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Background: In root canal disinfection, intracanal medicaments play a vital role. Typical intracanal medicament, calcium hydroxide (CH), has the lowest efficacy against the biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis. Nanoparticles and their combinations may increase antimicrobial activity, making them better than conventional CH. Aim: The aim is to determine the efficacy of nanoparticle CH (NPCH) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) against E. faecalis. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 premolars were chosen. The samples were cleaned and decoronated. Cleaning and shaping were done. The apices were tightly sealed with modeling wax before being injected with 5 μl of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) bacterial suspension, and then left to incubate. Samples were categorized into CH (G-I), NPCH (G-II), AgNP (G-III), and a combination of NPCH + AgNP (G-IV) according to the intracanal medication used. Eppendorf tubes were used to transfer dentin chips after they had been incubated for 7 days. The process of obtaining bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) involves inoculating sediments onto blood agar. Results: The findings are statistically significant, number of CFUs seen with the Combination of NPCH + AgNP is lower than the other experimental groups, the group treated with CH had the largest number of CFUs. Conclusions: The highest antibacterial effect was seen in combination of NPCH + AgNP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Endodontic success hinges on a multifactorial interplay, with meticulous canal shaping, proper disinfection, and three-dimensional obturation being paramount. Among these factors, the amount of dentin remaining after instrumentation directly influences the biomechanical resilience and longevity of the tooth. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the impact of various rotary instrumentation systems, including single-file, two-file, and multiple-file configurations, on the remaining dentin thickness (RDT) following canal preparation. Settings and Design: This was an in vitro study, original research article. Materials and Methods: Sixty mandibular premolar human extracted teeth were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction with a diamond disc. Samples were randomly assigned to three groups using a simple random sampling technique (n = 60). Group I - Single-file system (One Curve, MicroMega) (n = 20), Group II - Two-file systems (2Shape, MicroMega) (n = 20), and Group III - Multiple-file system (Hero Gold, MicroMega) (n = 20). Preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were obtained after the sample was mounted on a modeling wax sheet. The biomechanical preparation of canals followed the manufacturer's protocols for every system. Postoperative CBCT scans were obtained. Pre- and postoperative scans were compared at standardized depths (4 mm, 7 mm, and 11 mm) within the canals (coronal, middle, and apical thirds), allowing for a comprehensive assessment of RDT throughout the canal. Statistical Analysis and Results: According to one-way ANOVA, the highest mean was seen in Group I, followed by Group II and Group III. Hence, a statistically significant difference was found between all the groups. Post hoc Tukey's test was done for intergroup comparison. Conclusions: A single-file system preserved more dentin with less aggressive cutting compared to two-file and multiple-file systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulp revascularization is an emerging treatment modality in endodontics aimed at preserving the vitality and function of immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp and apical periodontitis. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the current state of pulp revascularization, encompassing its rationale, clinical procedures, indications, contraindications, advantages, limitations, and potential future prospects. By critically analyzing the existing literature and clinical experiences, this review aims to offer insights into the efficacy, challenges, and potential advancements in the field of pulp revascularization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lymphomas are the malignant neoplasms of lymphocytes and their precursor cells. Their diagnosis can sometimes be difficult due to their similarity to various other entities. A 10-year-old female reported swelling on the right side of the upper jaw for a month which was associated with mild continuous pain. On examination, a mild diffused swelling was noted on the right middle third of the face region which was firm in consistency and slightly tender. Intraorally, a firm tender swelling was noted on the right side of the hard palate. A proximal caries was noted with 55. A provisional diagnosis of dentoalveolar abscess with 55 was made. A panoramic radiograph showed loss of lamina dura concerning 11, 12, 53, 14, and 55, and loss of floor of the maxillary sinus. Cone-beam computed tomography and computed tomography-paranasal sinus revealed an ill-defined, hypodense osteolytic lesion with irregular borders extending from the 11 to 15 tooth region. Radiographic evaluation was suggestive of an infectious or neoplastic lesion. An incisional biopsy was performed and sent for histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. A diagnosis of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma was made based on the features seen. The patient was sent for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The reduction in the size of the lesion was noted on follow-up. Lymphoblastic lymphoma is a neoplasm of lymphocytes that is rarely seen in the oral cavity. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are necessary to prevent further complications., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Shil et al.)