216 results on '"Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish"'
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2. Low-calorie diets for people with isolated impaired fasting glucose
- Author
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Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Taylor, Roy, Khunti, Kamlesh, Tapp, Robyn J., Raben, Anne, Zhu, Ruixin, Kapoor, Nitin, Narayan, K M Venkat, Ali, Mohammed K., and Shaw, Jonathan E.
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- 2024
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3. Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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Brauer, Michael, Roth, Gregory A, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Zheng, Peng, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasi, Madineh Akram, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdi, Parsa, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Armita, Abegaz, Tadesse M, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Abiodun, Olumide, Abiso, Temesgen Lera, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abukhadijah, Hana Jihad Jihad, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adane, Mesafint Molla, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi, Victor, Aden, Bashir, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adha, Rishan, Adibi, Amin, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas 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Roland Dominic G, Jatau, Abubakar Ibrahim, Javadov, Sabzali, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayaram, Shubha, Jeganathan, Jayakumar, Jeswani, Bijay Mukesh, Jiang, Heng, Johnson, Catherine O, Jokar, Mohammad, Jomehzadeh, Nabi, Jonas, Jost B, Joo, Tamas, Joseph, Abel, Joseph, Nitin, Joshi, Vivek, Joshua, Charity Ehimwenma, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kaambwa, Billingsley, Kabir, Ali, Kabir, Zubair, Kadashetti, Vidya, Kahn, Ethan M, Kalani, Rizwan, Kaliyadan, Feroze, Kalra, Sanjay, Kamath, Rajesh, Kanagasabai, Thanigaivelan, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kandel, Himal, Kanmiki, Edmund Wedam, Kanmodi, Kehinde Kazeem, Kansal, Sushil Kumar, Kapner, Daniel John, Kapoor, Neeti, Karagiannidis, Efstratios, Karajizadeh, Mehrdad, Karakasis, Paschalis, Karanth, Shama D, Karaye, Ibraheem M, Karch, André, Karim, Asima, Karimi, Hanie, Karmakar, Shilpi, Kashoo, Faizan Zaffar, Kasraei, Hengameh, Kassahun, Woldeteklehaymanot Dagne, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kassel, Molly B, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kauppila, Joonas H, 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Andreevich, Korzh, Oleksii, Kosen, Soewarta, Kothari, Nikhil, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koulmane Laxminarayana, Sindhura Lakshmi, Krishan, Kewal, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Krishnamoorthy, Yuvaraj, Krishnan, Bindu, Krohn, Kris J, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kuddus, Md Abdul, Kuddus, Mohammed, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kuitunen, Ilari, Kulimbet, Mukhtar, Kulkarni, Vishnutheertha, Kumar, Ashish, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Vijay, Kundu, Satyajit, Kurmi, Om P, Kusnali, Asep, Kusuma, Dian, Kutluk, Tezer, La Vecchia, Carlo, Ladan, Muhammad Awwal, Laflamme, Lucie, Lahariya, Chandrakant, Lai, Daphne Teck Ching, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lallukka, Tea, Lám, Judit, Lan, Qing, Lan, Tuo, Landires, Iván, Lanfranchi, Francesco, Langguth, Berthold, Lansingh, Van Charles, Laplante-Lévesque, Ariane, Larijani, Bagher, Larsson, Anders O, Lasrado, Savita, Lauriola, Paolo, Le, Huu-Hoai, Le, Long Khanh Dao, Le, Nhi Huu Hanh, Le, Thao Thi Thu, Leasher, Janet L, Ledda, Caterina, Lee, Munjae, Lee, Paul H, Lee, Seung Won, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Lee, Yo Han, LeGrand, Kate E, Leigh, James, Leong, Elvynna, Lerango, Temesgen L, Lescinsky, Haley, Leung, Janni, Li, Ming-Chieh, Li, Wang-Zhong, Li, Wei, Li, Yichong, Li, Zhihui, Ligade, Virendra S, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lim, Stephen S, Lin, Ro-Ting, Lin, Shuzhi, Liu, Chaojie, Liu, Gang, Liu, Jinli, Liu, Jue, Liu, Richard T, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Wei, Liu, Xiaofeng, Liu, Xuefeng, Livingstone, Katherine M, Llanaj, Erand, Lohiya, Ayush, López-Bueno, Rubén, Lopukhov, Platon D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lubinda, Jailos, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Luo, Lisha, lv, Hengliang, M Amin, Hawraz Ibrahim, Ma, Zheng Feei, Maass, Kelsey Lynn, Mabrok, Mahmoud, Machairas, Nikolaos, Machoy, Monika, Mafhoumi, Asma, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Maghazachi, Azzam A, Mahadeshwara Prasad, D R, Maharaj, Sandeep B, Mahmoud, Mansour Adam, Mahmoudi, Elham, Majeed, Azeem, Makram, Omar Mohamed, Makris, Konstantinos Christos, Malasala, Satyaveni, Maled, Venkatesh, Malhotra, Kashish, 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Samer H, Murray, Christopher J L, and Gakidou, Emmanuela
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4. Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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Vollset, Stein Emil, Ababneh, Hazim S, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd Al Magied, Abdallah H A, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelkader, Atef, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdi, Parsa, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Absalan, Abdorrahim, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abukhadijah, Hana Jihad Jihad, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adha, Rishan, Adhikary, Ripon Kumar, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agbozo, Faith, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahlstrom, Austin J, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, 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5. Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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Ferrari, Alize J, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdollahi, Arash, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abualruz, Hasan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Ackerman, Ilana N, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adewuyi, Habeeb Omoponle, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Saira, Afzal, Sina, Agodi, Antonella, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ajami, Marjan, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Albashtawy, Mohammed, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemu, Meseret Desalegn, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, 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Theo, and Murray, Christopher J L
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6. National burden of rheumatoid arthritis in Canada, 1990–2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 – a GBD collaborator-led study
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Om P Kurmi, Lin Yang, Sanni Yaya, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Zahid A Butt, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Justin J Lang, Andrew T Olagunju, Jacek A Kopec, Ranjani Somayaji, Christopher J L Murray, Dilaram Acharya, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Al Artaman, Ata Rafiee, Diane Lacaille, Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka, Jeffrey J Hebert, Marjan Mansourian, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Juwel Rana, Amin Adibi, Alice Xu, Nejat Hassen, Amani Alandejani, Sophia Sidi, Leah E Cahill, Ihoghosa Osamuyi Iyamu, Samiah Alam, Promit Ananyo Chakraborty, John Dube, Ademola Joshua Itiola, and Negar Mousavi
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Medicine - Abstract
Objective The objectives of this study were: (1) to describe burden of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and trends from 1990 to 2019 using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) data, (2) to describe age and sex differences in RA and (3) to compare Canada’s RA burden to that of other countries.Methods Disease burden indicators included prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). GBD estimated fatal and non-fatal outcomes using published literature, survey data and health insurance claims. Data were analysed by Bayesian meta-regression, cause of death ensemble model and other statistical methods. DALYs for Canada were compared with DALYs of countries with similarly high Socio-Demographic Index values.Results In Canada, the RA prevalence rate increased by 27% between 1990 and 2019, mortality rate decreased by 27%, YLL rate decreased by 30%, YLD increased by 27% and DALY rate increased by 13%, all age standardised. The decline in RA mortality and YLL rates was especially pronounced after 2002. The disease burden was higher in females for all indicators, and DALY rates were higher among older age groups, peaking at age 75–79 years. Prevalence and DALYs were higher in Canada compared with global rates.Conclusion Trends in RA burden indicators over time and differences by age and sex have important implications for Canadian policy-makers, researchers and care providers. Early identification and management of RA in women may help reduce the overall burden of RA in Canada.
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- 2024
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7. Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle Interventions: Evidence vs. Reality
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Thirunavukkarasu Sathish and Freya MacMillan
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n/a ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is a serious global public health concern that affects every country in the world [...]
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- 2023
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8. A peer support program results in greater health benefits for peer leaders than other participants: evidence from the Kerala diabetes prevention program
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Tilahun Haregu, Zahra Aziz, Yingting Cao, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Jeemon Panniyammakal, Pilvikki Absetz, Elezebeth Mathews, Sajitha Balachandran, Edwin B. Fisher, and Brian Oldenburg
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Peer support ,Diabetes ,Cardiometabolic risk ,Kerala ,India ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Peer support programs are promising approaches to diabetes prevention. However, there is still limited evidence on the health benefits of peer support programs for lay peer leaders. Purpose To examine whether a peer support program designed for diabetes prevention resulted in greater improvements in health behaviors and outcomes for peer leaders as compared to other participants. Methods 51 lay peer leaders and 437 participants from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program were included. Data were collected at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. We compared behavioral, clinical, biochemical, and health-related quality of life parameters between peer leaders and their peers at the three time-points. Results After 12 months, peer leaders showed significant improvements in leisure time physical activity (+ 17.7% vs. + 3.4%, P = 0.001) and health-related quality of life (0.0 vs. + 0.1, P = 0.004); and a significant reduction in alcohol use (-13.6% vs. -6.6%, P = 0.012) and 2-hour plasma glucose (-4.1 vs. + 9.9, P = 0.006), as compared to participants. After 24 months, relative to baseline, peer leaders had significant improvements in fruit and vegetable intake (+ 34.5% vs. + 26.5%, P = 0.017) and leisure time physical activity (+ 7.9% vs. -0.9%, P = 0.009); and a greater reduction in alcohol use (-13.6% vs. -4.9%, P = 0.008), and waist-to-hip ratio (-0.04 vs. -0.02, P = 0.014), as compared to participants. However, only the changes in fruit and vegetable intake and waist-to-hip ratio were maintained between 12 and 24 months. Conclusion Being a peer leader in a diabetes prevention program was associated with greater health benefits during and after the intervention period. Further studies are needed to examine the long-term sustainability of these benefits.
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- 2023
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9. Development of a Modified Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and Its Construct Validity among Adults in Kerala, India
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Thirunavukkarasu Sathish and Elezebeth Mathews
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physical activity ,GPAQ ,validity ,self-reports ,chronic diseases ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
There is a need for a modified Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) to estimate physical activity levels more accurately in populations. We aimed to develop a modified GPAQ and examine its construct validity among adults in Kerala, India. We incorporated locality-specific, metabolic equivalent task (MET)-based activities into the original GPAQ and administered this modified GPAQ among randomly selected 451 individuals (age ≥ 20 years) residing in the Trivandrum district of Kerala. Construct validity of the modified GPAQ was assessed using generalized linear models by examining the association of total moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) MET-minutes per week with clinical measures. The mean age of participants was 45.4 (SD: 14.1) years, and 52.6% were female. Increasing total MVPA MET-minutes per week was associated with decreasing weight (β = −0.011 kg, 95% CI: −0.020, −0.002), waist circumference (β = −0.013 cm, 95% CI: −0.023, −0.004), and systolic blood pressure (β = −0.009 mmHg, 95% CI: −0.015, −0.002), independent of age, sex, education, occupation, current smoking, current alcohol use, and fruit and vegetable intake. The validity coefficients and associations between total MVPA MET-minutes per week and theoretical constructs of physical activity agreed with those predicted, providing evidence of construct validity for the modified GPAQ.
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- 2023
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10. The long-term effects of Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program on diabetes incidence and cardiometabolic risk: a study protocol
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Tilahun Haregu, T. R. Lekha, Smitha Jasper, Nitin Kapoor, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Jeemon Panniyammakal, Robyn Tapp, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Ajay Mahal, Pilvikki Absetz, Edwin B. Fisher, and Brian Oldenburg
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Diabetes ,India ,Kerala ,Peer support ,Long-term effects ,Cardiometabolic ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction India currently has more than 74.2 million people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This is predicted to increase to 124.9 million by 2045. In combination with controlling blood glucose levels among those with T2DM, preventing the onset of diabetes among those at high risk of developing it is essential. Although many diabetes prevention interventions have been implemented in resource-limited settings in recent years, there is limited evidence about their long-term effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. Moreover, evidence on the impact of a diabetes prevention program on cardiovascular risk over time is limited. Objectives The overall aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term cardiometabolic effects of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (K-DPP). Specific aims are 1) to measure the long-term effectiveness of K-DPP on diabetes incidence and cardiometabolic risk after nine years from participant recruitment; 2) to assess retinal microvasculature, microalbuminuria, and ECG abnormalities and their association with cardiometabolic risk factors over nine years of the intervention; 3) to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness and return on investment of the K-DPP; and 4) to assess the sustainability of community engagement, peer-support, and other related community activities after nine years. Methods The nine-year follow-up study aims to reach all 1007 study participants (500 intervention and 507 control) from 60 randomized polling areas recruited to the original trial. Data are being collected in two phases. In phase 1 (Survey), we are admintsering a structured questionnaire, undertake physical measurements, and collect blood and urine samples for biochemical analysis. In phase II, we are inviting participants to undergo retinal imaging, body composition measurements, and ECG. All data collection is being conducted by trained Nurses. The primary outcome is the incidence of T2DM. Secondary outcomes include behavioral, psychosocial, clinical, biochemical, and retinal vasculature measures. Data analysis strategies include a comparison of outcome indicators with baseline, and follow-up measurements conducted at 12 and 24 months. Analysis of the long-term cost-effectiveness of the intervention is planned. Discussion Findings from this follow-up study will contribute to improved policy and practice regarding the long-term effects of lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention in India and other resource-limited settings. Trial registration Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry–(updated from the original trial)ACTRN12611000262909; India: CTRI/2021/10/037191.
