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No Brasil, a seringueira Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) é plantada em áreas de escape para evitar a doença do mal-das-folhas. Embora haja relatos de danos ocasionados por insetos e ácaros na literatura, estes são esparsos. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento populacional da comunidade de Scolytinae, Platypodinae (Curculionidae) e Bostrichidae em um plantio de seringueira em Goianésia, estado de Goiás, com armadilhas de impacto de voo iscadas com etanol, de março de 2013 a março de 2014. Scolytinae (13 gêneros, 29 espécies) foi o grupo mais abundante, representando mais de 99% dos espécimes capturados, enquanto que seis espécies de Bostrichidae, sete de Cerambycidae e duas de Platypodinae foram também capturadas. Hypothenemus obscurus (Scolytinae) representou cerca de 89% de todos os exemplares capturados. Embora nenhum ataque a árvores vivas tenha sido observado durante a pesquisa, espécies com capacidade conhecida de atacar e colonizar com sucesso árvores vivas foram capturadas neste estudo. Talvez isso seja uma indicação de que a plantação é bem gerenciada, não fornecendo condições para que isso ocorra.

Oral administration of medication to experimental animals is a cause of significant stress. When coupled to animals who are already under strenuous circumstances due to the disease being modelled, there is a significant risk for increased morbidity and mortality, thus influencing the results. Faced with these constraints, a low-intensity method for oral administration was developed, based solely on the natural behaviour of the animals and minimal conditioning, in which precise doses of medication were administered in a locally available, standard wheat cookie fragment, providing both a palatable vehicle and an absorbent matrix for the medication. Fast administration to large numbers of animals was thus achieved, safeguarding the animals’ welfare and ensuring ease of handling. This method is a promising alternative to oral gavage in pre-clinical drug studies with laboratory mice.

Resumo A hemoglobinúria do percussionista é uma entidade subdiagnosticada, pouco descrita na literatura científica. É uma síndrome que envolve hemólise intravascular com consequente hemoglobinúria em músicos de instrumentos de percussão manual quando são sujeitos a trauma repetitivo das mãos por períodos prolongados. A lesão renal aguda associada à hemoglobinúria do percussionista é habitualmente multifatorial, e relaciona-se com a toxicidade do pigmento no rim, a desidratação e o consumo de anti-inflamatórios não esteróides. Apresentamos um caso de um doente de 30 anos, mú-sico percussionista, com diagnóstico de hemoglobinúria do percussionista com lesão renal aguda após um concerto de percussão de longa duração e elevada intensidade.

In Brazil, the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) is heavily planted in the so-called escape areas in order to avoid leaf blight. While there are reports on damage inflicted by insects and mites in the literature, these are sparse. The objective of this study was to survey the community of Scolytinae, Platypodinae (Curculionidae) and Bostrichidae, in a rubber tree plantation in Goianésia, state of Goiás, Brazil, with ethanol-baited flight intercept traps from March 2013 through March 2014. Scolytinae beetles (13 genera, 29 species) were the most abundant group, accounting for over 99% of trapped specimens, while six Bostrichidae, seven Cerambycidae and two Platypodinae species were also caught. Hypothenemus obscurus (Scolytinae) comprised ca. 89% of all trapped specimens. While no attack on live trees was observed during the survey, species with known ability to attack and successfully colonize standing trees were trapped in this study. Perhaps this is an indication that the plantation is well managed, not providing conditions where attacks on live trees may occur. RESUMO No Brasil, a seringueira Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) é plantada em áreas de escape para evitar a doença do mal-das-folhas. Embora haja relatos de danos ocasionados por insetos e ácaros na literatura, estes são esparsos. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento populacional da comunidade de Scolytinae, Platypodinae (Curculionidae) e Bostrichidae em um plantio de seringueira em Goianésia, estado de Goiás, com armadilhas de impacto de voo iscadas com etanol, de março de 2013 a março de 2014. Scolytinae (13 gêneros, 29 espécies) foi o grupo mais abundante, representando mais de 99% dos espécimes capturados, enquanto que seis espécies de Bostrichidae, sete de Cerambycidae e duas de Platypodinae foram também capturadas. Hypothenemus obscurus (Scolytinae) representou cerca de 89% de todos os exemplares capturados. Embora nenhum ataque a árvores vivas tenha sido observado durante a pesquisa, espécies com capacidade conhecida de atacar e colonizar com sucesso árvores vivas foram capturadas neste estudo. Talvez isso seja uma indicação de que a plantação é bem gerenciada, não fornecendo condições para que isso ocorra.

