Search

Your search keyword '"Thomas S. Stevens"' showing total 35 results
Start Over Author "Thomas S. Stevens"
35 results on '"Thomas S. Stevens"'

1. Natural History of Drusenoid Pigment Epithelial Detachment Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Author

Jeannette J. Yu, Elvira Agrón, Traci E. Clemons, Amitha Domalpally, Freekje van Asten, Tiarnan D. Keenan, Catherine Cukras, Emily Y. Chew, Frederick L. Ferris, John Paul SanGiovanni, Traci Clemons, Anne Lindblad, Robert Lindblad, Nilay Shah, Robert Sperduto, Wendy McBee, Gary Gensler, Molly Harrington, Alice Henning, Katrina Jones, Kumar Thotapally, Diana Tull, Valerie Watson, Kayla Williams, Christina Gentry, Francine Kaufman, Chris Morrison, Elizabeth Saverino, Sherrie Schenning, Barbara Blodi, Ronald P. Danis, Matthew Davis, Kathy Glander, Gregory Guilfoil, Larry D. Hubbard, Kristine Johnson, Ronald Klein, Barbara Nardi, Michael Neider, Nancy Robinson, Eileen Rosensteel, Hugh Wabers, Grace Zhang, Alan J. Ruby, Antonio Capone, Bawa Dass, Kimberly Drenser, Bruce R. Garretson, Tarek S. Hassan, Michael Trese, George A. Williams, Jeremy Wolfe, Tina Bell, Mary Zajechowski, Dennis Bezaire, Fran McIver, Anthony Medina, Jackie Pagett, Stephanie Hatch Smith, Lynn Swartz, Tom Treuter, Andrew Antoszyk, Justin Brown, David J. Browning, Walter Holland, Angella Karow, Kelly Stalford, Angela Price, Sarah Ennis, Sherry Fredenberg, Jenna Herby, Uma Balasubramaniam, Loraine Clark, Donna McClain, Michael McOwen, Lynn Watson, Michael Klein, Steven T. Bailey, Thomas J. Hwang, Andreas Lauer, J. Timothy Stout, Patty McCollum, Milt Johnson, Patrick B. Rice, Ivana Kim, John Loewenstein, Joan Miller, Lucia Sobrin, Lucy Young, Jacqueline Sullivan, Patricia Houlihan, Linda Merry, Ann Marie Lane, Ursula Lord Bator, Claudia Evans, Sarah Brett, Charleen Callahan, Marcia Grillo, David Walsh, Kamella Lau Zimmerman, Gary Edd Fish, Rajiv Anand, Lori E. Coors, Dwain G. Fuller, Rand Spencer, Robert C. Wang, Karen Duignan, Sally Arceneaux, Hank Aguado, Nicholas Hesse, Michael Mackens, Brian Swan, Wai T. Wong, Monica Dalal, Naima Jacobs-El, Catherine Meyerle, Benjamin Nicholson, Henry Wiley, Katherine Hall Shimel, Angel Garced, Janice Oparah, Greg Short, Alana Temple, Babilonia Ayukawa, Guy Foster, Darryl Hayes, Dessie Koutsandreas, Roula Nashwinter, John Rowan, Michael Bono, Denise Cunningham, Marilois Palmer, Alicia Zetina, David H. Orth, Kourous Rezaei, Joseph Civantos, Sohail Hasan, Kirk Packo, Celeste Figliulo, Pam Stanberry, Tara Farmer, Kiersten Nelson, Shannya Townsend-Patrick, Philip Rosenfeld, Royce Chen, Rishi Doshi, Sander Dubovy, Brian T. Kim, Matthew Lowrance, Andrew Moshfeghi, Zayna Nahas, Gary Schienbaum, John Vishak, Christina Weng, Zohar Yehoshua, Belen Rodriguez, Jose Rebimbas, Jane Gleichauf, Mike Kicak, Jason Mena, Tim Odem, Elizabeth Sferza-Camp, Alicia Disgdiertt, Jim Oramas, Isabel Rams, Stephanie Thatcher, Susan B. Bressler, Neil M. Bressler, Daniel Finkelstein, Steven H. Sherman, Sharon Solomon, Howard S. Ying, Rita Denbow, Deborah Phillips, Elizabeth Radcliffe, Judy Belt, Dennis Cain, David Emmert, Mark Herring, Jacquelyn McDonald, G. Baker Hubbard, Chris S. Bergstrom, Blaine Cribbs, Andrew Hendrick, Brandon Johnson, Philip Laird, Sonia Mehta, Timothy Olsen, Justin Townsend, Jion Yan, Steven Yeh, Linda Curtis, Judy Brower, Hannah Yi, Jannah Rutter Dobbs, Debbie Jordan, Michael J. Elman, Robert A. Liss, JoAnn Starr, Jennifer Belz, Charlene Putzulo, Teresa Coffey, Ashley Davis, Pamela Singletary, Giorya Shabi Andreani, Theresa Cain, Daniel Ketner, Peter Sotirakos, Suresh Chandra, Barbara A. Blodi, Michael M. Altaweel, Justin L. Gottlieb, Michael Ip, T. Michael Nork, Thomas S. Stevens, Kathryn Burke, Shelly Olson, Kristine Dietzman, Barbara Soderling, Guy Somers, Angie Wealti, Denise Krolnik, John Peterson, Sandra Reed, Thomas Friberg, Andrew Eller, Denise Gallagher, Leanne Labriola, Melissa Pokrifka, Aron Gedansky, Natalie Anthony, Cassandra Grzybowski, Dawn Matthews, Sharon Murajda-Jumba, Jessica Toro, David G. Callanan, Wayne A. Solley, Patrick Williams, Sandy Lash, Bob Boleman, Chris Dock, Michel Shami, Brenda Arrington, Ashaki Meeks, Alan R. Margherio, Paul Raphaelian, Debra Markus, Justin Langdon, Elizabeth Truax, Sandy Lewis, Brad Terry, Amy Noffke, Kean Oh, Ramin Sarrafizadeh, Scott Sneed, Julie Hammersley, Serena Neal, Mary Doran, Nan Jones, Lisa Preston, Heather Jessick, Tanya Tracy Marsh, Michael Tolentino, Adam Berger, Richard Hamilton, David Misch, Suk Jin Moon, Dawn Sutherland, Vera Dilts, Sara Henderson, Esmeralda Medina, Donald Trueman, Laura Holm, Jason Strickland, Darmakusuma Ie, Jeffrey L. Lipkowitz, Kekul B. Shah, Susan Geraghty, Beverly Sannazzaro, Morgan Harper, Krista Bayer, Mary B. Lansing, Lauren B. Fox, Rebecca Lee, Jay B. Stallman, Michael Jacobson, Sean Koh, Scott Lampert, John Miller, Mark Rivellese, Atul Sharma, Robert A. Stoltz, Stephanie Vanderveldt, Leslie Marcus, Starr Hendricks, Ryan Hollman, Grethel Betanzos, Leslie Ellorin, Shelly Fulbright, Debbie McCormick, Paul A. Edwards, Julianne Hall, Mary Monk, Melanie Gutkowski, Melina Mazurek, Janet Murphy, Katherine Gusas, Crystal Moffett, David Burley, Nicole Chesney, Katie Kilgo, Brian Rusinek, Bradley Stern, Tracy Troszak, Rhonda Baker-Levingston, Carl W. Baker, Tracey Caldwell, Tammy Walker, Lynnette F. Lambert, Tracey Martin, Mary Jill Palmer, Tana Williams, Michael A. Novak, Joseph Coney, David G. Miller, Scott Pendergast, Lawrence Singerman, Nicholas Zakov, Hernando Zegarra, Kim DuBois, Susan Rath, Lori Revella, Tammy Brink, Kim Drury, Lisa Hogue, Mary Ilc, Connie Keller, Elizabeth McNamara, Vivian Tanner, Tamara Cunningham, John DuBois, Gregg Greanoff, Trina Nitzsche, Sheila Smith-Brewer, Ricky D. Isernhagen, John W. Kitchens, Thomas W. Stone, William J. Wood, Diana Holcomb, Virginia Therrien, Michelle Buck, Jeanne Van Arsdall, Edward Slade, Todd E. Schneiderman, David J. Spinak, Jackie Gaedke, Heather Davis Brown, Dan Helgren, Jenifer Garrison Pangelinan, Lawrence Halperin, Scott Anagnoste, Mandeep Dhalla, Krista Rosenberg, Barry Taney, W. Scott Thompson, Jaclyn Lopez, Monica Hamlin, Monica Lopez, Jamie Mariano, Evelyn Quinchia, Patricia Aramayo, Rita Veksler, Michael Lee, Richard Dreyer, Irvin Handelman, Colin Ma, Mark Peters, Stephen Hobbs, Amanda Milliron, Marcia Kopfer, Michele Connaughton, A. Christine Hoerner, R. Joseph Logan, Harry J. Wohlsein, David Boyer, Thomas G. Chu, Pouya Dayani, David Liao, Roger L. Novack, Firas M. Rahhal, Richard Roe, Homayoun Tabandeh, Janet Bayramyan, Tammy Gasparyan, Connie Hoang, Janet Kurokouchi, Tammy Eileen Lo, Richard Ngo, Mary Ann Nguyen, Michael Peyton, Charles Yoon, Julio Sierra, Adam Zamboni, Jeff Kessinger, Eric Protacio, Adam Smucker, Pamela Rath, Robert Bergren, Bernard Doft, Judy Liu, Karl Olsen, Lori Merlotti, Willia Ingram, Kellianne Marfisi, Kimberly Yeckel, Heather Schultz Carmelo, Amanda Fec, Keith McBroom, David Steinberg, Marc Levy, Jody Abrams, Melvin Chen, Waldemar Torres, Peggy Jelemensky, Mark Prybylski, Tara Raphael, Diana Appleby, Charlotte Rodman, Mark Sneath, Robert H. Rosa, Vanessa Hoelscher, Adelia Castano, Jocelyn Parker, John Hoskins, Nicholas Anderson, Joseph Googe, Tod A. McMillan, James Miller, Stephen Perkins, Kristina Oliver, Jennifer Beerbower, Bruce Gilliland, Cecile Hunt, Mike Jacobus, Raul Lince, Christopher Morris, Sarah Oelrich, Jerry Whetstone, Clement K. Chan, Steven Lin, Kim Walther, Tiana Gonzales, Lenise Myers, Kenneth Huff, David M. Brown, Eric Chen, Matthew S. Benz, Richard H. Fish, Rosa Y. Kim, James Major, Tien Pei Wong, Charles Wycoff, Cassandra Cone, Debbie Goates Gilaspia, Nubia Landaverde, Robert Smith, Deneva Zamora, Veronica Sneed, Melina Vela, Eric Kegley, Craig Greven, Shree Kurup, Charles Richards, Madison Slusher, Cara Everhart, Joan Fish, Mark Clark, David Miller, Marshall Tyler, J. Michael Jumper, Arthur D. Fu, Robert N. Johnson, Brandon Lujan, H. Richard McDonald, Rosa Rodriguez, Nina Ansari, Jeanifer Joaquin, Silvia Linares, Lizette