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- 2023
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11. Knowledge of Diabetes among Adults at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes in the Trivandrum District of Kerala, India
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Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Jeemon Panniyammakal, and Brian Oldenburg
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diabetes knowledge ,diabetes ,prediabetes ,prevention ,health promotion ,awareness ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
We aimed to study the knowledge of diabetes among individuals with a high risk for developing type 2 diabetes in the Trivandrum district of the Indian state of Kerala. The baseline data collected from 1007 participants of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program were analyzed. Diabetes knowledge was assessed using a scale adapted from a large nationwide study conducted in India. The composite score of the scale ranged from 0 to 8. The mean age of the participants was 46.0 (SD: 7.5) years, and 47.2% were women. The mean diabetes knowledge score was 6.9 (SD: 2.1), with 59.5% having the maximum possible score of 8. Of the 1007 participants, 968 (96.1%) had heard the term diabetes, and of them, 87.2% knew that the prevalence of diabetes is increasing, 92.9% knew at least one risk factor for diabetes, 79.6% knew that diabetes can cause complications in organs, and 75.9% knew that diabetes can be prevented. While the overall level of knowledge of diabetes about its risk factors, complications, and prevention was generally high, an alarmingly low proportion of participants knew that diabetes can affect key organs such as the eyes (24.0%), heart (20.1%), feet (10.2%), and nerves (2.9%), and nearly a quarter (24.1%) were not aware that diabetes can be prevented. It is essential to educate high-risk individuals about diabetes complications and the importance of and strategies for diabetes prevention in the Trivandrum district of Kerala.
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- 2023
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12. Glycemia and New-Onset Diabetes among COVID-19 Patients with Prediabetes: A Follow-Study of Case Series in India
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Nirmala Devi Chandrasekaran and Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
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coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,prediabetes ,new-onset diabetes ,diabetes ,HbA1c ,Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs ,RC633-647.5 - Abstract
Studies have shown that COVID-19 patients with prediabetes frequently present with high plasma glucose levels on hospital admission. However, whether the glycemic abnormalities are temporary or persist after recovery from the illness is unclear. We conducted a follow-up study of the case series of 69 COVID-19 patients with prediabetes (HbA1c 5.7–6.4%) who were admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Chennai, India, from May to October 2020 and were discharged alive. Over a mean follow-up of 146.6 (SD: 72.5) days, the mean fasting plasma glucose rose significantly by 16.8 mg/dL (from 119.3–136.1 mg/dL), 2-hr post-prandial glucose by 61.0 mg/dL (from 176.2–237.2 mg/dL), and HbA1c by 0.6% (5.9–6.5%). Of the 49 (84.5%) patients who were discharged with glucose-lowering medications, 40 (81.6%) continued taking them at the first follow-up visit (mean of 50.1 days from admission), and 39 (79.6%) continued taking them at the second follow-up visit (mean of 114.3 days from the first follow-up visit). In addition, 12.1% of patients developed new-onset diabetes after recovery from the illness. These findings underscore the importance of regular monitoring of glycemic parameters in COVID-19 patients with prediabetes after recovery.
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- 2023
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13. High-Intensity Interval Training for Individuals with Isolated Impaired Fasting Glucose: A Proof-of-Concept Study Protocol (Preprint)
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Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, primary, Ziegler, Thomas, additional, Staimez, Lisa, additional, Lobelo, Felipe, additional, Millard-Stafford, Mindy, additional, Schmidt, Michael, additional, Venkatachalam, Aravind, additional, Bajpai, Ram, additional, Fil, Farah, additional, Prokou, Maria, additional, Kumar, Siya, additional, Tapp, Robyn, additional, Shaw, Jonathan, additional, Pasquel, Francisco, additional, and Nocera, Joe, additional
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- 2024
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14. Nutritional Guidance for Individuals with Prediabetes — Uniform or Tailored to Phenotypes?
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Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, primary
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- 2024
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15. The Final Frontier in Diabetes Care: Implementing Research in Real-World Practice.
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Green, Jennifer B., Crowley, Matthew J., Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Maruthur, Nisa M., and Oldenburg, Brian
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GLYCEMIC control ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,DIABETES ,STREAMING video & television ,PREVENTION - Abstract
Despite extensive evidence related to the prevention and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications, most people at risk for and people who have diabetes do not receive recommended guideline-based care. Clinical implementation of proven care strategies is of the utmost importance because without this, even the most impressive research findings will remain of purely academic interest. In this review, we discuss the promise and challenges of implementing effective approaches to diabetes prevention and care in the real-world setting. We describe successful implementation projects in three critical areas of diabetes care—diabetes prevention, glycemic control, and prevention of diabetes-related complications—which provide a basis for further clinical translation and an impetus to improve the prevention and control of T2D in the community. Advancing the clinical translation of evidence-based care must include recognition of and assessment of existing gaps in care, identification of barriers to the delivery of optimal care, and a locally appropriate plan to address and overcome these barriers. Care models that promote team-based approaches, rather than reliance on patient-provider interactions, will enhance the delivery of contemporary comprehensive diabetes care. 6357593094112 dci240001video1 Video 1. This image is from a video available online at https://bcove.video/3WedKuq. American Diabetes Association 84th Scientific Sessions Diabetes Care Symposium: The Final Frontier—Implementing the Learning Implementation Science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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16. Mapping development and health effects of cooking with solid fuels in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–18: a geospatial modelling study
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Joseph Jon Frostad, QuynhAnh P Nguyen, Mathew M Baumann, Brigette F Blacker, Laurie B Marczak, Aniruddha Deshpande, Kirsten E Wiens, Kate E LeGrand, Kimberly B Johnson, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Amir Abdoli, Hassan Abolhassani, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Michael R M Abrigo, Niveen ME Abu-Rmeileh, Victor Adekanmbi, Anurag Agrawal, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Ziyad Al-Aly, Fahad Mashhour Alanezi, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Vahid Alipour, Khalid A Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J Alvis-Zakzuk, Adeladza Kofi Amegah, Saeed Amini, Fatemeh Amiri, Dickson A Amugsi, Robert Ancuceanu, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Andrei, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Davood Anvari, Jalal Arabloo, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Marcel Ausloos, Getinet Ayano, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Samad Azari, Ashish D Badiye, Atif Amin Baig, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Maciej Banach, Sanjay Basu, Neeraj Bedi, Michelle L Bell, Derrick A Bennett, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Sadia Bibi, Somayeh Bohlouli, Soufiane Boufous, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Dejana Braithwaite, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Zahid A Butt, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Josip Car, Rosario Cárdenas, Felix Carvalho, Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Ester Cerin, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Pankaj Chaturvedi, Sarika Chaturvedi, Simiao Chen, Dinh-Toi Chu, Sheng-Chia Chung, Saad M A Dahlawi, Giovanni Damiani, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Jai K Das, Aditya Prasad Dash, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Diego De Leo, Jan-Walter De Neve, Getu Debalkie Demissie, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Sagnik Dey, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Meghnath Dhimal, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Daniel Diaz, Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu, Fariba Dorostkar, Leila Doshmangir, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Hisham Atan Edinur, Ferry Efendi, Maha El Tantawi, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Ibtihal Fadhil, Nazir Fattahi, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Masoud Foroutan, Takeshi Fukumoto, Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane, Mansour Ghafourifard, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Syed Amir Gilani, Tiffany K Gill, Alessandra C Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia Goulart, Ayman Grada, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Davide Guido, Yuming Guo, Rajat Das Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Reyna Alma Gutiérrez, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Randah R Hamadeh, Ahmed I Hasaballah, Soheil Hassanipour, Khezar Hayat, Behzad Heibati, Reza Heidari-Soureshjani, Nathaniel J Henry, Claudiu Herteliu, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mohamed Hsairi, Guoqing Hu, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Irena M Ilic, Milena D Ilic, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Chidozie C D Iwu, Jalil Jaafari, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Tahereh Javaheri, Ravi Prakash Jha, John S Ji, Jost B Jonas, Ali Kabir, Zubair Kabir, Rohollah Kalhor, Naser Kamyari, Tanuj Kanchan, Umesh Kapil, Neeti Kapoor, Gbenga A Kayode, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Yousef Saleh Khader, Nauman Khalid, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Maseer Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khan, Khaled Khatab, Mona M Khater, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Jagdish Khubchandani, Gyu Ri Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Adnan Kisa, Sezer Kisa, Luke D Knibbs, Parvaiz A Koul, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, G Anil Kumar, Manasi Kumar, Dian Kusuma, Carlo La Vecchia, Ben Lacey, Faris Hasan Lami, Qing Lan, Savita Lasrado, Paolo Lauriola, Paul H Lee, Sonia Lewycka, Shanshan Li, Daiane Borges Machado, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Mina Maheri, Azeem Majeed, Afshin Maleki, Reza Malekzadeh, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Borhan Mansouri, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Natalie Maria Martinez, Santi Martini, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Benjamin K Mayala, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Walter Mendoza, Ritesh G Menezes, Endalkachew Worku Mengesha, Tuomo J Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Irmina Maria Michalek, Erkin M Mirrakhimov, Maryam Mirzaei, Roya Mirzaei, Babak Moazen, Yousef Mohammad, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Shafiu Mohammed, Ali H Mokdad, Lorenzo Monasta, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Paula Moraga, Lidia Morawska, Abbas Mosapour, Simin Mouodi, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Satinath Mukhopadhyay, Sandra B Munro, Christopher J L Murray, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Mohsen Naghavi, Sanjeev Nair, Vinay Nangia, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Javad Nazari, Ionut Negoi, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Josephine W Ngunjiri, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Bogdan Oancea, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, In-Hwan Oh, Andrew T Olagunju, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Ahmed Omar Bali, Obinna E Onwujekwe, Nikita Otstavnov, Stanislav S Otstavnov, Mayowa O Owolabi, Mahesh P A, Anamika Pandey, Eun-Cheol Park, Eun-Kee Park, Sangram Kishor Patel, Hai Quang Pham, Thomas Pilgrim, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Khem Narayan Pokhrel, Maarten J Postma, Zahiruddin Quazi Syed, Navid Rabiee, Amir Radfar, Fakher Rahim, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Sowmya J Rao, Davide Rasella, Prateek Rastogi, Goura Kishor Rath, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Lal Rawal, Reza Rawassizadeh, Andre M N Renzaho, Bhageerathy Reshmi, Negar Rezaei, Nima Rezaei, Aziz Rezapour, Jennifer Rickard, Leonardo Roever, Luca Ronfani, Morteza Rostamian, Enrico Rubagotti, Godfrey M Rwegerera, Basema Saddik, Ehsan Sadeghi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Rajesh Sagar, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Marwa Rashad Salem, Abdallah M Samy, Milena M Santric-Milicevic, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Brijesh Sathian, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, David C Schwebel, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Saeed Shahabi, Amira A Shaheen, Izza Shahid, Masood Ali Shaikh, Ali S Shalash, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Mohammed Shannawaz, Kiomars Sharafi, Aziz Sheikh, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Ranjitha S Shetty, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Mika Shigematsu, Jae Il Shin, K M Shivakumar, Soraya Siabani, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Balbir Bagicha Singh, Jasvinder A Singh, Yitagesu Sintayehu, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Ireneous N Soyiri, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Leo Stockfelt, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Takahiro Tabuchi, Amir Taherkhani, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Eugenio Traini, Saif Ullah, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Era Upadhyay, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, Santosh Varughese, Francesco S Violante, Bay Vo, Giang Thu Vu, Yasir Waheed, Yuan-Pang Wang, Catherine A Welgan, Andrea Werdecker, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Sanni Yaya, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mustafa Z Younis, Taraneh Yousefinezhadi, Chuanhua Yu, Yong Yu, Sojib Bin Zaman, Yunquan Zhang, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Michael Brauer, Simon I Hay, and Robert C Reiner, Jr
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Summary: Background: More than 3 billion people do not have access to clean energy and primarily use solid fuels to cook. Use of solid fuels generates household air pollution, which was associated with more than 2 million deaths in 2019. Although local patterns in cooking vary systematically, subnational trends in use of solid fuels have yet to be comprehensively analysed. We estimated the prevalence of solid-fuel use with high spatial resolution to explore subnational inequalities, assess local progress, and assess the effects on health in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) without universal access to clean fuels. Methods: We did a geospatial modelling study to map the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking at a 5 km × 5 km resolution in 98 LMICs based on 2·1 million household observations of the primary cooking fuel used from 663 population-based household surveys over the years 2000 to 2018. We use observed temporal patterns to forecast household air pollution in 2030 and to assess the probability of attaining the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target indicator for clean cooking. We aligned our estimates of household air pollution to geospatial estimates of ambient air pollution to establish the risk transition occurring in LMICs. Finally, we quantified the effect of residual primary solid-fuel use for cooking on child health by doing a counterfactual risk assessment to estimate the proportion of deaths from lower respiratory tract infections in children younger than 5 years that could be associated with household air pollution. Findings: Although primary reliance on solid-fuel use for cooking has declined globally, it remains widespread. 593 million people live in districts where the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking exceeds 95%. 66% of people in LMICs live in districts that are not on track to meet the SDG target for universal access to clean energy by 2030. Household air pollution continues to be a major contributor to particulate exposure in LMICs, and rising ambient air pollution is undermining potential gains from reductions in the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking in many countries. We estimated that, in 2018, 205 000 (95% uncertainty interval 147 000–257 000) children younger than 5 years died from lower respiratory tract infections that could be attributed to household air pollution. Interpretation: Efforts to accelerate the adoption of clean cooking fuels need to be substantially increased and recalibrated to account for subnational inequalities, because there are substantial opportunities to improve air quality and avert child mortality associated with household air pollution. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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- 2022
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17. Strengthening research capacity of early-mid career researchers: Implementation and evaluation of the Excellence in Non-COmmunicable disease REsearch (ENCORE) program
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Kapoor, Nitin, primary, Haregu, Tilahun, additional, Singh, Kavita, additional, Oommen, Anu Mary, additional, Audsley, Jennifer, additional, Gupta, Priti, additional, Jasper, Smitha, additional, Mini, G. K., additional, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, additional, and Oldenburg, Brian, additional
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- 2024
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18. Review of: "Establishing a Multi-disciplinary Adult Oncology Unit at Muhimbili National Hospital: Lessons Learned, Challenges, and Opportunities Amidst Tanzania's Growing Cancer Burden"
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Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, primary
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- 2024
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19. Recalibration of Framingham Risk Score for predicting 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in a South Indian population
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Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, primary, Sasikumar, Midhun, additional, Demissie, Getu Debalkie, additional, Pramodkumar, Thyparambil Aravindakshan, additional, Oldenburg, Brian, additional, and Oommen, Anu Mary, additional
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- 2024
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20. New-Onset diabetes in long COVID: An emerging challenge for the health system in low- and middle-income countries
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Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2023
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21. Development and validation of resource-driven risk prediction models for incident chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes
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Sarega Gurudas, Manjula Nugawela, A. Toby Prevost, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Rohini Mathur, J. M. Rafferty, Kevin Blighe, Ramachandran Rajalakshmi, Anjana R. Mohan, Jebarani Saravanan, Azeem Majeed, Viswanthan Mohan, David R. Owens, John Robson, Sobha Sivaprasad, and the ORNATE India Study Group
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Prediction models for population-based screening need, for global usage, to be resource-driven, involving predictors that are affordably resourced. Here, we report the development and validation of three resource-driven risk models to identify people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) at risk of stage 3 CKD defined by a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to below 60 mL/min/1.73m2. The observational study cohort used for model development consisted of data from a primary care dataset of 20,510 multi-ethnic individuals with T2DM from London, UK (2007–2018). Discrimination and calibration of the resulting prediction models developed using cox regression were assessed using the c-statistic and calibration slope, respectively. Models were internally validated using tenfold cross-validation and externally validated on 13,346 primary care individuals from Wales, UK. The simplest model was simplified into a risk score to enable implementation in community-based medicine. The derived full model included demographic, laboratory parameters, medication-use, cardiovascular disease history (CVD) and sight threatening retinopathy status (STDR). Two less resource-intense models were developed by excluding CVD and STDR in the second model and HbA1c and HDL in the third model. All three 5-year risk models had good internal discrimination and calibration (optimism adjusted C-statistics were each 0.85 and calibration slopes 0.999–1.002). In Wales, models achieved excellent discrimination(c-statistics ranged 0.82–0.83). Calibration slopes at 5-years suggested models over-predicted risks, however were successfully updated to accommodate reduced incidence of stage 3 CKD in Wales, which improved their alignment with the observed rates in Wales (E/O ratios near to 1). The risk score demonstrated similar model performance compared to direct evaluation of the cox model. These resource-driven risk prediction models may enable universal screening for Stage 3 CKD to enable targeted early optimisation of risk factors for CKD.
