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Supreeth Kumar Reddy Kunnuru,1 Manuneethimaran Thiyagarajan,1 Jovita Martin Daniel,2 Balaji Singh K1 1General Surgery Department, Sri Ramachandra Medical University, Chennai 600116, India; 2Medical Oncology Department, Sri Ramachandra Medical University, Chennai 600116, IndiaCorrespondence: Manuneethimaran ThiyagarajanGeneral Surgery Department, Sri Ramachandra Medical University, 9036, Tower 9b, Prestige, Iyyapanthanagal, Chennai 614613, IndiaTel +91 9952044955Email profmaran@gmail.comJovita Martin Daniel Medical Oncology DepartmentSri Ramachandra Medical University, Porur, Chennai 600116, IndiaPorur Email jovimartin4@gmail.comAim and objectives: To assess the effectiveness of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and its impact on the clinical and pathological response in locally advanced breast cancer. To compare molecular subtypes of breast cancer with response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.Patients and methods: This was a prospective study on patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast carcinoma for a 3-year period. A total of 60 patients who presented with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Forty patients were treated with the 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FEC) schedule, 16 patients were treated with Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC), and four patients were treated with oral cyclophosphamide, intravenous methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF). Taxol was added in all node-positive cases, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), and Her 2 positive cases. The clinical response was assessed with RECIST criteria after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The response was compared with molecular subtypes of carcinoma breast and receptor status individually.Results: A total of 60 female patients receiving primary chemotherapy for locally advanced breast malignancy were studied. The median age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 44 years (range=24– 73). In terms of menopausal status, 25 (42%) patients were pre-menopausal and 35 (58%) patients were post-menopausal. Histological classification showed invasive ductal carcinoma in 72% of patients, invasive lobular carcinoma in 15% of patients, and other types including mixed patterns in 13% of patients. Among 60 patients, 16 patients (26.6%) had clinically complete remission (cCR), 30 patients (50%) had partial remission, eight patients (13.3%) had stable disease, and six patients (10%) had progressive disease. Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 46 (76.6%) patient underwent Modified radical mastectomy surgery. Target therapy was given for Her2 neu patients after surgery. Hormonal therapy was added to hormone ER PR positive cases postoperatively. Eight patients (13.3%) among this operated cases attained complete pathological response.Conclusion: Preoperative chemotherapy downstages the primary tumors and axillary metastasis in patients with locally advanced breast carcinoma. Comparison of molecular subtypes with chemotherapy response is a better way to find out the predictors of response to chemotherapy.Keywords: neoadjuvant chemotherapy, carcinoma breast, predictors of NACT response, clinical and pathological response to NACT

Glymphatic transport, defined as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) peri-arterial inflow into brain, and interstitial fluid (ISF) clearance, is reduced in the aging brain. However, it is unclear whether glymphatic transport affects the distribution of soluble Aβ in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In wild type mice, we show that Aβ40 (fluorescently labeled Aβ40 or unlabeled Aβ40), was distributed from CSF to brain, via the peri-arterial space, and associated with neurons. In contrast, Aβ42 was mostly restricted to the peri-arterial space due mainly to its greater propensity to oligomerize when compared to Aβ40. Interestingly, pretreatment with Aβ40 in the CSF, but not Aβ42, reduced CSF transport into brain. In APP/PS1 mice, a model of AD, with and without extensive amyloid-β deposits, glymphatic transport was reduced, due to the accumulation of toxic Aβ species, such as soluble oligomers. CSF-derived Aβ40 co-localizes with existing endogenous vascular and parenchymal amyloid-β plaques, and thus, may contribute to the progression of both cerebral amyloid angiopathy and parenchymal Aβ accumulation. Importantly, glymphatic failure preceded significant amyloid-β deposits, and thus, may be an early biomarker of AD. By extension, restoring glymphatic inflow and ISF clearance are potential therapeutic targets to slow the onset and progression of AD.