Lopez, Jessica Sabio, Sean Grout, Chad Indermill, Yesmin Urias, Roberto Zimmerman, Linda Margulies, Sara J. Schmidt, Joy L. Meier, Sherry L. Hadley, William Rosenthal, Barbara Johnson, Lois Swafford, Richard Shields, R. Scott Varner, Richard Rosen, Ronald Gentile, Melissa Rivas, Katy W. Tai, Wanda Carrasquillo-Boyd, Robert Masini, Glenn Stoller, Ken Carnevale, Diane M. LaRosa, Barbara Burger, Tereza Conway, Carla Del Castillo, Julissa Diaz, Susan Jones, Nina Mondoc, Charlene Balfour, C.H. Vitha, Jennifer Lutz, Barbara McGinley, Fadi El Baba, Ann Marie Lavorna, Renee Jones, Jean Lewis, Ruth Tenzler, Mary Salvas-Mladek, Diane Van Kesteren, W. Copley McLean, W. Zachery Bridges, Cameron Stone, Denise Ammons, Mary Lamy, Andrea Menzel, Lea Doll Raymer, Barbara Campbell, Lisa Hawkins, Leslie Rickman, Lorraine Sherlin, Paula Price, Albert Sinyai, Ronald Kingsley, Reagan H. Bradford, Robert E. Leonard, Sonny Icks, Vanessa Bergman, Brittany Ross, Russ Burris, Amanda Butt, Rob Richmond, Alice Lyon, Manjot Gill, Lee Jampol, Rukhsana Mizra, Zuzanna Rozenbajgier, Jeremy Chapman, Lori Kaminski, Andrea Degillio, Evica Simjanoski, Jeffrey Heier, Hyung Cho, Tina Scheufele Cleary, Darin Goldman, Chirag Shah, Trexler Topping, Marissa Weber, Torsten Wiegand, Jeremy Schindelheim, Joy Bankert, Jennifer Stone, Alison Nowak, Sandy Chong, Lindsay Williams, Steven Bennett, Dennis Donovan, Margaret Graham, Cullen Jones, Anne Fung, Jan-Kristine Bayabo, Razelda Bosch, Esperanza Cruz, Ashley Emerson, Alycia Fleming, Denice Barsness, Jorge Rodriguez, Marina Soboleva, Ingrid U. Scott, Esther Bowie, Kimberly A. Neely, David A. Quillen, Laura Walter, Timothy Bennett, James Strong, John Wells, Lloyd Clark, David Johnson, Peggy Miller, Mallie Taylor, Tiffany Swinford, Robbin Spivey, Michael Banach, Lawrence Ho, Richard Lanning, Thomas R. Pheasant, Jay G. Prensky, Steven Truong, Julia Teatsworth, Michelle Dietrich, Ann Wasilus, Ann Miller, Megan Rakes, Teresa Slagle, Michelle Richards, Patricia Schuessler, Lacy Stover, Paul Beer, Naomi S. Falk, Mary Beth Shannon, Jeannie Olmeda, Don Berdeen, Joseph F. Fisher, James Folk, Stephen Russell, Barbara Taylor, Connie Hinz, Jean Walshire, Heather Stockman, Bruce Critser, Stefani Karakas, Cindy Montague, Randy Verdick, Omesh Gupta, Joseph Maguire, Christopher Brady, Francis Char DeCroos, Michael Dollin, Sunir Garg, Adam Gerstenblith, Julia Haller, Allen C. Ho, Jason Hsu, Richard Kaiser, John Pitcher, Carl Regillo, Rajiv Shah, Marc Spirn, William Tasman, James Vander, Noga Senderowitsch, Michele Formoso, Michelle Markun, Cedric George, Christina Centinaro, Lisa Grande, Stefanie Carey, Elaine Liebenbaum, SriniVas Sadda, Mark Humayun, Rachel Sierra, Elizabeth Corona, Margaret Padilla, Moonseok Nu, Sylvia Ramos, Cullen Barnett, Glenn Currie, Cornelia Gottlieb, Richard Garfinkel, Daniel Berinstein, Marcus Colyer, William Deegan, Michael Min-Shyue Lai, Robert Murphy, Michael Osman, Michael Rivers, Reginald Sanders, Manfred A. von Fricken, Debbie Oliver, Jeanne Kirshon, Tanya Alexander Snowden, Thomas Blondo, Alysia Cronise, Vanessa Denny, Kylie Mendez, Janine Newgen, Justin Davis, Mike Flory, Robert Frantz, Bryan Murphy, Steve Rauch, Judy E. Kim, Jane Bachman, Thomas B. Connor, Dennis P. Han, Kimberly Stepian, David V. Weinberg, William J. Wirostko, Krissa Packard, Tracy Kaczanowski, Vesper Williams, Vicki Barwick, Judy Flanders, Dennis Backes, Joe Beringer, Kristy Keller, Kathy Selchert, Paul Bernstein, Michael Teske, Albert Vitale, Susan Allman, Bonnie Carlstrom, Kimberley Wegner, Anne Haroldsen, Deborah Harrison, Cyrie Fry, James Gilman, Glen Jenkins, Paula Morris, Michael Rauser, Joseph Fan, Mukesh Suthar, Gisela Santiago, Kara Rollins Halsey, Christy Quesada, William Kiernan, Jesse Knabb, Richard Alan Lewis, Cindy Dorenbach, Steven Spencer, Dana Barnett, Joseph Morales, Barron C. Fishburne, Jeffrey G. Gross, Michael A. Magee, Amy Flowers, Angie McDowell, Randall Price, Suber Huang, Johnny Tang, Shawn Wilker, Cherie Hornsby, Lisa Ferguson, Kirk Krogstad, Riva Adamovsky, Peggy Allchin, Kathleen Carlton, Claudia Clow, Kelly Sholtis, Stephanie Burke, Mark Harrod, Stacie Hrvatin, Geoffrey Pankhurst, Nelson R. Sabates, Michael Cassell, Komal Desai, Abraham Poulose, Felix Sabates, Yin Chen, Gary Gallimore, Yolanda Konior, Nicola Kim, Sami Uwaydat, Deborah Troillett, Karen Aletter, Robert N. Frank, Gary Abrams, James Puklin, Asheesh Tewari, Cheryl Milanovic, Melanie Bailey, David Griffith, Dena McDonald, Kit Morehead, Zlatan Sadikovic, Lisa Schillace, Elizabeth Silvis, Brian Joondeph, Nancy Christmas, Alan Kimura, Mimi Liu, Stephen Petty, John Zilis, Jenny Benitez, Cassandra Berryman Catlett, Eric Fluegel, Shane Mowry, Hoang Nguyen, David Reflow, Odette M. Houghton, Seema Garg, Maurice B. Landers, Travis Meredith, Sandy Barnhart, Megha Karmalkar, Debra Cantrell, Rona Lyn Esquejo-Leon, Linda Manor, Sue Pope, David Stines, Amelia Stokely, Dean Hainsworth, Dyann Helming, Debbie Eichelberger, Mary Paige Leaton, Chuck Hamm, Edward Chaum, Alessandro Iannaccone, Barbara Jennings, Tracy Murray, Joe Mastellone, Robert Millay, Brian Kim, Theresa Goddard, Liza Jarrett Beaudette, Nina Changelian-Aitken, Fernando Corrada, Jason Dubuque, Raymond Iezzi, Sophie J. Bakri, Jose S. Pulido, Diane Vogen, Rebecca Nielsen, Karin Berg, Jean Burrington, Shannon Howard, Joan Overend, Zbigniew Krason, Denise Lewison, Thomas Link, Kevin J. Blinder, Nicholas E. Engelbrecht, M. Gilbert Grand, Daniel P. Joseph, Gaurav K. Shah, Bradley Smith, Matthew Thomas, Rhonda Weeks, Lynda Boyd, Dana Gabel, Ron Adelman, John Huang, James Kempton, Aaron Parnes, Jennifer Dupont, Elizabeth Perotti, Victoria Donaldson, Kenneth Fong, Pamela Ossorio, Anita Agarwal, Paul Sternberg, Sandy Owings, Tony Adkins, Elaine Lok, Garvin Munn, Buddy Skellie, Neelakshi Bhagat, Monique S. Roy, Marco Zarbin, Catherine Fay, Michael Lazar, Beth Malpica, Tatiana Mikheyav, Lawrence Ulanski, Jennifer Lim, Marcia Niec, Tametha Johnson, Yesenia Ovando, Catherine Nail Carroll, Mark Janowicz, Steven Schwartz, David Cupp, Michael Gorin, Gad Heilweil, Hamid Hosseini, Jean-Pierre Hubschman, Allan Kreiger, Tara Young McCannel, Carolyn Pan, David Sarraf, Irena Tsui, Joshua Udoetek, Vinad Voleti, Logan Hitchcock, Rosaleen Ostrick, Melissa Chun, Jennie Kageyama, Nilo Davila, Kristin Lipka, Christina Shin, Cynthia Owsley, Michael Albert, Richard Feist, John Mason, Martin Thomley, Angelia Johnson, Tracy Emond, Joanna Hamela, Angela Marsh, Karen Searcey, Kia Rookard, Yu-Guang He, Rafael L. Ufret-Vincenty, Mike Molai, William Anderson, John Horna, Alan Letson, Colleen Cebulla, Susie Chang, Fred Davidorf, Jill Salerno, Laura Sladoje, Christina Stetson, Jeri Perry, Scott Savage, Cynthia Toth, Glenn Jaffe, Stefanie Schuman, Neeru Sarin, Jim Crowell, Tiffanie Keaton, Michael Kelly, Brian Lutman, Marriner Skelly, Lauren Welch, Lawrence Morse, Allan Hunter, Susanna Soon-Chun Park, Cynthia Wallace, Ember Dhillon, Marisa Salvador, Barbara Holderreed, Karishma Chandra, Sashi Kaur, Ellen Redenbo, Smiley Hom, Michael Cooney, Irene Barbazetto, James M. Klancnik, John A. Sorenson, Lawrence Yannuzzi, Maria Scolaro, Eugene Agresta, Nancy Gonzalez, Sandeep Grover, K.V. Chalam, Shailesh Gupta, Christopher Lyons, Wenhua Li, Chirag Patel, Jose Carrion, Henry Ferreyra, Amberly Rodriguez, Iliana Molina, Gabriel Balea, Pam Emory, Marlene Rico, Giorgio Siqueiros, Alexander J. Brucker, Joshua Dunaief, Juan Grunwald, Benjamin Kim, Albert M. Maguire, Brian VanderBeek, Sheri Drossner, Joan DuPont, Rebecca Salvo, Jim Berger, Cheryl Devine, Bill Nyberg, Laurel Weeney, David DiLoreto, Mina Chung, Valerie Davis, Peter MacDowell, George O. Gara, Daniel Castillo, Andrea Czubinski, Melissa Keim, Brandi Hardy, Rachel Grunhaus Hollar, Lynn Schueckler, Alice T. Lyon, Aaron Weinberg, Mira Shiloach, Nicole Pelkofer, Qin Zhou, Laura McPoland, Rajendra Apte, P. Kumar Rao, Sam Pistorius, Jamie Kambarian, Eve Adcock, Sarah Gould, Melanie Quinn, Rhonda Curtis, Amy Frost, Charla Meyer, and Greg Rathert