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- 2021
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22. Development and validation of predictive risk models for sight threatening diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes to be applied as triage tools in resource limited settings
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Manjula D. Nugawela, Sarega Gurudas, A. Toby Prevost, Rohini Mathur, John Robson, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, J.M. Rafferty, Ramachandran Rajalakshmi, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Saravanan Jebarani, Viswanathan Mohan, David R. Owens, and Sobha Sivaprasad
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Diabetic ,Retinopathy ,Predictive models ,Performance ,Diabetes ,South Asians ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Summary: Background: Delayed diagnosis and treatment of sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) is a common cause of visual impairment in people with Type 2 diabetes. Therefore, systematic regular retinal screening is recommended, but global coverage of such services is challenging. We aimed to develop and validate predictive models for STDR to identify ‘at-risk’ population for retinal screening. Methods: Models were developed using datasets obtained from general practices in inner London, United Kingdom (UK) on adults with type 2 Diabetes during the period 2007–2017. Three models were developed using Cox regression and model performance was assessed using C statistic, calibration slope and observed to expected ratio measures. Models were externally validated in cohorts from Wales, UK and India. Findings: A total of 40,334 people were included in the model development phase of which 1427 (3·54%) people developed STDR. Age, gender, diabetes duration, antidiabetic medication history, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and history of retinopathy were included as predictors in the Model 1, Model 2 excluded retinopathy status, and Model 3 further excluded HbA1c. All three models attained strong discrimination performance in the model development dataset with C statistics ranging from 0·778 to 0·832, and in the external validation datasets (C statistic 0·685 – 0·823) with calibration slopes closer to 1 following re-calibration of the baseline survival. Interpretation: We have developed new risk prediction equations to identify those at risk of STDR in people with type 2 diabetes in any resource-setting so that they can be screened and treated early. Future testing, and piloting is required before implementation. Funding: This study was funded by the GCRF UKRI (MR/P207881/1) and supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology.
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- 2022
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23. Associations between attainment of incentivised primary care indicators and incident diabetic retinopathy in England: a population-based historical cohort study
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Ailsa J. McKay, Laura H. Gunn, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Eszter Vamos, Manjula Nugawela, Azeem Majeed, German Molina, and Sobha Sivaprasad
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Type 2 Diabetes ,Retinopathy ,General Practice ,Glycated haemoglobin ,Blood pressure ,Cholesterol ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background The associations between England’s incentivised primary care-based diabetes prevention activities and hard clinical endpoints remain unclear. We aimed to examine the associations between attainment of primary care indicators and incident diabetic retinopathy (DR) among people with type 2 diabetes. Methods A historical cohort (n = 60,094) of people aged ≥ 18 years with type 2 diabetes and no DR at baseline was obtained from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Exposures included attainment of the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) HbA1c (≤ 7.5% or 59 mmol/mol), blood pressure (≤ 140/80 mmHg), and cholesterol (≤ 5 mmol/L) indicators, and number of National Diabetes Audit (NDA) care processes completed (categorised as 0–3, 4–6, or 7–9), in 2010–2011. Outcomes were time to development of DR and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR). Nearest neighbour propensity score matching was undertaken and Cox proportional hazards models then fitted using the matched samples. Concordance statistics were calculated for each model. Results 8263 DR and 832 STDR diagnoses were observed over mean follow-up periods of 3.5 (SD 2.1) and 3.8 (SD 2.0) years, respectively. HbA1c and blood pressure (BP) indicator attainment were associated with lower rates of DR (adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) 0.94 (95% CI 0.89–0.99) and 0.87 (0.83–0.92), respectively), whereas cholesterol indicator attainment was not (aHR 1.03 (0.97–1.10)). All QOF indicators were associated with lower rates of STDR (aHRs 0.74 (0.62–0.87) for HbA1c, 0.78 (0.67–0.91) for BP, and 0.82 (0.67–0.99) for cholesterol). Completion of 7–9 vs. 0–3 NDA processes was associated with fewer STDR diagnoses (aHR 0.72 (0.55–0.94)). Conclusions Attainment of key primary care indicators is associated with lower incidence of DR and STDR among patients with type 2 diabetes in England.
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- 2021
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24. General and abdominal adiposity and hypertension in eight world regions: a pooled analysis of 837 population-based studies with 7·5 million participants
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Zhou, Bin, Bennett, James E, Wickham, Aidan P, Singleton, Rosie K, Mishra, Anu, Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M, Ikeda, Nayu, Jain, Lakshya, Barradas-Pires, Ana, Heap, Rachel A, Lhoste, Victor PF, Sheffer, Kate E, Phelps, Nowell H, Rayner, Archie W, Gregg, Edward W, Woodward, Mark, Stevens, Gretchen A, Iurilli, Maria LC, Danaei, Goodarz, Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A, Ahmad, Noor Ani, Bovet, Pascal, Chen, Zhengming, Damasceno, Albertino, Filippi, Sarah L, Janszky, Imre, Kengne, Andre P, Khang, Young-Ho, Khunti, Kamlesh, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lim, Lee-Ling, Lissner, Lauren, Margozzini, Paula, Mbanya, Jean Claude N, McGarvey, Stephen T, Shaw, Jonathan E, Söderberg, Stefan, Soto-Mota, Luis Adrián, Wang, Junyang, Zaccardi, Francesco, Abarca-Gómez, Leandra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abdrakhmanova, Shynar, Abdul Ghaffar, Suhaila, Abdul Rahim, Hanan F, Abdurrahmonova, Zulfiya, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin, Adam, Ishag, Adamczyk, Marzena, Aekplakorn, Wichai, 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P, Ortiz, Pedro J, Osmond, Clive, Ostojic, Sergej M, Ostovar, Afshin, Otero, Johanna A, Ottendahl, Charlotte B, Otu, Akaninyene, Overvad, Kim, Owusu-Dabo, Ellis, Padez, Cristina P, Pagkalos, Ioannis, Pajula, Natalja, Palloni, Alberto, Palmieri, Luigi, Pan, Wen-Harn, Panza, Francesco, Paoli, Mariela, Papadopoulou, Sousana K, Pareja, Rossina G, Park, Soon-Woo, Park, Suyeon, Parnell, Winsome R, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Pascanu, Ionela M, Pasquet, Patrick, Patel, Nikhil D, Pavlyshyn, Halyna, Pechlaner, Raimund, Pećin, Ivan, Pedro, João M, Peixoto, Sergio Viana, Peltonen, Markku, Pereira, Alexandre C, Peres, Karen GDA, Peres, Marco A, Perez-Londoño, Agustín, Pérez, Cynthia M, Peterkova, Valentina, Petrovna Kovtun, Olga, Peykari, Niloofar, Pham, Son Thai, Pichardo, Rafael N, Pierre-Marie, Preux, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Piler, Pavel, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Pizarro, Andreia N, Plata, Silvia, Pop, Raluca M, Popkin, Barry M, Popovic, Stevo R, Porta, Miquel, Poudyal, Anil, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J, Prista, Antonio, Providencia, Rui, Puder, Jardena J, Pudule, Iveta, Puhakka, Soile, Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quialheiro, Anna, Quintana, Hedley K, Quiroga-Padilla, Pedro J, Quoc Bao, Tran, Rach, Stefan, Rahimikazerooni, Salar, Rahman, Mahmudur, Raitakari, Olli, Rakhmatulloev, Sherali, Rakovac, Ivo, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramadan, Otim PC, Ramirez-Zea, Manuel, Ramos, Rafel, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Ramsay, Sheena E, Rangel Junior, João FLB, Rangel Reina, Daniel A, Rangelova, Lalka S, Rarra, Vayia, Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi, Rech, Cassiano Ricardo, Redon, Josep, Regecová, Valéria, Renner, Jane DP, Repasy, Judit A, Reuter, Cézane P, Revilla, Luis, Reynolds, Andrew, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Riboli, Elio, Rigo, Fernando, Rigotti, Attilio, Riley, Leanne M, Rinke de Wit, Tobias F, Risérus, Ulf, Ritti-Dias, Raphael M, Roa, Reina G, Roccaldo, Romana, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Rodriguez-Perez, María del Cristo, Rodríguez-Villamizar, Laura A, Rodríguez, Andrea Y, Roggenbuck, Ulla, Rohloff, Peter, Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba, Romeo, Elisabetta L, Rosario, Rafaela V, Rosengren, Annika, Rouse, Ian, Rubinstein, Adolfo, Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca Sandra, Ruiz-Castell, Maria, Ruiz Moreno, Emma, Rusakova, Iuliia A, Rusek, Wojciech, Rust, Petra, Rutkowski, Marcin, Saamel, Marge, Sabbaghi, Hamideh, Sachdev, Harshpal S, Sadjadi, Alireza, Safarpour, Ali Reza, Safi, Sare, Saghi, Mohammad Hossien, Saidi, Olfa, Saieva, Calogero, Sakata, Satoko, Saki, Nader, Šalaj, Sanja, Salazar Martinez, Eduardo, Salkhanova, Akkumis, Salonen, Jukka T, Samoutian, Margarita, Sánchez-Abanto, Jose, Sánchez Rodríguez, Inés, Santos, Diana A, Santos, Ina S, Santos, Maria Paula, Santos, Tamara R, Saramies, Jouko L, Sardinha, Luis B, Sarganas, Giselle, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Saum, Kai-Uwe, Savin, Stefan, Sbaraini, Mariana, Scazufca, Marcia, Schaan, Beatriz D, Schienkiewitz, Anja, Schindler, Karin, Schipf, Sabine, Schmidt, Amand Floriaan, Schmidt, Börge, Schmidt, Carsten O, Schöttker, Ben, Schramm, Sara, Schramm, Stine, Schröder, Helmut, Schultsz, Constance, Schutte, Aletta E, Sebert, Sylvain, Sedaghattalab, Moslem, Sein, Aye Aye, Sen, Abhijit, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Sequera, Guillermo, Ševčíková, Ľudmila, Sewpaul, Ronel, Shamah-Levy, Teresa, Shamshirgaran, Seyed Morteza, Sharafkhah, Maryam, Sharma, Sanjib K, Sharman, Almaz, Shayanrad, Amaneh, Shayesteh, Ali Akbar, Shengelia, Lela, Shibuya, Kenji, Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana, Shiri, Rahman, Shoranov, Marat, Shrestha, Namuna, Si-Ramlee, Khairil, Sibai, Abla M, Sidossis, Labros S, Silva, Antonio M, Silva, Caroline Ramos de Moura, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Kelly Samara, Sim, Xueling, Simon, Mary, Sjöström, Michael, Skoblina, Natalia A, Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta, Slusarczyk, Przemysław, Smeeth, Liam, Smith, Lee, Soares, Fernanda Cunha, Sobek, Grzegorz, Sobngwi, Eugène, Sodemann, Morten, Soemantri, Agustinus, Solfrizzi, Vincenzo, Somi, Mohammad Hossein, Sørgjerd, Elin P, Sorić, Maroje, Soto-Rojas, Victoria E, Soumaré, Aïcha, Sousa-Poza, Alfonso, Spiroski, Igor, Staessen, Jan A, Stang, Andreas, Steene-Johannessen, Jostein, Stehle, Peter, Stein, Aryeh D, Stergiou, George S, Stokwiszewski, Jakub, Stoyanova, Ekaterina, Stratton, Gareth, Stronks, Karien, Sturua, Lela, Suarez-Ortegón, Milton F, Suebsamran, Phalakorn, Sulo, Gerhard, Sundström, Johan, Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul, Swinburn, Boyd A, Sylva, René Charles, Szponar, Lucjan, Tai, E Shyong, Tambalis, Konstantinos D, Tamosiunas, Abdonas, Tanabayev, Baimakhan, Tanrygulyyeva, Maya, Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul, Tarp, Jakob, Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B, Taxová Braunerová, Radka, Te Velde, Saskia, Tebar, William R, Tell, Grethe S, Tello, Tania, Thankappan, KR, Theodoridis, Xenophon, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Thomas, Nihal, Thrift, Amanda G, Tichá, Ľubica, Timmermans, Erik J, Tjandrarini, Dwi Hapsari, Tjonneland, Anne, Tolstrup, Janne S, Topbas, Murat, Torres-Collado, Laura, Touloumi, Giota, Traissac, Pierre, Triantafyllou, Areti, Trivedi, Atul, Tshepo, Lechaba, Tsintavis, Panagiotis, Tuitele, John, Tuliakova, Azaliia M, Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K, Tullu, Fikru, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Turley, Maria L, Tzala, Evangelia, Tzotzas, Themistoklis, Tzourio, Christophe, Ueda, Peter, Ugel, Eunice, Ukoli, Flora AM, Usupova, Zhamyila, Uusitalo, Hannu MT, Uysal, Nalan, Valdivia, Gonzalo, Valvi, Damaskini, van Dam, Rob M, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Van der Heyden, Johan, van der Schouw, Yvonne T, Van Lippevelde, Wendy, Van Minh, Hoang, Van Schoor, Natasja M, van Valkengoed, Irene GM, Vanderschueren, Dirk, Vanuzzo, Diego, Varela-Moreiras, Gregorio, Vargas, Luz Nayibe, Vasan, Senthil K, Vasques, Daniel G, Vega, Tomas, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Velika, Biruta, Verdot, Charlotte, Verloigne, Maïté, Veronesi, Giovanni, Verschuren, WM Monique, Verstraeten, Roosmarijn, Viet, Lucie, Vik, Frøydis N, Vilar, Monica, Villalpando, Salvador, Vioque, Jesus, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Visser, Marjolein, Viswanathan, Bharathi, Vladulescu, Mihaela, Völzke, Henry, Voutilainen, Ari, Vrijheid, Martine, Wade, Alisha N, Wan Bebakar, Wan Mohamad, Wan Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon, Wanderley Júnior, Rildo de Souza, Wang, Chongjian, Wang, Huijun, Wang, Ningli, Wang, Qian, Wang, Xiangjun, Wang, Ya Xing, Wang, Ying-Wei, Wannamethee, S Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Wartha, Olivia, Weber, Adelheid, Webster-Kerr, Karen, Wedderkopp, Niels, Weghuber, Daniel, Wei, Wenbin, Westbury, Leo, Whincup, Peter H, Wickramasinghe, Kremlin, Widhalm, Kurt, Widyahening, Indah S, Więcek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J, Willeit, Karin, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Julianne, Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A, Wong, Andrew, Wong, Emily B, Wu, Frederick C, Wyszyńska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yan, Li, Yan, Weili, Yang, Yang, Yépez García, Martha, Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, Younger-Coleman, Novie O, Yu, Yu-Ling, Yu, Yunjiang, Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zafiropulos, Vassilis, Zainuddin, Ahmad A, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Zapata, Maria Elisa, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zdrojewski, Tomasz, Żegleń, Magdalena, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Zeljkovic Vrkic, Tajana, Zhang, Bing, Zhang, Zhen-Yu, Zhecheva, Yanitsa V, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zimmet, Paul, Zins, Marie, Zuñiga Cisneros, Julio, Zuziak, Monika, and Ezzati, Majid
- Abstract
Adiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and without hypertension.