Este relatório aborda todo o meu percurso no estágio curricular, realizado na EB D. Domingos Jardo no ano letivo 2020/2021. Ao longo deste relatório abordo as atividades realizadas em cada área, refletindo sobre os aspetos positivos e erros cometidos, assim como estratégias utilizadas para superar as minhas dificuldades. O relatório está dividido em três grandes momentos. Num primeiro momento caracterizo todo o meu meio envolvente, no segundo reflito sobre as atividades realizadas ao longo das quatro áreas que compõem o estágio, e por último, reflito sobre as aprendizagens que retiro do estágio e a forma como estas construíram e modificaram as minhas ideias e identidade enquanto professor de educação física. This report covers my entire journey in the curricular internship, held at EB D. Domingos Jardo in the 2020/2021 academic year. Throughout this report, I discuss the activities carried out in each area, reflecting on the positive aspects and mistakes made, as well as strategies used to overcome my difficulties. The report is divided into three main moments. At first, I characterize all my surroundings, in the second, I reflect on the activities carried out throughout the four areas that make up the internship, and finally, I reflect on the lessons I learn from the internship and the way they built and modified my ideas and identity as a physical education teacher.

O presente projeto surge no âmbito do Mestrado em Energia Eletrotécnica e pretende evidenciar um conjunto de acontecimentos, vivências e experiências, aprofundando um conjunto de fatores que influenciam os riscos elétricos em ambiente hospitalar. O projeto foi realizado em parceria com a empresa SUCH – Serviço de Utilização Comum dos Hospitais, uma associação privada sem fins lucrativos que visa promover a redução de custos e o aumento da qualidade e eficiência dos seus associados. O trabalho desenvolvido durante o período estabelecido teve como principal objetivo estudar e aprofundar os métodos de avaliação dos riscos elétricos nas unidades hospitalares. As unidades de saúde hoje em dia, abarcam muitas exigências a nível de instalações elétricas, sendo muito importante que estejam bem protegidas e que garantam as necessidades hospitalares de forma eficaz e segura. Tendo em conta quer o fator tecnológico quer o fator humano, é necessário garantir toda a segurança elétrica perante os doentes e para com os profissionais de saúde. Garantias que são dadas por técnicos especializados em ambiente hospitalar através de um acompanhamento constante das instalações. Com o desenvolvimento de dois métodos de avaliação de riscos elétricos assentes na atividade de exploração das instalações elétricas e na avaliação de segurança aos blocos operatórios, conseguiu-se elaborar dois fluxogramas que exemplificam as metodologias de avaliação aplicadas neste contexto. Metodologias que têm por objetivo auxiliarem os técnicos a tomarem decisões de forma assertiva, concreta e de maneira eficaz. Deste modo, salienta-se a importância destes processos que apesar de toda a inovação e melhorias, existe sempre um risco associado à prestação de cuidados de saúde, quer sejam eles de caráter clínico (associado aos equipamentos) ou não clínico (fatores ambientais, arquitetónicos, entre outros), salientando a importância da sua identificação e solução.

Dissertação de Mestrado em Geografia Humana, Planeamento e Territórios Saudáveis apresentada à Faculdade de Letras Actualmente a saúde é reconhecida pelo seu caracter multidimensional e não apenas como “ausência de doença”. Por esse facto importa avaliar as condições que influenciam a saúde, partindo dos factores individuais (biológicos e genéticos) e incluindo os comportamentais e ambientais (local de residência, trabalho/estudo e recreio) e, ainda, os contextos sociais e políticos que se reflectem, por exemplo, na oferta dos serviços de saúde e na garantia (ou não) de acesso equitativo a esses serviços. O aparecimento da pandemia da Covid-19 e a implementação de medidas de confinamento, de forma a reduzir a transmissão do vírus, fizeram com que a população passasse mais tempo dentro das suas habitações. A habitação, para grande parte da população, passou a assumir um papel multifacetado, de local originalmente de descanso e abrigo transformou-se, também, em local de trabalho e de lazer, ganhando maior importância no que à saúde diz respeito. Este trabalho tem como objectivo avaliar a relação entre as condições da habitação e a saúde da população residente município de Coimbra, em 2020, analisando (i) a associação entre a habitação e estado de saúde auto-avaliado e (ii) o impacto da proximidade à habitação de oferta de espaços públicos de lazer e de convívio na saúde durante o isolamento imposto pela COVID-19. Numa primeira fase, foi recolhida evidência científica sobre a temática, através da leitura de um vasto conjunto de textos científicos. Na segunda fase foram analisados os dados recolhidos no questionário aplicado em Coimbra (1117 indivíduos, classificados em três tipologias de freguesias: urbanas, periurbanas e rurais), utilizando estatística descritiva (teste qui-quadrado) com auxílio do software informático R-Studio. Verificou-se que os tipos de habitação mais frequentes são o Apartamento ou Casa Geminada (48%) e a Moradia ou Vivenda (48%). Mais de metade dos inquiridos (59%) considera o seu estado de saúde como Bom ou Muito Bom. Os principais resultados obtidos demonstram que indivíduos que referem viver em piores condições de habitação tendem a avaliar pior o seu estado de saúde (p

Drug-induced pancreatitis is a rare entity accounting for less than 2% of acute pancreatitis (AP). Quinolones are commonly used antimicrobials with occasional reports of pancreatitis. We present the case of a 74-year-old man who was diagnosed with acute cystitis five days before hospital admission and was treated with levofloxacin (LVF). Two days after initiating LVF he experienced fever, severe abdominal pain, and nausea. The initial assessment revealed leukocytosis, elevated C-reactive protein, and a significant elevation of amylase and lipase. On abdominal ultrasound, the head of the pancreas revealed an hypoechogenic region suggestive of inflammatory edema. A diagnosis of AP was established. The drug was withdrawn along with supportive care, with complete resolution of the symptoms. No other probable causes of AP were found after further investigation. Although rare, LVF-induced pancreatitis should be considered when managing a patient with AP. Increasing physician awareness is vital to the prompt recognition of this entity.

