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Prostatic stromal sarcoma (PSS) is a rare malignant tumor t hat often occurs in young people. Despite the fact that their clinical pathological characteristics are well known, our understanding of the imaging characteristics still seems to be limited. In our search of the literature, PSS articles are mainly present as case reports. In this case series of PSS, we aimed to thoroughly describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features, histopathological findings, and distinguishing hallmarks from prostate cancer (PCA)., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.)

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted global tuberculosis (TB) control efforts. The mobilization of healthcare resources and personnel to combat the pandemic, and the nationwide lockdown measures resulted in an accumulation of a large number of undiagnosed TB cases. Exacerbating the situation, recent meta-analyses showed that COVID-19-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the increase. DM is an established risk factor for TB disease and worsens outcomes. Patients with concurrent DM and TB had more lung cavitary lesions, and are more likely to fail TB treatment and suffer disease relapse. This may pose a significant challenge to TB control in low- and middle-income countries where a high TB burden is found. There is a need to step up the efforts to end the TB epidemic, which include increased screening for DM among patients with TB, optimizing glycemic control among patients with TB-DM, and intensifying TB-DM research to improve treatment outcomes for patients with TB-DM., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: CWMO has received speaking fees from Qiagen, outside this work. The other authors declare no competing interests.

The objective of this study was to describe country-specific lockdown measures and tuberculosis indicators collected during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on lockdown/social restrictions (compulsory face masks and hand hygiene; international and local travel restrictions; restrictions to family visits, and school closures) were collected from 24 countries spanning five continents. The majority of the countries implemented multiple lockdowns with partial or full reopening. There was an overall decrease in active tuberculosis, drug-resistant tuberculosis, and latent tuberculosis cases. Although national lockdowns were effective in containing COVID-19 cases, several indicators of tuberculosis were affected during the pandemic.

Background: In Vietnam, after the enactment of 37/2018/QĐ-TTg, a distinct shift could be observed in the international publications by radiological societies., Objctive: This study examined trends in the international publications achieved by Vietnamese radiological societies following the enactment of 37/2018/QĐ-TTg., Methods: This retrospective study evaluated data that are freely accessible and available online and, therefore, did not require institutional review board approval. We assessed the publication characteristics of the members of four Vietnamese radiological societies: Vietnamese Society of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (VSRNM, n = 67); Radiological Society of Ho Chi Minh City (RSHCM, n = 25); Vietnamese Society of Ultrasound in Medicine (VSUM, n = 29); and Vietnamese Society of Interventional Radiology (VSIR, n = 18), following the enactment of 37/2018/QĐ-TTg., Results: Following the enactment of 37/2018/QĐ-TTg, we observed that total publications, number of first authors, number of last authors, number of articles indexed in Web of Science, and number of articles indexed in Scopus were significantly higher for the VSRNM and VSIR than for the RSHCM and VSUM. All publication parameters were significantly higher men, individuals who secured professorship, PhD and Master's degree holders, public hospital employees, those in the radiological field, and those in the north and south regions, compared with the values for women, individuals without professorships, Specialist II and I degree holders, private hospital employees, those in the nuclear medicine field, and those in the middle region, respectively., Conclusion: The enactment of 37/2018/QĐ-TTg triggered a new trend in international publication among the members of four Vietnamese radiological societies. However, strong discrepancies remain in total publications, number of first authors, number of last authors, number of articles indexed in Web of Science, and number of articles indexed in Scopus among the members of the four main Vietnamese radiological societies., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2022 Nguyen Minh Duc, Mai Trong Khoa, Pham Minh Thong.)

Background: Understanding the pathophysiology of central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) is hampered by the lack of a good pre-clinical model that mirrors the human CNS-TB infection. We developed a murine CNS-TB model that demonstrates neurobehavioral changes with similar immunopathology with human CNS-TB., Methods: We injected two Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) strains, H37Rv and CDC1551, respectively, into two mouse strains, C3HeB/FeJ and Nos2 -/- mice, either into the third ventricle or intravenous. We compared the neurological symptoms, histopathological changes and levels of adhesion molecules, chemokines, and inflammatory cytokines in the brain induced by the infections through different routes in different strains., Results: Intra-cerebroventricular infection of Nos2 -/- mice with M.tb led to development of neurological signs and more severe brain granulomas compared to C3HeB/FeJ mice. Compared with CDC1551 M.tb, H37Rv M.tb infection resulted in a higher neurobehavioral score and earlier mortality. Intra-cerebroventricular infection caused necrotic neutrophil-dominated pyogranulomas in the brain relative to intravenous infection which resulted in disseminated granulomas and mycobacteraemia. Histologically, intra-cerebroventricular infection of Nos2 -/- mice with M.tb resembled human CNS-TB brain biopsy specimens. H37Rv intra-cerebroventricular infected mice demonstrated higher brain concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecule ICAM-1 than H37Rv intravenous-infected mice., Conclusions: Intra-cerebroventricular infection of Nos2 -/- mice with H37Rv creates a murine CNS-TB model that resembled human CNS-TB immunopathology, exhibiting the worst neurobehavioral score with a high and early mortality reflecting disease severity and its associated neurological morbidity. Our murine CNS-TB model serves as a pre-clinical platform to dissect host-pathogen interactions and evaluate therapeutic agents for CNS-TB., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Coronavirus disease has disrupted tuberculosis services globally. Data from 33 centers in 16 countries on 5 continents showed that attendance at tuberculosis centers was lower during the first 4 months of the pandemic in 2020 than for the same period in 2019. Resources are needed to ensure tuberculosis care continuity during the pandemic.

Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a weak anesthetic gas that was first used in 1844 in the field of dental anesthesia. However, currently, N 2 O is being abused for entertainment purposes in the form of N 2 O-filled balloons, called funky balls , which can cause many adverse effects, especially nervous system injury. This study aimed to investigate the detailed clinical and subclinical features associated with N 2 O intoxication. We retrospectively reviewed 47 patients diagnosed with N 2 O intoxication, from May 2018 to July 2019, and collected demographic data, clinical and laboratory tests, and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. The mean time of funky ball use was 8.8 months, with a mean use of 36.3 balls per day. All patients presented with superficial sensory disorders. Reductions in muscle strength, decreased vibration sensation, and decreased or lost tendon reflexes were the most common clinical signs of N 2 O intoxication. Romberg sign and Lhermitte sign were observed in 39 patients (83%) and 21 patients (44.7%), respectively. Spinal cord lesions on MRI were observed in 32 patients (68.1%), which mostly presented with an inverted V sign. The total duration of N 2 O use, the number of days of using N 2 O per week, and the presence of Lhermitte sign (P<0.05) were significantly different between patients with and without spinal cord lesions on MRI. Serum levels of homocysteine and vitamin B12 were significantly different between the time of admission and discharge (P<0.05). Our study indicated that the days of using N 2 O per week was significantly associated with Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI) on MRI. According to the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, a cutoff days of using per week value of 2.5 days could predict SCI with a sensitivity of 81.3%, a specificity of 73.3%, and an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.813. Changes in the serum levels of homocysteine and vitamin B12 were effective markers for the evaluation of treatment response., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (©Copyright: the Author(s).)

Introduction: Pseudo journals, hijacked journals, fraudulent journals, fake journals, and predatory journals waste valuable research when authors publish their studies in them., Aim: This article described novel suggested features for the identification of fraudulent journals and aimed to explain this issue to help inexperienced scientists avoid publishing in predatory journals., Methods: The articles related to this topic in were retrieved from PubMed and trustable Internet sources., Results: Unfortunately, some fake journals have made their way into reputable databases, such as PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science; thus, the serious question has been raised regarding how we should address this problematic phenomenon. We recommended 28 suggested characteristics of predatory journals for readers to take into consideration., Conclusion: Unaware of the detrimental effects associated with publishing in disreputable journals, inexperienced researchers can fall victim to them. Together, as both readers and writers, we should completely boycott predatory journals., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (© 2020 Nguyen Minh Duc, Dang Vinh Hiep, Pham Minh Thong, Lejla Zunic, Muharem Zildzic, Doncho Donev, Slobodan M. Jankovic, Izet Hozo, Izet Masic.)

Introduction: The Vietnamese Society of Interventional Radiology (VSIR) is one of the world's youngest interventional radiology (IR) societies, with more than 150 members. During the first decade of the development phase, in addition to a number of achievements, the VSIR has continued to address problematic circumstances., Aim: This article aims to describe the current status of VSIR, to introduce VSIR to other IR societies., Methods: We investigated VSIR, using internet sources and related academic and clinical papers., Results: VSIR was founded in 2010 and has succeeded in advancing education and scientific research during the last 10 years., Conclusion: VSIR is widely involved and accepted in Vietnamese medicine. We recommend the launch of an IR training program and support a unified global IR platform, for the benefit of both clinicians and patients in the near future., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2020 Nguyen Minh Duc, Hoang Duc Ha, Pham Minh Thong.)