Subjects
0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, genetic structures, business.industry, Eye disease, Hazard ratio, Age-Related Eye Disease Study, Retrospective cohort study, Fundus (eye), Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, eye diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, 0302 clinical medicine, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, medicine, sense organs, medicine.symptom, Prospective cohort study, business, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

Purpose To investigate the natural history and genetic associations of drusenoid pigment epithelial detachment (DPED) associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Design Retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study. Participants Of the 4203 Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) participants, 391 eyes (325 participants) had DPED without late AMD at the time of DPED detection. Genetic analyses included 120 white AREDS2 participants and 145 Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) participants with DPED. Methods Baseline and annual stereoscopic fundus photographs were graded centrally to detect DPED, a well-defined yellow elevated mound of confluent drusen ≥433 μm in diameter, and to evaluate progression rates to late AMD: geographic atrophy (GA) and neovascular (NV)-AMD. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (CFH [rs10611670], C3 [rs2230199], CFI [rs10033900], C2/CFB [rs114254831], ARMS2 [rs10490924]) and genetic risk score (GRS) group were investigated for association with DPED development. Kaplan–Meier analyses and multivariable proportional hazard regressions were performed. Main Outcome Measures Progression rates to late AMD and decrease of ≥3 lines in visual acuity (VA) from the time of DPED detection; association of rate of DPED development with genotype. Results Mean (standard deviation [SD]) follow-up time from DPED detection was 4.7 (0.9) years. DPED was associated with increased risk of progression to late AMD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.98–2.82; P Conclusions This study replicates the results of previous natural history studies of eyes with DPED including the high rates of progression to late AMD and vision loss (regardless of progression to late AMD). The genetic associations are consistent with genes associated with AMD progression.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Progression of Geographic Atrophy in Age-related Macular Degeneration

