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3. Identification and transcriptomic assessment of latent profile pediatric septic shock phenotypes

Author

Atreya, Mihir R., Huang, Min, Moore, Andrew R., Zheng, Hong, Hasin-Brumshtein, Yehudit, Fitzgerald, Julie C., Weiss, Scott L., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Bigham, Michael T., Jain, Parag N., Schwarz, Adam J., Lutfi, Riad, Nowak, Jeffrey, Thomas, Neal J., Quasney, Michael, Dahmer, Mary K., Baines, Torrey, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Lautz, Andrew J., Stanski, Natalja L., Standage, Stephen W., Kaplan, Jennifer M., Zingarelli, Basilia, Sahay, Rashmi, Zhang, Bin, Sweeney, Timothy E., Khatri, Purvesh, Sanchez-Pinto, L. Nelson, and Kamaleswaran, Rishikesan

Published
2024
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4. NuSTAR and AstroSat observations of GX 9$+$1: Spectral and temporal studies

Author

Thomas, Neal Titus, Gudennavar, S. B., and Bubbly, S. G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We have studied the spectro-temporal properties of the neutron star low mass X-ray binary GX 9$+$1 using data from \textit{NuSTAR/FPM} and \textit{AstroSat/SXT} and \textit{LAXPC}. The hardness-intensity diagram of the source showed it to be in the soft spectral state during both observations. \textit{NuSTAR} spectral analysis yielded an inclination angle ($\theta$) $=$ 29$\substack{+3\\-4}^{\circ}$ and inner disk radius ($R_{in}$) $\leq$ 19.01 km. Assuming that the accretion disk was truncated at the Alfv\'en radius during the observation, the upper limit of the magnetic dipole moment ($\mu$) and the magnetic field strength ($B$) at the poles of the neutron star in GX 9$+$1 were calculated to be 1.45$\times$$10^{26}$ G cm$^3$ and 2.08$\times$$10^8$ G, respectively (for $k_A$ $=$ 1). Flux resolved spectral analysis with \textit{AstroSat} data showed the source to be in the soft spectral state ($F_{disk}$/$F_{total}$ $\sim$0.9) with a monotonic increase in mass accretion rate ($\dot{m}$) along the banana branch. The analysis also showed the presence of absorption edges at $\sim$1.9 and $\sim$2.4 keV, likely due to Si XIII and S XV, respectively. Temporal analysis with \textit{LAXPC-20} data in the 0.02 $-$ 100 Hz range revealed the presence of noise components, which could be characterized with broad Lorentzian components.

Published
2023
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5. A note on stratification errors in the analysis of clinical trials

Author

Thomas, Neal

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

Stratification in both the design and analysis of randomized clinical trials is common. Despite features in automated randomization systems to re-confirm the stratifying variables, incorrect values of these variables may be entered. These errors are often detected during subsequent data collection and verification. Questions remain about whether to use the mis-reported initial stratification or the corrected values in subsequent analyses. It is shown that the likelihood function resulting from the design of randomized clinical trials supports the use of the corrected values. New definitions are proposed that characterize misclassification errors as `ignorable' and `non-ignorable'. Ignorable errors may depend on the correct strata and any other modeled baseline covariates, but they are otherwise unrelated to potential treatment outcomes. Data management review suggests most misclassification errors are arbitrarily produced by distracted investigators, so they are ignorable or at most weakly dependent on measured and unmeasured baseline covariates. Ignorable misclassification errors may produce a small increase in standard errors, but other properties of the planned analyses are unchanged (e.g., unbiasedness, confidence interval coverage). It is shown that unbiased linear estimation in the absence of misclassification errors remains unbiased when there are non-ignorable misclassification errors, and the corresponding confidence intervals based on the corrected strata values are conservative., Comment: 23 pages

Published
2023

6. Protocol for the Catheter-Related Early Thromboprophylaxis With Enoxaparin (CRETE) Studies

Author

Faustino, E. Vincent S., Kandil, Sarah B., Leroue, Matthew K., Sochet, Anthony A., Kong, Michele, Cholette, Jill M., Nellis, Marianne E., Pinto, Matthew G., Chegondi, Madhuradhar, Ramirez, Michelle, Schreiber, Hilary, Kerris, Elizabeth W. J., Glau, Christie L., Kolmar, Amanda, Muisyo, Teddy M., Sharathkumar, Anjali, Polikoff, Lee, Silva, Cicero T., Ehrlich, Lauren, Navarro, Oscar M., Spinella, Philip C., Raffini, Leslie, Taylor, Sarah N., McPartland, Tara, Shabanova, Veronika, Faustino, E. Vincent S., Holtz, Laura, McPartland, Tara, Soo, Zi Kai, Kandil, Sarah, Raffini, Leslie, Silva, Cicero, Spinella, Philip, Taylor, Sarah, Shabanova, Veronika, McCullom, Sarah, Silva, Cicero T., Ehrlich, Lauren, Navarro, Oscar M., Barbaro, Ryan, Jaffray, Julie, Warren, Joshua, Sharathkumar, Anjali, Polikoff, Lee, Leroue, Matthew K., Arellano, Venessa Hoppes, Andreaco, Alix, Baig, Natasha, Burke, Ellen, Carpenter, Todd, Dailey, Lanae, Elozory, Allie, Enabulele, Obehi, Furleng, Christiane, Gonzales, Kristen, Gordon, Katie, Gordon, Sharon, Greer, Rachel, Grimsley, Allison, Jones, Rachel, Landis, Michelle, Laurin, Jaime, Lipani, Emily, Maddux, Aline, Mansour, Rachel, Merrow, Mya, Patruccelli, Lexi, Port, Emily, Sauceda, Heidi, Shields, Elizabeth, Sierra, Yamila, Stenson, Erin, Stewart, Christine, Tutman, Jeffrey, Wilson, Patrick, Valenzuela, Ariana, Zorensky, Frances, Glau, Christie L., Arroyo, Teresa, Burnett, Ryan, Bush, Jenny, Dickey, Shawn, Douglas, Rebecca, Edioma, Glory, Famularo, Stephen, Fitzgerald, Julie, Himebauch, Adam, Juste, Nola, Levow, Cindee, McKelvey, Alanah, Sivarupan, Myooran, Slocumb, Taylor, Tizhe, Wandave, Tolkacheva, Katie, Tupil, Krithika, Nguyen, Vu, Scott, Megan, Kolmar, Amanda, Archie-Dilworth, Jessie, Kramer, Michael, Stone, Pamela, Schreiber, Hilary, Privatt, Miranda, Shad, Sadaf, Kong, Michele, Colston, Candice, Kelley, Heather, Murdock, Meghan, Cholette, Jill M., Taillie, Eileen Root, Ramirez, Michelle, Deygoo, Sandra, Groves, Kelley, Hennigan, Claire, McKinstry, Jacklyn, Martinez, Michael, Michos, Rosa, Shah, Ami, Spilios, Maria, Sochet, Anthony A., Babushkin, Tamara, Cree, Hanna, Dallas, Lexie, Nievas, I. Federico F., Teppa, Beatriz, Pinto, Matthew G., Korn, Sarah, Levasseur, Julie, Politano, Serè, Muszynski, Jennifer, Steele, Lisa, Nellis, Marianne E., Chung, Liliko, Cormack, Margaret, Svezhenets, Oleksiy, Muisyo, Teddy M., Allen, Christine, Anderson, Ashley, Huebner, Karl M., Jones, Tracy, Mitchell, Katherine, Taylor, Kaci, Kerris, Elizabeth, Hamilton, Hannah, Spears, Debra, Thomas, Neal, Chegondi, Madhuradhar, Austin, Maureen, Rao, Mahil, Faustino, E. Vincent S., Blalock, Shelby, Ecarma, Michelle, Hayes, Nancy, Kandil, Sarah, Kluko, Matthew, Quinn, Tyler, and Silva, Cicero T.