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency that presents with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. We report the case of a 33-year-old man, initially referred to the outpatient internal medicine clinic for anemia. At the evaluation, the patient complained of diarrhea and unintentional weight loss for the last six months. He had no known medical conditions, but his previous medical history highlighted recurrent respiratory infections since childhood and also oral ulcers. The investigation identified iron-deficiency anemia caused by a malabsorption syndrome due to chronic giardiasis (Giardia lamblia cysts identified in fecal culture and Giardia lamblia trophozoites identified in the villi epithelium). Further investigation revealed bilateral bronchiectasis and splenomegaly. Suspecting CVID, a serum protein electrophoresis was performed, which showed a flattening of the gamma region, corresponding to a severe deficit of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA, and IgM. A deficiency in the production of IgG in response to immunizations was confirmed, and the other causes of hypogammaglobulinemia were excluded. Therefore, a diagnosis of CVID was established. Malabsorption due to chronic giardiasis is a rare cause of iron deficiency anemia and an unusual presentation of CVID.

Spatial data (e.g., phytopathogenic data) do not always meet assumptions such as stationarity, isotropy and Gaussian distribution, thereby requiring complex spatial methods and models. Some deterministic assumption-free methods such as the inverse distance weighting can also be applied to predict spatial data, but their output is limited for graphical solutions (mapping). We adapted a computer-based prediction method called Circular Variable Radius Moving Window (CVRMW) that is based on two others: moving window kriging (MWK) and inverse squared-distance weighting (ISDW). The algorithm is developed to meet an objective function that minimizes the index of variation of the spatial observations inside the moving window. A code in R language is presented and thoroughly described. The outputs include the range of the spatial dependence as the radius calculated at every target location and the standard error of the predicted values, mapped to provide a useful tool for spatial exploratory analysis. The method does not make any assumptions about the spatial process, and it is an alternative for dealing with spatial heterogeneity. Spatial data (e.g., phytopathogenic data) do not always meet assumptions such as stationarity, isotropy and Gaussian distribution, thereby requiring complex spatial methods and models. Some deterministic assumption-free methods such as the inverse distance weighting can also be applied to predict spatial data, but their output is limited for graphical solutions (mapping). We adapted a computer-based prediction method called Circular Variable Radius Moving Window (CVRMW) that is based on two others: moving window kriging (MWK) and inverse squared-distance weighting (ISDW). The algorithm is developed to meet an objective function that minimizes the index of variation of the spatial observations inside the moving window. A code in R language is presented and thoroughly described. The outputs include the range of the spatial dependence as the radius calculated at every target location and the standard error of the predicted values, mapped to provide a useful tool for spatial exploratory analysis. The method does not make any assumptions about the spatial process, and it is an alternative for dealing with spatial heterogeneity.

This study examined whether a knee flexor isometric contraction at 20% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction until exhaustion would alter the biceps femoris long head (BFlh) and semitendinosus (ST) active stiffness, assessed using ultrasound-based shear wave elastography. Twelve healthy individuals participated in 2 sessions separated by 7 days. Time to exhaustion was similar in both sessions (day 1: 443.8 ± 192.5 s; day 2: 474.6 ± 131.7 s; p = 0.323). At the start of the fatigue task, the ST showed greater active stiffness than the BFlh (p

Bracken (Pteridium spp.) is a common weed that is consumed as food especially in Asia, and is suspected of promoting carcinogenesis induced by papillomaviruses in the digestive and urinary systems. This is particularly worrying because the incidence of head-and-neck cancers associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV) is rapidly increasing, and HPV co-carcinogens urgently need to be identified. This study tested the hypothesis that two bracken compounds, ptaquiloside and rutin, are able to promote head-and-neck and bladder carcinogenesis in HPV16-transgenic mice. Expression of HPV16 E6 and E7 in oral and bladder tissues was confirmed using quantitative real-time PCR. Mice were exposed orally to ptaquiloside (0.5 mg per animal per week for 10 weeks from 20 weeks-old) or rutin (413 mg kg-1 day-1 for 24 weeks from 6 weeks-old), sacrificed at 30 weeks-old and studied histologically. HPV16 E6 and E7 expression was higher in oral mucosa compared with the bladder (p 0.001). Importantly, ptaquiloside, but not rutin, increased the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinomas (p = 1.2 × 10-8) in HPV16-transgenic mice. Also, cancers of unexposed transgenic mice were restricted to the tongue base, while ptaquiloside-exposed mice showed multifocal lesions throughout the oral cavity. Wild-type controls showed no oral lesions. No bladder lesions were observed in any treated or untreated group. These results indicate that ptaquiloside from bracken is able to promote oral carcinogenesis initiated by HPV16. Rutin did not show any carcinogenic effects in this model. The absence of bladder lesions may reflect an insufficient incubation period or factors related to the specific viral oncogenes present in this model.