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- 2024
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25. Editorial: Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension or Diabetes in India: The Impact of Public Health Promotion
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Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Meena Daivadanam, G. K. Mini, Rohina Joshi, and Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
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awareness ,treatment ,control ,hypertension ,diabetes ,health promotion ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2022
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26. Clustering of health behaviors and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors among adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes in India: A latent class analysis.
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de Mello, Gabrielli T., Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu R., Oldenburg, Brian, and Cao, Yingting
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HEALTH behavior , *TYPE 2 diabetes , *DIASTOLIC blood pressure , *SEDENTARY behavior , *CHOLESTEROL content of food , *SYSTOLIC blood pressure - Abstract
Background: We aimed to identify clusters of health behaviors and study their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in adults at high risk for type 2 diabetes in India. Methods: Baseline data from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (n = 1000; age 30–60 years) were used for this study. Information on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, fruit and vegetable intake, sleep, and alcohol and tobacco use was collected using questionnaires. Blood pressure, waist circumference, 2‐h plasma glucose, high‐density lipoprotein and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured using standardized protocols. Latent class analysis was used to identify clusters of health behaviors, and multilevel mixed‐effects linear regression was employed to examine their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: Two classes were identified, with 87.4% of participants in class 1 and 12.6% in class 2. Participants in both classes had a high probability of not engaging in leisure‐time PA (0.80 for class 1; 0.73 for class 2) and consuming <5 servings of fruit and vegetables per day (0.70 for class 1; 0.63 for class 2). However, participants in class 1 had a lower probability of sitting for >=3 h per day (0.26 vs 0.42), tobacco use (0.10 vs 0.75), and alcohol use (0.08 vs 1.00) compared to those in class 2. Class 1 had a significantly lower mean systolic blood pressure (β = −3.70 mm Hg, 95% confidence interval [CI] −7.05, −0.36), diastolic blood pressure (β = −2.45 mm Hg, 95% CI −4.74, −0.16), and triglycerides (β = −0.81 mg/dL, 95% CI −0.75, −0.89). Conclusion: Implementing intervention strategies, tailored to cluster‐specific health behaviors, is required for the effective prevention of cardiometabolic disorders among high‐risk adults for type 2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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27. Test and Treat for Prediabetes: A Review of the Health Effects of Prediabetes and the Role of Screening and Prevention.
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Chakkalakal, Rosette J., Galaviz, Karla I., Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Shah, Megha K., and Narayan, K.M. Venkat
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PREDIABETIC state ,MEDICAL screening ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,BLOOD sugar - Abstract
The term prediabetes describes blood glucose levels above the normal range but below the threshold to diagnose type 2 diabetes. Several population health initiatives encourage a test and treat approach for prediabetes. In this approach, screening and identification of individuals with prediabetes should be followed by prompt referral to structured lifestyle modification programs or pharmacologic interventions that have been shown to prevent or delay the progression to type 2 diabetes in clinical trials. Here we provide a critical review of evidence for this test and treat approach by examining health outcomes associated with prediabetes and the availability and effectiveness of lifestyle modification approaches that target prediabetes. We also describe current limitations to the reach and uptake of evidence-based treatment options for prediabetes. Finally, we highlight lessons learned from identifying and labeling other preconditions to consider challenges and opportunities that may arise with increasing awareness of prediabetes as part of routine preventive care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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28. Effectiveness and implementation of a lifestyle modification intervention for women with isolated impaired fasting glucose: Study protocol for a hybrid type 2 study in Kerala, India [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
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Brian Oldenburg, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Elezebeth Mathews, Bhagieshwari Kodapally, Anjaly Joseph, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, KM Venkat Narayan, and Jissa Vinoda Thulaseedharan
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Prediabetes ,Isolated impaired fasting glucose ,Lifestyle modification ,Kerala ,Women ,RCT ,eng ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Background: Isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG) constitutes a major group in the prediabetic spectrum among Indians, and thus it is imperative to identify effective diabetes prevention strategies. This study aims to evaluate the effects of an intensive community-based lifestyle modification program on regression to normoglycemia among women with i-IFG, compared to a control group at 24 months. The study also aims to evaluate the implementation of the intervention, via both process and implementation outcomes. Methods: We will use a hybrid design (Effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 2 trial) to test the effectiveness and implementation of the lifestyle modification intervention. Effectiveness is evaluated using a randomized controlled trial among 950 overweight or obese women, aged 30 to 60 years, with i-IFG on an oral glucose tolerance test in the Indian state of Kerala. The intervention involves an intensive lifestyle modification program through group and individually mentored sessions using behavioural determinants and behavioural change techniques. The intervention group will receive the intervention for a period of 12 months and the control group will receive general health advice through a health education booklet. Data on behavioural, clinical, and biochemical measures will be collected using standard methods at 12 and 24 months. The primary outcome will be regression to normoglycemia at 24 months, as defined by the American Diabetes Association criteria. Discussion: This study will provide the first evidence on the effects of lifestyle interventions on regression to normoglycemia in people with i-IFG among Indians. CTRI registration: CTRI/2021/07/035289 (30/07/2021)
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- 2022
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29. Effectiveness of a School‐Based Educational Intervention to Improve Hypertension Control Among Schoolteachers: A Cluster‐Randomized Controlled Trial
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G. K. Mini, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Prabhakaran Sankara Sarma, and Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan
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educational intervention ,hypertension control ,India ,randomized controlled trial ,schoolteachers ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background The control of hypertension is low in low‐ and middle‐income countries like India. We evaluated the effects of a nurse‐facilitated educational intervention in improving the control rate of hypertension among school teachers in India. Methods and Results This was a cluster‐randomized controlled trial involving 92 schools in Kerala, which were randomly assigned equally into a usual care group and an intervention group. Participants were 402 school teachers (mean age, 47 years; men, 29%) identified with hypertension. Participants in both study groups received a leaflet containing details of a healthy lifestyle and the importance of regular intake of antihypertensive medication. In addition, the intervention participants received a nurse‐facilitated educational intervention on hypertension control for 3 months. The primary outcome was hypertension control. Key secondary outcomes included systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and the proportion of participants taking antihypertensive medications. For the primary outcome, we used mixed‐effects logistic regression models. Two months after a 3‐month educational intervention, a greater proportion of intervention participants (49.0%) achieved hypertension control than the usual care participants (38.2%), with an odds ratio of 1.89 (95% CI, 1.06–3.35), after adjusting for baseline hypertension control. The odds of taking antihypertensive medications were 1.6 times higher in the intervention group compared with the usual care group (odds ratio, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.08–2.45). The reduction in mean systolic blood pressure was significantly greater in the intervention group by 4.2 mm Hg (95% CI, −7.2 to −1.1) than in the usual care group. Conclusions A nurse‐facilitated educational intervention was effective in improving the control and treatment rates of hypertension as well as reducing systolic blood pressure among schoolteachers with hypertension. Registration URL: https://www.ctri.nic.in; Unique Identifier: CTRI/2018/01/011402.
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- 2022
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30. Comment on Rooney et al. Global Prevalence of Prediabetes. Diabetes Care 2023;46:1388–1394
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Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, primary
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- 2023
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31. Effects of lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular disease risk and risk factors in high-risk individuals for type 2 diabetes: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Preprint)
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Demissie, Getu Debalkie, primary, Birungi, Josephine, additional, Haregu, Tilahun, additional, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, additional, and Oldenburg, Brian, additional
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- 2023
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32. Strengthening Noncommunicable Disease Research Capacity and Chronic Disease Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries in South Asia : Implementation and Evaluation of the ASCEND Program
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Byrnes, Allison, Haregu, Tilahun Nigatu, Pasricha, Naanki, Singh, Kavita, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Wickkramasinghe, Kremlin, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, and Oldenburg, Brian
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- 2019
33. Cost-effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in high-risk individuals for diabetes in a low- and middle-income setting: Trial-based analysis of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program
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Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Brian Oldenburg, Kavumpurathu R. Thankappan, Pilvikki Absetz, Jonathan E. Shaw, Robyn J. Tapp, Paul Z. Zimmet, Sajitha Balachandran, Suman S. Shetty, Zahra Aziz, and Ajay Mahal
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Cost-effectiveness ,Cost-utility ,Diabetes ,Lifestyle intervention ,Prevention ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Data on the cost-effectiveness of lifestyle-based diabetes prevention programs are mostly from high-income countries, which cannot be extrapolated to low- and middle-income countries. We performed a trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis of a lifestyle intervention targeted at preventing diabetes in India. Methods The Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program was a cluster-randomized controlled trial of 1007 individuals conducted in 60 polling areas (electoral divisions) in Kerala state. Participants (30–60 years) were those with a high diabetes risk score and without diabetes on an oral glucose tolerance test. The intervention group received a 12-month peer-support lifestyle intervention involving 15 group sessions delivered in community settings by trained lay peer leaders. There were also linked community activities to sustain behavior change. The control group received a booklet on lifestyle change. Costs were estimated from the health system and societal perspectives, with 2018 as the reference year. Effectiveness was measured in terms of the number of diabetes cases prevented and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Three times India’s gross domestic product per capita (US$6108) was used as the cost-effectiveness threshold. The analyses were conducted with a 2-year time horizon. Costs and effects were discounted at 3% per annum. One-way and multi-way sensitivity analyses were performed. Results Baseline characteristics were similar in the two study groups. Over 2 years, the intervention resulted in an incremental health system cost of US$2.0 (intervention group: US$303.6; control group: US$301.6), incremental societal cost of US$6.2 (intervention group: US$367.8; control group: US$361.5), absolute risk reduction of 2.1%, and incremental QALYs of 0.04 per person. From a health system perspective, the cost per diabetes case prevented was US$95.2, and the cost per QALY gained was US$50.0. From a societal perspective, the corresponding figures were US$295.1 and US$155.0. For the number of diabetes cases prevented, the probability for the intervention to be cost-effective was 84.0% and 83.1% from the health system and societal perspectives, respectively. The corresponding figures for QALY gained were 99.1% and 97.8%. The results were robust to discounting and sensitivity analyses. Conclusions A community-based peer-support lifestyle intervention was cost-effective in individuals at high risk of developing diabetes in India over 2 years. Trial registration The trial was registered with Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ( ACTRN12611000262909 ). Registered 10 March 2011.