Published
2024
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7. Spectro-temporal and Type I X-ray burst analysis of GX 3$+$1 using AstroSat observations

Author

Thomas, Neal Titus, Gudennavar, S. B., and Bubbly, S. G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

GX 3$+$1, an atoll type neutron star low-mass X-ray binary, was observed four times by Soft X-ray Telescope and The Large Area X-ray Proportional Counters on-board \textit{AstroSat} between October 5, 2017 and August 9, 2018. The hardness-intensity-diagram of the source showed it to be in the soft spectral state during all the four observations. The spectra of the source could be adequately fit with a model consisting of blackbody ($\mathtt{bbody}$) and power-law ($\mathtt{powerlaw}$) components. This yielded the blackbody radius and mass accretion rate to be $\sim$8 km and $\sim$2 $\times$ $10^{-9}$ M$_{\odot}$ y$^{-1}$, respectively. In one of the observations, a Type I X-ray burst having a rise and e-folding time of 0.6 and 5.6 s, respectively, was detected. Time-resolved spectral analysis of the burst showed that the source underwent a photospheric radius expansion. The radius of the emitting blackbody in GX 3$+$1 and its distance were estimated to be 9.19 $\substack{+0.97\\-0.82}$ km and 10.17 $\substack{+0.07\\-0.18}$ kpc, respectively. Temporal analysis of the burst yielded upper limits of the fractional RMS amplitude of 7$\%$, 5$\%$ and 6$\%$ during burst start, burst maximum and right after the radius expansion phase, respectively.

Published
2023

8. Diagnostic Validation of the Updated Pediatric Sepsis Biomarker Risk II for Acute Kidney Injury Prediction Model in Pediatric Septic Shock*

Author

Stanski, Natalja L., Zhang, Bin, Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Fitzgerald, Julie C., Bigham, Michael T., Jain, Parag N., Schwarz, Adam J., Lutfi, Riad, Allen, Geoffrey L., Thomas, Neal J., Baines, Torrey, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Weiss, Scott L., Atreya, Mihir R., Lautz, Andrew J., Zingarelli, Basilia, Standage, Stephen W., Kaplan, Jennifer, and Goldstein, Stuart L.

Published
2024
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9. Executive Summary of the Second International Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (PALICC-2).

Author

Emeriaud, Guillaume, López-Fernández, Yolanda, Iyer, Narayan, Bembea, Melania, Agulnik, Asya, Barbaro, Ryan, Baudin, Florent, Bhalla, Anoopindar, Brunow de Carvalho, Werther, Carroll, Christopher, Cheifetz, Ira, Chisti, Mohammod, Cruces, Pablo, Curley, Martha, Dahmer, Mary, Dalton, Heidi, Erickson, Simon, Essouri, Sandrine, Fernández, Analía, Flori, Heidi, Grunwell, Jocelyn, Jouvet, Philippe, Killien, Elizabeth, Kneyber, Martin, Kudchadkar, Sapna, Korang, Steven, Lee, Jan, Macrae, Duncan, Maddux, Aline, Modesto I Alapont, Vicent, Morrow, Brenda, Nadkarni, Vinay, Napolitano, Natalie, Newth, Christopher, Pons-Odena, Martí, Quasney, Michael, Rajapreyar, Prakadeshwari, Rambaud, Jerome, Randolph, Adrienne, Rimensberger, Peter, Rowan, Courtney, Sanchez-Pinto, L, Sapru, Anil, Sauthier, Michael, Shein, Steve, Smith, Lincoln, Steffen, Katerine, Takeuchi, Muneyuki, Thomas, Neal, Tse, Sze, Valentine, Stacey, Ward, Shan, Watson, R, Yehya, Nadir, Zimmerman, Jerry, and Khemani, Robinder

Subjects
Child, Humans, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Respiration, Artificial, Acute Lung Injury, Consensus
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: We sought to update our 2015 work in the Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC-2) guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS), considering new evidence and topic areas that were not previously addressed. DESIGN: International consensus conference series involving 52 multidisciplinary international content experts in PARDS and four methodology experts from 15 countries, using consensus conference methodology, and implementation science. SETTING: Not applicable. PATIENTS: Patients with or at risk for PARDS. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Eleven subgroups conducted systematic or scoping reviews addressing 11 topic areas: 1) definition, incidence, and epidemiology; 2) pathobiology, severity, and risk stratification; 3) ventilatory support; 4) pulmonary-specific ancillary treatment; 5) nonpulmonary treatment; 6) monitoring; 7) noninvasive respiratory support; 8) extracorporeal support; 9) morbidity and long-term outcomes; 10) clinical informatics and data science; and 11) resource-limited settings. The search included MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost) and was updated in March 2022. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology was used to summarize evidence and develop the recommendations, which were discussed and voted on by all PALICC-2 experts. There were 146 recommendations and statements, including: 34 recommendations for clinical practice; 112 consensus-based statements with 18 on PARDS definition, 55 on good practice, seven on policy, and 32 on research. All recommendations and statements had agreement greater than 80%. CONCLUSIONS: PALICC-2 recommendations and consensus-based statements should facilitate the implementation and adherence to the best clinical practice in patients with PARDS. These results will also inform the development of future programs of research that are crucially needed to provide stronger evidence to guide the pediatric critical care teams managing these patients.

Published
2023

10. Transcriptomic profiles of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome phenotypes in pediatric critical influenza.

Author

Novak, Tanya, Crawford, Jeremy, Hahn, Georg, Hall, Mark, Thair, Simone, Newhams, Margaret, Chou, Janet, Mourani, Peter, Tarquinio, Keiko, Markovitz, Barry, Loftis, Laura, Weiss, Scott, Higgerson, Renee, Schwarz, Adam, Pinto, Neethi, Thomas, Neal, Gedeit, Rainer, Sanders, Ronald, Mahapatra, Sidharth, Coates, Bria, Kurachek, Stephen, Shein, Steven, Lange, Christoph, Thomas, Paul, Randolph, Adrienne, Ackerman, Kate, Tellez, David, Mcquillen, Patrick, and Cvijanovich, Natalie

Subjects
MODS, critical care, influenza, neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil transcripts, organ failure, pediatric intensive care, sepsis, Humans, Multiple Organ Failure, Influenza, Human, Transcriptome, Phenotype, Hospitalization, Bacterial Infections
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Influenza virus is responsible for a large global burden of disease, especially in children. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is a life-threatening and fatal complication of severe influenza infection. METHODS: We measured RNA expression of 469 biologically plausible candidate genes in children admitted to North American pediatric intensive care units with severe influenza virus infection with and without MODS. Whole blood samples from 191 influenza-infected children (median age 6.4 years, IQR: 2.2, 11) were collected a median of 27 hours following admission; for 45 children a second blood sample was collected approximately seven days later. Extracted RNA was hybridized to NanoString mRNA probes, counts normalized, and analyzed using linear models controlling for age and bacterial co-infections (FDR q

Published
2023

11. Spectral properties of soft X-ray transient MAXI J0637$-$430 using AstroSat

Author

Thomas, Neal Titus, Gudennavar, Shivappa B., Misra, Ranjeev, and G, Bubbly S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Soft X-ray transients are systems that are detected when they go into an outburst, wherein their X-ray luminosity increases several orders of magnitude. These outbursts are markers of the poorly understood change in the spectral state of these systems from low/hard state to high/soft state. We report the spectral properties of one such soft X-ray transient: MAXI J0637$-$430, with data from the \textit{SXT} and \textit{LAXPC} instruments on-board \textit{AstroSat} mission. The source was observed for a total of $\sim$ 60 ks over two observations on 8$^{th}$ and 21$^{st}$ November, 2019 soon after its discovery. Flux resolved spectral analysis of the source indicates the presence of a multi-colour blackbody component arising from the accretion disk and a thermal Comptonization component. The stable low temperature ($\sim$ 0.55 $keV$) of the blackbody component, points to a cool accretion disk with an inner disk radius of the order of a few hundred $km$. In addition, we report the presence of a relativistically broadened Gaussian line at 6.4 $keV$. The disk dominated flux and photon power law index of $\gtrapprox 2$ and a constant inner disk radius indicate the source to be in the soft state. From the study we conclude that MAXI J0637$-$430 is a strong black hole X-ray binary candidate.