This study investigated the relationship between back squat depth capacity, ankle dorsiflexion resistance to stretch and maximal range of motion (ROM), and Achilles tendon stiffness of healthy individuals (n = 20). Squat depth capacity was assessed with 2D kinematic analysis. Ankle dorsiflexion maximal ROM was assessed using a smartphone digital goniometry (lunge test) and isokinetic dynamometry (prone test). Ankle dorsiflexion resistance to stretch was assessed during the prone test. Achilles tendon stiffness was estimated at rest [using shear wave elastography (stiffness-SWE)] and during isometric contraction through tendon force-length relationship (using B-mode sonography). Squat depth was associated only with ankle dorsiflexion ROM in the lunge test (r = 0.69, p = 0.001). Ankle dorsiflexion ROM in the lunge test was associated with the ankle resistance to stretch (r = 0.46, p = 0.050) and Achilles tendon stiffness-SWE (r = 0.62, p = 0.005); and it was the only variable different between individuals with low and high squat depth capacity (p = 0.014). No other statistically significant associations were found. In conclusion, back squat depth is associated with ankle dorsiflexion ROM when the knee is flexed, without evident influence of global joint and Achilles tendon mechanical properties.

The purpose of the present study was to verify the influence of lower limb dominance and physical activity (PA) levels on flexibility in healthy young subject. Ninety-nine university students (46 males and 53 females) volunteered for this study. Hip flexion range of motion (ROM) during the passive straight leg raise test was used to estimate lower limb flexibility. PA levels were determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). The dominant limb of the subjects with high PA levels had higher flexibility values than the dominant and non-dominant limb of the subjects with low PA levels (p = 0.026 and p = 0.011, respectively) and the non-dominant limb of the subjects with moderate PA levels (p = 0.038). Thus, this investigation shows that lower limb dominance and PA levels have an influence on the flexibility. High flexibility values were observed in the dominant limb of the subjects with high PA levels. Therefore, this information may be useful when planning injury prevention or rehabilitation protocols for subjects with different PA levels and lower limb flexibility asymmetries. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a influência da dominância dos membros inferiores e dos níveis de atividade física (AF) na flexibilidade em sujeitos jovens e saudáveis. Noventa e nove estudantes universitários (46 homens e 53 mulheres) voluntariaram-se para este estudo transversal. A amplitude de movimento (ADM) de flexão do quadril durante o teste passivo de elevação da perna reta foi medida para estimar a flexibilidade dos membros inferiores. Os níveis de AF foram aferidos pela versão curta do Questionário Internacional de Atividade Física (IPAQ-SF). O membro dominante dos sujeitos com alto nível de AF apresentou maior valor de flexibilidade do que o membro dominante e não dominante dos sujeitos com baixo nível de AF (p = 0,026 e p = 0,011, respectivamente) e do que o membro não dominante dos sujeitos com moderado nível de AF (p = 0,038). Assim, este estudo demonstrou que a dominância do membro inferior e o nível de AF influenciam nos valores de flexibilidade. Maiores valores de flexibilidade foram observados na perna dominante dos sujeitos com alto nível de AF. Desta forma, esta informação pode ser relevante para o planejamento de protocolos de prevenção de lesões ou de reabilitação em indivíduos com níveis distintos de AF e assimetrias de flexibilidade nos membros inferiores.

The desert rose, Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult, is an ornamental plant of the Apocynaceae family with high commercial value, that is used in the ornamentation of gardens, squares and public areas. The rapid expansion of the species has provided a favourable environment for its colonisation by several species of insects and mites in the new regions where it was introduced. The aim of this study was to report the occurrence of, and injuries caused by, phytophagous insects in A. obesum. Observations were made from August to October 2012 in plants of the desert rose used in landscaping at the Federal University of Goias. The samples were collected randomly, and the insects stored in glass containers containing 70% ethanol and forwarded for identification by taxonomists in the area. Two species of cochineals were identified: Hemiberlesia rapax Comstock (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae), and the oleander aphid Aphis nerii Boyer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), which were damaging the leaves, flowers and stem of the desert rose. During the observations, natural enemies of A. nerii, such as parasitoids, were found due to the presence of mummies (parasitised individuals), as well as predators, such as chrysopidae, coccinellidae and Syrphidae. This is the first report of H. rapax occurring in A. obesum. = A rosa do deserto, Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult, é uma planta ornamental da família Apocynaceae, de elevado valor comercial, que é empregada na ornamentação de jardins, praças e áreas públicas. A rápida expansão dessa espécie propiciou um ambiente favorável para sua colonização por diversas espécies de insetos e ácaros em novas regiões de introdução. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com este estudo relatar a ocorrência e injúrias ocasionadas por insetos fitófagos em A. obesum. Assim, foram realizadas observações entre o período de agosto e outubro de 2012, em plantas de rosa do deserto, empregadas no paisagismo da Universidade Federal de Goiás. A coleta foi realizada aleatoriamente, sendo os insetos armazenados em recipientes de vidro contendo etanol 70%, seguindo para identificação por taxonomistas da área. Foram identificadas duas espécies de cochonilhas: Hemiberlesia rapax Comstock (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) e o pulgão Aphis nerii Boyer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), ocasionando injúrias nas folhas, flores e no caule da rosa do deserto. Durante as observações, verificou-se a presença de inimigos naturais de A. nerii, como parasitoides, em razão da presença de múmias (indivíduos parasitados), e também de predadores como crisopídeos, coccinelídeos e sirfídeos. Este é o primeiro relato de ocorrência de H. rapax em A. obesum.