Author

Tiarnan D. Keenan, Elvira Agrón, Amitha Domalpally, Traci E. Clemons, Freekje van Asten, Wai T. Wong, Ronald G. Danis, SriniVas Sadda, Philip J. Rosenfeld, Michael L. Klein, Rinki Ratnapriya, Anand Swaroop, Frederick L. Ferris, Emily Y. Chew, John Paul SanGiovanni, Traci Clemons, Anne Lindblad, Robert Lindblad, Nilay Shah, Robert Sperduto, Wendy McBee, Gary Gensler, Molly Harrington, Alice Henning, Katrina Jones, Kumar Thotapally, Diana Tull, Valerie Watson, Kayla Williams, Christina Gentry, Francine Kaufman, Chris Morrison, Elizabeth Saverino, Sherrie Schenning, Barbara Blodi, Ronald P. Danis, Matthew Davis, Kathy Glander, Gregory Guilfoil, Larry D. Hubbard, Kristine Johnson, Ronald Klein, Barbara Nardi, Michael Neider, Nancy Robinson, Eileen Rosensteel, Hugh Wabers, Grace Zhang, Alan J. Ruby, Antonio Capone, Bawa Dass, Kimberly Drenser, Bruce R. Garretson, Tarek S. Hassan, Michael Trese, George A. Williams, Jeremy Wolfe, Tina Bell, Mary Zajechowski, Dennis Bezaire, Fran McIver, Anthony Medina, Jackie Pagett, Stephanie Hatch Smith, Lynn Swartz, Tom Treuter, Andrew Antoszyk, Justin Brown, David J. Browning, Walter Holland, Angella Karow, Kelly Stalford, Angela Price, Sarah Ennis, Sherry Fredenberg, Jenna Herby, Uma Balasubramaniam, Loraine Clark, Donna McClain, Michael McOwen, Lynn Watson, Michael Klein, Steven T. Bailey, Thomas J. Hwang, Andreas Lauer, J. Timothy Stout, Patty McCollum, Milt Johnson, Patrick B. Rice, Ivana Kim, John Loewenstein, Joan Miller, Lucia Sobrin, Lucy Young, Jacqueline Sullivan, Patricia Houlihan, Linda Merry, Ann Marie Lane, Ursula Lord Bator, Claudia Evans, Sarah Brett, Charleen Callahan, Marcia Grillo, David Walsh, Kamella Lau Zimmerman, Gary Edd Fish, Rajiv Anand, Lori E. Coors, Dwain G. Fuller, Rand Spencer, Robert C. Wang, Karen Duignan, Sally Arceneaux, Hank Aguado, Nicholas Hesse, Michael Mackens, Brian Swan, Catherine Cukras, Monica Dalal, Naima Jacobs-El, Catherine Meyerle, Benjamin Nicholson, Henry Wiley, Katherine Hall Shimel, Angel Garced, Janice Oparah, Greg Short, Alana Temple, Babilonia Ayukawa, Guy Foster, Darryl Hayes, Dessie Koutsandreas, Roula Nashwinter, John Rowan, Michael Bono, Denise Cunningham, Marilois Palmer, Alicia Zetina, David H. Orth, Kourous Rezaei, Joseph Civantos, Sohail Hasan, Kirk Packo, Celeste Figliulo, Pam Stanberry, Tara Farmer, Kiersten Nelson, Shannya Townsend-Patrick, Philip Rosenfeld, Royce Chen, Rishi Doshi, Sander Dubovy, Brian T. Kim, Matthew Lowrance, Andrew Moshfeghi, Zayna Nahas, Gary Schienbaum, John Vishak, Christina Weng, Zohar Yehoshua, Belen Rodriguez, Jose Rebimbas, Jane Gleichauf, Mike Kicak, Jason Mena, Tim Odem, Elizabeth Sferza-Camp, Alicia Disgdiertt, Jim Oramas, Isabel Rams, Stephanie Thatcher, Susan B. Bressler, Neil M. Bressler, Daniel Finkelstein, Steven H. Sherman, Sharon Solomon, Howard S. Ying, Rita Denbow, Deborah Phillips, Elizabeth Radcliffe, Judy Belt, Dennis Cain, David Emmert, Mark Herring, Jacquelyn McDonald, G. Baker Hubbard, Chris S. Bergstrom, Blaine Cribbs, Andrew Hendrick, Brandon Johnson, Philip Laird, Sonia Mehta, Timothy Olsen, Justin Townsend, Jion Yan, Steven Yeh, Linda Curtis, Judy Brower, Hannah Yi, Jannah Rutter Dobbs, Debbie Jordan, Michael J. Elman, Robert A. Liss, JoAnn Starr, Jennifer Belz, Charlene Putzulo, Teresa Coffey, Ashley Davis, Pamela Singletary, Giorya Shabi Andreani, Theresa Cain, Daniel Ketner, Peter Sotirakos, Suresh Chandra, Barbara A. Blodi, Michael M. Altaweel, Justin L. Gottlieb, Michael Ip, T. Michael Nork, Thomas S. Stevens, Kathryn Burke, Shelly Olson, Kristine Dietzman, Barbara Soderling, Guy Somers, Angie Wealti, Denise Krolnik, John Peterson, Sandra Reed, Thomas Friberg, Andrew Eller, Denise Gallagher, Leanne Labriola, Melissa Pokrifka, Aron Gedansky, Natalie Anthony, Cassandra Grzybowski, Dawn Matthews, Sharon Murajda-Jumba, Jessica Toro, David G. Callanan, Wayne A. Solley, Patrick Williams, Sandy Lash, Bob Boleman, Chris Dock, Michel Shami, Brenda Arrington, Ashaki Meeks, Alan R. Margherio, Paul Raphaelian, Debra Markus, Justin Langdon, Elizabeth Truax, Sandy Lewis, Brad Terry, Amy Noffke, Kean Oh, Ramin Sarrafizadeh, Scott Sneed, Julie Hammersley, Serena Neal, Mary Doran, Nan Jones, Lisa Preston, Heather Jessick, Tanya Tracy Marsh, Michael Tolentino, Adam Berger, Richard Hamilton, David Misch, Suk Jin Moon, Dawn Sutherland, Vera Dilts, Sara Henderson, Esmeralda Medina, Donald Trueman, Laura Holm, Jason Strickland, Darmakusuma Ie, Jeffrey L. Lipkowitz, Kekul B. Shah, Susan Geraghty, Beverly Sannazzaro, Morgan Harper, Krista Bayer, Mary B. Lansing, Lauren B. Fox, Rebecca Lee, Jay B. Stallman, Michael Jacobson, Sean Koh, Scott Lampert, John Miller, Mark Rivellese, Atul Sharma, Robert A. Stoltz, Stephanie Vanderveldt, Leslie Marcus, Starr Hendricks, Ryan Hollman, Grethel Betanzos, Leslie Ellorin, Shelly Fulbright, Debbie McCormick, Paul A. Edwards, Julianne Hall, Mary Monk, Melanie Gutkowski, Melina Mazurek, Janet Murphy, Katherine Gusas, Crystal Moffett, David Burley, Nicole Chesney, Katie Kilgo, Brian Rusinek, Bradley Stern, Tracy Troszak, Rhonda Baker-Levingston, Carl W. Baker, Tracey Caldwell, Tammy Walker, Lynnette F. Lambert, Tracey Martin, Mary Jill Palmer, Tana Williams, Michael A. Novak, Joseph Coney, David G. Miller, Scott Pendergast, Lawrence Singerman, Nicholas Zakov, Hernando Zegarra, Kim DuBois, Susan Rath, Lori Revella, Tammy Brink, Kim Drury, Lisa Hogue, Mary Ilc, Connie Keller, Elizabeth McNamara, Vivian Tanner, Tamara Cunningham, John DuBois, Gregg Greanoff, Trina Nitzsche, Sheila Smith-Brewer, Ricky D. Isernhagen, John W. Kitchens, Thomas W. Stone, William J. Wood, Diana Holcomb, Virginia Therrien, Michelle Buck, Jeanne Van Arsdall, Edward Slade, Todd E. Schneiderman, David J. Spinak, Jackie Gaedke, Heather Davis Brown, Dan Helgren, Jenifer Garrison Pangelinan, Lawrence Halperin, Scott Anagnoste, Mandeep Dhalla, Krista Rosenberg, Barry Taney, W. Scott Thompson, Jaclyn Lopez, Monica Hamlin, Monica Lopez, Jamie Mariano, Evelyn Quinchia, Patricia Aramayo, Rita Veksler, Michael Lee, Richard Dreyer, Irvin Handelman, Colin Ma, Mark Peters, Stephen Hobbs, Amanda Milliron, Marcia Kopfer, Michele Connaughton, A. Christine Hoerner, R. Joseph Logan, Harry J. Wohlsein, David Boyer, Thomas G. Chu, Pouya Dayani, David Liao, Roger L. Novack, Firas M. Rahhal, Richard Roe, Homayoun Tabandeh, Janet Bayramyan, Tammy Gasparyan, Connie Hoang, Janet Kurokouchi, Tammy Eileen Lo, Richard Ngo, Mary Ann Nguyen, Michael Peyton, Charles Yoon, Julio Sierra, Adam Zamboni, Jeff Kessinger, Eric Protacio, Adam Smucker, Pamela Rath, Robert Bergren, Bernard Doft, Judy Liu, Karl Olsen, Lori Merlotti, Willia Ingram, Kellianne Marfisi, Kimberly Yeckel, Heather Schultz Carmelo, Amanda Fec, Keith McBroom, David Steinberg, Marc Levy, Jody Abrams, Melvin Chen, Waldemar Torres, Peggy Jelemensky, Mark Prybylski, Tara Raphael, Diana Appleby, Charlotte Rodman, Mark Sneath, Robert H. Rosa, Vanessa Hoelscher, Adelia Castano, Jocelyn Parker, John Hoskins, Nicholas Anderson, Joseph Googe, Tod A. McMillan, James Miller, Stephen Perkins, Kristina Oliver, Jennifer Beerbower, Bruce Gilliland, Cecile Hunt, Mike Jacobus, Raul Lince, Christopher Morris, Sarah Oelrich, Jerry Whetstone, Clement K. Chan, Steven Lin, Kim Walther, Tiana Gonzales, Lenise Myers, Kenneth Huff, David M. Brown, Eric Chen, Matthew S. Benz, Richard H. Fish, Rosa Y. Kim, James Major, Tien Pei Wong, Charles Wycoff, Cassandra Cone, Debbie Goates Gilaspia, Nubia Landaverde, Robert Smith, Deneva Zamora, Veronica Sneed, Melina Vela, Eric Kegley, Craig Greven, Shree Kurup, Charles Richards, Madison Slusher, Cara Everhart, Joan Fish, Mark Clark, David Miller, Marshall Tyler, J. Michael Jumper, Arthur D. Fu, Robert N. Johnson, Brandon Lujan, H. Richard McDonald, Rosa Rodriguez, Nina Ansari, Jeanifer Joaquin, Silvia Linares, Lizette Lopez, Jessica Sabio, Sean Grout, Chad Indermill, Yesmin Urias, Roberto Zimmerman, Linda Margulies, Sara J. Schmidt, Joy L. Meier, Sherry L. Hadley, William Rosenthal, Barbara Johnson, Lois Swafford, Richard Shields, R. Scott Varner, Richard Rosen, Ronald Gentile, Melissa Rivas, Katy W. Tai, Wanda Carrasquillo-Boyd, Robert Masini, Glenn Stoller, Ken Carnevale, Diane M. LaRosa, Barbara Burger, Tereza Conway, Carla Del Castillo, Julissa Diaz, Susan Jones, Nina Mondoc, Charlene Balfour, C.H. Vitha, Jennifer Lutz, Barbara McGinley, Fadi El Baba, Ann Marie Lavorna, Renee Jones, Jean Lewis, Ruth Tenzler, Mary Salvas-Mladek, Diane Van Kesteren, W. Copley McLean, W. Zachery Bridges, Cameron Stone, Denise Ammons, Mary Lamy, Andrea Menzel, Lea Doll Raymer, Barbara Campbell, Lisa Hawkins, Leslie Rickman, Lorraine Sherlin, Paula Price, Albert Sinyai, Ronald Kingsley, Reagan H. Bradford, Robert E. Leonard, Sonny Icks, Vanessa Bergman, Brittany Ross, Russ Burris, Amanda Butt, Rob Richmond, Alice Lyon, Manjot Gill, Lee Jampol, Rukhsana Mizra, Zuzanna Rozenbajgier, Jeremy Chapman, Lori Kaminski, Andrea Degillio, Evica Simjanoski, Jeffrey Heier, Hyung Cho, Tina Scheufele Cleary, Darin Goldman, Chirag Shah, Trexler Topping, Marissa Weber, Torsten Wiegand, Jeremy Schindelheim, Joy Bankert, Jennifer Stone, Alison Nowak, Sandy Chong, Lindsay Williams, Steven Bennett, Dennis Donovan, Margaret Graham, Cullen Jones, Anne Fung, Jan-Kristine Bayabo, Razelda Bosch, Esperanza Cruz, Ashley Emerson, Alycia Fleming, Denice Barsness, Jorge Rodriguez, Marina Soboleva, Ingrid U. Scott, Esther Bowie, Kimberly A. Neely, David A. Quillen, Laura Walter, Timothy Bennett, James Strong, John Wells, Lloyd Clark, David Johnson, Peggy Miller, Mallie Taylor, Tiffany Swinford, Robbin Spivey, Michael Banach, Lawrence Ho, Richard Lanning, Thomas R. Pheasant, Jay G. Prensky, Steven Truong, Julia Teatsworth, Michelle Dietrich, Ann Wasilus, Ann Miller, Megan Rakes, Teresa Slagle, Michelle Richards, Patricia Schuessler, Lacy Stover, Paul Beer, Naomi S. Falk, Mary Beth Shannon, Jeannie Olmeda, Don Berdeen, Joseph F. Fisher, James Folk, Stephen Russell, Barbara Taylor, Connie Hinz, Jean Walshire, Heather Stockman, Bruce Critser, Stefani Karakas, Cindy Montague, Randy Verdick, Omesh Gupta, Joseph Maguire, Christopher Brady, Francis Char DeCroos, Michael Dollin, Sunir Garg, Adam Gerstenblith, Julia Haller, Allen C. Ho, Jason Hsu, Richard Kaiser, John Pitcher, Carl Regillo, Rajiv Shah, Marc Spirn, William Tasman, James Vander, Noga Senderowitsch, Michele Formoso, Michelle Markun, Cedric George, Christina Centinaro, Lisa Grande, Stefanie Carey, Elaine Liebenbaum, Mark Humayun, Rachel Sierra, Elizabeth Corona, Margaret Padilla, Moonseok Nu, Sylvia Ramos, Cullen Barnett, Glenn Currie, Cornelia Gottlieb, Richard Garfinkel, Daniel Berinstein, Marcus Colyer, William Deegan, Michael Min-Shyue Lai, Robert Murphy, Michael Osman, Michael Rivers, Reginald Sanders, Manfred A. von Fricken, Debbie Oliver, Jeanne Kirshon, Tanya Alexander Snowden, Thomas Blondo, Alysia Cronise, Vanessa Denny, Kylie Mendez, Janine Newgen, Justin Davis, Mike Flory, Robert Frantz, Bryan Murphy, Steve Rauch, Judy E. Kim, Jane Bachman, Thomas B. Connor, Dennis P. Han, Kimberly Stepian, David V. Weinberg, William J. Wirostko, Krissa Packard, Tracy Kaczanowski, Vesper Williams, Vicki Barwick, Judy Flanders, Dennis Backes, Joe Beringer, Kristy Keller, Kathy Selchert, Paul Bernstein, Michael Teske, Albert Vitale, Susan Allman, Bonnie Carlstrom, Kimberley Wegner, Anne Haroldsen, Deborah Harrison, Cyrie Fry, James Gilman, Glen Jenkins, Paula Morris, Michael Rauser, Joseph Fan, Mukesh Suthar, Gisela Santiago, Kara Rollins Halsey, Christy Quesada, William Kiernan, Jesse Knabb, Richard Alan Lewis, Cindy Dorenbach, Steven Spencer, Dana Barnett, Joseph Morales, Barron C. Fishburne, Jeffrey G. Gross, Michael A. Magee, Amy Flowers, Angie McDowell, Randall Price, Suber Huang, Johnny Tang, Shawn Wilker, Cherie Hornsby, Lisa Ferguson, Kirk Krogstad, Riva Adamovsky, Peggy Allchin, Kathleen Carlton, Claudia Clow, Kelly Sholtis, Stephanie Burke, Mark Harrod, Stacie Hrvatin, Geoffrey Pankhurst, Nelson R. Sabates, Michael Cassell, Komal Desai, Abraham Poulose, Felix Sabates, Yin Chen, Gary Gallimore, Yolanda Konior, Nicola Kim, Sami Uwaydat, Deborah Troillett, Karen Aletter, Robert N. Frank, Gary Abrams, James Puklin, Asheesh Tewari, Cheryl Milanovic, Melanie Bailey, David Griffith, Dena McDonald, Kit Morehead, Zlatan Sadikovic, Lisa Schillace, Elizabeth Silvis, Brian Joondeph, Nancy Christmas, Alan Kimura, Mimi Liu, Stephen Petty, John Zilis, Jenny Benitez, Cassandra Berryman Catlett, Eric Fluegel, Shane Mowry, Hoang Nguyen, David Reflow, Odette M. Houghton, Seema Garg, Maurice B. Landers, Travis Meredith, Sandy Barnhart, Megha Karmalkar, Debra Cantrell, Rona Lyn Esquejo-Leon, Linda Manor, Sue Pope, David Stines, Amelia Stokely, Dean Hainsworth, Dyann Helming, Debbie Eichelberger, Mary Paige Leaton, Chuck Hamm, Edward Chaum, Alessandro Iannaccone, Barbara Jennings, Tracy Murray, Joe Mastellone, Robert Millay, Brian Kim, Theresa Goddard, Liza Jarrett Beaudette, Nina Changelian-Aitken, Fernando Corrada, Jason Dubuque, Raymond Iezzi, Sophie J. Bakri, Jose S. Pulido, Diane Vogen, Rebecca Nielsen, Karin Berg, Jean Burrington, Shannon Howard, Joan Overend, Zbigniew Krason, Denise Lewison, Thomas Link, Kevin J. Blinder, Nicholas E. Engelbrecht, M. Gilbert Grand, Daniel P. Joseph, Gaurav K. Shah, Bradley Smith, Matthew Thomas, Rhonda Weeks, Lynda Boyd, Dana Gabel, Ron Adelman, John Huang, James Kempton, Aaron Parnes, Jennifer Dupont, Elizabeth Perotti, Victoria Donaldson, Kenneth Fong, Pamela Ossorio, Anita Agarwal, Paul Sternberg, Sandy Owings, Tony Adkins, Elaine Lok, Garvin Munn, Buddy Skellie, Neelakshi Bhagat, Monique S. Roy, Marco Zarbin, Catherine Fay, Michael Lazar, Beth Malpica, Tatiana Mikheyav, Lawrence Ulanski, Jennifer Lim, Marcia Niec, Tametha Johnson, Yesenia Ovando, Catherine Nail Carroll, Mark Janowicz, Steven Schwartz, David Cupp, Michael Gorin, Gad Heilweil, Hamid Hosseini, Jean-Pierre Hubschman, Allan Kreiger, Tara Young McCannel, Carolyn Pan, David Sarraf, Irena Tsui, Joshua Udoetek, Vinad Voleti, Logan Hitchcock, Rosaleen Ostrick, Melissa Chun, Jennie Kageyama, Nilo Davila, Kristin Lipka, Christina Shin, Cynthia Owsley, Michael Albert, Richard Feist, John Mason, Martin Thomley, Angelia Johnson, Tracy Emond, Joanna Hamela, Angela Marsh, Karen Searcey, Kia Rookard, Yu-Guang He, Rafael L. Ufret-Vincenty, Mike Molai, William Anderson, John Horna, Alan Letson, Colleen Cebulla, Susie Chang, Fred Davidorf, Jill Salerno, Laura Sladoje, Christina Stetson, Jeri Perry, Scott Savage, Cynthia Toth, Glenn Jaffe, Stefanie Schuman, Neeru Sarin, Jim Crowell, Tiffanie Keaton, Michael Kelly, Brian Lutman, Marriner Skelly, Lauren Welch, Lawrence Morse, Allan Hunter, Susanna Soon-Chun Park, Cynthia Wallace, Ember Dhillon, Marisa Salvador, Barbara Holderreed, Karishma Chandra, Sashi Kaur, Ellen Redenbo, Smiley Hom, Michael Cooney, Irene Barbazetto, James M. Klancnik, John A. Sorenson, Lawrence Yannuzzi, Maria Scolaro, Eugene Agresta, Nancy Gonzalez, Sandeep Grover, K.V. Chalam, Shailesh Gupta, Christopher Lyons, Wenhua Li, Chirag Patel, Jose Carrion, Henry Ferreyra, Amberly Rodriguez, Iliana Molina, Gabriel Balea, Pam Emory, Marlene Rico, Giorgio Siqueiros, Alexander J. Brucker, Joshua Dunaief, Juan Grunwald, Benjamin Kim, Albert M. Maguire, Brian VanderBeek, Sheri Drossner, Joan DuPont, Rebecca Salvo, Jim Berger, Cheryl Devine, Bill Nyberg, Laurel Weeney, David DiLoreto, Mina Chung, Valerie Davis, Peter MacDowell, George O. Gara, Daniel Castillo, Andrea Czubinski, Melissa Keim, Brandi Hardy, Rachel Grunhaus Hollar, Lynn Schueckler, Alice T. Lyon, Aaron Weinberg, Mira Shiloach, Nicole Pelkofer, Qin Zhou, Laura McPoland, Rajendra Apte, P. Kumar Rao, Sam Pistorius, Jamie Kambarian, Eve Adcock, Sarah Gould, Melanie Quinn, Rhonda Curtis, Amy Frost, Charla Meyer, and Greg Rathert

