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Six pyrophosphate analogues are prepared from zerumbone, murrayafoline A, acridone, and 4-hydroxycoumarin via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. Their in vitro cytotoxic activity is evaluated against HepG2, LU-1, and HeLa cancer cell lines. Among them, diisopropyl ((ethoxy((4-((1-methoxy-3-methyl-9 H-carbazol-9-yl)methyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)phosphoryl)methyl)phosphonate (6a) and diisopropyl ((ethoxy((4-(((3-methyl-9 H-carbazol-1-yl)oxy)methyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)phosphoryl)methyl)phosphonate (6b) are found to show activity against HepG2, LU-1, and HeLa cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 7.31 to 17.88 μM.

Abelmoschus sagittifolius belongs to the Abelmoschus genus, Malvaceae family. Chemical study on the aerial parts of Abelmoschus sagittifolius collected in Vinh Hung commune, Vinh Loc district, Thanh Hoa province have led to the isolation of six compounds including sitostenone (1), friedelin (2), vomifoliol (3), vanilic acid (4), ketopinoresinol (5) and daucosterol (6). The structures of these compounds have been elucidated by NMR, MS spectroscopic data and comparison with the reported literatures. Compounds 1-2 and 4-5 were isolated for the first time from Abelmoschus sagittifolius.

Background Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by skin fragility leading to trauma‐induced subepidermal blisters and healing with scarring. DEB is caused by mutations in COL7A1, the gene encoding for type VII collagen (COLVII). The DEB inheritance trait is divided into dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DDEB) and recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). Methods Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed for identifying mutations in six affected individuals of five Vietnamese families. Results Three novel variants in total of eight variants were found in five families. The first novel variant causing glycine substitution (c.8279G>A, p.G2760E), the remaining two novel variants resulted in splice site affecting (c.4518+2delT and c.5821‐2A>G). Functional analysis indicated that the splice site at c.4518+2delT resulted in a skipping of exon 43, leading to an in‐frame deletion of 12 amino acids. Conclusion Our finding expands the spectrum of COL7A1 mutations and reports altered splicing at c.4518+2delT during the processing of the pre‐mRNA. This study provides an additional scientific basis for diagnosis, genetic counseling, and prognosis purposes of EB patients., Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by skin fragility leading to trauma‐induced subepidermal blisters and healing with scarring. DEB is caused by mutations in COL7A1, the gene encoding for type VII collagen (COLVII). Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed for identification of mutations in six affected individuals of five Vietnamese families. Three novel variants out of eight variants were found in five families.

Mở đầu: Lợi ích của sữa mẹ đã được chứng minh là an toàn, đầy đủ chất dinh dưỡng, dễ hấp thu và tiêu hóa, cung cấp kháng thể cho trẻ và phòng ngừa bệnh tật cho mẹ. Theo UNICEF (2013), hằng năm khoảng 1,3 triệu trẻ tử vong vì không được nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ trong 6 tháng đầu. Mục tiêu: 1)Xác định tỷ lệ cho con bú sau sinh; 2) Đánh giá kiến thức, thái độ và thực hành cho con bú ở các bà mẹ sinh ngã âm đạo tại Khoa Hậu Sản – Bệnh viện Hùng Vương. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang kết hợp phỏng vấn và quan sát bằng bảng kiểm trên 1771 bà mẹ. Kết quả: Độ tuổi trung bình của các bà mẹ là 27,69 (SD=4,96). Tỉ lệ chung có cho bú mẹ sau sinh là 100%. Có 56,63 % các bà mẹ cho con bú trong vòng 1 giờ sau sinh và bú sữa mẹ hoàn toàn sau sinh trong thời gian ở bệnh viện là 28,46%. Tỉ lệ bà mẹ có kiến thức khá chiếm tỉ lệ 75,15%. Tỉ lệ về thái độ tích cực NCBSM là 38,74%. Tỉ lệ thực hành nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ đạt tỉ lệ khá 51,1%. Kết luận: Mặc dù tỷ lệ các bà mẹ có kiến thức tương đối cao, tuy nhiên tỷ lệ các bà mẹ thực hành cho con bú sau sinh sớm trong 1 giờ đầu, bú mẹ hoàn toàn trong thời gian nằm bệnh viện, thực hành nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ đúng và thái độ tích cực cho con bú mẹ còn thấp. Kiến nghị: Cần tăng cường hướng dẫn và tư vấn cho các bà mẹ về lợi ích và phương pháp nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ trong thời gian hậu sản tại Bệnh viện.