Published
2022
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12. Immunocompromised-Associated Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Experience From the 2016/2017 Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Prospective Cohort Study*

Author

Gertz, Shira J., Bhalla, Anoopindar, Chima, Ranjit S., Emeriaud, Guillaume, Fitzgerald, Julie C., Hsing, Deyin D., Jeyapalan, Asumthia S., Pike, Francis, Sallee, Colin J., Thomas, Neal J., Yehya, Nadir, Rowan, Courtney M., Sforza, Jesica, Poterala, Rossana, Fernandez, Analia, Avila Vera, Antonio, Orqueda, Daniel, Agueda Vidal, Nilda, Rosemary, Deheza, Turon, Gonzalo, Monjes, Cecilia, Fernando Espanol, Segundo, Siaba Serrate, Alejandro, Iolster, Thomas, Torres, Silvio, Cinquegrani, Karina, Jose Montes, Maria, Capocasa, Patricia, Ferreyra, Marcela, Castellani, Pablo, Giampieri, Martin, Pedraza, Claudia, Martin Landry, Luis, Althabe, Maria, Vanesa Fortini, Yanina, Botta, Priscila, Paziencia, Fernando, Erickson, Simon, Barr, Samantha, Shea, Sara, Butt, Warwick, Delzoppo, Carmel, Pintimalla, Alyssa, Martinez Leon, Alejandro Fabio, Guzman Rivera, Gustavo Alfredo, Jouvet, Philippe, Emeriaud, Guillaume, Dumitrascu, Mariana, Ellen French, Mary, Caro, Daniel, Castillo, I, Andres, E., Cruces Romero, Pablo, Medina, Tania, Pavez Madrid, Paula, Cortez, Ambar, Alvear, Jimena, Acuna, Carlos, Diaz, Franco, Jose Nunez, Maria, Wegner Araya, Adriana, Godoy Mundaca, Loreto, Chen, Yang, Perez Lozano, German, Pardo Carrero, Rosalba, Lopez Alarcon, Yurika Paola, Mazzillo Vega, Liliana, Maria Izquierdo, Ledys, Piñeres Olave, Byron Enrique, Zuluaga Orrego, Cesar, Quinonez Lopez, Deyanira, Vasquez Hoyos, Pablo, Vavrina, Martin, Zurek, Jiri, Campos-Miño, Santiago, Yerovi, Rocio, Bridier, Armelle, Payen, Valerie, Milesi, Christophe, Bourgoin, Pierre, Travert, Brendan, Genuini, Mathieu, Starck, Julie, Maria, Matthieu, Guichoux, Julie, Baudin, Florent, Briassoulis, George, Ilia, Stavroula, Di Nardo, Matteo, Camporesi, Anna, Chiusolo, Fabrizio, Shime, Nobuaki, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Kida, Yoshiko, Kyo, Michihito, Tabata, Yuichi, Fong Tang, Swee, Wern Tai, Chian, See Lum, Lucy Chai, Elghuwael, Ismail, Jimenez Rivera, Nestor Javier, Jarillo Quijada, Alberto E, Kneyber, Martin, Dijkstra, Sandra, Beca, John, Sherring, Claire, Miriam, Rea, Vargas G, Sonia I, Vasquez Miranda, Daniel, Ramirez Cortez, Grimaldo, Tantalean, Jose, Pagowska-Klimek, Izabela, Gil Escobar, Carlos, Sousa Moniz, Marta, Camilo, Cristina, Hazwani, Tarek, Aldairi, Nedaa, Al Amoudi, Ahmed, Alahmadti, Ahmad, Taylor, Ryan, Mendizabal, Mikel, Goni Orayen, Concepcion, Lopez Fernandez, Yolanda, Ramon Valle, Juan, Martinez, Lidia, Pilar Orive, Javier, Brezmes, Marta, Lopez-Herce, Jesus, Parrilla, Julio, Gaboli, Mirella, Gonzalez Gomez, Jose Manuel, Morales Martinez, Antonio, Alapont, Vicent Modesto I, Sanchez Diaz, Juan Ignacio, Llorente de la Fuente, Ana M., Palanca Arias, Daniel, Madurga Revilla, Paula, Martinez de Azagra, Amelia, Garcia Gonzalez, Maria, Arjona Villanueva, David, Garcia Casas, Paula, Brio Sanagustin, Sonia, Pons Odena, Marti, Medina, Alberto, Onate Vergara, Eider, Rodriguez Campoy, Patricia, Reyes Dominguez, Susana, Dursun, Oguz, Atike Ongun, Ebru, Kamit Can, Fulya, Berna Anil, Ayse, Baines, Paul, Walsh, Laura, Jones, Dawn, Sadasivam, Kalaimaran, Mildner, Reinout, Plunkett, Adrian, Lillie, Jon, Tibby, Shane, Wellman, Paul, Belfield, Holly, Brierley, Joe, Dominguez, Troy E., Abaleke, Eugenia, Feinstein, Yael, Deep, Akash, Sundararajan, Santosh, Oruganti, Siva, Silvestre, Catarina, Weitz, James, Sheward, Victoria, Macrae, Duncan, Aramburo, Angela, Fortune, Peter-Marc, Subramanian, Gayathri, Jennings, Claire, Dwarakanathan, Buvana, Inwald, David, Feather, Calandra, Agbeko, Rachel, Lawton-Woodhall, Angela, McIntyre, Karen, Sykes, Kim, Pappachan, Jon, Gale, Helen, Mellish, Christie, McCorkell, Jenni, Torero, Luis, Nofziger, Ryan, Latifi, Samir, Anthony, Heather, Sanders, Ron, Hefley, Glenda, Virk, Manpreet, Jaimon, Nancy, Maddux, Aline B., Mourani, Peter M., Ralston, Kimberly, Sierra, Yamila, Khemani, Robinder, Newth, Christopher, Bhalla, Anoopindar, Kwok, Jeni, Morzov, Rica, Mahapatra, Sidharth, Truemper, Edward, Kustka, Lucinda, Nett, Sholeen T., Singleton, Marcy, Dean Jarvis, J., Yehya, Nadir, Napolitano, Natalie, Murphy, Marie, Ronan, Laurie, Morgan, Ryan, Kubis, Sherri, Broden, Elizabeth, Willson, Douglas, Henderson, Grace, Gedeit, Rainer, Murkowski, Kathy, Woods, Katherine, Kasch, Mary, Han, Yong Y, Affolter, Jeremy T, Tieves, Kelly S, Hughes-Schalk, Amber, Chima, Ranjit S., Krallman, Kelli, Stoneman, Erin, Benken, Laura, Yunger, Toni, Schneider, James, Sweberg, Todd, Kessel, Aaron, Carroll, Christopher L., Santanelli, James, Ackerman, Kate G, Cullimore, Melissa, Rowan, Courtney, Bales, Melissa, Keith Dockery, W., Jafari-Namin, Shirin, Barry, Dana, Jane’t, Keary, Alibrahim, Omar, Patankar, Nikhil, Qiao, Haiping, Gertz, Shira, Su, Felice, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Song, Hanqiu, Bysani, Kris, Monjure, Tracey, Beltramo, Fernando, Totapally, Balagangadhar, Govantes, Beatriz, Coates, Bria, Wellisch, Lawren, Allen, Kiona, Shukla, Avani, Thomas, Neal J., Spear, Debbie, Shein, Steven L., Gertz, Shira, Parker, Margaret M., Sloniewsky, Daniel, Allen, Christine, Harrell, Amy, Pinto, Neethi, Kniola, Allison, Rodgers, Chiara, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Typpo, Katri, Kelley, Connor, King, Caroline, Sapru, Anil, Ratiu, Anna, Ashtari, Neda, Sikora, Lindsay, Jeyapalan, Asumthia S., Coronado-Munoz, Alvaro, Flori, Heidi, Dahmer, Mary K., Jayachandran, Chaandini, Hume, Janet, Nerheim, Dan, Smith, Rebecca, Spaeder, Michael, Adu-Darko, Michelle, Smith, Lincoln, Hartmann, Silvia, Sullivan, Erin, Merritt, Courtney, Al-Subu, Awni, Blom, Andrea, Lin, John C., Spinella, Philip, Hsing, Deyin D., Pon, Steve, Brian Estil, Jim, Gautam, Richa, Giuliano, John S., Jr, and Tala, Joana

Published
2024
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15. Pediatric Organ Dysfunction Information Update Mandate (PODIUM) Contemporary Organ Dysfunction Criteria: Executive Summary.