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- 2020
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34. A scoping review of non-communicable disease research capacity strengthening initiatives in low and middle-income countries
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Tilahun Nigatu Haregu, Allison Byrnes, Kavita Singh, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Naanki Pasricha, Kremlin Wickramasinghe, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, and Brian Oldenburg
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Non-communicable diseases ,Research capacity strengthening ,Low and middle-income countries ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction As the epidemic of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rapidly developing in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), the importance of local research capacity and the role of contextually relevant research in informing policy and practice is of paramount importance. In this regard, initiatives in research capacity strengthening (RCS) are very important. The aim of this study was to review and summarize NCD research capacity strengthening strategies that have been undertaken in LMICs. Methods Using both systematic and other literature search, we identified and reviewed NCD-RCS initiatives that have been implemented in LMICs and reported since 2000. Information was extracted from published papers and websites related to these initiatives using a semi-structured checklist. We extracted information on program design, stakeholders involved, and countries of focus, program duration, targeted researchers, disease focus, skill/capacity areas involved and sources of funding. The extracted information was refined through further review and then underwent a textual narrative synthesis. Results We identified a number of different strategies used by research capacity strengthening programs and in the majority of initiatives, a combination of approaches was utilized. Capacity strengthening and training approaches were variously adapted locally and tailored to fit with the identified needs of the targeted researchers and health professionals. Most initiatives focused on individual level capacity and not system level capacity, although some undoubtedly benefited the research and health systems of LMICs. For most initiatives, mid-term and long-term outcomes were not evaluated. Though these initiatives might have enhanced research capacity in the immediate term, the sustainability of the results in the long-term remains unknown. Conclusion Most of NCD-RCS initiatives in LMICs focused on building individual capacity and only a few focused explicitly on institutional level capacity strengthening. Though many of the initiatives appear to have had promising short-term outcomes, evidence on their long-term impact and sustainability is lacking.
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- 2019
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35. Conversational Agent for Healthy Lifestyle Behavior Change: Web-Based Feasibility Study
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Dhakshenya Ardhithy Dhinagaran, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, AiJia Soong, Yin-Leng Theng, James Best, and Lorainne Tudor Car
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Medicine - Abstract
BackgroundThe rising incidence of chronic diseases is a growing concern, especially in Singapore, which is one of the high-income countries with the highest prevalence of diabetes. Interventions that promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes have been proven to be effective in reducing the progression of prediabetes to diabetes, but their in-person delivery may not be feasible on a large scale. Novel technologies such as conversational agents are a potential alternative for delivering behavioral interventions that promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes to the public. ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using a conversational agent promoting healthy lifestyle behavior changes in the general population in Singapore. MethodsWe performed a web-based, single-arm feasibility study. The participants were recruited through Facebook over 4 weeks. The Facebook Messenger conversational agent was used to deliver the intervention. The conversations focused on diet, exercise, sleep, and stress and aimed to promote healthy lifestyle behavior changes and improve the participants’ knowledge of diabetes. Messages were sent to the participants four times a week (once for each of the 4 topics of focus) for 4 weeks. We assessed the feasibility of recruitment, defined as at least 75% (150/200) of our target sample of 200 participants in 4 weeks, as well as retention, defined as 33% (66/200) of the recruited sample completing the study. We also assessed the participants’ satisfaction with, and usability of, the conversational agent. In addition, we performed baseline and follow-up assessments of quality of life, diabetes knowledge and risk perception, diet, exercise, sleep, and stress. ResultsWe recruited 37.5% (75/200) of the target sample size in 1 month. Of the 75 eligible participants, 60 (80%) provided digital informed consent and completed baseline assessments. Of these 60 participants, 56 (93%) followed the study through till completion. Retention was high at 93% (56/60), along with engagement, denoted by 50% (30/60) of the participants communicating with the conversational agent at each interaction. Acceptability, usability, and satisfaction were generally high. Preliminary efficacy of the intervention showed no definitive improvements in health-related behavior. ConclusionsThe delivery of a conversational agent for healthy lifestyle behavior change through Facebook Messenger was feasible and acceptable. We were unable to recruit our planned sample solely using the free options in Facebook. However, participant retention and conversational agent engagement rates were high. Our findings provide important insights to inform the design of a future randomized controlled trial.
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- 2021
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36. Public Perceptions of Diabetes, Healthy Living, and Conversational Agents in Singapore: Needs Assessment
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Dhakshenya Ardhithy Dhinagaran, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Tobias Kowatsch, Konstadina Griva, James Donovan Best, and Lorainne Tudor Car
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Medicine - Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes is increasing in countries worldwide, including Singapore. Health professional–delivered healthy lifestyle interventions have been shown to prevent type 2 diabetes. However, ongoing personalized guidance from health professionals is not feasible or affordable at the population level. Novel digital interventions delivered using mobile technology, such as conversational agents, are a potential alternative for the delivery of healthy lifestyle change behavioral interventions to the public. ObjectiveWe explored perceptions and experiences of Singaporeans on healthy living, diabetes, and mobile health (mHealth) interventions (apps and conversational agents). This study was conducted to help inform the design and development of a conversational agent focusing on healthy lifestyle changes. MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in August and September 2019. A total of 20 participants were recruited from relevant healthy living Facebook pages and groups. Semistructured interviews were conducted in person or over the telephone using an interview guide. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed in parallel by 2 researchers using Burnard’s method, a structured approach for thematic content analysis. ResultsThe collected data were organized into 4 main themes: use of conversational agents, ubiquity of smartphone apps, understanding of diabetes, and barriers and facilitators to a healthy living in Singapore. Most participants used health-related mobile apps as well as conversational agents unrelated to health care. They provided diverse suggestions for future conversational agent-delivered interventions. Participants also highlighted several knowledge gaps in relation to diabetes and healthy living. Regarding barriers to healthy living, participants mentioned frequent dining out, high stress levels, lack of work-life balance, and lack of free time to engage in physical activity. In contrast, discipline, preplanning, and sticking to a routine were important for enabling a healthy lifestyle. ConclusionsParticipants in this study commonly used mHealth interventions and provided important insights into their knowledge gaps and needs in relation to changes in healthy lifestyle behaviors. Future digital interventions such as conversational agents focusing on healthy lifestyle and diabetes prevention should aim to address the barriers highlighted in our study and motivate individuals to adopt healthy lifestyle behavior.
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- 2021
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37. Factors Associated With Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control Among Adults in Kerala, India
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Yingting Cao, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Tilahun Haregu, Yu Wen, Gabrielli Thais de Mello, Nitin Kapoor, and Brian Oldenburg
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hypertension ,awareness ,treatment ,control ,risk factors ,longitudinal ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Hypertension, the most significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is an increasing contributor to global health burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India. While the rates of hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in India have been reported in several studies, the factors associated with these rates are less well-understood. Existing studies are predominantly cross-sectional, and the factors examined are limited. Understanding the predictors associated with these rates, using more rigorous study designs, is crucial for the development of strategies to improve hypertension management.Aims: To examine a range of factors associated with hypertension awareness, treatment, and control using both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.Methods: Data was derived from a population-based sample of 1,710 participants from Kerala, aged 30–60 years. We examined a comprehensive range of factors, including demographic, behavioral factors, anthropometric, clinical measures, psychosocial factors and healthcare utilization. Multilevel mixed effects logistic regression was used for both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses (repeated measures for all variables across 2 years) to determine the factors associated with awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension.Results: A total of 467 (27.3%) participants had hypertension at baseline. Among those, the rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 54.4, 25.5, and 36.4%, respectively. Being male (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.14–0.53) and consumption of alcohol (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.31–0.80) were significant predictors of poorly controlled hypertension (longitudinal analysis). Depression (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.15–3.61) and fair-to-poor self-perceived health status (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.15–3.04) were associated with increased hypertension awareness, whereas anxiety (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.04–3.71) was associated with increased hypertension treatment (cross-sectional analysis). Seeking outpatient service in the past 4 weeks was associated with higher awareness (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.27–2.87), treatment (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.20–2.50) and control (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.37–2.80) (longitudinal analysis).Conclusion: Our findings suggest the importance of considering psychosocial factors and better engagement with health services in hypertension management, as well as giving more attention to body fat control and largely male-related behaviors such as alcohol consumption, taking into account of some Indian specific attributes.
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- 2021
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38. Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017
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Burstein, Roy, Henry, Nathaniel J., Collison, Michael L., Marczak, Laurie B., Sligar, Amber, Watson, Stefanie, Marquez, Neal, Abbasalizad-Farhangi, Mahdieh, Abbasi, Masoumeh, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdoli, Amir, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abrigo, Michael R. M., Acharya, Dilaram, Adebayo, Oladimeji M., Adekanmbi, Victor, Adham, Davoud, Afshari, Mahdi, Aghaali, Mohammad, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadi, Mehdi, Ahmadpour, Ehsan, Ahmed, Rushdia, Akal, Chalachew Genet, Akinyemi, Joshua O., Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Noore, Alamene, Genet Melak, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Alinia, Cyrus, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Almalki, Mohammed J., Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M., Altirkawi, Khalid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amegah, Adeladza Kofi, Amini, Saeed, Amit, Arianna Maever Loreche, Anbari, Zohreh, Androudi, Sofia, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansari, Fereshteh, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Arabloo, Jalal, Arefi, Zohreh, Aremu, Olatunde, Armoon, Bahram, Arora, Amit, Artaman, Al, Asadi, Anvar, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Ashraf-Ganjouei, Amir, Assadi, Reza, Ataeinia, Bahar, Atre, Sachin R., Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Azari, Samad, Babaee, Ebrahim, Babazadeh, Arefeh, Badawi, Alaa, Bagheri, Soghra, Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba, Baheiraei, Nafiseh, Balouchi, Abbas, Barac, Aleksandra, Bassat, Quique, Baune, Bernhard T., Bayati, Mohsen, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Belay, Yared Belete, Bell, Brent, Bell, Michelle L., Berbada, Dessalegn Ajema, Bernstein, Robert S., Bhattacharjee, Natalia V., Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bijani, Ali, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Breitborde, Nicholas J. K., Britton, Gabrielle, Browne, Annie J., Nagaraja, Sharath Burugina, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A., Car, Josip, Cárdenas, Rosario, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Cerin, Ester, Chanie, Wagaye Fentahun, Chatterjee, Pranab, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Cooper, Cyrus, Costa, Vera M., Dalal, Koustuv, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Daoud, Farah, Daryani, Ahmad, Das Gupta, Rajat, Davis, Ian, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Deribe, Kebede, Desai, Rupak, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Desyibelew, Hanna Demelash, Dey, Sagnik, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Diaz, Daniel, Doshmangir, Leila, Duraes, Andre R., Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura, Earl, Lucas, Ebrahimi, Roya, Ebrahimpour, Soheil, Effiong, Andem, Eftekhari, Aziz, Ehsani-Chimeh, Elham, El Sayed, Iman, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El Tantawi, Maha, El-Khatib, Ziad, Emamian, Mohammad Hassan, Enany, Shymaa, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Eyawo, Oghenowede, Ezalarab, Maha, Faramarzi, Mahbobeh, Fareed, Mohammad, Faridnia, Roghiyeh, Faro, Andre, Fazaeli, Ali Akbar, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Fentahun, Netsanet, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, João C., Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya A., Foroutan, Masoud, Francis, Joel Msafiri, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Fullman, Nancy, Gallus, Silvano, Gebre, Destallem Gebremedhin, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gessner, Bradford D., Geta, Birhanu, Gething, Peter W., Ghadimi, Reza, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghajarzadeh, Mahsa, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K., Golding, Nick, Gomes, Nelson G. M., Gona, Philimon N., Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Graetz, Nicholas, Greaves, Felix, Green, Manfred S., Guo, Yuming, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian, Arya, Hall, Brian James, Hamidi, Samer, Haririan, Hamidreza, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasankhani, Milad, Hasanpoor, Edris, Hasanzadeh, Amir, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hegazy, Mohamed I., Hendrie, Delia, Heydarpour, Fatemeh, Hird, Thomas R., Hoang, Chi Linh, Hollerich, Gillian, Rad, Enayatollah Homaie, Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi, Mojtaba, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsairi, Mohamed, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Imani-Nasab, Mohammad Hasan, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Nazrul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jürisson, Mikk, Balalami, Nader Jafari, Jalali, Amir, Javidnia, Javad, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Ji, John S., Jobanputra, Yash B., Johnson, Kimberly, Jonas, Jost B., Shushtari, Zahra Jorjoran, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kabir, Ali, Kahsay, Amaha, Kalani, Hamed, Kalhor, Rohollah, Karami, Manoochehr, Karki, Surendra, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemp, Grant Rodgers, Khabiri, Roghayeh, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Junaid, Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Amir, Khater, Mona M., Khatony, Alireza, Khazaei, Mohammad, Khazaei, Salman, Khazaei-Pool, Maryam, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kianipour, Neda, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W., Kinyoki, Damaris K., Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kolola, Tufa, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A., Koyanagi, Ai, Kraemer, Moritz U. G., Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kris J., Kugbey, Nuworza, Kumar, G. Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kuupiel, Desmond, Lacey, Ben, Lad, Sheetal D., Lami, Faris Hasan, Larsson, Anders O., Lee, Paul H., Leili, Mostafa, Levine, Aubrey J., Li, Shanshan, Lim, Lee-Ling, Listl, Stefan, Longbottom, Joshua, Lopez, Jaifred Christian F., Lorkowski, Stefan, Magdeldin, Sameh, Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy, Abd El Razek, Muhammed Magdy, Majeed, Azeem, Maleki, Afshin, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mamun, Abdullah A., Manafi, Navid, Manda, Ana-Laura, Mansourian, Morteza, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Masaka, Anthony, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Maulik, Pallab K., Mayala, Benjamin K., Mazidi, Mohsen, McKee, Martin, Mehrotra, Ravi, Mehta, Kala M., Meles, Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G., Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miller, Ted R., Miller-Petrie, Molly K., Mills, Edward J., Milne, George J., Mini, G. K., Mir, Seyed Mostafa, Mirjalali, Hamed, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M., Mohamadi, Efat, Mohammad, Dara K., Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Mezerji, Naser Mohammad Gholi, Mohammed, Ammas Siraj, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H., Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moodley, Yoshan, Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moradi, Ghobad, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi, Yousef, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradinazar, Mehdi, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Mosapour, Abbas, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Muluneh, Atalay Goshu, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nabavizadeh, Behnam, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Nahvijou, Azin, Najafi, Farid, Nangia, Vinay, Ndwandwe, Duduzile Edith, Neamati, Nahid, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Ngunjiri, Josephine W., Thi Nguyen, Huong Lan, Nguyen, Long Hoang, Nguyen, Son Hoang, Nielsen, Katie R., Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Nixon, Molly R., Nnaji, Chukwudi A., Nojomi, Marzieh, Noroozi, Mehdi, Nosratnejad, Shirin, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Motlagh, Soraya Nouraei, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oladimeji, Kelechi E., Olagunju, Andrew T., Olfatifar, Meysam, Olum, Solomon, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike, Onwujekwe, Obinna E., Oren, Eyal, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris D. V., Ortiz, Alberto, Osarenotor, Osayomwanbo, Osei, Frank B., Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron E., Otstavnov, Stanislav S., Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo, P. A., Mahesh, Pagheh, Abdol Sattar, Pakhale, Smita, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pandey, Animika, Park, Eun-Kee, Parsian, Hadi, Pashaei, Tahereh, Patel, Sangram Kishor, Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino, Pereira, Alexandre, Perkins, Samantha, Pickering, Brandon V., Pilgrim, Thomas, Pirestani, Majid, Piroozi, Bakhtiar, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer, Pourjafar, Hadi, Puri, Parul, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quintana, Hedley, Rabiee, Mohammad, Rabiee, Navid, Radfar, Amir, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi, Zohreh, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahimzadeh, Shadi, Rajati, Fatemeh, Raju, Sree Bhushan, Ramezankhani, Azra, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rasella, Davide, Rashedi, Vahid, Rawal, Lal, Reiner Jr, Robert C., Renzaho, Andre M. N., Rezaei, Satar, Rezapour, Aziz, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Ana Isabel, Roever, Leonardo, Roro, Elias Merdassa, Roser, Max, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roshani, Daem, Rostami, Ali, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rubino, Salvatore, Sabour, Siamak, Sadat, Nafis, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Saeedi, Reza, Safari, Yahya, Safari-Faramani, Roya, Safdarian, Mahdi, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, Salam, Nasir, Salamati, Payman, Salehi, Farkhonde, Zahabi, Saleh Salehi, Salimi, Yahya, Salimzadeh, Hamideh, Salomon, Joshua A., Sambala, Evanson Zondani, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric Milicevic, Milena M., Jose, Bruno Piassi Sao, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Sathian, Brijesh, Saxena, Sonia, Sbarra, Alyssa N., Schaeffer, Lauren E., Schwebel, David C., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba, Shaahmadi, Faramarz, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamshirian, Amir, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Sharafi, Kiomars, Sharif, Mehdi, Sharif-Alhoseini, Mahdi, Sharifi, Hamid, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, Sheikh, Aziz, Shields, Chloe, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shiue, Ivy, Shuval, Kerem, Siddiqi, Tariq J., Silva, João Pedro, Singh, Jasvinder A., Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sisay, Malede Mequanent, Sisay, Solomon, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, David L., Somayaji, Ranjani, Soofi, Moslem, Soriano, Joan B., Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Sudaryanto, Agus, Sufiyan, Mu’awiyyah Babale, Sykes, Bryan L., Sylaja, P. N., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabb, Karen M., Tabuchi, Takahiro, Taveira, Nuno, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, To, Quyen G., Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ullah, Irfan, Usman, Muhammad Shariq, Uthman, Olalekan A., Vahedian-Azimi, Amir, Valdez, Pascual R., van Boven, Job F. M., Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasseghian, Yasser, Veisani, Yousef, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S., Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vos, Theo, Vu, Giang Thu, Vujcic, Isidora S., Waheed, Yasir, Wakefield, Jon, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Yafeng, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Ward, Joseph L., Weintraub, Robert G., Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Weldesamuel, Girmay Teklay, Westerman, Ronny, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wondafrash, Dawit Zewdu, Woyczynski, Lauren, Wu, Ai-Min, Xu, Gelin, Yadegar, Abbas, Yamada, Tomohide, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yilgwan, Christopher Sabo, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Lebni, Javad Yoosefi, Younis, Mustafa Z., Yousefifard, Mahmoud, Yousof, Hebat-Allah Salah A., Yu, Chuanhua, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, Zabeh, Erfan, Moghadam, Telma Zahirian, Bin Zaman, Sojib, Zamani, Mohammad, Zandian, Hamed, Zangeneh, Alireza, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Zhang, Yunquan, Ziapour, Arash, Zodpey, Sanjay, Murray, Christopher J. L., and Hay, Simon I.
