8 results on '"Thomas Trischman"'
Search Results
2. Deficiency in Acyl‐CoA:Wax Alcohol Acyltransferase 2 causes evaporative dry eye disease by abolishing biosynthesis of wax esters
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Thomas Trischman, Marcin Golczak, Josie A. Silvaroli, Sylwia Chelstowska, Ilya Bederman, Made Airanthi K. Widjaja-Adhi, and Rony R. Sayegh
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lipid composition ,Meibomian gland ,Alcohol ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Acyl-CoA ,0302 clinical medicine ,Biosynthesis ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Wax ,Viscosity ,Lacrimal Apparatus ,Esters ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Tears ,Acyltransferase ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Dry Eye Syndromes ,sense organs ,Acyltransferases ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Lipids secreted by the meibomian glands (MGs) of the eyelids are essential to the protection of the eye’s surface. An altered meibum composition represents the primary cause of evaporative dry eye disease (DED). Despite the critical importance of the meibum, its biosynthetic pathways and the roles of individual lipid components remain understudied. Here, we report that the genetic deletion of Acyl-CoA:wax alcohol acyltransferase 2 (AWAT2) causes the obstruction of MGs and symptoms of evaporative DED in mice. The lipid composition of the meibum isolated from Awat2(−/−) mice revealed the absence of wax esters, which was accompanied by a compensatory overproduction of cholesteryl esters. The resulting increased viscosity of meibum led to the dilation of the meibomian ducts, and the progressive degeneration of the MGs. Overall, we provide evidence for the main physiological role of AWAT2 and establish Awat2(−/−) mice as a model for DED syndrome that can be used in studies on tear film-oriented therapies.
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- 2020
3. Comparative Efficacy of Hidrocystoma Treatments: A Systematic Review
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Jeffrey F. Scott and Thomas Trischman
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Hidrocystoma ,Treatment options ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease ,Sweat Gland Neoplasms ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030221 ophthalmology & optometry ,medicine ,Humans ,Surgery ,business - Abstract
Introduction Although various treatment options for hidrocystomas have been described, the comparative efficacy of these treatments is poorly understood. Methods We conducted a systematic review of all articles describing the treatment of hidrocystomas. Treatment modalities were categorized as destructive surgical procedures, skin-directed therapies, systemic medical therapies, general measures, or combined. Patient and tumor characteristics, as well as response rate, recurrence rate, and adverse effects, were extracted from each article. Results A total of 94 articles involving 192 patients and 255 unique treatment events were included in the final analysis. Destructive surgical procedures had an overall response rate and recurrence rate of 92.9% and 10.8%, respectively. Skin-directed therapies had an overall response rate of 72.6%. The overall response rate to systemic medical therapies was 71.4%. Solitary hidrocystomas were primarily treated with destructive surgical procedures, including excision, which was associated with a 4.7% recurrence rate. Multiple hidrocystomas were successfully treated with a variety of therapies, including destructive surgical procedures and skin-directed therapies requiring ongoing or repeated therapy. Conclusions Excision has the highest efficacy for solitary hidrocystomas. A number of therapies have shown efficacy for multiple hidrocystomas, including lasers, intracystic trichloroacetic acid, intracystic hypertonic glucose, topical and oral anticholinergics, and botulinum toxin. Aluminum chloride is associated with a low response rate. Larger comparative studies are needed to further evaluate the optimal treatments for solitary and multiple hidrocystomas.
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- 2020
4. Imaging work-up and endovascular treatment options for aorto-enteric fistula
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Sasan Partovi, J. Davidson, Anand M. Prabhakar, Rahul A. Sheth, Thomas Trischman, Suvranu Ganguli, and Tam T.T. Huynh
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Fistula ,Enteric fistula ,Mini-Review ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Work-up ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,Radiology ,Endovascular treatment ,Presentation (obstetrics) ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Aorto-enteric fistula (AEF) is a rare life-threatening condition. Early recognition and diagnosis are of paramount importance to improve outcome. In this article four cases of AEF with relevant pre- and post-procedural images are presented to demonstrate the utility of cross-sectional imaging in the work-up of AEF. The literature is reviewed to describe the typical presentation of AEF, the diagnostic work-up of AEF, and the different methods used to treat AEF. Endovascular repair of AEF is gaining increasing attention due to its decreased short-term mortality compared to open surgical techniques.