Author

Bembea, Melania, Agus, Michael, Akcan-Arikan, Ayse, Alexander, Peta, Basu, Rajit, Bennett, Tellen, Bohn, Desmond, Brandão, Leonardo, Brown, Ann-Marie, Carcillo, Joseph, Checchia, Paul, Cholette, Jill, Cheifetz, Ira, Cornell, Timothy, Doctor, Allan, Eckerle, Michelle, Erickson, Simon, Farris, Reid, Faustino, E, Fitzgerald, Julie, Fuhrman, Dana, Giuliano, John, Guilliams, Kristin, Gaies, Michael, Gorga, Stephen, Hall, Mark, Hanson, Sheila, Hartman, Mary, Hassinger, Amanda, Irving, Sharon, Jeffries, Howard, Jouvet, Philippe, Kannan, Sujatha, Karam, Oliver, Khemani, Robinder, Kissoon, Niranjan, Lacroix, Jacques, Laussen, Peter, Leclerc, Francis, Lee, Jan, Leteurtre, Stephane, Lobner, Katie, McKiernan, Patrick, Menon, Kusum, Monagle, Paul, Muszynski, Jennifer, Odetola, Folafoluwa, Parker, Robert, Pathan, Nazima, Pierce, Richard, Pineda, Jose, Prince, Jose, Robinson, Karen, Rowan, Courtney, Ryerson, Lindsay, Sanchez-Pinto, L, Schlapbach, Luregn, Selewski, David, Shekerdemian, Lara, Simon, Dennis, Smith, Lincoln, Squires, James, Squires, Robert, Sutherland, Scott, Ouellette, Yves, Spaeder, Michael, Srinivasan, Vijay, Steiner, Marie, Tasker, Robert, Thiagarajan, Ravi, Thomas, Neal, Tissieres, Pierre, Traube, Chani, Tucci, Marisa, Typpo, Katri, Wainwright, Mark, Ward, Shan, Watson, R, Weiss, Scott, Whitney, Jane, Willson, Doug, Wynn, James, Yehya, Nadir, and Zimmerman, Jerry

Subjects
Child, Critical Care, Critical Illness, Evidence-Based Medicine, Humans, Multiple Organ Failure, Organ Dysfunction Scores
Abstract

Prior criteria for organ dysfunction in critically ill children were based mainly on expert opinion. We convened the Pediatric Organ Dysfunction Information Update Mandate (PODIUM) expert panel to summarize data characterizing single and multiple organ dysfunction and to derive contemporary criteria for pediatric organ dysfunction. The panel was composed of 88 members representing 47 institutions and 7 countries. We conducted systematic reviews of the literature to derive evidence-based criteria for single organ dysfunction for neurologic, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, acute liver, renal, hematologic, coagulation, endocrine, endothelial, and immune system dysfunction. We searched PubMed and Embase from January 1992 to January 2020. Study identification was accomplished using a combination of medical subject headings terms and keywords related to concepts of pediatric organ dysfunction. Electronic searches were performed by medical librarians. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the authors reported original data collected in critically ill children; evaluated performance characteristics of scoring tools or clinical assessments for organ dysfunction; and assessed a patient-centered, clinically meaningful outcome. Data were abstracted from each included study into an electronic data extraction form. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Consensus was achieved for a final set of 43 criteria for pediatric organ dysfunction through iterative voting and discussion. Although the PODIUM criteria for organ dysfunction were limited by available evidence and will require validation, they provide a contemporary foundation for researchers to identify and study single and multiple organ dysfunction in critically ill children.

Published
2022

18. Machine learning-driven identification of the gene-expression signature associated with a persistent multiple organ dysfunction trajectory in critical illness

Author

Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Fitzgerald, Julie C., Weiss, Scott L., Bigham, Michael T., Jain, Parag N., Schwarz, Adam J., Lutfi, Riad, Nowak, Jeffrey, Allen, Geoffrey L., Thomas, Neal J., Grunwell, Jocelyn R., Baines, Torrey, Quasney, Michael, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Lindsell, Chris J., Atreya, Mihir R., Banerjee, Shayantan, Lautz, Andrew J., Alder, Matthew N., Varisco, Brian M., Wong, Hector R., Muszynski, Jennifer A., Hall, Mark W., Sanchez-Pinto, L. Nelson, and Kamaleswaran, Rishikesan

Published
2024
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19. External validation of the modified sepsis renal angina index for prediction of severe acute kidney injury in children with septic shock

Author

Stanski, Natalja L., Basu, Rajit K., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Fitzgerald, Julie C., Bigham, Michael T., Jain, Parag N., Schwarz, Adam J., Lutfi, Riad, Thomas, Neal J., Baines, Torrey, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Weiss, Scott L., Atreya, Mihir R., Lautz, Andrew J., Zingarelli, Basilia, Standage, Stephen W., Kaplan, Jennifer, Chawla, Lakhmir S., and Goldstein, Stuart L.

Published
2023
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20. Prognostic and predictive value of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: risk-stratified analysis from a prospective observational cohort of pediatric septic shock

Author

Atreya, Mihir R., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Fitzgerald, Julie C., Weiss, Scott L., Bigham, Michael T., Jain, Parag N., Schwarz, Adam J., Lutfi, Riad, Nowak, Jeffrey, Allen, Geoffrey L., Thomas, Neal J., Grunwell, Jocelyn R., Baines, Torrey, Quasney, Michael, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Alder, Matthew N., Goldstein, Stuart L., and Stanski, Natalja L.

Published
2023
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21. Detrimental effects of PCSK9 loss-of-function in the pediatric host response to sepsis are mediated through independent influence on Angiopoietin-1

Author

Atreya, Mihir R., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Fitzgerald, Julie C., Weiss, Scott L., Bigham, Michael T., Jain, Parag N., Schwarz, Adam J., Lutfi, Riad, Nowak, Jeffrey, Allen, Geoffrey L., Thomas, Neal J., Grunwell, Jocelyn R., Baines, Torrey, Quasney, Michael, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Alder, Matthew N., Lahni, Patrick, Ripberger, Scarlett, Ekunwe, Adesuwa, Campbell, Kyle R., Walley, Keith R., and Standage, Stephen W.

Published
2023
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23. Revisiting Post-ICU Admission Fluid Balance Across Pediatric Sepsis Mortality Risk Strata: A Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Observational Cohort Study

Author

Atreya, Mihir R., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Fitzgerald, Julie C., Weiss, Scott L., Bigham, Michael T., Jain, Parag N., Abulebda, Kamal, Lutfi, Riad, Nowak, Jeffrey, Thomas, Neal J., Baines, Torrey, Quasney, Michael, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Sahay, Rashmi, Zhang, Bin, Alder, Matthew N., Stanski, Natalja L., and Goldstein, Stuart L.

Published
2024
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24. The authors reply

Author

Ündar, Akif, Kunselman, Allen R., Barbaro, Ryan P., Alexander, Peta, Patel, Krishna, and Thomas, Neal J.

Published
2024
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30. Adverse Tracheal Intubation Events in Critically Ill Underweight and Obese Children: Retrospective Study of the National Emergency Airway for Children Registry (2013–2020)

Author

Gladen, Kelsey M., Tellez, David, Napolitano, Natalie, Edwards, Lauren R., Sanders, Ronald C., Jr, Kojima, Taiki, Malone, Matthew P., Shults, Justine, Krawiec, Conrad, Ambati, Shashikanth, McCarthy, Riley, Branca, Aline, Polikoff, Lee A., Jung, Philipp, Parsons, Simon J., Mallory, Palen, Komeswaran, Kavipriya, Page-Goertz, Christopher, Toal, Megan C., Bysani, G. Kris, Meyer, Keith, Chiusolo, Fabrizio, Glater-Welt, Lily B., Al-Subu, Awni, Biagas, Katherine, Hau Lee, Jan, Miksa, Michael, Giuliano, John S., Jr, Kierys, Krista L., Talukdar, Andrea M., DeRusso, Michelle, Cucharme-Crevier, Laurence, Adu-Arko, Michelle, Shenoi, Asha, Kimura, Dai, Flottman, Molly, Gangu, Shantaveer, Freeman, Ashley D., Piehl, Mark D., Nuthall, G. A., Tarquinio, Keiko M., Harwayne-Gidansky, Ilana, Hasegawa, Tatsuya, Rescoe, Erin S., Breuer, Ryan K., Kasagi, Mioko, Nadkarni, Vinay M., Nishisaki, Akira, Flori, Heidi, Thomas, Neal, Agus, Michael, Dahmer, Mary, Goertzen, Lexie, Khemani, Robinder, Pinto, Neethi, Faustino, Vincent, Brown, Ann-Marie, Prieto, Monica, Wing, Robyn, and Buffman, Hayley

Published
2023
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32. Design and Rationale for Common Data Elements for Clinical Research in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine.

