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While popular aphorisms and etymologies across diverse languages suggest an intrinsic association between happiness and luck beliefs, empirically testing the existence of any potential link has historically been constrained by varying and unclear conceptualizations of luck beliefs and by their sub-optimally valid measurement. Employing the Thompson and Prendergast Personality and Individual Differences, 54(4), 501-506, (2013 (See CR89)) bi-dimensional refinement of trait luck beliefs into, respectively, 'Belief in Luck' and 'Belief in Personal Luckiness', we explore the relationship between luck beliefs and a range of trait happiness measures. Our analyses (N = 844) find broadly that happiness is negatively associated with Belief in Luck, but positively associated with Belief in Personal Luckiness, although results differ somewhat depending on which measure of happiness is used. We further explore interrelationships between luck beliefs and the five-factor model of personality, finding this latter fully accounts for Belief in Luck's negative association with happiness, with additional analyses indicating this is wholly attributable to Neuroticism alone: Neuroticism appears to be a possible mediator of Belief in Luck's negative association with happiness. We additionally find that the five-factor model only partially attenuates Belief in Personal Luckiness' positive association with happiness, suggesting that Belief in Personal Luckiness may be either a discrete facet of trait happiness or a personality trait in and of itself., Author(s): Edmund R. Thompson [sup.1], Gerard P. Prendergast [sup.2], Gerard H. Dericks [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.7340.0, 0000 0001 2162 1699, School of Management, University of Bath, , BA2 7AY, [...]

Chinese business administration students in Hong Kong (n=113) identified important characteristics of teachers as follows: ability to stimulate thinking, curiosity, and discussion; enthusiasm; open-mindedness; business, international, and teaching experience; English skills; systematic structure; and feedback. Results suggest Chinese students are receptive to Western-style teaching, value class atmosphere, and regard business credentials more highly than academic ones. (Contains 50 references.) (SK)

Individual entrepreneurial intent is a key construct in research on new business formation. However, neither a clear or consistent definition of nor a uniform and reliable way to measure individual [...]

This article reports the development and validation of a 10-item international Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) Short Form (I-PANAS-SF) in English. A qualitative study (N = 18) and then an exploratory quantitative study (N = 407), each using informants from a range of cultural backgrounds, were used to identify systematically which 10 of the original 20 PANAS items to retain or remove. A same sample retest study (N = 163) was used in an initial examination of the new 10-item international PANAS's psychometric properties and to assess its correlation with the full, 20-item, original PANAS. In a series of further validation studies (N = 1,789), the cross-sample stability, internal reliability, temporal stability, crosscultural factorial invariance, and convergent and criterion-related validities of the I-PANAS-SF were examined and found to be psychometrically acceptable. Keywords: positive affect; negative affect; PANAS; intemational; cross-cultural; psychometric; scale development; scale validation

The collectivism/individualism construct is used to assess the applicability of sociologist Geert Hofstede's classification of cultural norms to high-level executives, using Chinese and Anglo-Saxon societies as illustrations. Findings do not support Hofstede's categorizations; implications for research are discussed.

Research indicates that cost conditions play a less important role than institutional circumstances in an economy's competitiveness. Both quantitative and qualitative data are used from a sample economy.

Separately, both foreign direct investment (FDI) and industry clusters have each received considerable and growing attention in development literature. Each is broadly thought to affect economic growth positively through facilitation of knowledge and technology transfers. But FDI and industry clusters in conjunction have not hitherto been empirically considered specifically with regard to such transfers. This paper does so by examining the proposition that FDI within geographical industry clusters should transfer technology more than FDI that is geographically dispersed. Data are drawn from a quantitative survey of Hong Kong garment firms with manufacturing investments in Mainland China. Clustered FDI is shown to be significantly better than dispersed FDI at transferring technology in certain respects, implying that industry cluster and FDI policies should be considered in tandem rather than separately if developmental benefits from both are to be optimized. Key words--foreign direct investment, industry clusters, technology transfer, multinational business, development, China, Hong Kong, garment industry

The article presents methods for assessing economic competitiveness using components such as governmental stability, proximity of trade countries, working environment quality, effective and impartial legal system, international business infrastructure, laissez-faire business environment, and a noncorrupt government. Weightings and limitations are discussed.