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- 2018
5. Abnormal Cannabidiol Modulates Vitamin A Metabolism by Acting as a Competitive Inhibitor of CRBP1
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Josie A. Silvaroli, Made Airanthi K. Widjaja-Adhi, Philip D. Kiser, Samantha M. Horwitz, Surajit Banerjee, William S. Blaner, Sylwia Chelstowska, Thomas Trischman, and Marcin Golczak
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0301 basic medicine ,Vitamin ,Light ,medicine.drug_class ,Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ,Ligands ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Cell Line ,Small Molecule Libraries ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Retinoids ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Abnormal cannabidiol ,Isomerism ,In vivo ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Retinoid ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Vitamin A ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,010405 organic chemistry ,Vitamin A metabolism ,Retinal Degeneration ,Biological activity ,Biological Transport ,Retinol-Binding Proteins, Cellular ,General Medicine ,Resorcinols ,0104 chemical sciences ,Cell biology ,Kinetics ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Molecular Medicine ,Competitive inhibitor ,Flux (metabolism) ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Protein Binding ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Cellular retinol-binding proteins (CRBPs) facilitate the uptake and intracellular transport of vitamin A. They integrate retinoid metabolism, playing an important role in regulating the synthesis of bioactive vitamin A metabolites. Thus, CRBPs constitute potential pharmacological targets to modulate cellular retinoid status that in turn may have applications in the treatment of certain immunological, metabolic, and ocular disorders. Here we identify abnormal cannabidiol (abn-CBD) as a nonretinoid inhibitor of cellular retinol-binding protein 1 (CRBP1). X-ray crystal structures of CRBP1 in complex with abn-CBD and its derivatives revealed a distinctive mode of protein–ligand interaction and provided a molecular basis for the high affinity and selectivity of this compound. We demonstrated that abn-CBD modulates the flux of retinoids via the retinoid cycle in vivo. Furthermore, the biological activity of abn-CBD was evidenced by its ability to protect against light-induced retinal damage in Balb/cJ mice. Altogether, our findings indicate that targeting selected CRBPs with a small-molecule inhibitor can potentially lead to the development of new therapeutic agents to counteract diseases with etiologies involving imbalance in retinoid metabolism or signaling.
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- 2019
6. Lessons learned from the PRESERVE trial
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Thomas Trischman, Preet S Kang, and Sasan Partovi
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Research design ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Isotonic saline ,MEDLINE ,Administration, Oral ,Contrast Media ,Context (language use) ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Adverse effect ,Intensive care medicine ,Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ,business.industry ,Acute kidney injury ,Angiography ,General Medicine ,Free Radical Scavengers ,Acute Kidney Injury ,medicine.disease ,Acetylcysteine ,Clinical trial ,Sodium Bicarbonate ,Research Design ,Commentary ,Administration, Intravenous ,Female ,business ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
The recently published Prevention of Serious Adverse Events Following Angiography (PRESERVE) trial is presently the largest and most comprehensive clinical trial comparing commonly applied strategies for prevention of iodinated contrast-induced acute kidney injury in high-risk patients. The fundamental conclusion of the PRESERVE trial is that oral acetylcysteine and i.v. sodium bicarbonate are not superior to simple i.v. hydration with isotonic saline for the prevention of contrast-induced renal sequelae. In this commentary, we discuss the results in the context of selected past major trials, and provide insights into the strengths and potential weaknesses of the PRESERVE trial. In the future, developing individualized preventive approaches to avoid contrast-induced acute kidney injury for different patient populations is recommended.