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, business.industry, Eye disease, Incidence (epidemiology), Fundus (eye), Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Confidence interval, Geographic atrophy, 03 medical and health sciences, Ophthalmology, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Age related, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, medicine, sense organs, Prospective cohort study, business
Abstract

Purpose To analyze the prevalence, incidence, and clinical characteristics of eyes with geographic atrophy (GA) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), including clinical and genetic factors affecting enlargement. Design Prospective cohort study within a controlled clinical trial. Participants Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) participants, aged 50–85 years. Methods Baseline and annual stereoscopic color fundus photographs were evaluated for GA presence and area. Analyses included GA prevalence and incidence rates, Kaplan-Meier rates, mixed-model regression, and multivariable analysis of the square root of GA, area adjusted for covariates, including clinical/imaging characteristics and genotype. Main Outcome Measures (1) Presence or development of GA; (2) change in the square root of GA area over time. Results At baseline, 517 eyes (6.2%) of 411 participants (9.8%) had pre-existing GA (without neovascular AMD), with the following characteristics: 33% central, 67% noncentral; and the following configurations: 36% small, 26% solid/unifocal, 24% multifocal, 9% horseshoe/ring, and 6% indeterminate. Of the remaining 6530 eyes at risk, 1099 eyes (17.3%) of 883 participants developed incident GA without prior neovascular disease during mean follow-up of 4.4 years. The Kaplan-Meier rate of incident GA was 19% of eyes at 5 years. In eyes with incident GA, 4-year risk of subsequent neovascular AMD was 29%. In eyes with incident noncentral GA, 4-year risk of central involvement was 57%. GA enlargement rate (following square root transformation) was similar in eyes with pre-existing GA (0.29 mm/year; 95% confidence interval 0.27–0.30) and incident GA (0.28 mm/year; 0.27–0.30). In the combined group, GA enlargement was significantly faster with noncentrality, multifocality, intermediate baseline size, and bilateral GA (P Conclusions Analyses of AREDS2 data on natural history of GA provide representative data on GA evolution and enlargement. GA enlargement, which was influenced by lesion features, was relentless, resulting in rapid central vision loss. The genetic variants associated with faster enlargement were partially distinct from those associated with risk of incident GA. These findings are relevant to further investigations of GA pathogenesis and clinical trial planning.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Laser treatment in fellow eyes with large drusen: updated findings from a pilot randomized clinical trial11The members of the Choroidal Neovascularization Prevention Trial Research Group are listed in the appendix

Author

Michael A. Novak, John H. Niffenegger, Mary Oldroyd, Gregg Greanoff, Robert L. Jack, Sue Solomon, Hong Lei, Maureen G. Maguire, John DuBois, Rajiv Anand, David V. Weinberg, Lee M. Jampol, Eric R. Holz, Beth Chiapetta, Scott D. Pendergast, Serge deBustros, Lisa Hawkins, Marcia Griffin, Jack Cohen, Maureen Hyatt, Don Doherty, David Callanan, Melanie Harris, Timothy W. Olsen, Z. Nicholas Zakov, Abraham Poulose, Rick D. Isernhagen, Justin L. Gottlieb, Hernando Zegarra, Michelle Bartel, Suresh R. Chandra, David A. Saperstein, Connie Fountain, Penny Avery, Ed Heffron, Ray Northway, Daniel F. Martin, Nelson R. Sabates, Ron Schuchard, Frank Meyers, Mark S. Blumenkranz, Kirk H. Packo, William B. Snyder, Diane E. Weiss, Sally Arceneaux, Thomas S. Stevens, Bill Ward, Bob Boleman, James C. Folk, H. Culver Boldt, Jennie Perry, Karen M. Gehrs, Michael W. Neider, Len Richine, Jeanne Van Arsdall, Hunter L. Little, Dwain G. Fuller, Paul Sternberg, Theresa Anderson, Alice T. Lyon, Barbara A Blodi, Kim Tilocco-DuBois, Lawrence J. Singerman, Gabriela Nemes, Jenny Wolfe, Thomas M. Aaberg, Geraldine Daley, Ray Swords, Leslie Cornett, Zuzanna Strugala, David H. Orth, Carolyn Vogel, Stephen R. Russell, Mickie Keeling, Celeste Figliulo, Gene Knutson, William J. Wood, Vicki Crosser, James Gilman, Yvonne Taul, Mary Ilk, Robert Harrison, Susan Lichterman, Cynthia Nork, Felix N. Sabates, Chris Morrison, John W. King, W. Walker, Katherine Lluen-Johnson, Douglas Bryant, Thomas A. Rice, Donna Knight, Camille S. Matta, Hank Aguado, Hugh D. Wabers, Gary Gallimore, Gary E. Fish, Bradley F. Jost, and Edward A. Slade

Subjects
Ophthalmology, medicine.medical_specialty, Randomized controlled trial, law, business.industry, Laser treatment, medicine, Optometry, Drusen, business, medicine.disease, law.invention
Published
2003
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF AN EYE WITH PROLIFERATIVE VITREORETINOPATHY AND RETINAL TACKS

Author

Thomas S. Stevens, T Michael Nork, Guillermo de Venecia, Stephen J. Sramek, and Ingolf H. L. Wallow

Subjects
Pars plana, medicine.medical_specialty, Proliferative vitreoretinopathy, genetic structures, medicine.medical_treatment, Vimentin, Vitrectomy, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ophthalmology, medicine, Retina, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, biology, business.industry, Retinal detachment, Retinal, General Medicine, Anatomy, medicine.disease, eye diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, biology.protein, sense organs, business
Abstract

After an eye-wall resection for a choroidal melanoma, a 32-year-old woman had subsequent retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and an unsuccessful attempt at repair with retinal tacks. Gross and light-microscopic examination of the globe revealed a total retinal detachment with extensive preretinal and subretinal membranes. The membranes surrounded the tack heads and extended in taut bands to form a tractional detachment of the pars plana. The membranes contained glial and nonglial cells. The glial cells immunolabeled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), carbonic anhydrase-C (CA-C), vimentin, and glutamine synthetase (GS), thus suggesting that they were Muller's cells. While the tacks did not seem to cause PVR, in this case they may have provided an anchoring point from which membranes were able to exert traction on the retina and pars plana.