espanolCSAM es un tumor de glandula salival que comparte caracteristicas histologicas, inmunologicas y geneticas con el carcinoma secretor mamario, que incluye una translocacion ETV6 y positividad inmunocitoquimica para la proteina S-100, CK7 y mamaglobina, asi como negatividad para DOG1. Este es un tumor raro con caracteristicas poco comunes en comparacion con otros tumores de glandulas salivales. El caso referido aqui es el de una paciente de 28 anos de edad que se presento en la sala de emergencias debido a una masa palpable en la region parotidea izquierda. Se sometio a una parotidectomia superficial con un abordaje de mini-lifting, con reseccion tumoral, seguida de radioterapia. El tumor identificado compartia la mayoria de las caracteristicas clinicas con otros casos de CSAM descritos en la literatura. EnglishMASC is a salivary gland tumour which shares histological, immunologic and genetic characteristics with mammary secretory carcinoma including an ETV6 translocation and immunocytochemical positivity for S-100 protein, CK7, and mammaglobin as well as negativity for DOG1. This is a rare tumour with uncommon characteristics when compared to other salivary gland tumours. The case reported here is of a 28-year-old female patient who presented in the ER due to a palpable mass in the left parotid region. She underwent a superficial parotidectomy with using a mini-lifting approach, with tumour resection, followed by radiotherapy. The identified tumour shared most of the clinical characteristics with other cases of MASC described in the literature.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is a common problem with consequences ranging from chronic joint instability to early development of osteoarthritis. Recent studies suggest that changes in brain activity (i.e., functional neuroplasticity) may be related to ACL injury. The purpose of this article is to summarize the available evidence of functional brain plasticity after an ACL injury. A scoping review was conducted following the guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The terms “brain,” “activity,” “neuroplasticity,” “ACL,” “injury,” and “reconstruction” were used in an electronic search of articles in PubMed, PEDro, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus databases. Eligible studies included the following criteria: (a) population with ACL injury, (b) a measure of brain activity, and (c) a comparison to the ACL-injured limb (contralateral leg or healthy controls). The search yielded 184 articles from which 24 were included in this review. The effect size of differences in brain activity ranged from small (0.05, ACL-injured vs. noninjured limbs) to large (4.07, ACL-injured vs. healthy control). Moreover, heterogeneity was observed in the methods used to measure brain activity and in the characteristics of the participants included. In conclusion, the evidence summarized in this scoping review supports the notion of functional neuroplastic changes in people with ACL injury. The techniques used to measure brain activity and the presence of possible confounders, as identified and reported in this review, should be considered in future research to increase the level of evidence for functional neuroplasticity following ACL injury.

International audience; ObjectivesNeurodynamic techniques are often used to treat people with sciatica pain, but their mechanical effects on the sciatic nerve are unknown. Shear wave elastography (SWE) has been shown to effectively estimate the stiffness of peripheral nerves in real time. The aim of this study was to use SWE to assess the effects of slump neurodynamics in the sciatic stiffness of people with sciatica.MethodsSixteen participants volunteered for this study. The sciatic stiffness of 8 patients with unilateral chronic sciatica and 8 healthy control participants was measured by SWE, with the participants in a prone position and during a dynamic condition (ie, ankle dorsiflexion). These measurements were performed before and immediately after the neurodynamic intervention, which consisted of a static slump position applied to the symptomatic limb of the patients with sciatica and in a randomly chosen limb of the healthy participants.ResultsThe 8 patients with sciatica included 6 male and 2 female patients, and the 8 healthy control participants included 5 male and 3 female volunteers. Slump neurodynamics resulted in an immediate decrease in the sciatic nerve stiffness of the symptomatic limb in people with sciatica by 16.1% (effect size = 0.65; P = .019). The intervention showed no significant changes in the sciatic nerve stiffness of the healthy participants (effect size = 0.05; P = .754).ConclusionsSlump neurodynamics have the potential of decreasing the sciatic nerve stiffness in people with sciatica, and this effect can be quantified by SWE, which may provide valuable information for health professionals.

