The HL gravity in the Lagrangian formulation is adopted, while in the Hamiltonian formulation, it reduces to Dirac$-$De Witt's canonical gravity with $\lambda=1$. In particular, the topological charged black holes in $z=5$ HL$_6$, $z=4$ HL$_5$, $z=3,4$ HL$_4$ and $z=2$ HL$_3$ with $\lambda=1$ are solved. Their asymptotical behaviors near the infinite boundary and near the horizon are explored respectively. We also study the behavior of the topological black holes in the $(d+1)$-dimensional HL gravity with $U(1)$ gauge field in the zero temperature limit and finite temperature limit, respectively. Thermodynamics of the topological charged black holes with $\lambda=1$, including temperature, entropy, heat capacity, and free energy are evaluated., Comment: 51 pages, published version. The theoretical framework of z=d HL gravity is set up, and higher curvature terms in spatial dimension become relevant at UV fixed point. Lovelock term, conformal term, new massive term, and Chern-Simons term with different critical exponent z are studied

The smooth minimal genera for ξ∈H2(CP2#nCP2,Z) are determined completely when n⩽9 and 0>ξ2>−16. In particular, we find that ξ is represented by an embedded 2-sphere when 0>ξ2>−n−7 and n⩽9.

Let $M$ be a closed, oriented, smooth $4-$manifold with intersection form $\Gamma$, $A(\Gamma)$ the automorphism group of $\Gamma$ and $D(M)$ the subgroup induced by orientation-preserving diffeomorphisms of $M$. In this note we study the question when $D(M)$ is of infinite index in $A(\Gamma)$ for a symplectic 4-manifold.

1 IntroductionIt remains a central question in four manifold topology which quadratic formoccurs as the intersection form of an orientable four manifold. In the topologicalcategory, there is a beautiful answer. The celebrated result of Freedman assertsthat all the quadratic forms can be realized. However, in the smooth category, wehave a rather different picture. By the surprising result of Donaldson ([D], [FS],[A]), among the definite quadratic forms, only the diagonalizable ones can berealized.Thereisalsoalongstanding11

In this paper we set up the family Seiberg-Witten theory. It can be applied to the counting of nodal pseudo-holomorphic curves in a symplectic 4-manifold (especially a Kahler surface). A new feature in this theory is that the chamber structure plays a more prominent role. We derive some wall crossing formulas measuring how the family Seiberg-Witten invariants change from one chamber to another.

Idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia are one of the most important reasons for male infertility. Abnormal karyotype and azoospermia factor (AZF) microdeletion are two widely acknowledged reasons, but the most causes remain unclear. Y chromosome, as the male-specific chromosome, is closely related to the development of male reproductive system. To understand better the etiology of idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia, we investigated the possible association between Y-haplogroup distributions and susceptibility to idiopathic azoospermia and severe oligospermia. Peripheral blood was collected from 193 men with normal reproductive history, 193 men with idiopathic azoospermia, and 72 men with idiopathic severe oligospermia. All the subjects underwent karyotyping and AZF deletion analysis to screen out those with AZF deletion and abnormal karyotype. The comparison of Y-haplogroup distribution between experimental group and control group was performed with SPSS V.18.0 software. Significant difference of Y-haplogroup distribution was observed in D1*, F*, K*, N1* and O3*(P=0.032, 0.022, 0.009, 0.009, 0.017,0.05). The results suggest that Y chromosome haplogroup plays a important role in spermatogenic impairment.

Starting from evaluating all Gaussian sums, we calculate {τr, r≥2} (in the 4r-th cyclotomic fields) and {ξr, r odd≥3} (in the r-th cyclotomic fields) for all lens spaces L(p, q). We prove that they are all algebraic integers and show that ξr determines the Dedekind sum s(q, p), and hence determines the generalized Casson invariant of lens space. We conjecture these two properties hold for more general 3-manifold, and some evidences are discussed. Though the formulae are not simple, we are able to give necessary and sufficient conditions for lens spaces to have the same CSWJ invariants. Examples of lens spaces with the same invariants but different topological types are given. Some applications in number theory are also included.