Published
1990
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Occult choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. A natural history study

Author

Judith Alexander, Neil M. Bressler, Deborah A. Phillips, Raymond R. Margherio, Susan B. Bressler, Stuart L. Fine, Andrew P. Schachat, Patrick L. Murphy, Thomas S. Stevens, and Maureen G. Maguire

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, genetic structures, Eye disease, Visual Acuity, Retina, Macular Degeneration, Ophthalmology, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Neovascularization, Pathologic, business.industry, Choroid, Macular degeneration, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Occult, Fibrosis, eye diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Choroidal neovascularization, Treatment Outcome, Maculopathy, Female, sense organs, Laser Therapy, medicine.symptom, business, Retinopathy, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Objective: To explore morphological and vision changes in untreated eyes with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) that have poorly demarcated boundaries. Design: Analysis of photographs of untreated patients with poorly demarcated occult CNV participating in a prospective clinical trial evaluating laser treatment compared with observation. Setting: Two tertiary retinal referral centers. Patients: Symptomatic individuals with poorly demarcated subfoveal occult CNV associated with age-related macular degeneration. Main Outcome Measures: Change in size of lesion, development of classic CNV, change in vision, and development of subretinal fibrosis. Results: During follow-up (9-12 months), 32% of the occult choroidal neovascular lesions more than doubled their original size. Classic CNV developed in 52% of eyes that started without it. The median loss in visual acuity was 2.5 lines. Eyes with classic CNV or subretinal blood or both at baseline developed subretinal fibrosis more frequently and lost more visual acuity, but not to a statistically significant degree. Conclusions: The morphological changes of eyes with subfoveal occult CNV in which the boundaries are poorly demarcated is variable; the presence of subretinal blood or a component of classic CNV may influence the prognosis for further loss of vision.

Published
1997

7. Tuberculous choroiditis diagnosed by chorioretinal endobiopsy

Author

Thomas S. Stevens, Michael J. Barondes, Ronald D. Plotnik, and William E. Sponsel

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Choroiditis, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Choroid, Fundus Oculi, Ocular Pathology, Biopsy, Antitubercular Agents, Tuberculosis, Ocular, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Fluorescein angiography, Retina, Ophthalmology, medicine, Humans, Fluorescein Angiography, business
Published
1991

10. Risk Factors for Choroidal Neovascularization in the Second Eye of Patients With Juxtafoveal or Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Author

Dean B. Burgess, Judith Alexander, Maureen G. Maguire, Suresh R. Chandra, Barbara S. Hawhins, Thomas S. Stevens, Susan B. Bressler, Deborah A. Phillips, Martaj Marsh, Cheryl J. Hiner, Stuart L. Fine, H. David, Neil M. Bresskr, Michael L. Klein, Noreen B. Javomik, and Barbara S. Haivfeins

Subjects
Ophthalmology, medicine.medical_specialty, Choroidal neovascularization, business.industry, Age related, medicine, medicine.symptom, Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, business
Published
1997
Full Text
View/download PDF

11. Macular Scatter ('Grid') Laser Treatment of Poorly Demarcated Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Author

Judith Alexander, Thomas S. Stevens, Neil M. Bressler, Stuart L. Fine, Raymond R. Margherio, Maureen G. Maguire, Patrick L. Murphy, Andrew P. Schachat, and Susan B. Bressler

Subjects
Male, Fovea Centralis, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, genetic structures, Fundus Oculi, Eye disease, Visual Acuity, Pilot Projects, Macular Degeneration, Ophthalmology, Humans, Medicine, Macula Lutea, Prospective Studies, Fluorescein Angiography, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Laser Coagulation, Neovascularization, Pathologic, medicine.diagnostic_test, Choroid, business.industry, Middle Aged, Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, Fluorescein angiography, eye diseases, Treatment Outcome, Choroidal neovascularization, medicine.anatomical_structure, Maculopathy, Female, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, Retinopathy
Abstract

Objectives: To determine the effects of macular scatter ("grid") laser photocoagulation compared with observation on the visual function of eyes with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) that has poorly demarcated boundaries and to provide preliminary data for the evaluation of the feasibility and design of a larger, definitive trial. Design: Randomized pilot clinical trial. Setting: Two tertiary care retinal referral practices. Patients: Symptomatic individuals with subfoveal CNV secondary to age-related macular degeneration in whom fluorescein angiography showed occult CNV with poorly demarcated boundaries; classic CNV was allowed but did not need to be present for entry into the study. Main Outcome Measure: Change in visual acuity from baseline to specified time periods. Results: Fifty-two eyes were assigned to observation. Fifty-one eyes were assigned randomly to treatment consisting of macular scatter ("grid") laser photocoagulation to the area of CNV. The treatment protocol for 8 of these eyes also included confluent laser photocoagulation to areas of classic CNV. The average visual acuity decrease from baseline was greater in the treated than in the observed group. The difference between these groups was greatest within the first year after study enrollment. At 24 months, slightly more than 40% of the eyes in each group had lost 6 or more lines of visual acuity. Similar results were noted for the subgroup of eyes initially with angiographic features of occult CNV but no classic CNV. Conclusions: These short-term study results suggest that macular scatter ("grid") laser treatment is not beneficial and is possibly harmful compared with observation for symptomatic subfoveal CNV with poorly demarcated boundaries in age-related macular degeneration. With or without treatment, a significant proportion of these patients are at risk of severe visual loss within 2 years of seeking treatment, even when the eye initially has occult CNV and no classic CNV.

Published
1996
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. AIDS and the Eye

Author

Thomas S. Stevens

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Disease control, humanities, eye diseases, Occupational safety and health, Surgery, Ophthalmology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Family medicine, Medicine, Choroid, business
Abstract

AIDS and the Eye by Drs Stenson and Friedberg is a concise, wellillustrated, and well-referenced "mini-text," with 7 short chapters on the subject of human immunodeficiency virus infection and how it affects the eye and the orbit. Its brevity stimulates the reader to pick it up. The first chapter gives a concise but encompassing discussion that reviews important aspects of human immunodeficiency virus infectious activity. The second chapter discusses prevention of infection and summarizes current recommendations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmic involvement is covered in the next 4 chapters, which review manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the anterior segment, retina, choroid, orbit, and the eyeassociated neurologic system. The final chapter covers systemic manifestations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. For the reader who wants more, the references are generous but pertinent. Also noteworthy

Published
1996
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Occult Choroidal Neovascularization

Author

Mary Lou Lewis, Cheryl J. Hmer, Michael L. Klem, Thomas S. Stevens, Deborah A. Phillips, Andrew P. Schachat, Barbara S. Hawkins, Judith Alexander, Susan B. Bressler, Marta J. Marsh, Timothy P. Flood, Maureen G. Maguire, Suresh R. Chandra, Neil M. Bressler, Stuart L. Fine, Lawrence J. Singerman, and Noreen B. Javornik

Subjects
Ophthalmology, medicine.medical_specialty, Choroidal neovascularization, business.industry, Age related, medicine, In patient, medicine.symptom, Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, business, Occult
Published
1996
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Ultrasound of the Eye and Orbit

Author

Thomas S. Stevens

Subjects
Ophthalmology, Engineering drawing, Optics, medicine.anatomical_structure, business.industry, Section (typography), medicine, Globe, Subject (documents), Orbit (control theory), business, Field (computer science)
Abstract

Since ultrasound was first used in ophthalmologic practice in 1956, there have been at least nine publications that could be called text-books on the subject. This one is the most recent and, although comprehensive, is quite readable. The book quickly lets us know that the term echography is the most precise name for the field of study created by the evaluation of reflections of sound energy in the ultrasonic range. These reflections are displayed in various modes, including the time-intensity display known as the A mode and the two-dimensional intensity-space display known as the B mode. The book has three major sections. The first briefly and simply (perhaps too simply for some readers) reviews the principles of physics that underlie the science of echography. The second section deals with echography of the globe, devoting an initial chapter to a careful description of a systematic method of doing and recording an

Published
1994
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. Aspirin Effects on Mortality and Morbidity in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus

Author

Sheldon M. Buzney, Michael J. Elman, W. Harry Hannon, Stuart L. Fine, Robert L. Jack, Gerald J. Doyle, Robert N. Frank, Stanley M. Kopelow, Paul Segal, Jose Cunha-Vaz, James E. Myrick, Frederick C. Goetz, Mary Jane Prior, William E. Benson, Thomas C. Burton, Michael L. Klein, Thomas W. Miller, Morton F. Goldberg, Donald Bergsma, Morton S. Cox, Richard Baker, Dayton T. Miller, Richard F. Dreyer, David H. Orth, Gary Cassel, Ronald Klein, Everett Ai, Richard D. Hornichter, Stephenie Lucas, William S. Tasman, Thomas M. Aaberg, Jose Briones, Lynn E. Hauser, Edgar Thomas, Michael A. Bloome, Genell L. Knatterud, Gary C. Brown, Robert E. Kalina, Arnall Patz, Ronald J. Prineas, Matthew D. Davis, Richard Chenoweth, Michael T. Trese, Gerald A. Williams, Denis Carroll, Neil L. Ross, Lawrence Basso, F. Tempel Riekhof, Paul Beer, Robin Ewart, Thomas S. Stevens, Dana H. Clarke, Craig G. Wells, Frank L. Myers, Robert C. Ramsay, Lawrence I. Rand, James L. Kinyoun, Philip Silver, Richard S. Ruiz, C. Ronald Lindberg, Thomas A. Rice, Jose C. Briones, Hunter L. Little, George W. Blankenship, Robert P. Murphy, Yvonne L. Magli, George H. Bresnick, Alan L. Shabo, Daniel Seigel, Jerry Cavallerano, James C. Liang, Timothy P. Flood, Jayant Malhotra, Edward Ehrlich, Laurence Arend, Richard S. Crow, J. Terry Ernest, J. Wallace McMeel, Charles A. Garcia, Richard L. Mowery, Lloyd M. Aiello, Rodney L. Immerman, Hak-Joong Kim, Charles Vygantas, Frederick H. Reeser, Fred W. Whitehouse, David D. Bayse, Jack O. Sipperley, Elaine W. Gunter, James K. Kingham, Norman P. Blair, Steven Winokur, Larry D. Hubbard, Suresh R. Chandra, A. Ramos Umpierre, Ramachandiran Cooppan, Jerry P. Palmer, Russell M. Dixon, Lance Turkish, Byron J. Hoogwerf, Thaddeus E. Prout, John Cavender, William H. Knobloch, John J. Weiter, Steven V. Guzak, Gary W. Abrams, Patrick L. Murphy, Joseph A. Kufera, Marian R. Fisher, Roy A. Goodart, Ann E. Ballen, Robert Biesbroeck, Emily Y. Chew, Gerald R. Friedman, Harold B. Weiss, Ingolf H. L. Wallow, Franca Barton, Herbert L. Cantrill, Harry W. Flynn, David Newsome, Steven B. Cohen, George A. Williams, Akbar Rahmani, James K. Hooper, Gregory S. Brinton, William A. Bohart, J. Archibald McNamara, Michael Teske, Raymond R. Margherio, Richard Hohl, Irvin Handelman, Harish Bhatia, Abdul C. Asmal, Edward J. Winter, Trexler M. Topping, Robert Sorenson, Aaron Kassoff, Raúl Pérez, Kirk H. Packo, Travis A. Meredith, Maria Warth, Mohammed Z. Wafai, S. Shah, Gary Arsham, Rudolph M. Franklin, Frederick L. Ferris, José Berrocal, and Robert L. Poole

