7 results on '"Thomas F Haws"'
Search Results
2. A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Effects of 8 Weeks of Administration of GSK256073, a Selective GPR109A Agonist, on High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Subjects With Dyslipidemia
- Author
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John J. Lepore, Kelly M. Mahar, Anne-Charlotte de Gouville, Thomas F Haws, Dennis L. Sprecher, Feng Gao, Michael J. Fossler, and Eric Olson
- Subjects
Agonist ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Placebo-controlled study ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Placebo ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Niacin ,Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,High-density lipoprotein ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Flushing ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Aged ,Dyslipidemias ,business.industry ,Cholesterol ,Drug Administration Routes ,Cholesterol, HDL ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Endocrinology ,Treatment Outcome ,chemistry ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Xanthines ,Female ,business ,Dyslipidemia ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
GPR109A (HM74A), a G-protein-coupled receptor, is hypothesized to mediate lipid and lipoprotein changes and dermal flushing associated with niacin administration. GSK256073 (8-chloro-3-pentyl-1H-purine-2,6[3H,7H]-dione) is a selective GPR109A agonist shown to suppress fatty acid levels and produce mild flushing in short-term clinical studies. This study evaluated the effects of GSK256073 on lipids in subjects with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc). Subjects (n = 80) were randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive GSK256073 5, 50, or 150 mg/day or matching placebo for 8 weeks. The primary end point was determining the GSK256073 exposure-response relationship for change from baseline in HDLc. No significant exposure response was observed between GSK256073 and HDLc levels. GSK256073 did not significantly alter HDLc levels versus placebo, but rather revealed a trend at the 150-mg dose for a nonsignificant decrease in HDLc (-6.31%; P = .12) and an increase in triglycerides (median, 24.4%; 95% confidence interval, 7.3%-41.6%). Flushing was reported in 21%, 25%, and 60% of subjects (5, 50, and 150 mg, respectively) versus 24% for placebo. Results indicated that selective activation of the GPR109A receptor with GSK256073 did not produce niacin-like lipid effects. These findings add to the increasing evidence that niacin-mediated lipoprotein changes occur predominantly via GPR109A-independent pathways.
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- 2019
3. Effects of the Novel Long-Acting GLP-1 Agonist, Albiglutide, on Cardiac Function, Cardiac Metabolism, and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction
- Author
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Thomas F Haws, Robert J. Gropler, John J. Lepore, Michael J. Fossler, Laura Demopoulos, Victor G. Davila-Roman, Eric Olson, Zixing Fang, April M. Barbour, and Stuart D. Russell
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Agonist ,Cardiac function curve ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Ejection fraction ,business.industry ,medicine.drug_class ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Type 2 diabetes ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Placebo ,Albiglutide ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Heart failure ,medicine ,Cardiology ,In patient ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Objectives This study sought to determine if glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 ameliorates myocardial metabolic abnormalities in chronic heart failure. Background Albiglutide (GSK716155) is a GLP-1 agonist indicated for type 2 diabetes. Methods We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluating 12 weeks of albiglutide in New York Heart Association II or III subjects with ejection fraction Results Albiglutide 30 mg compared with placebo did not improve change from baseline in left ventricular ejection fraction (2.4% [1.1%] vs. 4.4% [1.1%]; p = 0.22), 6-min walk test (18 [12] m vs. 9 [11] m; p = 0.58), myocardial glucose use (p = 0.59), or oxygen use (p = 0.25). In contrast, albiglutide 30 mg versus placebo improved change from baseline in peak oxygen consumption (0.9 [0.5] ml/kg/min vs. -0.6 [0.5] ml/kg/min; p = 0.02). Albiglutide was well tolerated. Conclusions Although there was no detectable effect of albiglutide on cardiac function or myocardial glucose use, there was a modest increase in peak oxygen consumption, which could have been mediated by noncardiac effects. (A Multi-center, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Safety of GSK716155 and Its Effects on Myocardial Metabolism, Myocardial Function, and Exercise Capacity in Patients With NYHA Class II/III Congestive Heart Failure; NCT01357850 )