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- 2019
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39. New-onset diabetes in COVID-19: An emerging threat to global health
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Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
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Specialties of internal medicine ,RC581-951 - Published
- 2022
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40. Repeatedly negative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in a clinically suspected case of COVID-19 in India
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Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Nitin Kapoor, Mary Chandrika Anton, and Kathiravan Rajamani
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Published
- 2022
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41. Are the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 Suitable for Use in India? A Psychometric Analysis
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Jeroen De Man, Pilvikki Absetz, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Allissa Desloge, Tilahun Haregu, Brian Oldenburg, Leslie C. M. Johnson, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, and Emily D. Williams
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Patient Health Questionnaire ,India ,measurement invariance ,depression ,generalized anxiety disorder assessment ,sum score reliability ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
BackgroundCross-cultural evidence on the factorial structure and invariance of the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7 is lacking for South Asia. Recommendations on the use of unit-weighted scores of these scales (the sum of items’ scores) are not well-founded. This study aims to address these contextual and methodological gaps using data from a rural Indian population.MethodsThe study surveyed 1,209 participants of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program aged 30–60 years (n at risk of diabetes = 1,007 and n with diabetes = 202). 1,007 participants were surveyed over 2 years using the PHQ-9 and the GAD-7. Bifactor-(S – 1) modeling and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis were used.ResultsFactor analysis supported the existence of a somatic and cognitive/affective subcomponent for both scales, but less explicitly for the GAD-7. Hierarchical omega values were 0.72 for the PHQ-9 and 0.76 for the GAD-7. Both scales showed full scalar invariance and full or partial residual invariance across age, gender, education, status of diabetes and over time. Effect sizes between categories measured by unit-weighted scores versus latent means followed a similar trend but were systematically higher for the latent means. For both disorders, female gender and lower education were associated with higher symptom severity scores, which corresponds with regional and global trends.ConclusionsFor both scales, psychometric properties were comparable to studies in western settings. Distinct clinical profiles (somatic-cognitive) were supported for depression, and to a lesser extent for anxiety. Unit-weighted scores of the full scales should be used with caution, while scoring subscales is not recommended. The stability of these scales supports their use and allows for meaningful comparison across tested subgroups.Clinical Trial RegistrationAustralia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12611000262909http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=336603&isReview=true.
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- 2021
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42. The relationship between common mental disorders and incident diabetes among participants in the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (K-DPP).
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Leslie C M Johnson, Allissa Desloge, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Emily D Williams, Pilvikki Absetz, Tilahun Haregu, Jeroen De Man, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, and Brian Oldenburg
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
This study aims to describe the prevalence of depression and anxiety among a population sample of people at high risk for type 2 diabetes in Kerala, India, and examine the relationship between depressive symptoms, anxiety, and incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) over a two-year period. We used data from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program, a cluster-randomized controlled trial for diabetes prevention among 1007 high-risk individuals. The prevalence of depression and anxiety were estimated using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, respectively. We calculated proportions for depression and anxiety and performed generalized estimating equations (GEE) to examine the relationship between baseline mental health status and incident T2DM. The prevalence of depression and anxiety at baseline were 7.5% and 5.5%, respectively. Compared with those reporting none/low symptoms, the odds ratio for incident diabetes was 1.07 (95% CI 0.54-2.12) for participants with moderate to severe depression and 0.73 (95% CI 0.23-2.28) for participants with moderate to severe anxiety, after adjusting for potential confounders. Our findings suggest that the prevalence of depression and anxiety were higher than those previously reported in the general population in India. However, among this sample of community-based adults at high risk of developing T2DM, the presence of moderate to severe depression and/or anxiety symptoms was not significantly associated with the risk of developing T2DM. Trial registration: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12611000262909. Registered 10 March 2011.
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- 2021
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43. Utilizing 1-hour post-load glucose for identifying individuals with isolated impaired fasting glucose
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Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish
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- 2024
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44. Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India
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Yingting Cao, Quan Huynh, Nitin Kapoor, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Gabrielli Thais de Mello, Brian Oldenburg, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, and Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
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principal component analysis ,elevated Hb1Ac ,central obesity ,multi-level mixed effects modeling ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 - Abstract
The association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors is not well understood among adults in India, particularly among those at high risk for diabetes. For this study, we analyzed the data of 1007 participants (age 30–60 years) from baseline and year one and two follow-ups from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program using multi-level mixed effects modelling. Dietary intake was measured using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: a “snack-fruit” pattern (highly loaded with fats and oils, snacks, and fruits) and a “rice-meat-refined wheat” pattern (highly loaded with meat, rice, and refined wheat). The “snack-fruit” pattern was associated with increased triglycerides (mg/dL) (β = 6.76, 95% CI 2.63–10.89), while the “rice-meat-refined wheat” pattern was associated with elevated Hb1Ac (percentage) (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.07) and central obesity (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01, 1.34). These findings may help inform designing dietary interventions for the prevention of diabetes and improving cardiometabolic risk factors in high-diabetes-risk individuals in the Indian setting.
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- 2022
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45. Mapping geographical inequalities in access to drinking water and sanitation facilities in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17
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Aniruddha Deshpande, Molly K Miller-Petrie, Paulina A Lindstedt, Mathew M Baumann, Kimberly B Johnson, Brigette F Blacker, Hedayat Abbastabar, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Ayenew Negesse Abejie, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Ahmed Abualhasan, Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi, Abdu A Adamu, Oladimeji M Adebayo, Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji, Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin, Victor Adekanmbi, Olatunji O Adetokunboh, Tara Ballav Adhikari, Mohsen Afarideh, Marcela Agudelo-Botero, Mehdi Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Anwar E Ahmed, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Ali S Akanda, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Samiah Alam, Noore Alam, Genet Melak Alamene, Turki M Alanzi, James Albright, Ammar Albujeer, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Animut Alebel, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Muhammad Ali, Mehran Alijanzadeh, Vahid Alipour, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Ali Almasi, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi, Khalid A Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Saeed Amini, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Gianna Gayle Herrera Amul, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Mina Anjomshoa, Ansariadi Ansariadi, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Benny Antony, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Jalal Arabloo, Hany Mohamed Amin Aref, Olatunde Aremu, Bahram Armoon, Amit Arora, Krishna K Aryal, Afsaneh Arzani, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Daniel Asmelash, Hagos Tasew Atalay, Seyyede Masoume Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Sachin R Atre, Marcel Ausloos, Shally Awasthi, Nefsu Awoke, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Getinet Ayano, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Samad Azari, Andrew S Azman, Ebrahim Babaee, Alaa Badawi, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Senthilkumar Balakrishnan, Maciej Banach, Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Aleksandra Barac, Miguel A Barboza, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Sanjay Basu, Vo Dinh Bay, Mohsen Bayati, Neeraj Bedi, Mahya Beheshti, Meysam Behzadifar, Masoud Behzadifar, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Michelle L Bell, Derrick A. 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El-Jaafary, Ziad El-Khatib, Hajer Elkout, Aisha Elsharkawy, Shymaa Enany, Daniel Adane Endalew, Babak Eshrati, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Arash Etemadi, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Mohammad Fareed, Andre Faro, Farshad Farzadfar, Alebachew Fasil Fasil, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Valery L. Feigin, Wubalem Fekadu, Netsanet Fentahun, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Carsten Flohr, Nataliya A. Foigt, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Masoud Foroutan, Richard Charles Franklin, Joseph Jon Frostad, Takeshi Fukumoto, Mohamed M Gad, Gregory M Garcia, Augustine Mwangi Gatotoh, Reta Tsegaye Gayesa, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Yilma Chisha Dea Geramo, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, Tiffany K Gill, Paramjit Singh Gill, Themba G Ginindza, Alem Girmay, Zemichael Gizaw, Amador Goodridge, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Bárbara Niegia Garcia Goulart, Alessandra C Goulart, Ayman Grada, Manfred S Green, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Harish Chander Gugnani, Davide Guido, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Yuming Guo, Rajeev Gupta, Rahul Gupta, Giang Hai Ha, Juanita A. Haagsma, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Dessalegn H Haile, Michael Tamene Haile, Brian J. Hall, Samer Hamidi, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Hamidreza Haririan, Ninuk Hariyani, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Md. Mehedi Hasan, Amir Hasanzadeh, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Desta Haftu Hayelom, Mohamed I Hegazy, Behzad Heibati, Behnam Heidari, Delia Hendrie, Andualem Henok, Claudiu Herteliu, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Hagos Degefa de Hidru, Thomas R Hird, Chi Linh Hoang, Gillian I Hollerich, Praveen Hoogar, Naznin Hossain, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mowafa Househ, Guoqing Hu, Ayesha Humayun, Syed Ather Hussain, Mamusha Aman A Hussen, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Milena D. Ilic, Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab, Usman Iqbal, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Rebecca Q Ivers, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Nader Jahanmehr, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Amir Jalali, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Ravi Prakash Jha, Vivekanand Jha, John S Ji, Jost B. Jonas, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Ali Kabir, Zubair Kabir, Tanuj Kanchan, André Karch, Surendra Karki, Amir Kasaeian, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Habtamu Kebebe Kasaye, Gebrehiwot G Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Gbenga A. Kayode, Mihiretu M Kebede, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Yousef Saleh Khader, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Nauman Khalid, Rovshan Khalilov, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khan, Khaled Khatab, Mona M Khater, Amir M Khater, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Mohammad Khazaei, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Jagdish Khubchandani, Ali Kiadaliri, Yun Jin Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Sezer Kisa, Adnan Kisa, Sonali Kochhar, Tufa Kolola, Hamidreza Komaki, Soewarta Kosen, Parvaiz A Koul, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Nuworza Kugbey, Pushpendra Kumar, G Anil Kumar, Manasi Kumar, Dian Kusuma, Carlo La Vecchia, Ben Lacey, Aparna Lal, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Hilton Lam, Faris Hasan Lami, Van Charles Lansingh, Savita Lasrado, Georgy Lebedev, Paul H Lee, Kate E LeGrand, Mostafa Leili, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Aubrey J Levine, Sonia Lewycka, Shanshan Li, Shai Linn, Shiwei Liu, Jaifred Christian F Lopez, Platon D Lopukhov, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, D.R. Mahadeshwara Prasad, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Narayan B. Mahotra, Azeem Majeed, Reza Malekzadeh, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Abdullah A Mamun, Navid Manafi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Chabila Christopher Mapoma, Gabriel Martinez, Santi Martini, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Manu Raj Mathur, Benjamin K Mayala, Mohsen Mazidi, Colm McAlinden, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Kala M Mehta, Teferi Mekonnen, Tefera Chane Mekonnen, Gebrekiros Gebremichael Meles, Hagazi Gebre Meles, Peter T N Memiah, Ziad A Memish, Walter Mendoza, Ritesh G Menezes, Seid Tiku Mereta, Tuomo J Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Workua Mekonnen Metekiya, Bartosz Miazgowski, Ted R Miller, GK Mini, Erkin M Mirrakhimov, Babak Moazen, Bahram Mohajer, Yousef Mohammad, Dara K. Mohammad, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Roghayeh Mohammadibakhsh, Shafiu Mohammed, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Hassen Mohammed, Farnam Mohebi, Ali H Mokdad, Yoshan Moodley, Masoud Moradi, Ghobad Moradi, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Paula Moraga, Linda Morales, Abbas Mosapour, Jonathan F. Mosser, Simin Mouodi, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Miliva Mozaffor, Sandra B Munro, Moses K. Muriithi, Christopher J L Murray, Kamarul Imran Musa, Ghulam Mustafa, Saravanan Muthupandian, Mehdi Naderi, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Mohsen Naghavi, Gurudatta Naik, Vinay Nangia, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Javad Nazari, Duduzile Edith Ndwandwe, Ionut Negoi, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Josephine W. 