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Aspirin, business.industry, Incidence (epidemiology), General Medicine, Diabetic retinopathy, medicine.disease, Placebo, law.invention, Surgery, Randomized controlled trial, law, Diabetes mellitus, Relative risk, Internal medicine, medicine, business, Kidney disease, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objectives. —This report presents information on the effects of aspirin on mortality, the occurrence of cardiovascular events, and the incidence of kidney disease in the patients enrolled in the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). Study Design. —This multicenter, randomized clinical trial of aspirin vs placebo was sponsored by the National Eye Institute. Patients. —Patients (N=3711) were enrolled in 22 clinical centers between April 1980 and July 1985. Men and women between the ages of 18 and 70 years with a clinical diagnosis of diabetes mellitus were eligible. Approximately 30% of all patients were considered to have type I diabetes mellitus, 31% type II, and in 39% type I or II could not be determined definitely. Intervention. —Patients were randomly assigned to aspirin or placebo (two 325-mg tablets once per day). Main Outcome Measures. —Mortality from all causes was specified as the primary outcome measure for assessing the systemic effects of aspirin. Other outcome variables included cause-specific mortality and cardiovascular events. Results. —The estimate of relative risk for total mortality for aspirin-treated patients compared with placebo-treated patients for the entire study period was 0.91 (99% confidence interval, 0.75 to 1.11). Larger differences were noted for the occurrence of fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction; the estimate of relative risk was 0.83 for the entire follow-up period (99% confidence interval, 0.66 to 1.04). Conclusions. —The effects of aspirin on any of the cardiovascular events considered in the ETDRS were not substantially different from the effects observed in other studies that included mainly nondiabetic persons. Furthermore, there was no evidence of harmful effects of aspirin. Aspirin has been recommended previously for persons at risk for cardiovascular disease. The ETDRS results support application of this recommendation to those persons with diabetes at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. (JAMA. 1992;268:1292-1300)

Published
1992
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Clinicopathologic Correlation of Diode Laser Burns in Monkeys

Author

William E. Sponsel, Thomas S. Stevens, and Ingolf H. L. Wallow

Subjects
Clinicopathologic correlation, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Fundus Oculi, Light Coagulation, Retina, law.invention, law, Ophthalmology, medicine, Animals, Diode, Choroid, business.industry, Laser treatment, Clinical grade, Laser, eye diseases, Sclera, Surgery, Eye Burns, Macaca fascicularis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Laser Therapy, sense organs, business
Abstract

• One hundred twenty-five retinochoroidal photocoagulation burns, produced by a transpupillary diode laser (810 nm) in six eyes of three cynomolgus monkeys, were evaluated by clinicopathologic correlation for up to 9 weeks after laser treatment. Diode burns of clinical grade 2 strength were comparable to those described for argon laser. However, diode burns of clinical grade 3 strength produced choroidal changes more intense than those described for argon laser. Where present underneath photocoagulation sites, ciliary nerves in choroid or sclera consistently showed scarring. Prospective randomized controlled clinical trials to document possible clinical equivalence or superiority of diode treatment have not yet been performed. Potential clinical advantages of the diode laser include its weight, size, durability, price, absence of visible flash, and its ability to produce burns that profoundly affect the choroid.

Published
1991
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Diagnosis and Pathogenesis of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Tears

Author

Suresh R. Chandra, Nisha R. Krishan, and Thomas S. Stevens

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, chemistry.chemical_compound, Ophthalmology, medicine, Humans, Pigment Epithelium of Eye, Aged, Retina, business.industry, Retinal Detachment, Retinal, Anatomy, Middle Aged, Macular degeneration, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Serous fluid, Choroidal neovascularization, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Tears, Female, sense organs, Choroid, Atrophy, medicine.symptom, business, Retinopathy
Abstract

Ten cases of retinal pigment epithelial tears were observed in eight patients with serous pigment epithelial detachments associated with age-related macular degeneration. Eight of the ten tears were spontaneous and all occurred at the detachment margin. The resulting area of exposed choroid was sometimes initially mistaken for pigment epithelial atrophy. In two cases it was misdiagnosed as choroidal neovascularization and treated with laser photocoagulation. All but two patients suffered severe visual loss.

Published
1985
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. De novo lesions in presumed ocular histoplasmosis-like syndrome

Author

Thomas S. Stevens, S A Miller, and G de Venecia

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, genetic structures, Visual Acuity, Histoplasmosis, Multifocal choroiditis, Lesion, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Humans, Medicine, Fluorescein Angiography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Chorioretinitis, Retinal Vessels, medicine.disease, Fluorescein angiography, eye diseases, Sensory Systems, Radiography, Ophthalmology, Female, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, Research Article
Abstract

Two patients with multifocal choroiditis similar or identical to POHS are presented. Colour photographs and fluorescein angiography document the occurrence of de novo lesions in the originally involved eye. The cases also demonstrate the development of new choroidal lesions within the originally involved eye, the early evolution of the "basic choroidal lesion", and the need for fluorescein angiography for visualizing the underlying choroidal lesion.

Published
1976
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Actin Filaments in Contracting Preretinal Membranes

Author

Thomas S. Stevens, Robin Wilson, Colleen D. Bindley, Ingolf H. L. Wallow, and Marion L. Greaser

Subjects
Adult, Male, Contraction (grammar), Stromal cell, medicine.medical_treatment, Vitrectomy, macromolecular substances, Biology, Stain, law.invention, Postoperative Complications, Retinal Diseases, law, Myosin, medicine, Humans, Actin, Aged, Diabetic Retinopathy, Retinal Hemorrhage, Middle Aged, Retinal Vein, Actins, Cell biology, Microscopy, Electron, Scleral Buckling, Ophthalmology, Membrane, Female, Electron microscope
Abstract

• In 14 patients, preretinal membranes, causing retinal traction and severe visual impairment, were removed by vitrectomy and evaluated by light and electron microscopy using myosin subfragment-1 to stain actin filaments. Eight membranes were of vascular origin, six of nonvascular origin. All but one contained bundles of oriented actin filaments within a number of their nonvascular stroma cells, suggesting that the contractile protein action may have been involved in their clinically observed contraction.

Published
1984
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Latent Disseminated Blastomycosis With Choroidal Involvement

Author

Hilel Lewis, Thomas S. Stevens, Daniel R. B. Fary, and Thomas M. Aaberg

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Fundus Oculi, Eye disease, Blastomycosis, Lesion, Blurred vision, Amphotericin B, medicine, Humans, Fluorescein Angiography, Mycosis, Skin, medicine.diagnostic_test, Choroid, business.industry, medicine.disease, Fluorescein angiography, eye diseases, Ophthalmology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Radiography, Thoracic, sense organs, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

• A 36-year-old man developed blurred vision and a cough five months after traveling to an area from where a large out-break of acute blastomycosis had been reported. Examination revealed a left choroidal lesion in the macular region, skin lesions on the right calf, and a left lung apical infiltrate. Histopathologic examination of the skin lesion demonstrated a granulomatous inflammation and broad-based, budding yeast characteristic ofBlastomyces dermatitidis. Amphotericin B therapy produced a rapid resolution of both choroidal and pulmonary lesions. During a six-month follow-up, there was no evidence of recurrence.

Published
1988
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy: the second report of diabetic retinopathy study findings

Author

Robert C. Ramsay, Ephraim Friedman, Edward W. D. Norton, Stuart L. Fine, John E. Harris, Dana Clarke, Lloyd Paul Aiello, Suresh Chandra, Ingolf H. L. Wallow, Genell L. Knatterud, William H. Annesley, Jose C. Briones, John H. Mensher, Yvonne L. Magli, William Tasman, Leonard Joffe, Edward B. McLean, Raymond R. Margherio, Lawrence Rand, Suresh R. Chandra, Aaron Kassoff, Jose Berrocal, Christian R. Klimt, Robert Bradley, Fred Ederer, Delbert Nachazel, Elizabeth P. Wiesner, Jacob Bearman, Jerome Cornfield, Argye I. Hillis, Donald Martin, Matthew D. Davis, Daniel Finkelstein, George H. Bresnick, Max Miller, Stephen S. Feman, Frederick L. Ferris, Thaddeus E. Prout, Paul Segal, Elmer J. Ballintine, Abraham M. Lilienfeld, Guillermo Velazquez, Bradley R. Straatsma, Glen Johnston, Steven Guzak, Bernard Becker, Robert C. Watzke, Stanley Kopelow, Curtis L. Meinert, Felipe U. Huamonte, Frank L. Myers, William Bohart, W. A. J. van Heuven, Brian C. Leonard, Gholam A. Peyman, Christopher L. B. Canny, Marvin L. Sears, J. Wallace McMeel, Thomas R. Pheasant, William H. Knobloch, Diane Makuc, Frederick C. Goetz, Morton F. Goldberg, Alasdair MacCormick, Arnall Patz, F. Tempel Riekhof, Guillermo de Venecia, Mary Dahl, Thomas S. Stevens, George W. Blankenship, and Antonio Ramos-Umpierre

Subjects
Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, Xenon, Fundus Oculi, Visual Acuity, macromolecular substances, Light Coagulation, Severe nonproliferative retinopathy, Rate of development, Ophthalmology, medicine, Photography, Humans, Stage (cooking), Argon, Interim report, Clinical Trials as Topic, Diabetic Retinopathy, business.industry, Retinal Hemorrhage, Retinal Vessels, Diabetic retinopathy, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Surgery, Visual field, medicine.symptom, Visual Fields, business, Retinopathy, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Data from the Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) show that photocoagulation, as used in the Study, reduced the rate of development of severe visual loss and inhibited the progression of retinopathy. These beneficial effects were noted to some degree in all those stages of diabetic retinopathy which were included in the Study. Some deleterious effects of treatment were also found, including losses of visual acuity and constriction of peripheral visual field. The risk of these harmful effects was considered acceptable in eyes with retinopathy in the moderate or severe proliferative stage when the risk of severe visual loss without treatment was great. In early proliferative or severe nonproliferative retinopathy, when the risk of severe visual loss without treatment was less, the risks of harmful treatment effects assumed greater importance. In these earlier stages, DRS findings have not led to a clear choice between prompt treatment and deferral of treatment unless and until progression to a more severe stage occurs. The purpose of this interim report is to present the data on which these conclusions are based. More detailed reports of Study findings will appear in the future.