Author

Ward, Shan, Flori, Heidi, Bennett, Tellen, Sapru, Anil, Mourani, Peter, Thomas, Neal, and Khemani, Robinder

Subjects
Child, Common Data Elements, Consensus, Critical Care, Data Collection, Delphi Technique, Humans, Medicine
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Common data elements are a combination of a precisely defined question paired with a specified set of responses. Common data elements contribute to the National Institutes of Health-supported principle of Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusableness of research data. Routine use of Common data elements and standardized definitions within pediatric critical care research are likely to promote collaboration, improve quality, and consistency of data collection, improve overall efficiency of study or trial setup, and facilitate cross-study comparisons, meta-analysis, and merging of study cohorts. The purpose of this Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Perspective is to establish a road map for the development of multinational, multidisciplinary consensus-based common data elements that could be adapted for use within any pediatric critical care subject area. METHODS: We describe a multistep process for the creation of core domains of research (e.g. patient outcomes, health-related conditions, or aspects of health) and the development of common data elements within each core domain. We define a tiered approach to data collection based on relevance of each common data element to future studies and clinical practice within the field of interest. Additionally, we describe the use of the Delphi methods to achieve consensus of these common data element documents using an international, multidisciplinary panel of experts.

Published
2020

33. The Modified Clinical Progression Scale for Pediatric Patients: Evaluation as a Severity Metric and Outcome Measure in Severe Acute Viral Respiratory Illness

Author

Leland, Shannon B., Staffa, Steven J., Newhams, Margaret M., Khemani, Robinder G., Marshall, John C., Young, Cameron C., Maddux, Aline B., Hall, Mark W., Weiss, Scott L., Schwarz, Adam J., Coates, Bria M., Sanders, Ronald C., Jr, Kong, Michele, Thomas, Neal J., Nofziger, Ryan A., Cullimore, Melissa L., Halasa, Natasha B., Loftis, Laura L., Cvijanovich, Natalie Z., Schuster, Jennifer E., Flori, Heidi, Gertz, Shira J., Hume, Janet R., Olson, Samantha M., Patel, Manish M., Zurakowski, David, and Randolph, Adrienne G.

Published
2023
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34. Association of Asthma With Treatments and Outcomes in Children With Critical Influenza

Author

Kong, Michele, Murdock, Meghan, Sanders, Ronald C., Jr., Irby, Katherine, Hefley, Glenda, Maddux, Aline B., Mourani, Peter M., Van, Kevin A., Mansour, Rachel, Miller, Kristen R., Grunwell, Jocelyn R., Coates, Bria M., Shukla, Avani, Chavez, Jairo, Randolph, Adrienne G., Newhams, Margaret M., Chen, Sabrina R., Jung, Emily, Flori, Heidi R., Dahmer, Mary K., Jayachandran, Chaandini, Hume, Janet R., Goertzen, Lexie, Faanes, Brittany, Schuster, Jennifer E., Bledsoe, Megan C., Clark, Shannon E., Cullimore, Melissa L., Wellman, Rachel L., Gertz, Shira J., Nofziger, Ryan A., Twinem, Nicole, Shein, Steven L., Rasal, Rajashri, Hall, Mark W., Flowers, Maggie, Steele, Lisa, Weiss, Scott L., Bush, Jenny L., Burnett, Ryan H., Thomas, Neal J., Spear, Debra, Halasa, Natasha B., Stewart, Laura S., Lynch, Tricia L., Olson, Samantha M., Patel, Manish M., Miller, Kristen, Patel, Manish, Fitzpatrick, Anne M., and Phipatanakul, Wanda

Published
2023
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35. The association of early post-resuscitation hypotension with discharge survival following targeted temperature management for pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest

Author

Topjian, Alexis A, Telford, Russell, Holubkov, Richard, Nadkarni, Vinay M, Berg, Robert A, Dean, J Michael, Moler, Frank W, Investigators, for the Therapeutic Hypothermia after Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Trial, Meert, Kathleen L, Hutchinson, Jamie S, Newth, Christopher JL, Bennett, Kimberly S, Berger, John T, Pineda, Jose A, Koch, Joshua D, Schleien, Charles L, Dalton, Heidi J, Ofori-Amanfo, George, Goodman, Denise M, Fink, Ericka L, McQuillen, Patrick, Zimmerman, Jerry J, Thomas, Neal J, van der Jagt, Elise W, Porter, Melissa B, Meyer, Michael T, Harrison, Rick, Pham, Nga, Schwarz, Adam J, Nowak, Jeffrey E, Alten, Jeffrey, Wheeler, Derek S, Bhalala, Utpal S, Lidsky, Karen, Lloyd, Eric, Mathur, Mudit, Shah, Samir, Theodore, Wu, Theodorou, Andreas A, Sanders, Ronald C, Silverstein, Faye S, Christensen, James R, Slomine, Beth S, Pemberton, Victoria L, and Browning, Brittan

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Physical Injury - Accidents and Adverse Effects, Clinical Research, Pediatric, Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Child, Preschool, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Female, Heart Arrest, Hospitalization, Humans, Hypotension, Hypothermia, Induced, Infant, Male, Patient Discharge, Survival Rate, Time Factors, Targeted temperature management, Cardiac arrest, Child, Therapeutic Hypothermia after Pediatric Cardiac Arrest (THAPCA) Trial Investigators, Nursing, Public Health and Health Services, Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Clinical sciences, Public health
Abstract

AimApproximately 40% of children who have an in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) in the US survive to discharge. We aimed to evaluate the impact of post-cardiac arrest hypotension during targeted temperature management following IHCA on survival to discharge.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of the therapeutic hypothermia after pediatric cardiac arrest in-hospital (THAPCA-IH) trial. "Early hypotension" was defined as a systolic blood pressure less than the fifth percentile for age and sex for patients not treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or a mean arterial pressure less than fifth percentile for age and sex for patients treated with ECMO during the first 6 h of temperature intervention. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge.ResultsOf 299 children, 142 (47%) patients did not receive ECMO and 157 (53%) received ECMO. Forty-two of 142 (29.6%) non-ECMO patients had systolic hypotension. Twenty-three of 157 (14.7%) ECMO patients had mean arterial hypotension. After controlling for confounders of interest, non-ECMO patients who had early systolic hypotension were less likely to survive to hospital discharge (40.5% vs. 72%; adjusted OR [aOR] 0.34; 95%CI, 0.12-0.93). There was no difference in survival to discharge by blood pressure groups for children treated with ECMO (30.4% vs. 49.3%; aOR = 0.60; 95%CI, 0.22-1.63).ConclusionsIn this secondary analysis of the THAPCA-IH trial, in patients not treated with ECMO, systolic hypotension within 6 h of temperature intervention was associated with lower odds of discharge survival. Blood pressure groups in patients treated with ECMO were not associated with survival to discharge.