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- 2016
4. Short-term treatment with a novel HIF-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (GSK1278863) failed to improve measures of performance in subjects with claudication-limited peripheral artery disease
- Author
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Thomas F Haws, Kelly M. Mahar, Laura Demopoulos, Erding Hu, Zixing Fang, Pu Qin, William R. Hiatt, Timothy A. Bauer, Eric Olson, and John J. Lepore
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Population ,Urology ,Walking ,Placebo ,Peripheral Arterial Disease ,medicine ,Humans ,Dosing ,Muscle, Skeletal ,education ,Adverse effect ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Prolyl-Hydroxylase Inhibitors ,HIF prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor ,Intermittent Claudication ,Middle Aged ,Surgery ,Regimen ,Treatment Outcome ,Hypoxia-inducible factors ,Exercise Test ,Quality of Life ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Claudication ,business - Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) stabilization by HIF-prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors may improve ischemic conditions such as peripheral artery disease (PAD). This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled study evaluated the safety and efficacy of GSK1278863 (an oral PHD inhibitor) in subjects with PAD. The study assessed two active treatment paradigms: single dosing and subchronic daily dosing (300 mg single dose and 15 mg daily for 14 days, respectively). Neither regimen improved exercise performance compared with placebo (change from baseline in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT; feet), (GSK1278863, placebo): single dose (–46, –44), p=0.96; repeat dose (9, 8), p=0.99; change in number of contractions to onset of claudication (goniometry): single dose (4, –1), p=0.053; repeat dose (–2, 1), p=0.08). A calf-muscle biopsy substudy showed no increases in mRNA or protein levels of HIF target genes. More subjects receiving GSK1278863 than placebo experienced adverse events, particularly following the 300 mg single dose. Thus, assessing the safety of GSK1278863 in this setting would require a larger population exposed to the agent for a longer duration. These data do not support a benefit of GSK1278863 in PAD using the regimens tested. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01673555
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- 2014
5. Principles of Good Clinical Practice
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Michael J. McGraw, Adam N. George, Shawn P. Shearn, Rigel L. Hall, Thomas F. Haws Jr, Michael J. McGraw, Adam N. George, Shawn P. Shearn, Rigel L. Hall, and Thomas F. Haws Jr
- Subjects
- Medical protocols, Clinical medicine
- Abstract
Part of'RPS Pharmacy Business Administration Series', this book offers good clinical practice guidelines. It includes standards on how clinical trials should be conducted, provide assurance of safety and efficacy of various drugs and protect human rights.
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- 2010
6. Dexamethasone and tumor necrosis factor-alpha act together to induce the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis-2 gene and prevent apoptosis in a variety of cell types
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Elizabeth A. Allegretto, Thomas F. Haws, Paul M. Collier, Rebecca L. Hanson, Juliane K. Mills, Timothy C. Burn, Reid M. Huber, and Jeffrey C. Webster
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T-Lymphocytes ,Apoptosis ,Biology ,Inhibitor of apoptosis ,Response Elements ,Dexamethasone ,Endocrinology ,Transcription (biology) ,medicine ,Humans ,Luciferase ,RNA, Messenger ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,Gene ,Glucocorticoids ,Lung ,Cells, Cultured ,A549 cell ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Proteins ,Drug Synergism ,Transfection ,Molecular biology ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Glioblastoma ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Using microarray technology, we analyzed 12,000 genes for regulation by TNF-alpha and the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, in the human lung epithelial cell line, A549. Only one gene was induced by both agents, the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (c-IAP2), which was induced 17-fold and 5-fold by TNF-alpha at 2 h and 24 h, respectively, and increased 14-fold and 9-fold by dexamethasone at 2 h and 24 h, respectively. The combination of the two agents together led to an additive increase (34-fold) at 2 h and a more than additive effect (36-fold) at 24 h. The human c-IAP2 