Introduction: In Vietnam, the successful publication of research in indexed journals is mandatory to obtain academic appointments and promotions in medical colleges and institutions, according to the current guidelines established by the State Council for Professorship and Ministry of Education and Training., Aim: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of novel Vietnamese government regulations on radiological PhD and professorship candidates., Methods: This study evaluated freely accessible data, available online, and, therefore, did not require institutional review board approval. We assessed the numbers of radiological PhD candidates at Hanoi Medical University and the numbers of published Vietnamese radiological papers, from 2012 to 2019, indexed in the SCImago database. In addition, we evaluated the numbers of qualified radiological professors and associate professors employed at universities during the same period. We did not include nuclear medicine PhD and professorship candidates, in this study. The data are presented as bar and line charts., Results: Following the enactment of 08/2017/TT-BGDĐT and 37/2018/QĐ-TTg, we observed that the numbers of radiological PhD and professorship candidates were significantly reduced. From 2012 to 2019, only one candidate qualified for appointment as a radiological professor. However, the number of radiological papers rose dramatically during the same time period., Conclusion: The enactment of 08/2017/TT-BGDĐT and 37/2018/QĐ-TTg had strong impacts on the numbers of PhD and professorship candidates. Owing to these new regulations, the number of published, international, peer-reviewed radiological papers has increased; however, some undesired consequences may have occurred, such as papers being published in predatory or suspected predatory journals, double or triple submissions, and plagiarism., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2020 Nguyen Minh Duc, Hoang Duc Ha, Mai Trong Khoa, Pham Minh Thong.)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy with a direct aspiration first-pass technique (ADAPT) using large-bore catheters in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) in a hospital in Vietnam., Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients with acute ischemic stroke due to LVO who were diagnosed and underwent mechanical thrombectomy using ADAPT with large-bore catheters at Bach Mai Hospital from January 2017 to June 2018., Results: Seventy-three patients (47.9% female; age: 61.29 ± 14.49 years) met study criteria. The average procedure duration was 45.09 ± 38.26 min. Successful recanalization post-ADAPT (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b-3) was achieved in 72.6% (53/73) of patients. Good functional outcome (Modified Rankin Scale 0-2) at 3 months was achieved in 50.7% (37/73), with poor functional outcome in 24.7% (18/73). The 90-day mortality rate was 24.7% (18/73). The hemorrhagic transformation rate was 31.6%, in which 19.2% were symptomatic. Vessel perforation occurred in 5.5% (4/73) of patients but in all cases was associated with the guidewire and not the reperfusion catheter. Vessel dissection occurred in 1.4% (1/73) and vasospasm in 5.5% (4/73) of patients., Conclusion: Mechanical thrombectomy using ADAPT with large-bore catheters for acute ischemic stroke due to LVO is a method that yielded good results in recanalization and clinical recovery in a Vietnamese patient population., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Asian Journal of Neurosurgery.)

Introduction: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a chronic condition, triggered by reflux through the saphenous vein network., Aim: To determine the efficacy of endovenous laser ablation (LA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for CVI treatment in the lower extremities, at the Bach Mai Radiology Center., Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the institutional review board of Bach Mai Hospital. The study recruited 49 people, from August 2016 to April 2018, with recurrent venous insufficiency in the lower extremities and measured 56 ablated veins., Results: In this study, 8 patients (10 veins, with a mean diameter of 5.83 ± 0.96 mm) were treated with RFA, and 41 patients (46 veins, with a mean diameter of 7.96 ± 3.47 mm) were treated with LA. The occlusion rates for LA- and RFA-treated veins were very effective, at 95.7% and 90%, respectively. No significant differences in occlusion rates or clinical improvements were observed between the two ablation methods. On the first day post-treatment, the visual analog score (VAS) value for the LA group was significantly higher than that for the RFA group. Furthermore, ecchymosis, 1 day after treatment, and hyperpigmentation, paresthesia, and numbness, 1 month after treatment, were only observed in the LA group., Conclusion: Both LA and RFA were minimally-invasive and safe therapies. No serious complications requiring further interventions were reported and the treatment effectively improved the clinical symptoms of patients. Based on our study, we recommend that RFA should be considered for moderate dilated saphenous vein cases, whereas LA should be indicated for large dilated saphenous vein cases, with or without aneurysm., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2020 Tran Anh Tuan, Nguyen Minh Duc, Le Nguyet Minh, Hoang Duc Ha, Vu Dang Luu, Pham Minh Thong.)