Dysoxylum tpongense Pierre (local name ‘Huynh Dan Bap’) belonging to family Meliaceae, is a tree (3–10 m height), distributed in the mountainous areas (ca. 1000 m a.s.l.) in North Vietnam. From the dichloromethane fraction of the methanol extract of the leaves and stems of this plant, six dammarane triterpenes, one furanoid diterpene together with three sterols were isolated. Evaluation of biological activities of isolated compounds showed that cabraleahydroxylactone (5), cabraleahydroxylactone 3-acetate (6), and stigmast-4-en-3-one (10) possessed an anti-inflammatory effect against Liver X receptor (LXR) activation in HepG2 cell line model with IC50 values of 20.29 ± 3.69, 24.32 ± 2.99, and 7.09 ± 0.97 (μM), respectively. While three other triterpenoid compounds aglinin C 3- acetate (1), aglinin C (2), and 24-epi-cabraleadiol (4) presented the most significant inhibitory effect against TNF-α induced NF-κB activation in HepG2 cell line in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 12.45 ± 2.37, 23.32 ± 3.25, and 13.95 ± 1.57 μM, respectively. As stigmast-4-en-3-one (10), with structure closely similar to cholesterol, acted selectively on LXRs but not on NF-kB activation pathway, this suggests that stigmast-4-en-3-one (10) can be potentially applied as an agonist on LXR signaling pathway. Pathways LXRs-NF-κB-iNOS expression have a close relationship and play a crucial role in proceeding metabolic abnormalities like atherosclerosis, obesity, inflammation, etc. Thus, the findings showed that dammarane-type triterpenoids from D. tpongense are worthy of further investigation for potential LXR agonists and potent anti-atherogenic agents against atherosclerotic lesion progression.

In the carnivorous plant genus Genlisea a unique lobster pot trapping mechanism supplements nutrition in nutrient-poor habitats. A wide spectrum of microbes frequently occurs in Genlisea’s leaf-derived traps without clear relevance for Genlisea carnivory. We sequenced the metatranscriptomes of subterrestrial traps versus the aerial chlorophyll-containing leaves of G. nigrocaulis and of G. hispidula. Ribosomal RNA assignment revealed soil-borne microbial diversity in Genlisea traps, with 92 genera of 19 phyla present in more than one sample. Microbes from 16 of these phyla including proteobacteria, green algae, amoebozoa, fungi, ciliates and metazoans, contributed additionally short-lived mRNA to the metatranscriptome. Furthermore, transcripts of 438 members of hydrolases (e.g. proteases, phosphatases, lipases), mainly resembling those of metazoans, ciliates and green algae, were found. Compared to aerial leaves, Genlisea traps displayed a transcriptional up-regulation of endogenous NADH oxidases generating reactive oxygen species as well as of acid phosphatases for prey digestion. A leaf-versus-trap transcriptome comparison reflects that carnivory provides inorganic P- and different forms of N-compounds (ammonium, nitrate, amino acid, oligopeptides) and implies the need to protect trap cells against oxidative stress. The analysis elucidates a complex food web inside the Genlisea traps, and suggests ecological relationships between this plant genus and its entrapped microbiome.

We present the synthesis of AgCl/Ag and investigate its structural and optical properties as well as applying this product to the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB). The significant result is to almost photodegrade MB after 120 mins under visible light. The development of such photocatalysts may be considered a breakthrough in large-scale utilization of solar energy towards environmental needs. The technology for preparing AgCl/Ag was elaborated. The product can be recycled after use.