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Objective Estimate the prevalence of diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and early Alzheimer’s disease (eAD) overall and stratified by age, sex and deprivation and combinations thereof in England on 1 January 2020.Design Cross-sectional.Setting Primary care electronic health record data, the Clinical Practice Research database linked with secondary care data, Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and patient-level deprivation data, Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD).Outcome measures The prevalence per 100 000 of the population and corresponding 95% CIs for both diagnosed AD and eAD overall and stratified by covariates. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the sensitivity of the population definition and look-back period.Results There were 448 797 patients identified in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink that satisfied the study inclusion criteria and were eligible for HES and IMD linkage. For the main analysis of AD and eAD, 379 763 patients are eligible for inclusion in the denominator. This resulted in an estimated prevalence of diagnosed AD of 378.39 (95% CI, 359.36 to 398.44) per 100 000 and eAD of 292.81 (95% CI, 276.12 to 310.52) per 100 000. Prevalence estimates across main and sensitivity analyses for the entire AD study population were found to vary widely with estimates ranging from 137.48 (95% CI, 127.05 to 148.76) to 796.55 (95% CI, 768.77 to 825.33). There was significant variation in prevalence of diagnosed eAD when assessing the sensitivity with the look-back periods, as low as 120.54 (95% CI, 110.80 to 131.14) per 100 000, and as high as 519.01 (95% CI, 496.64 to 542.37) per 100 000.Conclusions The study found relatively consistent patterns of prevalence across both AD and eAD populations. Generally, the prevalence of diagnosed AD increased with age and increased with deprivation for each age category. Women had a higher prevalence than men. More granular levels of stratification reduced patient numbers and increased the uncertainty of point prevalence estimates. Despite this, the study found a relationship between deprivation and prevalence of AD.

ABSTRACT Importance Staphylococcus lugdunensis (S. lugdunensis) is a coagulase‐negative staphylococcus (CoNS), found commonly as skin flora in humans. While most species of CoNS are clinically benign, S. lugdunensis can exhibit a similar virulence to that of S. aureus. However, there is scant data concerning S. lugdunensis infection in the pediatric population. Objective To ascertain local S. lugdunensis infection rates and sensitivity patterns in the pediatric population. Methods A retrospective analysis was undertaken of all S. lugdunensis isolates across a 6‐year period from 2015 to 2020. Data were collected from electronic patient notes and laboratory records. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization and time of flight mass spectrometry were used to identify isolates. Results Ninety‐six isolates of S. lugdunensis were identified from 86 patients. Of these, 34 isolates were treated as an infection. Twenty‐three (67.6%) were found to have skin as the primary source of infection. While the observed number was small, central nervous system (CNS) sources of S. lugdunensis infection appear to be a significant source: all three isolates cultured from cerebrospinal fluid were clinically managed as infection. All three were associated with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt infection. No cases of S. lugdunensis infective endocarditis were identified. About 18.6% of S. lugdunensis isolates were resistant to flucloxacillin. Interpretation S. lugdunensis is an uncommon but significant cause of infection in the pediatric population and appears to be a rising cause of CNS infection, particularly when associated with VP shunts. Flucloxacillin is recommended locally as the first choice of antibiotic.

This paper explores the redesign of a course in Digital Storytelling that integrates metaliteracy to advance Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL). Students from the United States and Prague, Czech Republic are active participants in this fully online global course as they learn to produce digital stories. The metaliteracy framework encourages metacognitive reflection and the active participation in social information environments. A collaborative teaching team from the United States and Europe redesigned this course to integrate metaliteracy into the learning activities and self-assessments. As students learn to become digital storytellers, they self-identify with specific metaliterate learner roles (producer, collaborator, researcher, etc.), assess their learning through four domains of metaliterate learning (affective, behavioural, cognitive, and metacognitive), and lastly reflect on their work in the course through the metaliteracy characteristics (collaborative, open, reflective, civic-minded, etc.). The internationalization of education in this COIL course is enhanced by the novel combination of metaliteracy and digital storytelling.

Noncavitary torso hemorrhage is a rare and poorly characterized injury that can lead to exsanguination if not promptly addressed. When present in a high-risk patient on therapeutic anticoagulation, it can lead to a swift fatal outcome. Two cases (an 80-year-old female on warfarin and a 67-year-old male on apixaban for atrial fibrillation) presented with shock after direct blunt trauma in their torsos. Embolotherapy techniques were utilized to obtain angiostasis while the patients were resuscitated with massive transfusion protocols and reversal of the agents received. In the setting of severe localized blunt trauma on an aging victim while on antithrombotic medications, noncavitary torso hemorrhage must be included in the differential diagnosis. Local expertise and a high level of suspicion were critical in the early intervention, and postprocedural management of the injuries sustained and secured a good result.