Bracken is a fern with worldwide distribution. Exposure to bracken toxins such as ptaquiloside is hypothesized to increase the risk of papillomavirus-related cancers of the upper digestive tract. Ptaquiloside is thought to be an immunosupressor, thus allowing for the development of viral lesions. We have used a human papillomavirus type 16-transgenic (K14-HPV16) mouse model to study the effects of ptaquiloside on tumour-infiltrating CD8(+) T lymphocytes, which are critical players in anti-tumour immunity. HPV16(+/-) mice received ptaquiloside (0.5 mg/mouse/week) for 10 weeks. These were then euthanized at 30 weeks of age, along with age-matched untreated controls. Skin samples were enzymatically digested and CD8(+) T cells analysed for CD107a and CD44 surface expression. Ptaquilosideexposed HPV16(+/-) mice showed a significantly decreased percentage (P < 0.05) of CD8(+)CD107(+) and CD8(+)CD44 T cells when compared with untreated HPV16(+/)- animals. Histologically, 100% of ptaqui-losidetreated mice showed diffuse epidermal dysplasia, compared with 50% of the untreated mice. These findings suggest that ptaquiloside exerts an immunosuppressive role by decreasing CD8(+) T cell activation and degranulation in HPV-induced lesions. Given the key role of CD8(+) T lymphocytes against HPV-induced lesions, this effect is likely to contribute for viral persistence, tumour progression and increased aggressiveness in patients with HPV-related malignancies.

Background Current treatment guidelines caution against osseous reconstruction using free flap tissue to treat bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). The primary rationale for this stance is the theoretical risk of nonunion and recurrence of disease within the reconstruction. Emerging evidence suggests that these theoretical risks may be overestimated. We performed a literature review of this procedure for the treatment of advanced BRONJ. We also present a new case report of resection and microvascular reconstruction in a 58-year-old man with stage III BRONJ. Methods A MEDLINE search was performed to gather all reports of maxillary and mandibular reconstruction using free tissue flap transfer for BRONJ. Inclusion criteria were confirmed stage II or III BRONJ, free tissue transfer and reconstruction, and reported complications. Articles were excluded if they contained only local flap reconstruction, wound closure without reconstruction, or osteoradionecrosis. Outcomes from our case report were added to the analysis. Results We identified 10 articles that met criteria. Adding our case, we identified 40 cases of free flap reconstruction. The rate of nonunion was 5% (2 of 40). Fistulas formed in 4 cases (10%). BRONJ recurred in 2 cases (5%). Conclusion Complication rates after free flap microvascular reconstruction in BRONJ seem acceptable. Nonunion is relatively rare and should not be the sole reason to recommend against free flap reconstruction. A randomized clinical trial would help clarify the role of this procedure in refractory BRONJ; however, we believe that segmental resection and microvascular reconstruction is a viable option in select cases of BRONJ. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2016

espanolEste articulo presenta el caso clinico de un gran quiste dermoide lateral en el suelo de la boca, extirpado quirurgicamente por abordaje intraoral, inicialmente diagnosticado erroneamente por estudios de imagen como una ranula. Otros casos de quistes dermoides diagnosticados preoperatoriamente como una ranula estan presentes en la literatura, pero ninguno compara directamente sus aspectos clinicos, radiologicos y terapeuticos. Este articulo tambien tratara estos aspectos para, posiblemente, ayudarles en su diagnostico y manejo correctos. EnglishThis article presents the case report of a giant lateral dermoid cyst in the floor of mouth surgically excised by intraoral approach, initially misdiagnosed by imaging studies as a ranula. Other cases of dermoid cysts preoperatively diagnosed ranulae are present in literature, but none directly compares their clinical, radiological and therapeutic aspects. This article will also discuss these aspects in order to possibly aid in their correct diagnosis and management.

The nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B) has been implicated in the progression of cancers induced by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV). In cancer patients, NF-kappa B is also thought to drive a chronic systemic inflammatory status, leading to cachexia. This study addressed the ability of dimethylaminoparthenolide (DMAPT), a water-soluble NF-kappa B inhibitor, to block the development of HPV-induced lesions and wasting syndrome in HPV16-transgenic mice. Mice received DMAPT orally (100 mg/kg/day), once a day, for 6 consecutive weeks. Body weight was monitored weekly along with food and water intake. After 6 weeks the animals were submitted to a grip strength test and sacrificed for specimen collection. Skin samples were analyzed histologically and for expression of NF-kappa B-regulated genes Bcl2 and Bcl2l1. Gastrocnemius muscles were weighted and analyzed for expression of NF-kappa B subunits p50, p52, p65, and Rel-B. DMAPT reduced the incidence of epidermal dysplasia (18.2% versus 33.3% in HPV16(+/-) untreated mice). This was associated with reduced expression of Bcl2 and Bcl2l1 (p = .0003 and p = .0014, respectively) and reduced neutrophilic infiltration (p = .0339). Treated mice also showed partially preserved bodyweight and strength, which were independent of the expression levels of NF-kappa B subunits in skeletal muscle.These results suggest that NF-kappa B inhibition may be a valid strategy against HPV-induced lesions in vivo and warrant further preclinical tests particularly in the set of combination therapies. In addition, the data may support the use of DMAPT to prevent wasting syndrome.