Published
2019

36. Paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome incidence and epidemiology (PARDIE): an international, observational study

Author

Khemani, Robinder G, Smith, Lincoln, Lopez-Fernandez, Yolanda M, Kwok, Jeni, Morzov, Rica, Klein, Margaret J, Yehya, Nadir, Willson, Douglas, Kneyber, Martin CJ, Lillie, Jon, Fernandez, Analia, Newth, Christopher JL, Jouvet, Philippe, Thomas, Neal J, Investigators, Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology, Abaleke, Eugenia, Ackerman, Kate G, Acuña, Carlos, Adu-Darko, Michelle, Affolter, Jeremy T, Agbeko, Rachel, Amoudi, Ahmed Al, Alahmadti, Ahmad, Aldairi, Nedaa, Alibrahim, Omar, Allen, Kiona, Allen, Christine, Al-Subu, Awni, Althabe, María, Alvear, Jimena, Anil, Ayse Berna, Anthony, Heather, Aramburo, Angela, Villanueva, David Arjona, Ashtari, Neda, Vera, Antonio Ávila, Baines, Paul, Bales, Melissa, Barr, Samantha, Barry, Dana, Baudin, Florent, Beca, John, Belfield, Holly, Beltramo, Fernando, Benken, Laura, Bhalla, Anoopindar, Blom, Andrea, Botta, Priscila, Bourgoin, Pierre, Brezmes, Marta, Briassoulis, George, Bridier, Armelle, Brierley, Joe, Sanagustin, Sonia Brio, Broden, Elizabeth, Butt, Warwick, Bysani, Kris, Camilo, Cristina, Camporesi, Anna, Campos-Miño, Santiago, Can, Fulya Kamit, Capocasa, Patricia, Caro, Daniel, Carroll, Christopher, Castellani, Pablo, Castillo, Andres E, Chen, Yang, Chima, Ranjit S, Chiusolo, Fabrizio, Cinquegrani, Karina, Coates, Bria, Coronado-Munoz, Alvaro, Cortéz, Ambar, Romero, Pablo Cruces, Cullimore, Melissa, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Dahmer, Mary K, Deep, Akash, Delzoppo, Carmel, Di Nardo, Matteo, Díaz, Franco, Dijkstra, Sandra, Dockery, W Keith, Dominguez, Troy E, Dumitrascu, Mariana, Dursun, Oguz, Dwarakanathan, Buvana, Elghuwael, Ismail, Emeriaud, Guillaume, Erickson, Simon, Español, Segundo Fernando, Estil, Jim Brian, Feather, Calandra, Feinstein, Yael, Fernández, Analía, Ferreyra, Marcela, Flori, Heidi, Fortini, Yanina Vanesa, Fortune, Peter-Marc, and French, Mary Ellen

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Pediatric, Lung, Clinical Research, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Detection, screening and diagnosis, Respiratory, Good Health and Well Being, Acute Lung Injury, Age Factors, Area Under Curve, Cause of Death, Child, Child, Preschool, Combined Modality Therapy, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Internationality, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Severity of Illness Index, Sex Factors, Survival Analysis, United States, Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology (PARDIE) Investigators, Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network, Public Health and Health Services, Other Medical and Health Sciences, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundPaediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is associated with high mortality in children, but until recently no paediatric-specific diagnostic criteria existed. The Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference (PALICC) definition was developed to overcome limitations of the Berlin definition, which was designed and validated for adults. We aimed to determine the incidence and outcomes of children who meet the PALICC definition of PARDS.MethodsIn this international, prospective, cross-sectional, observational study, 145 paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) from 27 countries were recruited, and over a continuous 5 day period across 10 weeks all patients were screened for enrolment. Patients were included if they had a new diagnosis of PARDS that met PALICC criteria during the study week. Exclusion criteria included meeting PARDS criteria more than 24 h before screening, cyanotic heart disease, active perinatal lung disease, and preparation or recovery from a cardiac intervention. Data were collected on the PICU characteristics, patient demographics, and elements of PARDS (ie, PARDS risk factors, hypoxaemia severity metrics, type of ventilation), comorbidities, chest imaging, arterial blood gas measurements, and pulse oximetry. The primary outcome was PICU mortality. Secondary outcomes included 90 day mortality, duration of invasive mechanical and non-invasive ventilation, and cause of death.FindingsBetween May 9, 2016, and June 16, 2017, during the 10 study weeks, 23 280 patients were admitted to participating PICUs, of whom 744 (3·2%) were identified as having PARDS. 95% (708 of 744) of patients had complete data for analysis, with 17% (121 of 708; 95% CI 14-20) mortality, whereas only 32% (230 of 708) of patients met Berlin criteria with 27% (61 of 230) mortality. Based on hypoxaemia severity at PARDS diagnosis, mortality was similar among those who were non-invasively ventilated and with mild or moderate PARDS (10-15%), but higher for those with severe PARDS (33% [54 of 165; 95% CI 26-41]). 50% (80 of 160) of non-invasively ventilated patients with PARDS were subsequently intubated, with 25% (20 of 80; 95% CI 16-36) mortality. By use of PALICC PARDS definition, severity of PARDS at 6 h after initial diagnosis (area under the curve [AUC] 0·69, 95% CI 0·62-0·76) discriminates PICU mortality better than severity at PARDS diagnosis (AUC 0·64, 0·58-0·71), and outperforms Berlin severity groups at 6 h (0·64, 0·58-0·70; p=0·01).InterpretationThe PALICC definition identified more children as having PARDS than the Berlin definition, and PALICC PARDS severity groupings improved the stratification of mortality risk, particularly when applied 6 h after PARDS diagnosis. The PALICC PARDS framework should be considered for use in future epidemiological and therapeutic research among children with PARDS.FundingUniversity of Southern California Clinical Translational Science Institute, Sainte Justine Children's Hospital, University of Montreal, Canada, Réseau en Santé Respiratoire du Fonds de Recherche Quebec-Santé, and Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine.

Published
2019

39. Noninvasive Ventilation for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Experience From the 2016/2017 Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Prospective Cohort Study*

