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International audience; While it is still impossible for flying drones to land autonomously by sight, a bee is able to land on a moving flower and a helicopter pilot is able to land on the deck of a ship. Biological agents are thus able to perform similar navigational tasks with ease despite their differences in size, inertia or visual acuity (Berger Dauxère et al., 2021). Their prowess is essentially a result of the optic flow from which optical invariants are taken to regulate their movement or make decisions. Our studies on bees show that not only is optic flow essential for their altitude control (Serres et al., 2022), but also that they are able to detect different optical invariants to control their altitude (Berger Dauxère et al., 2022), thus bringing them closer to the perceptive abilities of pilots (Morice et al., 2021; Thomas et al., 2021, 2023). Our studies on very different biological agents: bees and pilots, thus allow us to better understand how optic flow is exploited according to the agent's movement constraints. The compilation of results between these different agents allows us not only to develop "ecological" piloting aids for pilots, but also automatic pilots to robotize aircraft.

Cette étude porte sur le système de santé de la Côte d’Ivoire post-Covid-19. L’objectif visé est de contribuer à l’amélioration du système de santé ivoirien post-Covid-19. La méthodologie de recherche adoptée est basée sur la recherche documentaire et l’enquête de terrain (entretiens semi-directifs). Les résultats révèlent que, le pays dispose d’un système de santé de type pyramidal avec deux (2) versants hérité de la colonisation. L’étude montre également, qu’en dépit de nombreux moyens mobilisés par le gouvernement ivoirien et le soutien des partenaires au développement, le COVID-19 a fait plus de 800 victimes et a accentué les réserves des populations à l’égard du système de soins. L’étude invite à un système de santé performant et résilient post-Covid-19 avec une grande capacité de prévention et de gestion des urgences de santé publique en vue d’assurer la qualité et l’équité des soins

Establishing linkage among data of diverse domains (e.g. biological, environmental, socio-economical, and geographical) is critical to address complex multidimensional issues such as food security or sustainable agriculture. The complexity of this challenge increases with the level of heterogeneity of the data but also with the social context of production of datasets, a dimension usually less considered. Building on the experience of a transdisciplinary project on the diversity of crop diversity management systems in West Africa (CoEx), this chapter reflects on the importance to better account for agency for more meaningful, responsible and efficient plant data linkage. The chapter addresses sequentially the cognitive and political challenges related to data work and the way they could be addressed simultaneously within the same social unit. To do this, we rely on the concept of community of practice (CoP) which gained enormous popularity in relation to data and knowledge management. More than simply a social mechanism for community knowledge management, we show in this contribution that CoP needs to be approached as a social experiment and a terrain of collective situated learning in order to address each challenge and their linkages with respect to data work.

International audience

L’eau est un bien naturel qui intervient dans le fonctionnement des communautés. Il est donc primordial d’entretenir les infrastructures hydrauliques, afin de garantir leur pérennité pour une meilleure protection de la santé. L’eau recueillie peut être de bonne qualité, mais le transport et la conservation peut dégrader sa qualité. Aussi, pendant la saison des pluies, l’eau de ruissellement se déverse dans les sources d’eau non améliorées. Cette situation est observée dans les localités rurales de Bognonzra et Gobazra. L’étude vise à analyser les facteurs qui rendent difficiles l’approvisionnement en eau susceptibles d’influencer négativement la santé des populations de Bognonzra et Gobazra. Il a été question pour la méthodologie adoptée de faire une recherche documentaire et des enquêtes de terrains (Quinze femmes et dix hommes ont été interviewés dans chaque village). Les résultats se déclinent comme suit: le disfonctionnement du réseau d’approvisionnement en eau de la SODECI, la défaillance d’une HVA à Bognonzra contre trois HV fonctionnelles. Gobazra compte six HV, dont trois en pannes et trois fonctionnelles. Les difficultés pour se procurer de l’eau s’accentuent en saison sèche. Consciente des pathologies hydriques, la population évite de consommer l’eau de marigot et de puits non protégés en saison pluvieuse.