Galinsoga (Galinsoga quadriradiata) is an erect (upright), herbaceous, short-lived warm-season annual weed in Florida landscapes, container nurseries, and other agricultural production systems. In nurseries and landscapes, galinsoga can be a troublesome weed, but it has been utilized by some cultures for food or medicinal purposes. This new 5-page article is written for green-industry professionals and others to aid in the identification and management of galinsoga in and around ornamental plants. Written by Thomas Smith, Chris Marble, Shawn Steed, and Nathan Boyd, and published by the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep593

In the present study, probiotic yogurt with Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5 and Bifidobacterium BB12 was produced via fortification with chickpea flour (0, 1, 2.5, 5% w/v). During refrigerated storage for five weeks, probiotics maintained a viable count above the minimum therapeutic level (106 CFU/g) in all yogurt types. Although there was no significant (p > 0.05) positive effect of chickpea flour on probiotic viability during storage, the addition of chickpea flour has beneficial effects on the viability of both probiotic species in the presence of gastric and intestinal juices, with 0.3% bile. This study also evaluated the physio-chemical properties of probiotic yogurt during storage. Some physicochemical properties of yogurt, such as water holding capacity and susceptibility to syneresis, were enhanced by the addition of chickpea flour. Hence, chickpea flour could be an attractive pulse ingredient in the production of probiotic yogurts for health-conscious consumers.

Despite boasting a population where approximately 50% of individuals are aged 65 or older, Collier County has few services specifically targeting this population. This project utilized geographic information systems (GIS) to examine the current needs of the senior population in a defined section of Collier County, Florida. Various data points regarding the population age 65 and over were obtained using the U.S. Census Bureau’s American FactFinder tool. This data was incorporated into digital maps that included the census tracts of the selected geographic area, locations of existing programs/services, and the existing transportation network. The results of the spatial analysis were corroborated by data collected via key informant interviews and focus groups. The result of the project was the establishment of the first senior access center in Collier County. The project reinforces the use of GIS technologies for the purposes of needs assessment and siting program locations in the human services.

Religious freedom has been always considered as a strong indicator democracy and institutional set up in a country. Ex- communist countries in their efforts to set up a state of law and foster democracy, particularly, are more sensible toward indicators such as religious freedom, tolerance and diversity considering them strong components of their social tissue necessary to set up a functional democracy. Their past legacy and history, are strong factors influencing their present and future. Analyzing the past, present and future of a country’s religiosity, religious freedom and tolerance, represent a valid contribution not only in terms of social assessment. They also compound a first layer for policies and strategies to create open societies and reinforce the institutional set up and rule of law. Albania, among these countries, represents a very unique case of variation in attitudes and relation toward religion along history. But a strong tolerant component characterizes the overall perception and behavior toward religious diversity. A historic, politic and social analysis of the Albanian case of religious tolerance and co-existence, necessary to understand the real western inspiration of the country and its democracy’s future, is the biggest contribution of this paper.

The present study attempted to test McCullough and Willoughby's hypothesis that self-control mediates the relationships between religiosity and psychosocial outcomes. Specifically, this study examined whether trait self-control (TSC) mediates the relationship of identified-introjected religiosity with positive and negative health-related-feelings (HRF) in healthy Muslims.Two hundred eleven French-speaking participants (116 females, 95 males; Mage = 28.15, SDage = 6.90) answered questionnaires. One hundred ninety participants were retained for the analyses because they reported to be healthy (105 females, 85 males; Mage = 27.72, SDage = 6.80). To examine the relationships between religiosity, TSC and HRF, two competing mediation models were tested using structural equation model analysis: While a starting model used TSC as mediator of the religiosity-HRF relationship, an alternative model used religiosity as mediator of the TSC-HRF relationship.The findings revealed that TSC mediated the relationship between identified religiosity and positive HRF, and that identified religiosity mediated the relationship between TSC and positive and negative HRF, thereby validating both models. Moreover, the comparison of both models showed that the starting model explained 13.211% of the variance (goodness of fit = 1.000), whereas the alternative model explained 6.877% of the variance (goodness of fit = 0.987).These results show that the starting model is the most effective model to account for the relationships between religiosity, TSC, and HRF. Therefore, this study provides initial insights into how religiosity influences psychological health through TSC. Important practical implications for the religious education are suggested.

This paper explores the redesign of a course in "Digital Storytelling" that integrates metaliteracy to advance Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL). Students from the United States and Prague, Czech Republic are active participants in this fully online global course as they learn to produce digital stories. The metaliteracy framework encourages metacognitive reflection and the active participation in social information environments. A collaborative teaching team from the United States and Europe redesigned this course to integrate metaliteracy into the learning activities and self-assessments. As students learn to become digital storytellers, they self-identify with specific metaliterate learner roles (producer, collaborator, researcher, etc.), assess their learning through four domains of metaliterate learning (affective, behavioural, cognitive, and metacognitive), and lastly reflect on their work in the course through the metaliteracy characteristics (collaborative, open, reflective, civic-minded, etc.). The internationalization of education in this COIL course is enhanced by the novel combination of metaliteracy and digital storytelling.

This article will review the anatomy and common pathologies affecting the peroneus longus muscle and tendon. The anatomy of the peroneus longus is complex and its long course can result in symptomatology referable to the lower leg, ankle, hindfoot, and plantar foot. Proximally, the peroneus longus muscle lies within the lateral compartment of the lower leg with its distal myotendinous junction arising just above the level of the ankle. The distal peroneus longus tendon has a long course and makes two sharp turns at the lateral ankle and hindfoot before inserting at the medial plantar foot. A spectrum of pathology can occur in these regions. At the lower leg, peroneus longus muscle injuries (e.g., denervation) along with retromalleolar tendon instability/subluxation will be discussed. More distally, along the lateral calcaneus and cuboid tunnel, peroneus longus tendinosis and tears, tenosynovitis, and painful os peroneum syndrome (POPS) will be covered. Pathology of the peroneus longus will be illustrated using clinical case examples along its entire length; these will help the radiologist understand and interpret common peroneus longus disorders.