Author

Emeriaud, Guillaume, Pons-Òdena, Marti, Bhalla, Anoopindar K., Shein, Steven L., Killien, Elizabeth Y., Modesto i Alapont, Vicent, Rowan, Courtney, Baudin, Florent, Lin, John C., Grégoire, Gabrielle, Napolitano, Natalie, Mayordomo-Colunga, Juan, Diaz, Franco, Cruces, Pablo, Medina, Alberto, Smith, Lincoln, Khemani, Robinder G., Sforza, Jesica, Poterala, Rossana, Fernandez, Analia, Avila Vera, Antonio, Orqueda, Daniel, Agueda Vidal, Nilda, Rosemary, Deheza, Turon, Gonzalo, Monjes, Cecilia, Espanol, Segundo Fernando, Serrate, Alejandro Siaba, Iolster, Thomas, Torres, Silvio, Cinquegrani, Karina, Jose Montes, Maria, Capocasa, Patricia, Ferreyra, Marcela, Castellani, Pablo, Giampieri, Martin, Pedraza, Claudia, Landry, Luis Martin, Althabe, Maria, Fortini, Yanina Vanesa, Botta, Priscila, Paziencia, Fernando, Erickson, Simon, Barr, Samantha, Shea, Sara, Butt, Warwick, Delzoppo, Carmel, Pintimalla, Alyssa, Leon, Alejandro Fabio Martinez, Rivera, Gustavo Alfredo Guzman, Jouvet, Philippe, Emeriaud, Guillaume, Dumitrascu, Mariana, Ellen French, Mary, Caro I, Daniel, Castillo, Andres E., Romero, Pablo Cruces, Medina, Tania, Madrid, Paula Pavez, Cortez, Ambar, Alvear, Jimena, Acuna, Carlos, Diaz, Franco, Nunez, Maria Jose, Araya, Adriana Wegner, Mundaca, Loreto Godoy, Chen, Yang, Lozano, German Perez, Carrero, Rosalba Pardo, Alarcon, Yurika Paola Lopez, Vega, Liliana Mazzillo, Izquierdo, Ledys Maria, Olave, Byron Enrique Piñeres, Orrego, Cesar Zuluaga, Lopez, Deyanira Quinonez, Hoyos, Pablo Vasquez, Vavrina, Martin, Zurek, Jiri, Campos-Miño, Santiago, Yerovi, Rocio, Bridier, Armelle, Payen, Valerie, Milesi, Christophe, Bourgoin, Pierre, Travert, Brendan, Genuini, Mathieu, Starck, Julie, Maria, Matthieu, Guichoux, Julie, Baudin, Florent, Briassoulis, George, Ilia, Stavroula, Di Nardo, Matteo, Camporesi, Anna, Chiusolo, Fabrizio, Shime, Nobuaki, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Kida, Yoshiko, Kyo, Michihito, Tabata, Yuichi, Tang, Swee Fong, Tai, Chian Wern, Lum, Lucy Chai See, Elghuwael, Ismail, Rivera, Nestor Javier Jimenez, Jarillo Quijada, Alberto E, Kneyber, Martin, Dijkstra, Sandra, Beca, John, Sherring, Claire, Rea, Miriam, Vargas G, Sonia I, Miranda, Daniel Vasquez, Cortez, Grimaldo Ramirez, Tantalean, Jose, Pagowska-Klimek, Izabela, Escobar, Carlos Gil, Moniz, Marta Sousa, Camilo, Cristina, Hazwani, Tarek, Aldairi, Nedaa, Al Amoudi, Ahmed, Alahmadti, Ahmad, Taylor, Ryan, Mendizabal, Mikel, Orayen, Concepcion Goni, Fernandez, Yolanda Lopez, Valle, Juan Ramon, Martinez, Lidia, Orive, Javier Pilar, Brezmes, Marta, Lopez-Herce, Jesus, Parrilla, Julio, Gaboli, Mirella, Gomez, Jose Manuel Gonzalez, Morales Martinez, Antonio, Alapont, Vicent Modesto I, Diaz, Juan Ignacio Sanchez, Llorente de la Fuente, Ana M., Palanca Arias, Daniel, Madurga Revilla, Paula, Martinez de Azagra, Amelia, Garcia Gonzalez, Maria, Arjona Villanueva, David, Garcia Casas, Paula, Brio Sanagustin, Sonia, Pons Odena, Marti, Medina, Alberto, Onate Vergara, Eider, Rodriguez Campoy, Patricia, Reyes Dominguez, Susana, Dursun, Oguz, Atike Ongun, Ebru, Kamit Can, Fulya, Berna Anil, Ayse, Baines, Paul, Walsh, Laura, Jones, Dawn, Sadasivam, Kalaimaran, Mildner, Reinout, Plunkett, Adrian, Lillie, Jon, Tibby, Shane, Wellman, Paul, Belfield, Holly, Brierley, Joe, Dominguez, Troy E., Abaleke, Eugenia, Feinstein, Yael, Deep, Akash, Sundararajan, Santosh, Oruganti, Siva, Silvestre, Catarina, Weitz, James, Sheward, Victoria, Macrae, Duncan, Aramburo, Angela, Fortune, Peter-Marc, Subramanian, Gayathri, Jennings, Claire, Dwarakanathan, Buvana, Inwald, David, Feather, Calandra, Agbeko, Rachel, Lawton-Woodhall, Angela, McIntyre, Karen, Sykes, Kim, Pappachan, Jon, Gale, Helen, Mellish, Christie, McCorkell, Jenni, Torero, Luis, Nofziger, Ryan, Latifi, Samir, Anthony, Heather, Sanders, Ron, Hefley, Glenda, Virk, Manpreet, Jaimon, Nancy, Maddux, Aline B., Mourani, Peter M., Ralston, Kimberly, Sierra, Yamila, Khemani, Robinder, Newth, Christopher, Bhalla, Anoopindar, Kwok, Jeni, Morzov, Rica, Mahapatra, Sidharth, Truemper, Edward, Kustka, Lucinda, Nett, Sholeen T., Singleton, Marcy, Dean Jarvis, J., Yehya, Nadir, Napolitano, Natalie, Murphy, Marie, Ronan, Laurie, Morgan, Ryan, Kubis, Sherri, Broden, Elizabeth, Willson, Douglas, Henderson, Grace, Gedeit, Rainer, Murkowski, Kathy, Woods, Katherine, Kasch, Mary, Han, Yong Y, Affolter, Jeremy T, Tieves, Kelly S, Hughes-Schalk, Amber, Chima, Ranjit S., Krallman, Kelli, Stoneman, Erin, Benken, Laura, Yunger, Toni, Schneider, James, Sweberg, Todd, Kessel, Aaron, Carroll, Christopher L., Santanelli, James, Ackerman, Kate G, Cullimore, Melissa, Rowan, Courtney, Bales, Melissa, Keith Dockery, W., Jafari-Namin, Shirin, Barry, Dana, Jane’t, Keary, Alibrahim, Omar, Patankar, Nikhil, Qiao, Haiping, Gertz, Shira, Su, Felice, Haileselassie, Bereketeab, Song, Hanqiu, Bysani, Kris, Monjure, Tracey, Beltramo, Fernando, Totapally, Balagangadhar, Govantes, Beatriz, Coates, Bria, Wellisch, Lawren, Allen, Kiona, Shukla, Avani, Thomas, Neal J., Spear, Debbie, Shein, Steven L., Gertz, Shira, Parker, Margaret M., Sloniewsky, Daniel, Allen, Christine, Harrell, Amy, Pinto, Neethi, Kniola, Allison, Rodgers, Chiara, Cvijanovich, Natalie, Typpo, Katri, Kelley, Connor, King, Caroline, Sapru, Anil, Ratiu, Anna, Ashtari, Neda, Sikora, Lindsay, Jeyapalan, Asumthia S., Coronado-Munoz, Alvaro, Flori, Heidi, Dahmer, Mary K., Jayachandran, Chaandini, Hume, Janet, Nerheim, Dan, Smith, Rebecca, Spaeder, Michael, Adu-Darko, Michelle, Smith, Lincoln, Hartmann, Silvia, Sullivan, Erin, Merritt, Courtney, Al-Subu, Awni, Blom, Andrea, Lin, John C., Spinella, Philip, Hsing, Deyin D., Pon, Steve, Brian Estil, Jim, Gautam, Richa, Giuliano, John S., Jr, and Tala, Joana

Published
2023
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42. Association of Interventions With Outcomes in Children At-Risk for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Study*

Author

Hamill, Grant S., Remy, Kenneth E., Slain, Katherine N., Sallee, Colin J., Khemani, Robinder, Smith, Lincoln, Shein, Steven L., Agueda Vidal, Nilda, Rosemary, Deheza, Turon, Gonzalo, Monjes, Cecilia, Jose Montes, Maria, Capocasa, Patricia, Ferreyra, Marcela, Paziencia, Fernando, Erickson, Simon, Barr, Samantha, Shea, Sara, Chen, Yang, Lopez Alarcon, Yurika Paola, Vasquez Hoyos, Pablo, Campos-Miño, Santiago, Yerovi, Rocio, Bourgoin, Pierre, Briassoulis, George, Ilia, Stavroula, Chiusolo, Fabrizio, Hazwani, Tarek, Aldairi, Nedaa, Al Amoudi, Ahmed, Alahmadti, Ahmad, Lopez Fernandez, Yolanda, Ramon Valle, Juan, Martinez, Lidia, Pilar Orive, Javier, Brezmes, Marta, Lopez-Herce, Jesus, Martinez de Azagra, Amelia, Reyes Dominguez, Susana, Kamit Can, Fulya, Berna Anil, Ayse, Silvestre, Catarina, Khemani, Robinder, Newth, Christopher, Bhalla, Anoopindar, Kwok, Jeni, Morzov, Rica, Mahapatra, Sidharth, Truemper, Edward, Kustka, Lucinda, Yehya, Nadir, Napolitano, Natalie, Murphy, Marie, Ronan, Laurie, Morgan, Ryan, Kubis, Sherri, Broden, Elizabeth, Gedeit, Rainer, Murkowski, Kathy, Woods, Katherine, Kasch, Mary, Han, Yong Y., Affolter, Jeremy T., Tieves, Kelly S., Hughes-Schalk, Amber, Chima, Ranjit S., Krallman, Kelli, Stoneman, Erin, Benken, Laura, Yunger, Toni, Rowan, Courtney, Bales, Melissa, Coates, Bria, Wellisch, Lawren, Allen, Kiona, Shukla, Avani, Thomas, Neal J., Spear, Debbie, Shein, Steven L., Allen, Christine, Harrell, Amy, Sapru, Anil, Ratiu, Anna, Ashtari, Neda, Flori, Heidi, Dahmer, Mary K., Jayachandran, Chaandini, Smith, Lincoln, Hartmann, Silvia, Sullivan, Erin, Merritt, Courtney, Al-Subu, Awni, Blom, Andrea, Hsing, Deyin D., Pon, Steve, Brian Estil, Jim, Gautam, Richa, Giuliano, John S., Jr, and Tala, Joana

Published
2023
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46. Comprehensive investigations on spectral and temporal features of GX 5−1 using AstroSat observations.