Introduction: The advancement of gender equality within radiology, a predominantly male profession, has currently been a significant concern., Aim: Therefore, in this original study, we aimed to investigate the gender disparity in Vietnamese radiological societies., Methods: No ethical committee or institutional review board approval was needed since the data were publicly available. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the faculties of four main radiological societies in Vietnam: Vietnamese society of radiology and nuclear medicine (VSRNM, n = 67); Radiological society of Ho Chi Minh City (RSHCM, n = 25); Vietnamese society of ultrasound in medicine (VSUM, n = 29); and Vietnamese society of interventional radiology (VSIR, n = 18)., Results: There are significantly fewer women than men in faculties of four main radiological societies (15.1% vs. 84.9%). None of the women served as a professor and leader of any radiological societies. The women with a doctor of philosophy level are relatively low among the four main radiological societies. Also, female interventional and pediatric radiologists are seriously low among four main radiological societies., Conclusions: In Vietnamese radiological societies, gender disparities exist, especially about educational degrees and professorship positions. Future studies are essential to address the underlying roots of the gender gap and aid in the implementation of gender diversity programs and policies., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2020 Nguyen Minh Duc, Huynh Quang Huy, Bilgin Keserci, Pham Minh Thong.)

Background: This study aims to report our experience with cerebral aneurysms, which may improve in the treatment with the flow-diverter stent and follow up., Methods: This study was conducted in a consecutive series of 130 patients. 134 procedures were performed for treating these patients in Hanoi Medical University Hospital and Bach Mai Hospital from January 2012 to April 2017. 143 flow diverter stents (Pipeline, FRED and SILK) were used. Aneurysm morphology, stent patency and cerebral parenchyma before and after intervention were analyzed on images of digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR). The follow-up data after 3-6 months and 12 months were recorded., Results: In 130 patients (31 men, 99 women), aneurysms of internal carotid artery were mostly common (92.6%), especially in cavernous (35.1%) and in para-ophthalmic (40.3%) segments. 83 cases (61.9%) had wide-neck aneurysms, and 16 cases (11.9%) had multiple aneurysms, and only 5 cases (3.7%) had blister-liked aneurysms. Endovascular treatment was successfully performed at rate of 94.8%. In 3 patients, the stent could not be delivered. Mortality and morbidity rates were 1.5% and 3.7%, respectively. MRI and MSCT follow-up at 3 months showed complete or incomplete occlusions of aneurysms was 7.4% or 17.5%, respectively. 3 patients experienced a thromboembolic event (4.3%)., Conclusions: Intracranial aneurysms of cavernous and para-ophthalmic segments of internal carotid artery are mostly common with wide-neck and multi aneurysms. Deployment of flow diverter stent is safe and effective with high rate of successful and low procedural complications., (© 2020 The Author(s).)

Introduction: Each country has its system of the training program, but to be concordant with the world in the radiology field, the process needs to have common points or common criteria. On maintaining the integrity of intersociety collaboration in the field of radiology, it is necessary to understand each country's training program for each specialty., Aim: This retrospective study aims to compare the postgraduate thesis characteristics from various sources in the field of radiology., Methods: This was a retrospective study evaluating data that is publicly available online and at libraries and institutional review board approval, as such, was not demanded. We selected 40 published theses from the library of Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine and University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi Medical University in Vietnam which graduated from 2008 to 2018. Of these, there were 10 PhD, 10 specialists II, 10 master's, and 10 residency theses selected., Results: A total of 40 theses were analyzed from participants with a median age of 36.5. The male/female ratio was 23/17. Most of the theses were subspecialty in diagnostic radiology (87.5%) and focused on pathological radiology (95%). Adult patients were the major objectives of the theses accounted for 87.5% with predominant materials of magnetic resonance imaging counted for 47.5%. Theses in PhD group were the largest items regarding the total number of pages as well as the number of figures, and the number of references. Nonetheless, both domestic and international publications related to all theses were truly low., Conclusion: The postgraduate thesis of radiology in Vietnam has many different forms but mainly focuses on diagnostic and pathological radiology with materials of magnetic resonance imaging in adults. The number of international publications regarding the thesis was very small., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2020 Nguyen Minh Duc, Huynh Quang Huy, Bilgin Keserci, Pham Minh Thong.)

Introduction: Currently, most of continents and countries have its own radiological societies which help to share and update clinical experience and scientific knowledge to make the outcome of routine work become efficacious. Although Vietnam was affected adversely due to war, it also developed fundamentally in radiological field. So as to interact better among radiological societies, we believe that the history and current condition of Vietnamese radiology should be introduced., Aim: Thus, in this paper, we aimed to describe the past, current, and future of Vietnamese Society of Radiology and Nuclear medicine., Methods: We collected the information about Vietnamese Society of Radiology and Nuclear medicine via internet source and publications., Results: Radiological society was established in 1961. Although the society developed successfully during 59 years, there are still some problematic conditions such as gender disparity, insufficiency of human resource and modern modalities., Conclusion: With the appearance of Vietnamese society of radiology and nuclear medicine, many doctors and technicians are close together, and Vietnam has an effective chance for radiology to intergrate into actively global radiological field., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (© 2020 Nguyen Minh Duc, Huynh Quang Huy, Pham Minh Thong.)