promoter contains two nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB sites that have been shown to be required for transcriptional activation by TNF-alpha. To test whether glucocorticoids regulate the c-IAP2 gene at the level of the promoter, a reporter vector containing 947 bases upstream of the start site of transcription of the human c-IAP2 promoter was linked to luciferase [IAP(-947-+54)-LUC] and transfected into A549 cells. Dexamethasone and TNF-alpha each induced reporter activity, whereas the combination of the two agents led to greater induction of luciferase than either one alone. Truncation of the promoter region containing a putative glucocorticoid response element (GRE) at -515 [IAP(-395-+54)-LUC] or mutation of the GRE in the context of the natural promoter [IAP(-947-+54mutGRE)-LUC] resulted in a loss of dexamethasone-mediated induction of reporter activity. Although the functional NF-kappaB sites were retained in the truncated and mutant c-IAP2 promoter constructs, dexamethasone did not inhibit the TNF-alpha induction of luciferase activity, indicating that GR repression through the NF-kappaB sites did not occur. Regulation of the c-IAP2 gene is therefore unique, as GR and NF-kappaB signaling pathways are usually mutually antagonistic, not cooperative. Treatment of A549 cells with TNF-alpha and/or dexamethasone had no effect on cell death, but the two agents were able to inhibit interferon-gamma/anti-FAS antibody-mediated apoptosis. In human glioblastoma A172 cells, TNF-alpha and dexamethasone together elicited a greater than additive increase in c-IAP2 mRNA levels and also inhibited anti-FAS antibody-mediated A172 cell apoptosis. In contrast, in human CEM-C7 leukemic T cells, whereas TNF-alpha and dexamethasone treatment also led to an increase in c-IAP2 mRNA, the two agents were able to induce apoptosis on their own. However, TNF-alpha and dexamethasone were also able to blunt anti-FAS-induced apoptosis in the T cells. These data indicate that the induction of the antiapoptotic protein, c-IAP2, by glucocorticoids and TNF-alpha correlates with the ability of these agents to inhibit apoptosis in a variety of cell types.
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- 2002
7. Generation of multiple farnesoid-X-receptor isoforms through the use of alternative promoters
- Author
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Altaf Kassam, Paul L. Gunyuzlu, Kathleen Murphy, John Link, Gregory F Hollis, Bowman Miao, Mark J Rupar, Peter R. Young, Mark R. Cunningham, Timothy C. Burn, Reid M. Huber, Ranjan Mukherjee, Thomas F. Haws, and Francoise Powell
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Gene isoform ,DNA, Complementary ,Transcription, Genetic ,medicine.drug_class ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Hamster ,Codon, Initiator ,Gene Expression ,Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ,Biology ,Chenodeoxycholic Acid ,Cricetinae ,Genetics ,medicine ,Tumor Cells, Cultured ,Animals ,Humans ,Protein Isoforms ,Amino Acid Sequence ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,Bile acid ,Mesocricetus ,Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ,Lipid metabolism ,Promoter ,General Medicine ,Exons ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Alternative Splicing ,Biochemistry ,Nuclear receptor ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Genes ,RNA ,Farnesoid X receptor ,Sequence Alignment ,Golden hamster ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Bile acid biosynthesis is regulated by both feed-forward and feedback mechanisms involving a cascade of nuclear hormone receptors. Feed-forward regulation of the rate limiting enzyme in bile acid biosynthesis is provided by oxysterols through liver-X-receptor alpha (NR1H3), while feedback regulation is provided by bile acids through farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR) (NR1H4). The Syrian golden hamster provides a useful model for studying lipid metabolism. The hamster metabolizes and transports dietary cholesterol in a similar manner to humans, with the resulting lipid profile being more similar to the human profile than that of other rodent models. Cloning of Fxr from Syrian golden hamster revealed four hamster Fxr splice variants that altered the N-terminal activation domain or the hinge region between the DNA and ligand binding domains. Human genomic sequence and data from hamster Fxr were used to identify and clone a novel human FXR isoform resulting from the use of an alternative promoter. RNA expression analysis indicates that the two human FXR isoforms are differentially expressed in developmental and tissue-specific patterns and are likely to provide a mechanism for cell-specific FXR-dependent transcriptional activity.
- Published
- 2002
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