Author

Thomas, Neal Titus, Giridharan, L, Gudennavar, S B, and Bubbly, S G

Subjects
*MAGNETIC dipole moments, *X-ray binaries, *NEUTRON stars, *X-ray telescopes, *ACCRETION disks
Abstract

Comprehensive spectrotemporal analyses of the Z-type neutron star low-mass X-ray binary GX 5−1 were performed using 10 broad-band observations from AstroSat /Soft X-ray Telescope and Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) instruments. The LAXPC-20 hardness–intensity diagram showed horizontal and normal branches (HBs and NBs) of the Z track which exhibited secular motion. The time-averaged spectra in the energy range 0.7–25.0 keV could be fitted with the model combination – |$\tt {constant}\, \times \, \tt {tbabs}\, \times \, \tt {edge}\, \times \, \tt {edge}\, \times \, \tt {thcomp}\, \times \, \tt {diskbb}$|⁠. This yielded |$\Gamma \, \sim$| 2, |$kT_{\mathrm{ e}}\, \sim$| 3.3 keV, and |$F_{\mathrm{ disc}}$| / |$F_{\mathrm{ total}}\, \sim$| 0.8 indicating the soft/intermediate spectral state of the source during the observations. Flux-resolved spectral analysis revealed a positive correlation between |$kT_{\mathrm{ in}}$| and |$F_{\mathrm{ bol}}$|⁠. However, a negative correlation was observed between them in one of the NBs. Time-averaged temporal analysis revealed multiple HB oscillations (HBOs) and NB oscillations (NBOs), and peaked noise components in the |$\sim$| 5–50 Hz range. Furthermore, flux-resolved temporal analysis showed that the frequency of the HBOs correlates positively whereas the strength of HBOs correlates negatively with |$F_{\mathrm{ bol}}$|⁠ , indicating their probable origin from the accretion disc. In contrast, the frequency and strength of NBOs remain fairly constant with |$F_{\mathrm{ bol}}$|⁠ , suggesting that they originate from a different region in the system. Using the relativistic precession model along with highest frequency of the HBO, the upper limits of the magnetic dipole moment (⁠|$\mu$|⁠) and field strength (B) at the poles of the neutron star in the system were found to be 25.60 |$\times \, 10^{25}$| G cm3 and 3.64 |$\times \, 10^{8}$| G, respectively, for |$k_{\mathrm{ A}}$| = 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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47. AstroSat's view of 4U 1735−44: spectral, temporal, and type I X-ray burst studies.

Author

Lavanya, S, Thomas, Neal Titus, Gudennavar, S B, and Bubbly, S G

Subjects
*X-ray bursts, *X-ray binaries, *X-ray telescopes, *ACCRETION disks, *NEUTRON stars
Abstract

This study utilizes the simultaneous broad-band observations of 4U 1735−44 from AstroSat , offering enhanced spectral and temporal resolution, to investigate its spectral properties, temporal behaviour, and burst characteristics. Spectral, type I X-ray burst, and temporal analyses on 4U 1735−44 were performed using AstroSat /Soft X-ray Telescope and Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) observations. The hardness–intensity diagram from LAXPC-20 showed a positive correlation between hardness and intensity, with a pattern resembling the banana branch typical of atoll sources. Spectral analysis carried out in the 0.7–20.0 keV energy range, using the model combination – |$\tt {constant}$| |$\times$| |$\tt {tbabs}$| (⁠|$\tt {nthcomp}$| |$+$| |$\tt {diskbb}$| |$+$| |$\tt {bbodyrad}$|⁠), suggested a cool accretion disc truncated at a large distance from the neutron star in the system. Time-resolved spectral studies of two type I X-ray bursts detected from the source revealed evidence of photospheric radius expansion, allowing for an estimation of the source distance. Temporal analysis showed the presence of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation at |$\sim$| 69 Hz (3.3 |$\sigma$| significance with more than 99 per cent confidence) and prominent noise features below 30 Hz. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. A Master Protocol Template for Pediatric ARDS Studies.

Author

Miller, Andrew G., Curley, Martha A. Q., Destrampe, Claire, Flori, Heidi, Khemani, Robinder, Ohmer, Amy, Thomas, Neal J., Yehya, Nadir, Ward, Shan, West, Leanne, Zimmerman, Kanecia O., Venkatachalam, Saranya, Sutton, Sonya, and Hornik, Christoph P.

Subjects
ADRENOCORTICAL hormones, MORTALITY, ADULT respiratory distress syndrome, INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, CLINICAL trials, LYING down position, META-analysis, RESEARCH protocols, REACTIVE oxygen species, OXYGEN in the body, MEDICAL research, ARTIFICIAL respiration, HEALTH care teams
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pediatric ARDS is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. High-quality data from clinical trials in children are limited due to numerous barriers to their design and execution. Here we describe the collaborative development of a master protocol as a tool to address some of these barriers and support the conduct of pediatric ARDS studies. METHODS: Using PubMed, we performed a literature search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in pediatric ARDS to characterize the current state and evaluate potential benefit of harmonized master protocols. We used a multi-stakeholder, collaborative, and team science-oriented process to develop a master protocol template with links to common data elements (CDEs) for pediatric ARDS trials. RESULTS: We identified 11 RCTs that enrolled between 14-200 total subjects per trial. Interventions included mechanical ventilation, prone positioning, corticosteroids, and surfactant. Studies displayed significant heterogeneity in ARDS definition, design, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and reported outcomes. Mortality was reported in 91% of trials and ventilator-free days in 73%. The trial heterogeneity made pooled analysis unfeasible. These findings underscore the need for a method to facilitate combined analysis of future trials through standardization of trial elements. As a potential solution, we developed a master protocol, iteratively revised with input from a multidisciplinary panel of experts and organized into 3 categories: instructions and general information, templated language, and a series of text options of common pediatric ARDS trial scenarios. Finally, we linked master protocol sections to relevant CDEs previously defined for pediatric ARDS and captured in a series of electronic case report forms. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of pediatric ARDS trials identified were small and heterogeneous in study design and outcome reporting. Using a master protocol template for pediatric ARDS trials with CDEs would support combining and comparing pediatric ARDS trial findings and increase the knowledge base. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Association of SNP-SNP interactions of surfactant protein genes with severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children.

Author

Gandhi, Chintan K., Depicolzuane, Lynnlee C., Chen, Chixiang, Roberts, Catherine M., Sicher, Natalie, Wegerson, Katelyn Johnson, Thomas, Neal J., Wu, Rongling, and Floros, Joanna

Subjects
SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms, GENETIC variation, RESPIRATORY syncytial virus, VIRAL proteins, SURFACE active agents
Abstract

The severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) may be linked to host genetic susceptibility. Surfactant protein (SP) genetic variants have been associated with RSV severity, but the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-SNP interactions remains unexplored. Therefore, we used a novel statistical model to investigate the association of SNP-SNP interactions of SFTP genes with RSV severity in two- and three-interaction models. We analyzed available genotype and clinical data from prospectively enrolled 405 children diagnosed with RSV, categorizing them into moderate or severe RSV groups. Using Wang's statistical model, we studied significant associations of SNP-SNP interactions with RSV severity in a case-control design. We observed, first, association of three interactions with increased risk of severe RSV in a two-SNP model. One intragenic interaction was between SNPs of SFTPA2, and the other two were intergenic, involving SNPs of hydrophilic and hydrophobic SPs alone. We also observed, second, association of 22 interactions with RSV severity in a three-SNP model. Among these, 20 were unique, with 12 and 10 interactions associated with increased or decreased risk of RSV severity, respectively, and included at least one SNP of either SFTPA1 or SFTPA2. All interactions were intergenic except one, among SNPs of SFTPA1. The remaining interactions were either among SNPs of hydrophilic SPs alone (n = 8) or among SNPs of both hydrophilic or hydrophobic SPs (n = 11). Our findings indicate that SNPs of all SFTPs may contribute to genetic susceptibility to RSV severity. However, the predominant involvement of SFTPA1 and/or SFTPA2 SNPs in these interactions underscores their significance in RSV severity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY: Although surfactant protein (SP) genetic variants are associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) severity, the impact of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-SNP interactions of SP genes remained unexplored. Using advanced statistical models, we uncovered 22 SNP-SNP interactions associated with RSV severity, with notable involvement of SFTPA1 and SFTPA2 SNPs. This highlights the comprehensive role of all SPs in genetic susceptibility to RSV severity, shedding light on potential avenues for targeted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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