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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Summary: Background: Universal access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities is an essential human right, recognised in the Sustainable Development Goals as crucial for preventing disease and improving human wellbeing. Comprehensive, high-resolution estimates are important to inform progress towards achieving this goal. We aimed to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of access to drinking water and sanitation facilities. Methods: We used a Bayesian geostatistical model and data from 600 sources across more than 88 low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to estimate access to drinking water and sanitation facilities on continuous continent-wide surfaces from 2000 to 2017, and aggregated results to policy-relevant administrative units. We estimated mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subcategories of facilities for drinking water (piped water on or off premises, other improved facilities, unimproved, and surface water) and sanitation facilities (septic or sewer sanitation, other improved, unimproved, and open defecation) with use of ordinal regression. We also estimated the number of diarrhoeal deaths in children younger than 5 years attributed to unsafe facilities and estimated deaths that were averted by increased access to safe facilities in 2017, and analysed geographical inequality in access within LMICs. Findings: Across LMICs, access to both piped water and improved water overall increased between 2000 and 2017, with progress varying spatially. For piped water, the safest water facility type, access increased from 40·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 39·4–40·7) to 50·3% (50·0–50·5), but was lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, where access to piped water was mostly concentrated in urban centres. Access to both sewer or septic sanitation and improved sanitation overall also increased across all LMICs during the study period. For sewer or septic sanitation, access was 46·3% (95% UI 46·1–46·5) in 2017, compared with 28·7% (28·5–29·0) in 2000. Although some units improved access to the safest drinking water or sanitation facilities since 2000, a large absolute number of people continued to not have access in several units with high access to such facilities (>80%) in 2017. More than 253 000 people did not have access to sewer or septic sanitation facilities in the city of Harare, Zimbabwe, despite 88·6% (95% UI 87·2–89·7) access overall. Many units were able to transition from the least safe facilities in 2000 to safe facilities by 2017; for units in which populations primarily practised open defecation in 2000, 686 (95% UI 664–711) of the 1830 (1797–1863) units transitioned to the use of improved sanitation. Geographical disparities in access to improved water across units decreased in 76·1% (95% UI 71·6–80·7) of countries from 2000 to 2017, and in 53·9% (50·6–59·6) of countries for access to improved sanitation, but remained evident subnationally in most countries in 2017. Interpretation: Our estimates, combined with geospatial trends in diarrhoeal burden, identify where efforts to increase access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities are most needed. By highlighting areas with successful approaches or in need of targeted interventions, our estimates can enable precision public health to effectively progress towards universal access to safe water and sanitation. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
- Published
- 2020
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46. The global distribution of lymphatic filariasis, 2000–18: a geospatial analysis
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Aniruddha Deshpande, Molly K Miller-Petrie, Paulina A Lindstedt, Mathew M Baumann, Kimberly B Johnson, Brigette F Blacker, Hedayat Abbastabar, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Ayenew Negesse Abejie, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Ahmed Abualhasan, Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi, Abdu A Adamu, Oladimeji M Adebayo, Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji, Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin, Victor Adekanmbi, Olatunji O Adetokunboh, Tara Ballav Adhikari, Mohsen Afarideh, Marcela Agudelo-Botero, Mehdi Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Anwar E Ahmed, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Ali S Akanda, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Samiah Alam, Noore Alam, Genet Melak Alamene, Turki M Alanzi, James Albright, Ammar Albujeer, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Animut Alebel, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Muhammad Ali, Mehran Alijanzadeh, Vahid Alipour, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Ali Almasi, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi, Khalid A Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Saeed Amini, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Gianna Gayle Herrera Amul, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Mina Anjomshoa, Ansariadi Ansariadi, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Benny Antony, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Jalal Arabloo, Hany Mohamed Amin Aref, Olatunde Aremu, Bahram Armoon, Amit Arora, Krishna K Aryal, Afsaneh Arzani, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Daniel Asmelash, Hagos Tasew Atalay, Seyyede Masoume Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Sachin R Atre, Marcel Ausloos, Shally Awasthi, Nefsu Awoke, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Getinet Ayano, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Samad Azari, Andrew S Azman, Ebrahim Babaee, Alaa Badawi, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Senthilkumar Balakrishnan, Maciej Banach, Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Aleksandra Barac, Miguel A Barboza, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Sanjay Basu, Vo Dinh Bay, Mohsen Bayati, Neeraj Bedi, Mahya Beheshti, Meysam Behzadifar, Masoud Behzadifar, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Michelle L Bell, Derrick A. Bennett, Habib Benzian, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada, Robert S Bernstein, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Somayeh Bohlouli, Soufiane Boufous, Oliver J Brady, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Gabrielle B Britton, Alexandria Brown, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Zahid A Butt, Luis Alberto Cámera, Ismael R Campos-Nonato, Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon, Jorge Cano, Josip Car, Rosario Cárdenas, Felix Carvalho, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Franz Castro, Ester Cerin, Binaya Chalise, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Ken Lee Chin, Devasahayam J Christopher, Dinh-Toi Chu, Natalie Maria Cormier, Vera Marisa Costa, Elizabeth A Cromwell, Abel Fekadu Fekadu Dadi, Tukur Dahiru, Saad M A Dahlawi, Rakhi Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Anh Kim Dang, Farah Daoud, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Amira Hamed Darwish, Ahmad Daryani, Jai K Das, Rajat Das Gupta, Aditya Prasad Dash, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Nicole Davis Weaver, Fernando Pio De la Hoz, Jan-Walter De Neve, Dereje Bayissa Demissie, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Kebede Deribe, Assefa Desalew, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Preeti Dhillon, Meghnath Dhimal, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Daniel Diaz, Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu, Hoa Thi Do, Christiane Dolecek, Kerrie E Doyle, Eleonora Dubljanin, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Hisham Atan Edinur, Andem Effiong, Aziz Eftekhari, Nevine El Nahas, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Maha El Tantawi, Hala Rashad Elhabashy, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Ziad El-Khatib, Hajer Elkout, Aisha Elsharkawy, Shymaa Enany, Daniel Adane Endalew, Babak Eshrati, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Arash Etemadi, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Mohammad Fareed, Andre Faro, Farshad Farzadfar, Alebachew Fasil Fasil, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Valery L. Feigin, Wubalem Fekadu, Netsanet Fentahun, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Carsten Flohr, Nataliya A. Foigt, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Masoud Foroutan, Richard Charles Franklin, Joseph Jon Frostad, Takeshi Fukumoto, Mohamed M Gad, Gregory M Garcia, Augustine Mwangi Gatotoh, Reta Tsegaye Gayesa, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Yilma Chisha Dea Geramo, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, Tiffany K Gill, Paramjit Singh Gill, Themba G Ginindza, Alem Girmay, Zemichael Gizaw, Amador Goodridge, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Bárbara Niegia Garcia Goulart, Alessandra C Goulart, Ayman Grada, Manfred S Green, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Harish Chander Gugnani, Davide Guido, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Yuming Guo, Rajeev Gupta, Rahul Gupta, Giang Hai Ha, Juanita A. Haagsma, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Dessalegn H Haile, Michael Tamene Haile, Brian J. Hall, Samer Hamidi, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Hamidreza Haririan, Ninuk Hariyani, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Md. Mehedi Hasan, Amir Hasanzadeh, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Desta Haftu Hayelom, Mohamed I Hegazy, Behzad Heibati, Behnam Heidari, Delia Hendrie, Andualem Henok, Claudiu Herteliu, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Hagos Degefa de Hidru, Thomas R Hird, Chi Linh Hoang, Gillian I Hollerich, Praveen Hoogar, Naznin Hossain, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mowafa Househ, Guoqing Hu, Ayesha Humayun, Syed Ather Hussain, Mamusha Aman A Hussen, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Milena D. Ilic, Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab, Usman Iqbal, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Rebecca Q Ivers, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Nader Jahanmehr, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Amir Jalali, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Ravi Prakash Jha, Vivekanand Jha, John S Ji, Jost B. Jonas, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Ali Kabir, Zubair Kabir, Tanuj Kanchan, André Karch, Surendra Karki, Amir Kasaeian, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Habtamu Kebebe Kasaye, Gebrehiwot G Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Gbenga A. Kayode, Mihiretu M Kebede, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Yousef Saleh Khader, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Nauman Khalid, Rovshan Khalilov, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khan, Khaled Khatab, Mona M Khater, Amir M Khater, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Mohammad Khazaei, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Jagdish Khubchandani, Ali Kiadaliri, Yun Jin Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Sezer Kisa, Adnan Kisa, Sonali Kochhar, Tufa Kolola, Hamidreza Komaki, Soewarta Kosen, Parvaiz A Koul, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Nuworza Kugbey, Pushpendra Kumar, G Anil Kumar, Manasi Kumar, Dian Kusuma, Carlo La Vecchia, Ben Lacey, Aparna Lal, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Hilton Lam, Faris Hasan Lami, Van Charles Lansingh, Savita Lasrado, Georgy Lebedev, Paul H Lee, Kate E LeGrand, Mostafa Leili, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Aubrey J Levine, Sonia Lewycka, Shanshan Li, Shai Linn, Shiwei Liu, Jaifred Christian F Lopez, Platon D Lopukhov, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, D.R. 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Ngunjiri, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, QuynhAnh P Nguyen, Solomon Gedlu Nigatu, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Marzieh Nojomi, Ole F Norheim, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Bogdan Oancea, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, In-Hwan Oh, Andrew T Olagunju, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Obinna E Onwujekwe, Doris V. Ortega-Altamirano, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor, Frank B Osei, Mayowa O Owolabi, Mahesh P A, Jagadish Rao. 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Renzaho, Serge Resnikoff, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Jennifer Rickard, Leonardo Roever, Luca Ronfani, Enrico Rubagotti, Salvatore Rubino, Anas M Saad, Siamak Sabour, Ehsan Sadeghi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Yahya Safari, Rajesh Sagar, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Nasir Salam, Ahsan Saleem, Hosni Salem, Marwa Rashad Salem, Yahya Salimi, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Abdallah M Samy, Juan Sanabria, Itamar S Santos, Milena M. 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- Subjects
Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Summary: Background: Lymphatic filariasis is a neglected tropical disease that can cause permanent disability through disruption of the lymphatic system. This disease is caused by parasitic filarial worms that are transmitted by mosquitos. Mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelmintics is recommended by WHO to eliminate lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem. This study aims to produce the first geospatial estimates of the global prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection over time, to quantify progress towards elimination, and to identify geographical variation in distribution of infection. Methods: A global dataset of georeferenced surveyed locations was used to model annual 2000–18 lymphatic filariasis prevalence for 73 current or previously endemic countries. We applied Bayesian model-based geostatistics and time series methods to generate spatially continuous estimates of global all-age 2000–18 prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection mapped at a resolution of 5 km2 and aggregated to estimate total number of individuals infected. Findings: We used 14 927 datapoints to fit the geospatial models. An estimated 199 million total individuals (95% uncertainty interval 174–234 million) worldwide were infected with lymphatic filariasis in 2000, with totals for WHO regions ranging from 3·1 million (1·6–5·7 million) in the region of the Americas to 107 million (91–134 million) in the South-East Asia region. By 2018, an estimated 51 million individuals (43–63 million) were infected. Broad declines in prevalence are observed globally, but focal areas in Africa and southeast Asia remain less likely to have attained infection prevalence thresholds proposed to achieve local elimination. Interpretation: Although the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection has declined since 2000, MDA is still necessary across large populations in Africa and Asia. Our mapped estimates can be used to identify areas where the probability of meeting infection thresholds is low, and when coupled with large uncertainty in the predictions, indicate additional data collection or intervention might be warranted before MDA programmes cease. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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- 2020
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47. Mapping geographical inequalities in oral rehydration therapy coverage in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–17