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- 2018
7. Multimodality imaging assessment of endoleaks post-endovascular aortic repair
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Thomas Trischman, Prabhakar Rajiah, Sasan Partovi, Indravadan Patel, Fabian Rengier, Vasileios Rafailidis, Harold Goerne, Brian B. Ghoshhajra, Suvranu Ganguli, Daniel Staub, and George R. Oliveira
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Endoleak ,Aortic Diseases ,Contrast Media ,Review Article ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Aortic repair ,Multimodal Imaging ,Magnetic resonance angiography ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,cardiovascular diseases ,Multimodal imaging ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology ,Endovascular Procedures ,Ultrasound ,General Medicine ,Clinical Practice ,Angiography ,cardiovascular system ,Radiology ,business ,psychological phenomena and processes - Abstract
Endoleaks are a common complication of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). As a result, patients require lifelong imaging surveillance following EVAR. In current clinical practice, evaluation for endoleaks is predominantly performed with CT angiography (CTA). Due to the significant cumulative radiation burden associated with repetitive CTA imaging, as well as the repeated administration of nephrotoxic contrast agent, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have evolved as potential modalities for lifelong surveillance post-EVAR. In this paper, multimodality imaging, including CTA, CEUS and MRA, for the surveillance of endoleaks is discussed. Further, new CTA techniques for radiation reduction are elaborated. Additionally, imagery for three cases of aortic endoleak detection using CTA and five cases using MRA are presented. Imaging for different types of endoleaks with CTA, MRA and CEUS are presented. For lifelong endoleak surveillance post-EVAR, CTA is still regarded as the imaging modality of choice. However, advancements in CEUS and MRA technique enable partial replacement of CTA in certain patients.
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- 2018
8. High Dose Plerixafor Is Safe and Mobilizes Higher Numbers of CD34+ Cells Compared with Standard Dose Plerixafor
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Theresa Donohue, Jeremy Pantin, Richard W. Childs, Robert Reger, Lisa Cook, Xin Tian, Elena Cho, Thomas Trischman, Hanh Khuu, Aleah Smith, and Matthew M. Hsieh
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Colony-forming unit ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Plerixafor ,Immunology ,Urology ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Biochemistry ,Crossover study ,CXCR4 ,Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ,Surgery ,Transplantation ,Apheresis ,medicine ,Autologous transplantation ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Abstract 585 Introduction Plerixafor is a bicyclam compound that inhibits the binding of stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to its cognate receptor CXCR4. This results in therapid release of CD34+ cells into circulation, which can then be collected by apheresis. Plerixafor is FDA approved at the 240 μg/kg dose to be used in conjunction with G-CSF to mobilize autografts for transplantation. Allogeneic grafts can also be mobilized using single agent plerixafor without G-CSF, and following transplantation, result in sustained donor derived hematopoiesis. However, when the 240 μg/kg dose is used, 1/3 of donors fail to mobilize minimally acceptable doses of CD34+ cells. Recently, we demonstrated the safety of administration of a single dose of 480 μg/kg of subcutaneous (sc) plerixafor in humans. We subsequently conducted a randomized cross-over trial comparing CD34+ mobilization in healthy subjects mobilized with a single dose of sc plerixafor given at either a high dose (480 μg/kg) or a conventional dose (240 μg/kg). Methods Twenty normal healthy volunteers were randomized and received either a 240 or 480 μg/kg dose of sc plerixafor followed by at least a 2 week wash out period then were administered the other dose of plerixafor. Circulating numbers of leukocytes and CD34+ cells/μlwere measured at multiple time points for 24 hours following each plerixafor injection and the CD34+ AUC over 24 hours was calculated for each subject at each dose level. Peripheral blood colony forming unit (CFU) assays were performed at baseline and 6 hours after plerixafor dosing. Adverse events were graded using CTCAE version 3.A sample size of 20 subjects was determined to have over 90% power to detect an absolute CD34+ count difference of 10/μl using this crossover design and a two-sidedpaired t-test at the 0.05 level. Results Twenty-three subjects were enrolled and 20 completed administration of both doses. Peak circulating CD34+ cell numbers (median 31.5 vs 25, p=0.0009), circulating CD34+ cell numbers at 24hrs (median 15.5 vs 9, p Conclusion These preliminary data suggest high dose plerixafor can be administered safely and may mobilize more CD34+ cells than standard dose plerixafor. Furthermore, these data suggest mobilization following a single dose of plerixafor and a single apheresis procedure would result in graft collections containing higher CD34+ cell numbers when allogeneic stem cell donors are mobilized with high-dose plerixafor compared to standard-dose. Disclosures: Off Label Use: Plerixafor, a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer, is indicated in combination with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the peripheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM).
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- 2012
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