O presente trabalho procurou explorar a relação entre flosofa e arquitetura. Apesar de serem dois campos distintos entre si, é possível ver a influência da flosofa na forma como os arquitetos pensam. Essa influência é direta mas também indireta pois a arquitetura parte sempre de uma conceção flosófca acerca do mundo, mesmo que essa conceção não seja formulada em termos concretos e funcione mais como o pano de fundo de pensamento das sociedades. Como caso de estudo foi escolhido o período gótico e a ligação entre este e a flosofa medieval. Em todo o estudo do gótico se tentou perceber as razões do início do gó- tico e que mudanças é que o tornaram possível. Para nos auxiliar neste estudo recorreremos principalmente ao trabalho de Erwin Panofsky, historiador do século XX que escreveu sobre a influência da flosofa medieval (escolástica) sobre o gótico. Este trabalho será o ponto de partida para percebermos até que ponto a escolástica influenciou a arquitetura gótica, principalmente sobre a forma como a abertura de pensamento nova que a escolástica abriu permitiu o desenvolvimento da forma gótica, abrindo espaço para o naturalismo na arte e criando, assim, um estilo arquitetónico diferente dos que o antecederam mas capaz de incorporar elementos formais deles, combinando-os com novas formas. Iremos analisar a forma no gótico e a sua evolução entre o baixo e o alto gótico ocorrida na Île-de-France a partir do século XI. The present work explored the relationship between philosophy and architecture. Even though they are two separate felds between each other it’s possible to see the influence philosophy plays in the way architects think. That influence is not only direct but also works in an indirect way because architecture always starts from a philosophical conception of the world, even if we don’t formulate that conception in concrete terms it still works as the background for the thought of a society. As a case study we chose the gothic period and the relationship between gothic architecture and medieval philosophy (scholasticism). In every study of the gothic historians tried to understand the reasons that led to the beginning of gothic architecture and the reasons that made it possible. To help us in this study we will use the work of the twentieth century historian Erwin Panofsky, who wrote extensively about the connection between scholasticism and gothic architecture. His work will be the starting point for us to understand to which degree did scholasticism influenced gothic architecture, especially the way that new currents of thought opened up the way to naturalism in art and to the creation of new forms, creating thus a new architectonic style that incorporated elements from previous styles, combining them with new ones. We will analise the gothic form and its evolution between low and high gothic that occurred in the Île-de-France from the XII century onwards.

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Purpose To assess the stiffness of hamstring muscles during isometric contractions in healthy individuals, using ultrasoundbased shear wave elastography to (1) determine the intra- and inter-day assessment repeatability, (2) characterize the stiffness of semitendinosus (ST) and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) along the contraction intensity, and (3) characterize stiffness distribution among the hamstring muscles and inter-limb symmetry. Methods Two experiments were conducted. In experiment I (n = 12), the intra-day repeatability in assessing the BFlh and ST stiffness were determined at intensities between 10–60% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in a single session. In experiment II (n = 11), the stiffness of the hamstring muscles of both thighs was assessed at 20% of MVIC in the first session; and retested (for one randomly chosen thigh) in a second session. Isometric contraction of knee flexors was performed with the knee flexed at 30° and with the hip in a neutral position. Results Moderate-to-very-high intra- and inter-day repeatability was found (ICC = 0.69–0.93). The BFlh/ST stiffness ratio increased with contraction intensity. At 20% of MVIC, the ST showed the highest stiffness among the hamstring muscles (p < 0.02), with no differences between the remaining hamstring muscles (p > 0.474). No differences were found between limbs (p = 0.12). Conclusions The stiffness distribution among the hamstring muscles during submaximal isometric contractions is heterogeneous, but symmetric between limbs, and changes depending on the contraction intensity. Shear wave elastography is a reliable tool to assess the stiffness of hamstring muscles during contraction. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Objectives—The purpose of this study was to determine whether sciatic nerve stiffness is altered in people with chronic low back–related leg pain by using shear wave elastography. Methods—In this cross-sectional study, the sciatic nerve shear wave velocity (ie, an index of stiffness) was measured in both legs of 16 participants (8 with unilateral low back–related leg pain and 8 healthy controls). Sciatic stiffness was measured during a passive ankle dorsiflexion motion performed at 28/s in an isokinetic dynamometer. The ankle range of motion and passive torque, as well as muscle activity, were also measured. Results—In people with low back–related leg pain, the affected limb showed higher sciatic nerve stiffness compared to the unaffected limb (111.3%; P5.05). However, no differences were observed between the unaffected limb of people with low back–related leg pain and the healthy controls (P5.34). Conclusions—People with chronic low back–related leg pain have interlimb differences in sciatic nerve stiffness, as measured by a safe and noninvasive method: shear wave elastography. The changes found may be related to alterations in nerve mechanical properties, which should be confirmed by future investigations. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Background Cutaneous melanoma is often characterized by its pigmented appearance; however, up to 8.1% of such lesions contain little or no pigmentation. Amelanotic melanomas, lesions devoid of visible pigment, present a diagnostic quandary because they can masquerade as many other skin pathologies. Recognizing amelanotic melanoma is even more clinically challenging when it is first detected as a metastasis to the secondary tissue. Methods We report a rare case of metastasis of an amelanotic melanoma to the parotid gland. Results A 75-year-old man presented with an 8-month history of a painless, mobile, hardened mass in the right parotid region. Histopathological analysis of a fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the parotid mass indicated that the mass was melanoma. Careful clinical and radiological examination revealed an 8 mm erythematous papule in the right temporal scalp, initially diagnosed by visual examination as basal cell carcinoma. After right superficial parotidectomy, neck dissection, and excision of the temporal scalp lesion, histological examination revealed the scalp lesion to be amelanotic melanoma. Conclusion Although metastatic amelanotic melanoma to the parotid gland is a rare diagnosis, the clinician should be familiar with this presentation to increase the likelihood of making the correct diagnosis and delivering prompt treatment. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2015