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Pakhale, Sangram Kishor Patel, Angel J Paternina-Caicedo, Sr, Ashish Pathak, Sr, George C Patton, Deepak Paudel, Sr, Kebreab Paulos, Sr, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Alexandre Pereira, Norberto Perico, Aslam Pervaiz, Julia Moreira Pescarini, Bakhtiar Piroozi, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Maarten J Postma, Hadi Pourjafar, Farshad Pourmalek, Sr, Akram Pourshams, Hossein Poustchi, Sergio I Prada, Sr, Narayan Prasad, Liliana Preotescu, Hedley Quintana, Navid Rabiee, Amir Radfar, Alireza Rafiei, Fakher Rahim, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, SHAFIUR Rahman, Fatemeh Rajati, Sr, Saleem Muhammad Rana, Sr, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Davide Rasella, David Laith Rawaf, Salman Rawaf, Sr, Lal Rawal, Wasiq Faraz Rawasia, Vishnu Renjith, Andre M N Renzaho, Sr, Serge Resnikoff, Sr, Melese Abate Reta, Negar Rezaei, Mohammad sadegh Rezai, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Jennifer Rickard, Sr, Maria Rios-Blancas, Leonardo Roever, Luca Ronfani, Elias Merdassa Roro, Sr, Jennifer M Ross, Enrico Rubagotti, Salvatore Rubino, Anas M Saad, Yogesh Damodar Sabde, Siamak Sabour, Ehsan Sadeghi, Sr, Yahya Safari, Roya Safari-Faramani, Rajesh Sagar, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, S Mohammad Sajadi, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Nasir Salam, Sr, Payman Salamati, Hosni Salem, Marwa R Rashad Salem I, Yahya Salimi, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Abdallah M Samy, Juan Sanabria, Sr, Milena M Santric-Milicevic, Bruno Piassi Sao Jose, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Kaushik Sarkar, Sr, Abdur Razzaque Sarker, Nizal Sarrafzadegan I, Benn Sartorius, Brijesh Sathian, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Monika Sawhney, Sonia Saxena, Sr, David C Schwebel, Sr, Anbissa Muleta Senbeta IV, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Edson Serván-Mori, Sr, Hosein Shabaninejad, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Sr, Masood Ali Shaikh, Ali S Shalash, Sr, Seifadin Ahmed Shallo, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, MohammadBagher Shamsi, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Mohammed Shannawaz, Kiomars Sharafi, Hamid Sharifi, Hatem Samir Shehata, Sr, Aziz Sheikh, B Suresh Kumar Shetty, Sr, Kenji Shibuya, Sr, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Sr, Desalegn Markos Shifti, Mika Shigematsu, Jae Il Shin, Rahman Shiri, Sr, Reza Shirkoohi, Soraya Siabani, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Ambrish Singh, Jasvinder A Singh, Narinder Pal Singh, Virendra Singh, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Eirini Skiadaresi, Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh, Sr, Anton Sokhan, Shahin Soltani, Ranjani Somayaji, Moslem Soofi, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Sr, Ireneous N Soyiri, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Agus Sudaryanto, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Sr, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Marufa Sultana, Bruno Fokas Sunguya, Bryan L Sykes, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Takahiro Tabuchi, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Jr, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Aberash Abay Tasew, Yonatal Mesfin Tefera, Sr, Merhawi Gebremedhin Tekle, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Berhe Etsay Tesfay I, Fisaha Haile Haile Tesfay, Belay Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Nihal Thomas, Alemayehu Toma Toma, Sr, Roman Topor-Madry, Marcos Roberto Roberto Tovani-Palone, Eugenio Traini, Bach Xuan Tran, Khanh Bao Tran, Irfan Ullah, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Muhammad Shariq Usman, Sr, Benjamin S Chudi Uzochukwu, Sr, Pascual R Valdez, Santosh Varughese, Sr, Francesco S Violante, Sr, Sebastian Vollmer, Sr, Feleke Gebremeskel W/hawariat, Sr, Yasir Waheed, Mitchell Taylor Wallin, Yafeng Wang, Yuan-Pang Wang, Marcia Weaver, Bedilu Girma Weji, Girmay Teklay Weldesamuel, Catherine A Welgan, Andrea Werdecker, Ronny Westerman, Sr, Taweewat Wiangkham, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Sr, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Sr, Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Sr, Getasew Taddesse Worku, Sr, Ai-Min Wu, Gelin Xu, Ali Yadollahpour, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Tomohide Yamada, Sr, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Alex Yeshaneh, Christopher Sabo Yilgwan, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Paul Yip, Sr, Engida Yisma, Naohiro Yonemoto, Sr, Seok-Jun Yoon, Mustafa Z Younis, Mahmoud Yousefifard, Hebat-Allah Salah A Yousof, Chuanhua Yu, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Siddhesh Zadey, Zoubida Zaidi, Sojib Bin Zaman, Mohammad Zamani, Hamed Zandian, Nejimu Biza Zepro, Taddese Alemu Zerfu, Yunquan Zhang, Xiu-Ju George Zhao, Arash Ziapour, Sanjay Zodpey, Sr, Yves Miel H Zuniga, Simon I Hay, and Robert C Reiner, Jr
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Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Summary: Background: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a form of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for diarrhoea that has the potential to drastically reduce child mortality; yet, according to UNICEF estimates, less than half of children younger than 5 years with diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) received ORS in 2016. A variety of recommended home fluids (RHF) exist as alternative forms of ORT; however, it is unclear whether RHF prevent child mortality. Previous studies have shown considerable variation between countries in ORS and RHF use, but subnational variation is unknown. This study aims to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of relative and absolute coverage of ORS, RHF, and ORT (use of either ORS or RHF) in LMICs. Methods: We used a Bayesian geostatistical model including 15 spatial covariates and data from 385 household surveys across 94 LMICs to estimate annual proportions of children younger than 5 years of age with diarrhoea who received ORS or RHF (or both) on continuous continent-wide surfaces in 2000–17, and aggregated results to policy-relevant administrative units. Additionally, we analysed geographical inequality in coverage across administrative units and estimated the number of diarrhoeal deaths averted by increased coverage over the study period. Uncertainty in the mean coverage estimates was calculated by taking 250 draws from the posterior joint distribution of the model and creating uncertainty intervals (UIs) with the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles of those 250 draws. Findings: While ORS use among children with diarrhoea increased in some countries from 2000 to 2017, coverage remained below 50% in the majority (62·6%; 12 417 of 19 823) of second administrative-level units and an estimated 6 519 000 children (95% UI 5 254 000–7 733 000) with diarrhoea were not treated with any form of ORT in 2017. Increases in ORS use corresponded with declines in RHF in many locations, resulting in relatively constant overall ORT coverage from 2000 to 2017. Although ORS was uniformly distributed subnationally in some countries, within-country geographical inequalities persisted in others; 11 countries had at least a 50% difference in one of their units compared with the country mean. Increases in ORS use over time were correlated with declines in RHF use and in diarrhoeal mortality in many locations, and an estimated 52 230 diarrhoeal deaths (36 910–68 860) were averted by scaling up of ORS coverage between 2000 and 2017. Finally, we identified key subnational areas in Colombia, Nigeria, and Sudan as examples of where diarrhoeal mortality remains higher than average, while ORS coverage remains lower than average. Interpretation: To our knowledge, this study is the first to produce and map subnational estimates of ORS, RHF, and ORT coverage and attributable child diarrhoeal deaths across LMICs from 2000 to 2017, allowing for tracking progress over time. Our novel results, combined with detailed subnational estimates of diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality, can support subnational needs assessments aimed at furthering policy makers' understanding of within-country disparities. Over 50 years after the discovery that led to this simple, cheap, and life-saving therapy, large gains in reducing mortality could still be made by reducing geographical inequalities in ORS coverage. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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- 2020
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48. Obesity indicators that best predict type 2 diabetes in an Indian population: insights from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program
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Nitin Kapoor, Mojtaba Lotfaliany, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, K. R. Thankappan, Nihal Thomas, John Furler, Brian Oldenburg, and Robyn J. Tapp
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Obesity indicators ,Type 2 diabetes mellitus ,Visceral adiposity ,Thin–fat phenotype ,Normal-weight obesity ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Medicine - Abstract
Obesity indicators are known to predict the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, evidence for which indicator best identifies undiagnosed T2DM in the Indian population is still very limited. In the present study we examined the utility of different obesity indicators to identify the presence of undiagnosed T2DM and determined their appropriate cut point for each obesity measure. Individuals were recruited from the large-scale population-based Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program. Oral glucose tolerance tests was performed to diagnose T2DM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to compare the association of different obesity indicators with T2DM and to determine the optimal cut points for identifying T2DM. A total of 357 new cases of T2DM and 1352 individuals without diabetes were identified. The mean age of the study participants was 46⋅4 (sd 7⋅4) years and 62 % were men. Waist circumference (WC), waist:hip ratio (WHR), waist:height ratio (WHtR), BMI, body fat percentage and fat per square of height were found to be significantly higher (P < 0⋅001) among those with diabetes compared with individuals without diabetes. In addition, ROC for WHR (0⋅67; 95 % 0⋅59, 0⋅75), WHtR (0⋅66; 95 % 0⋅57, 0⋅75) and WC (0⋅64; 95 % 0⋅55, 0⋅73) were shown to better identify patients with T2DM. The proposed cut points with an optimal sensitivity and specificity for WHR, WHtR and WC were 0⋅96, 0⋅56 and 86 cm for men and 0⋅88, 0⋅54 and 83 cm for women, respectively. The present study has shown that WHR, WHtR and WC are better than other anthropometric measures for detecting T2DM in the Indian population. Their utility in clinical practice may better stratify at-risk patients in this population than BMI, which is widely used at present.
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- 2020
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49. Effectiveness of a scalable group-based education and monitoring program, delivered by health workers, to improve control of hypertension in rural India: A cluster randomised controlled trial.
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Dilan Giguruwa Gamage, Michaela A Riddell, Rohina Joshi, Kavumpurathu R Thankappan, Clara K Chow, Brian Oldenburg, Roger G Evans, Ajay S Mahal, Kartik Kalyanram, Kamakshi Kartik, Oduru Suresh, Nihal Thomas, Gomathyamma K Mini, Pallab K Maulik, Velandai K Srikanth, Simin Arabshahi, Ravi P Varma, Rama K Guggilla, Fabrizio D'Esposito, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Mohammed Alim, and Amanda G Thrift
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Medicine - Abstract
BACKGROUND:New methods are required to manage hypertension in resource-poor settings. We hypothesised that a community health worker (CHW)-led group-based education and monitoring intervention would improve control of blood pressure (BP). METHODS AND FINDINGS:We conducted a baseline community-based survey followed by a cluster randomised controlled trial of people with hypertension in 3 rural regions of South India, each at differing stages of epidemiological transition. Participants with hypertension, defined as BP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg or taking antihypertensive medication, were advised to visit a doctor. In each region, villages were randomly assigned to intervention or usual care (UC) in a 1:2 ratio. In intervention clusters, trained CHWs delivered a group-based intervention to people with hypertension. The program, conducted fortnightly for 3 months, included monitoring of BP, education about hypertension, and support for healthy lifestyle change. Outcomes were assessed approximately 2 months after completion of the intervention. The primary outcome was control of BP (BP < 140/90 mm Hg), analysed using mixed effects regression, clustered by village within region and adjusted for baseline control of hypertension (using intention-to-treat principles). Of 2,382 potentially eligible people, 637 from 5 intervention clusters and 1,097 from 10 UC clusters were recruited between November 2015 and April 2016, with follow-up occurring in 459 in the intervention group and 1,012 in UC. Mean age was 56.9 years (SD 13.7). Baseline BP was similar between groups. Control of BP improved from baseline to follow-up more in the intervention group (from 227 [49.5%] to 320 [69.7%] individuals) than in the UC group (from 528 [52.2%] to 624 [61.7%] individuals) (odds ratio [OR] 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1; P = 0.001). In secondary outcome analyses, there was a greater decline in systolic BP in the intervention than UC group (-5.0 mm Hg, 95% CI -7.1 to -3.0; P < 0.001) and a greater decline in diastolic BP (-2.1 mm Hg, 95% CI -3.6 to -0.6; P < 0.006), but no detectable difference in the use of BP-lowering medications between groups (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.8-1.9; P = 0.34). Similar results were found when using imputation analyses that included those lost to follow-up. Limitations include a relatively short follow-up period and use of outcome assessors who were not blinded to the group allocation. CONCLUSIONS:While the durability of the effect is uncertain, this trial provides evidence that a low-cost program using CHWs to deliver an education and monitoring intervention is effective in controlling BP and is potentially scalable in resource-poor settings globally. TRIAL REGISTRATION:The trial was registered with the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2016/02/006678).
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- 2020
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50. Prevalence of normal weight obesity and its associated cardio-metabolic risk factors - Results from the baseline data of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (KDPP).
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Nitin Kapoor, Mojtaba Lotfaliany, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Kavumpurathu R Thankappan, Nihal Thomas, John Furler, Brian Oldenburg, and Robyn J Tapp
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundCardiometabolic disorders are frequently observed among those who have obesity as measured by body mass index (BMI). However, there is limited data available on the cardiometabolic profile of those who are non-obese by BMI but with a high body fat percentage (BFP), a phenotype frequently observed in the Indian population. We examined the prevalence of individuals with normal weight obesity (NWO) and the cardiometabolic profile of NWO individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes(T2D) in a south Asian population.Material and methodsIn the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program, individuals aged between 30 to 60 years were screened using the Indian Diabetes Risk Score(IDRS) in 60 rural communities in the Indian state of Kerala. We used data from the baseline survey of this trial for this analysis which included 1147 eligible high diabetes risk individuals(IDRS >60). NWO was defined as BMI within the normal range and a high BFP (as per Asia-pacific ethnicity based cut-off); Non-obese (NO) as normal BMI and BFP and overtly obese (OB) as BMI ≥25 kg/m2 irrespective of the BFP. Data on demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics were collected using standardized questionnaires and protocols. Body fat percentage was assessed using TANITA body composition analyser (model SC330), based on bioelectrical impedance.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 47.3 ± 7.5 years and 46% were women. The proportion with NWO was 32% (n = 364; 95% CI: 29.1 to 34.5%), NO was 17% (n = 200) and OB was 51% (n = 583). Among those with NWO, 19.7% had T2D, compared to 18.7% of those who were OB (p value = 0.45) and 8% with NO (p value = 0.003). Among those with NWO, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 129 ± 20; 78 ± 12 mmHg, compared to 127 ± 17; 78±11 mmHg among those with OB (p value = 0.12;0.94) and 120 ± 16; 71±10 mmHg among with NO (p valueConclusionsAlmost one-third of this South Asian population, at high risk for T2D, had normal weight obesity. The significantly higher cardiometabolic risk associated with increased adiposity even in lower BMI individuals has important implications for recognition in clinical practice.
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- 2020
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