Published
1978

22. Spontaneous remodeling of the peripheral retinal vasculature in sickling disorders

Author

Spiros O. Galinos, Bruce J. Busse, Michael B. Woolf, George K. Asdourian, Joseph C.F. Chow, Morton F. Goldberg, Chang Bok Lee, and Thomas S. Stevens

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, genetic structures, Adolescent, Fundus Oculi, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Fundus (eye), Anastomosis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Medicine, Humans, Fluorescein Angiography, Retina, business.industry, Retinal Vessels, Retinal, medicine.disease, Hemoglobin C Disease, Sickle cell anemia, Vascular loops, Peripheral, Ophthalmoscopy, Ophthalmology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Female, business, Retinopathy
Abstract

Periodic photographic and angiographic surveys of patients with the earliest stages of sickle retinopathy showed a number of fundus findings. In seven cases (sickle cell anemia, four; sickle cell hemoglobin C, three), these findings included: (1) a variety of vascular abnormalities in the equatorial and post-equatorial retina such as segmented dilations of the vessel walls, hairpin-shaped vascular loops, hypertrophic, tortuous A-V anastomoses, intraluminal plugs, closure and loss of capillary bed, and terminal budding of capillaries; and (2) a continuous, spontaneous remodeling of the peripheral retinal vasculature due to successive closures and reopenings of equatorial retinal vessels. A centripetal recession of the peripheral retinal vasculature usually resulted. No correlation between the ophthalmoscopic and the systemic condition of the patients could be made.

Published
1975

23. Normal EOG Values of Young Subjects

Author

Shirley Gould, Robert Michael Jones, and Thomas S. Stevens

Subjects
Intraocular foreign body, medicine.medical_specialty, Refractive error, genetic structures, business.industry, Ophthalmology, medicine, Retinal function, Spherical equivalent, sense organs, medicine.disease, business, eye diseases
Abstract

Electro-oculograms were recorded from fifty normal subjects between fifteen and thirty years of age, 25 males and 25 females. Refractive error distributions were the same in both sex groups. Average EOG ratio for the male subjects was 2.28, for the females 2.49; this difference was statistically significant. Twenty subjects were retested on another day to establish limits on the intersession variability of the tests. 95% of the eyes retested were found to have an intersession variability of less than 0.6.

Published
1977
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Diabetic maculopathies

Author

THOMAS S. STEVENS

Subjects
Adult, Vitreous Body, Ophthalmology, Diabetic Retinopathy, Retinal Detachment, Humans, Macula Lutea, Fluorescein Angiography, Light Coagulation
Abstract

Pathological changes in the diabetic macula are a frequent cause of visual loss. They can be classified as intraretinal or vitreoretinal maculopathies. The intraretinal ones are due to hyperpermeable retinal capillaries or retinal vascular shut-down. They appear clinically as macular edema, exudative maculopathy, fluorescein dye leak maculopathy, or ischemic maculopathy. When edema and exudation cause or threaten to cause significant visual loss they are treated by photocoagulation. The vitreoretinal maculopathies are due to traction resulting from (1) the formation of vitreoretinal adhesions with subsequent vitreous shrinkage, (2) the formation of bands or membranes from one retinal area to another and their subsequent shrinkage, or (3) epiretinal membrane formation and contraction. They appear clinically as epiretinal membranes, retinal wrinkling, macular heterotopia, or traction detachment of the macula. Traction detachment and contracted epiretinal membranes associated with significant visual loss are treated by vitreous surgery; an effective treatment for macular heterotopia has not been demonstrated.

Published
1981

25. Nonsurgical management of blow-out fractures of the orbital floor

Author

Allen M. Putterman, Martin J. Urist, and Thomas S. Stevens

Subjects
Orthodontics, Patient Dropouts, Eye Movements, business.industry, Ecchymosis, Prognosis, Hypesthesia, Radiography, Ophthalmology, Fractures, Bone, medicine.anatomical_structure, Blow out fractures, Eye Injuries, medicine, Diplopia, Humans, Prospective Studies, business, Orbit, Orbit (anatomy), Retrospective Studies
Published
1974

26. Immunostaining of preretinal membranes for actin, fibronectin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein

Author

Thomas S. Stevens, Stephen J. Sramek, T Michael Nork, and Ingolf H. L. Wallow

Subjects
Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Proliferative vitreoretinopathy, Fundus Oculi, Biology, Contractility, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Retinal Diseases, Vitrectomy, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, medicine, Photography, Humans, Actin, Diabetic Retinopathy, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, Cell Membrane, Age Factors, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Actins, Staining, Fibronectins, Fibronectin, Ophthalmology, Membrane, biology.protein, sense organs, Immunostaining
Abstract

The frequency and extent of immunostaining for actin, fibronectin (FN), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were determined in 37 preretinal membranes (PRMs) obtained at vitrectomy from 35 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (n =16), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) (n =18), or idiopathic macular pucker (MP) (n = 3). All three proteins were detected in the vast majority of specimens (actin, 86%; FN, 95%; GFAP, 96%), although the extent of staining varied for each. Actin-FN co-localization was observed in all diagnostic groups on comparison of adjacent sections and in double-labeled sections. The extent of actin staining did not correlate with clinical grading of PRM contraction. In PDR membranes, FN staining was low overall, but proportional to the vascular content of the PRM. Fibronectin staining of PVR membranes was greater, and extensive even in avascular specimens. In MP membranes, most cells were GFAP-positive, whereas in PDR and PVR specimens, GFAP staining was variable. The lack of correlation of clinical contractility and membrane composition, as studied in this article by immunostaining, indicates that other factors must play significant roles in determining membrane behavior.

Published
1989

27. Actin filaments in diabetic fibrovascular preretinal membrane

Author

Thomas S. Stevens, Marion L. Greaser, and Ingolf H. L. Wallow

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Contraction (grammar), medicine.medical_treatment, Vitrectomy, macromolecular substances, law.invention, law, Myosin, Preretinal membrane, medicine, Humans, Actin, Diabetic Retinopathy, Chemistry, Retinal Detachment, Retinal detachment, Diabetic retinopathy, Anatomy, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Actins, Vitreous Body, Ophthalmology, sense organs, Electron microscope
Abstract

• A vitrectomy specimen from a diabetic patient was studied by light and electron microscopy using myosin subfragment 1 to decorate and identify actin filaments. The patient had proliferative diabetic retinopathy, a shrinking fibrovascular preretinal membrane associated with retraction of the thickened posterior hyaloid, and a localized traction retinal detachment. The fibrovascular tissue comprised normal mature collagen, few cells, and occasional blood vessels. The cells contained numerous thick bundles of the contractile protein, actin. We suggest that actin may have been involved in the contraction phenomena observed clinically and that membrane contraction might be blocked by pharmacologic treatment.

Published
1981

28. Apparent Coats' disease and pericentric inversion of chromosome 3

Author

Gregory L. Skuta, Thomas D. France, Thomas S. Stevens, and Renata Laxova

Subjects
Genetics, Chromosome Aberrations, business.industry, Chromosome Disorders, Light Coagulation, medicine.disease, Ophthalmology, Chromosome 3, Retinal Diseases, Medicine, Humans, Female, Coats' disease, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, business, Child, Chromosomal inversion
Published
1987

29. LATE-BLOOMING TREES

Author

Thomas S. Stevens

Subjects
Geography, Multidisciplinary
Published
1894

31. Sickling Hemoglobinopathies

Author

Morton F. Goldberg, Bruce J. Busse, Michael B. Woolf, Thomas S. Stevens, Spiros O. Galinos, and Chang Bok Lee

Subjects
Adult, Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Retinal Vein, Adolescent, genetic structures, Retinal Artery, Anemia, Thalassemia, Vision Disorders, Anemia, Sickle Cell, chemistry.chemical_compound, Retinal Diseases, medicine, Humans, Macula Lutea, Fluorescein Angiography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Retinal Vessels, Retinal, Hemoglobin C Disease, medicine.disease, Fluorescein angiography, Aneurysm, eye diseases, Sickle cell anemia, Capillaries, Ophthalmology, chemistry, Maculopathy, Female, sense organs, business
Abstract

Abnormalities in the fine vasculature of the macular and perimacular regions occurred in 7 of 35 consecutive patients with sickling hemoglobinopathies (4 sickle cell anemia, 2 sickle cell hemoglobin C disease, 1 sickle thalassemia). Microaneurysm-like dots, dark and enlarged segments of terminal arterioles, and hairpin-shaped venular loops were visible ophthalmoscopically. Pathologic avascular zones and changes in the normal architecture of both the foveal avascular zone and the surrounding capillary bed were visible only on fluorescein angiography. Four of the seven patients had some loss of central visual functions. These abnormalities are similar to changes described In the retinal periphery of patients with sickling disorders and can be explained by the same pathogenic mechanisms. They, therefore, represent a clinical disease that we have called sickling maculopathy.

Published
1974
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Credé Prophylaxis and Neonatal Corneal Infection With Herpesvirus

Author

Virginia R. Coleman, Michael Easterbrook, John S. Wilkie, and Thomas S. Stevens

Subjects
Male, Time Factors, Corneal Infection, Strain (chemistry), Inoculation, viruses, Infant, Newborn, Keratitis, Dendritic, Biology, Ophthalmia Neonatorum, Virology, Cornea, Disease Models, Animal, Ophthalmology, Silver nitrate, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Animals, Humans, Silver Nitrate, Female, Rabbits, Ophthalmic Solutions, Herpesviridae
Abstract

One possible explanation for the rarity of ocular herpesvirus infections in newborn infants may be the universal application of Crede prophylaxis. To test this hypothesis, a clinically used silver nitrate preparation was instilled in the eyes of rabbits 20 minutes after an ocular inoculation with a strain of type 1 or a strain of type 2 herpesvirus (HSV). With the strain of type 1 HSV, silver nitrate prevented infection with smaller inocula (3,000 plaqueforming units [PFU]), but not with a larger dose (30,000 PFU). With the strain of herpes type 2 there was not prevention of disease with either concentration of inoculum (1,000 and 10,000 PFU). The practical importance of silver nitrate prophylaxis on herpetic infection in the newborn may be small.

Published
1974
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Notes

Author

B. K. Blount, Robert Robinson, Thomas Thomson, Thomas S. Stevens, John Packer, John D. Sargent, and Gartha Thompson

Published
1933
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. Notes

Author

Sarah N. McGeoch, Thomas S. Stevens, J. Frederick J. Dippy, Frank R. Williams, Frank R. Goss, and John W. Baker

Published
1934
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results