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(1) To evaluate the prognostic value of LV remodeling parameters in patients with LV aneurysm by gated SPECT (GSPECT), gated PET (GPET) and CMR; (2) to evaluate the impact of myocardial viability and LV remodeling on the long-term cardiac survival in patients with LV aneurysm. One hundred and twenty-six consecutive patients underwent GPET, GSPECT and CMR within two weeks, with a mean follow-up of 3.9 ± 1.5 years. End-diastolic volume (EDV, mL) and end-systolic volume (ESV, mL) measured by GPET, GSPECT and CMR and corrected for BSA; EDVI and ESVI were calculated. Patients were divided into three groups by aneurysmal viability [mismatch score (MMS) of aneurysm ≥2.0] and LV remodeling (ESVI by GPET > 60 mL/m2). Group 1 (Viability -, LV remodeling -); Group 2 (Viability -, LV remodeling +) and Group 3 (Viability +, LV remodeling -/+). ESVI by GPET, MMS of aneurysm and summed rest score of aneurysm by multivariate regression analysis; as well as ESVI by GPET (HR 1.024, 95% CI 1.011-1.037, p = .0004), MMS of aneurysm (HR 1.284, 95% CI 1.051-1.577, p = .015) by interaction analysis were approved being independent predictors for cardiac death (p < .05). The long-term cardiac survival was significantly improved by revascularization in comparison with medical therapy in Group3 (p < .01), but did not significantly differ between Groups 1 and 2. ESVI by GPET showed a significant positive predictive value for cardiac death. Patients with viable myocardial aneurysm were most likely at increased risk for cardiac death and coronary revascularization was significantly associated with improved long-term cardiac survival. In contrast, the long-term cardiac survival of patients without LV remodeling and without aneurysmal viability was promising and, thus, could be treated by medical therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To compare the accuracy of end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (EDV, ESV) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) measured by both GSPECT and GPET, using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) as a reference. Furthermore, the impacts of severe perfusion defects, akinetic/dyskinetic segments, and residual viable myocardium on the accuracy of LV functional parameters were investigated. Methods: Ninety-six consecutive patients with LV aneurysm and LV dysfunction (LVEF 32 ± 9%) diagnosed by CMR were studied with GSPECT and GPET. EDV, ESV, and LVEF were calculated using QGS software. Results: Correlations of volumes were excellent ( r 0.81-0.86) and correlation of LVEF was moderate ( r 0.65-0.76) between GSPECT vs CMR and between GPET vs CMR. Compared with CMR, ESV was overestimated by GSPECT ( P < .01) and underestimated by GPET ( P < .0001); EDV was underestimated by GPET ( P < .001); LVEF was underestimated by GSPECT but overestimated by GPET (both P < .001). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the number of segments with severe perfusion defects ( P < .001) was the only independent factor which was correlated to the EDV difference between GSPECT and CMR, the number of akinetic/dyskinetic segments with absent wall thickening (WT) was the only independent factor which was significantly correlated to the differences of ESV and LVEF measurements between GSPECT vs CMR and between GPET vs CMR ( P < .0001), respectively. Neither the mismatch score nor the segments with viable myocardium were correlated to the differences of LV volumes and LVEF measurements between different imaging modalities. Conclusions: In LV aneurysm patients, LV volumes and LVEF measured by both GSPECT and GPET imaging correlated well with those determined by CMR, but should not be interchangeable in individual patients. The accuracy of LVEF measured by GSPECT and GPET was affected by the akinetic/dyskinetic segments with absent WT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of radiomic features based on 18 F-FDG PET/CT images within (intranodular) and around (perinodular) lung nodules/masses in distinguishing between lung adenocarcinoma and pulmonary granulomas., Methods: For this retrospective study, 18 F-FDG PET/CT images were collected for 228 patients. Patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma ( n = 156) or granulomas ( n = 72) were randomly assigned to a training ( n = 159) and validation ( n = 69) groups. The volume of interest (VOI) of intranodular, perinodular (1-5 voxels, termed Lesion&#95;margin1 to Lesion&#95;margin5) and total area (intra- plus perinodular region, termed Lesion&#95;total1 to Lesion&#95;total5) on PET/CT images were delineated using PETtumor and Marge tool of segmentation editor. A total of 1,037 radiomic features were extracted separately from PET and CT images, and the optimal features were selected to develop radiomic models. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)., Results: Good and acceptable performance was, respectively, observed in the training (AUC = 0.868, p < 0.001) and validation (AUC = 0.715, p = 0.004) sets for the intranodular radiomic model. Among the perinodular models, the Lesion&#95;margin2 model demonstrated the highest AUC in both sets (0.883 and 0.616, p < 0.001 and p = 0.122). Similarly, in terms of total models, Lesion&#95;total2 model was found to outperform others in the training (AUC = 0.879, p < 0.001) and validation (AUC = 0.742, p = 0.001) sets, slightly surpassing the intranodular model., Conclusion: When intra- and perinodular radiomic features extracted from the immediate vicinity of the nodule/mass up to 2 voxels distance on 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging are combined, improved differential diagnostic performance in distinguishing between lung adenocarcinomas and granulomas is achieved compared to the intra- and perinodular radiomic features alone., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Tian, Hu, Li, Zhang, Wei, Li, Chen, Zheng, Yang, Qin and Bian.)