This paper presents Dynamic Gait Signature Analysis (DGSA), an innovative approach to gait analysis that leverages deep graph learning techniques. Unlike conventional methods, DGSA leverages multifaceted parameters and advanced deep graph learning techniques, such as Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) and Graph Attention Networks (GATs). These techniques enable a comprehensive analysis of gait dynamics, including the use of dynamic graph representation methods like Gait Cycle Joint Angles Graph and Gait Cycle Joint Power Graph. DGSA's unique framework allows for simultaneous prediction of neurological diseases, gait classification, and early detection of cognitive impairments. By modeling gait as dynamic graph structures, DGSA captures intricate relationships between body movements and foot positions, ultimately enhancing accuracy in classification and prediction tasks. Comprehensive experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate DGSA's robustness, generalization, and superiority in accuracy. Our approach achieves notable accuracy metrics: gait velocity (1.6 m/s), dynamic stability margin (5.6 cm), gait variability (2.4%), joint range of motion (56 degrees), dynamic balance index (0.4), minimum toe clearance (2.3 cm), foot progression angle (8.6 degrees), and dynamic joint stiffness (172). This study includes a comparative analysis of gait analysis approaches based on these key performance metrics, demonstrating DGSA's significant advancement in gait analysis methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Divider is generically used for dividing the Road for ongoing and incoming traffic. This helps keeping the flow of traffic; generally, there is equal number of lanes for both ongoing and incoming traffic. The problem with Static Road Dividers is that the number of lanes on either side of the road is fixed. Since the resources are limited and population as well as number of cars per family is increasing, there is significant increase in number of cars on roads. The existing Road Dividers consists of equal number of lanes. Usually, in morning and evening peak hours the opposite side of the Road Divider is generally underutilized. To overcome this, Smart Movable Road Divider is implemented where the divider is moved based on the density of the traffic using IR Sensors. If the density of the traffic is high on one side, the divider is moved to the other side. This calls for better utilization of existing resources like number of lanes available. Our aim is to formulate a mechanism of automated road divider that can shift lanes, so that we can have number of lanes in the direction of the rush. Each ambulance will be equipped with GPS and GSM modem which in case of emergency will send its GPS coordinates to the cloud server, which will then mark the shortest distance from its present location to the hospital viathe place from where the emergency call has been raised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic diversity among 26 rice genotypes was investigated using RAPD markers. The genotypes were screened for the leaf blastdisease reaction at two different environments. The average number of alleles amplified per primer was 9.03. Average number ofpolymorphic bands per primer was 6.80 with average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.264. Clustering based ondendrogram revealed two major clusters and 5 sub clusters. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed three major groups.The first coordinate does not discriminate any of the genotypes based on the geographical origin, but the second and thirdcoordinates differentiated South East Asian and South Asian genotypes clearly. Genetic diversity analysis of rice genotypes withRAPD marker system and phenotypic screening for blast resistance revealed that White Ponni (susceptible) and Moroberekan(resistant) were one among the genetically distant and contrasting parents for leaf blast resistance. There is no cleardiscrimination of the markers to distinguish leaf blast resistant and susceptible genotypes into separate clusters by the principalcoordinate analysis.

Gymnema sylvestre, a potential anti-diabetic medicinal plant, is used in many herbal drug formulations. The medicinal properties have been credited to the presence of gymnemic acid, which is effective in controlling blood glucose and lipid levels in the body. Molecular and biochemical variations of seven populations of G. sylvestre were investigated using DNA markers and phytochemical fingerprints of gymnemic acid content. Results obtained through these techniques were used in a comparative analysis and revealed a correlation between genetic variations and biochemical content analysis. Thirteen primers were used for RAPD-PCR analysis revealing 112 bands, of which 62 were found to be polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic bands detected ranged from 11.1 to 84.6% with an average of 54.2%. The average number of amplified bands per primer was 8.62 while the mean number of polymorphic bands per primer was 5.42. A dendrogram of the genetic similarities among the populations was constructed using the genetic distance coefficients and the seven accessions were clustered into four major groups. The total gymnemic acid content level varied significantly among these groups from 3.84 to 7.12 mg g-1 DW. A principle coordinate analysis confirmed the results of clustering. Maximum yield of gymnemic acid content (7.12 mg g-1 DW) was recorded with L7 accession. Results suggest that there might be a positive correlation between genetic makeup and gymnemic acid content; however, this has to be further investigated by using other molecular approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract A zinc‐bromine redox flow battery (RFB) is highly suitable for high‐energy storage due to its decoupled energy and power generation. However, the poor kinetics and poor reversible behavior of Br2/Br− redox activity are some of the significant barriers, and as a result, the flow system delivers low power density. To increase the efficiency of the flow cell, in the present work, bimetallic catalysts are deposited on 3D graphite felt network and are used in the positive electrode for enhancing the kinetics of the Br2/Br− redox reaction. The platinum–nickel (PtNi) bimetallic composition is optimized, and the highly improved performances are investigated using half‐cell and flow‐cell assembly. The redox kinetics parameters are improved due to the high electro‐catalytic nature of the heat‐treated Ni‐rich PtNi coating on the graphite felt (GF) and the flow cell is operated up to 140 mA cm−2. The flow cell with Pt0.5Ni1@GF delivers an impressive ever‐best power density of around 1550 mW cm−2. The cycle life shows excellent stability up to 300 cycles with coulombic, voltage, and energy efficiency of 97%, 86%, and 83%, respectively. Thus, the present work offers a promising approach to developing effective electrode materials for obtaining a superpower RFB system.