A rosa do deserto, Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult, é uma planta ornamental da família Apocynaceae, de elevado valor comercial, que é empregada na ornamentação de jardins, praças e áreas públicas. A rápida expansão dessa espécie propiciou um ambiente favorável para sua colonização por diversas espécies de insetos e ácaros em novas regiões de introdução. Dessa forma, objetivou-se com este estudo relatar a ocorrência e injúrias ocasionadas por insetos fitófagos em A. obesum. Assim, foram realizadas observações entre o período de agosto e outubro de 2012, em plantas de rosa do deserto, empregadas no paisagismo da Universidade Federal de Goiás. A coleta foi realizada aleatoriamente, sendo os insetos armazenados em recipientes de vidro contendo etanol 70%, seguindo para identificação por taxonomistas da área. Foram identificadas duas espécies de cochonilhas: Hemiberlesia rapax Comstock (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) e o pulgão Aphis nerii Boyer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), ocasionando injúrias nas folhas, flores e no caule da rosa do deserto. Durante as observações, verificou-se a presença de inimigos naturais de A. nerii, como parasitoides, em razão da presença de múmias (indivíduos parasitados), e também de predadores como crisopídeos, coccinelídeos e sirfídeos. Este é o primeiro relato de ocorrência de H. rapax em A. obesum.

Background/Aim: Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) induces various types of cancer in several locations. Microenvironmental microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miRNA-146a and miRNA-150 regulate cancer-associated inflammation and are involved in HPV-induced carcinogenesis. We studied the effects of celecoxib on the expression of these two miRNAs in HPV16-induced lesions. Materials and Methods: Female transgenic (HPV16+/-) and wild-type (HPV16-/-) mice were administered 75 mg/kg/day celecoxib orally (treatment groups) or placebo (control groups) for four weeks. Skin samples were classified histologically, or used for miRNA analysis by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: HPV16+/- mice showed higher miRNA-146a and miRNA-150 expression levels compared to wild-type animals. Celecoxib further increased miRNA-150 (p

Background Neural mobilization (NM) is widely used to assess and treat several neuromuscular disorders. However, information regarding the NM effects targeting the lower body quadrant is scarce. Objectives To determine the effects of NM techniques targeting the lower body quadrant in healthy and low back pain (LBP) populations. Design Systematic review with meta-analysis. Method Randomized controlled trials were included if any form of NM was applied to the lower body quadrant. Pain, disability, and lower limb flexibility were the main outcomes. PEDro scale was used to assess methodological quality. Results Forty-five studies were selected for full-text analysis, and ten were included in the meta-analysis, involving 502 participants. Overall, studies presented fair to good quality, with a mean PEDro score of 6.3 (from 4 to 8). Five studies used healthy participants, and five targeted people with LBP. A moderate effect size (g = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.48–0.98) was determined, favoring the use of NM to increase flexibility in healthy adults. Larger effect sizes were found for the effect of NM in pain reduction (g = 0.82, 95% CI 0.56–1.08) and disability improvement (g = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.14–2.03), in people with LBP. Conclusion Evidence suggests that there are positive effects from the application of NM to the lower body quadrant. Specifically, NM shows moderate effects on flexibility in healthy participants, and large effects on pain and disability in people with LBP. Nevertheless, more studies with high methodological quality are necessary to support these conclusions.

Background: Neurodynamics techniques aim to assess and improve neural mechanosensitivity. However, there is no in vivo evidence regarding the mechanical effects of these techniques in the nerve stiffness. This study examined the immediate effects of a slump neurodynamics technique in the sciatic nerve shear wave velocity (SWV. i.e. an index of stiffness) using ultrasound-based elastography. Methods: Fourteen healthy participants were included in this experiment. Sciatic SWV and ankle passive torque were measured during a passive ankle dorsiflexion motion (2°/s), before and immediately after 3 minutes of slump neurodynamics technique, randomly applied to one lower limb. The contralateral limb served as control. Results: The slump intervention did not change the sciatic SWV (P=0.78), nor the dorsiflexion passive torque (P=0.14), throughout the ankle dorsiflexion motion. Excellent values of intra-rater repeatability (ICC=0.88, 0.68-0.96), and low values of standard error of measurement (0.59 m/s, 0.35-1.15m/s), were observed for the SWV measurements. Conclusions: The sciatic nerve stiffness of healthy participants did not change immediately after a slump neurodynamics technique, suggesting a compliance of the neural tissue to tensile loads. However, these results ought to be confirmed using other neurodynamics techniques and in other populations (e.g. peripheral neuropathies). Level of evidence: III.