National audience

Highlights • The CMAPshin measurement is a convenient and safe method with good intra-observer reliability. • The right-left difference in the CMAPshin amplitude/area is likely pathological where a difference is more then 25%. • This method can be used to estimate the axonal loss in lesions involving these muscles., Objective The normal limits of symmetry for the compound muscle action potential of the shin muscles (CMAPshin) have not been determined yet. The goal of this study is to provide extensive data on the limits of symmetry and the reliability of CMAPshin. Methods The study was conducted in normal healthy males and females. All subjects underwent CMAPshin measurements bilaterally. The median percent differences of right/left amplitude/area, with range of these measurements, were calculated. In addition, the intra- and interobserver reliability was examined in a separate population. Results The study group consisted of 58 healthy individuals. The median percent right/left difference for amplitude and area were respectively 7.2% (range 0–23.6%) and 5.4% (range 0.7–25.6%). Right/left difference of the amplitude/area of the CMAPshin greater than 24%/26% respectively can be considered as pathological. The Pearson correlation coefficients (r) for the intra-observer reliability amplitude/area are 0.905/0.882 and for the inter-observer reliability are 0.968/0.981. Conclusions The results confirm symmetry and good intra- and interobserver reliability in CMAPshin measurements. Significance CMAPshin can be used in practice to estimate axonal loss in case of a foot drop. Data studies examining symmetry of CMAPshin can facilitate in the clinical interpretation of these nerve conduction studies.

International audience

Objective: Collection and meta-analysis of all relevant anatomical studies related to the pubic symphysis to provide a state of the art review of its musculotendinous and ligamentous attachments from 2010 to date. Methods: A systematic search of published literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Embase) was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines from January 2010 up until now. All papers investigating the anatomy of the musculotendinous attachments of the pubis and the pubic ligaments were eligible. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Appraisal for Cadaveric Studies (QUACS scale). A narrative analysis approach was adopted to synthesize the findings. Results: After screening and review of 1313 papers, a total of six studies investigating the anatomy of the pubic ligaments and tendons were included. Of the six articles included in this systematic review, five articles performed a macroscopic anatomical dissection, three articles performed a microscopic (histological) study, and one article combined microscopic examination with an MRI imaging examination. The anatomy of the pubic symphysis was examined in 76 anatomical cadavers (60 embalmed, 16 fresh frozen). In total 44 male cadavers (58%), 28 female cadavers (37%) and four cadavers whose gender was not stated were dissected. Conclusion: The age-old accepted concept of the fusion of the rectus abdominis with the adductor longus via the aponeurotic plate is outdated. New anatomical concepts like the pyramidalis-anterior pubic ligament-adductor longus complex (PLAC), recto-gracilis tendon, fusion of adductor brevis with gracilis, etc. are recently introduced. The awareness of anatomy and morphology of the pubic ligaments plays a significant role in understanding the diagnosis and treatment of groin pain. (c) 2022 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Since there are currently no interesting treatment options for men with early-stage Dupuytren's disease, new, safe and effective treatment methods are required to improve the quality of life of such patients. Over the past decade, isotonic sugar water injections have received increasing attention from clinicians worldwide. Glucopuncture is a new term to describe isotonic sugar water injections into dermis, fascia, muscles, tendons and ligaments. In this clinical case, a 75-year-old man was treated with glucopuncture for a painless nodule on the right hand. A marked reduction in hardness and size of the nodule was observed after six sessions. Establishing a case series with imaging before and after treatment could be a first step to further illustrate the effects of this novel injection technique. Next, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with sufficient sample size are needed to establish the value of glucopuncture for painless nodules in Dupuytren's disease.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), compression of the median nerve lying deep under the flexor retinaculum, is the most common entrapment neuropathy of the upper limb. After a failure of conservative treatments, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and splinting, interventional techniques are required. Hydrodissection is an injection technique that separates the nerve from the surrounding tissue. Although this technique is gaining ground in modern medicine, the state-of-the-art literature is lacking a clear protocol or approach for hydrodissection for CTS. In this article, we describe a safe, minimally invasive, effective, and easy-to-use ultrasound-guided hydrodissection technique for CTS.