Search

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting Vietnamese consumers' intention and behavior towards “bringing your own shopping bags” (BYOB) instead of using plastic bags based on the theory of interpersonal behavior (TIB).Design/methodology/approachWe used a combination of in-depth interview and large-scale survey methods with the official research sample of 536 Vietnamese consumers to explore the relationship among factors in the research model including: attitude, affect, social factor, facilitating conditions, intention and behavior towards BYOB instead of using plastic bags. The collected data went through quantitative analysis steps including Cronbach's Alpha reliability test, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) for scales and hypotheses testing.FindingsThe results show that intention towards BYOB has a positive effect on consumers' behavior towards BYOB. Facilitating conditions have a stronger and more positive influence than attitude and affect intention towards BYOB. Meanwhile, the hypothesis about the relationship between social factors and intention towards BYOB was rejected by this study.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this paper is that the findings of the present study are limited to elements of the TIB.Practical implicationsBased on the results of the study, we made some suggestions for state management agencies and retailers to promote intention and behavior towards BYOB instead of using plastic bags.Originality/valueThis study applies the TIB to understand the relationship between factors such as attitude, affect, social factors and facilitating conditions on intention and behavior towards BYOB instead of using plastic bags.

Purpose This study aims to answer two questions: do self-efficacy and outcome expectations serial mediate the effect of entrepreneurial education (EE) on the intention to start a business? and how can the social cognitive career theory explain entrepreneurial intention (EI)? Design/methodology/approach This study is based on the social cognitive career theory to examine the effect of EE on start-up intention via self-efficacy and outcome expectations by a serial mediation model. A sample of 1,232 students in Vietnam and the structural equal modelling method was used to test the hypotheses. Findings The results of this study reveal that entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) significantly mediates the effect of EE on the intention to start a business. Similarly, entrepreneurial outcome expectations (EOEs) mediate the association between EE and EI. Especially, the results of serial mediation analysis show that ESE and EOEs serially mediate the EE–intention relationship. Originality/value Under a new perspective of social cognitive career theory, the current study is expected to contribute to clarifying the gap in the relationship between EE and EI. In addition, this study also contributes to investigating the antecedents of ESE and outcome expectations and providing empirical evidence supporting the relevance of social cognitive career theory in explaining EI.

There has been considerable interest in commercializing fruits of Garcinia humilis due to its pleasant taste and nutritional quality. However, the industrial processing of the fruit generates the peel as waste and this study focussed on upcycling of the peel for its anti-melanoma activity at different extraction conditions (24 °C and 37 °C for 24 h, and 70 °C for 1 h). Although the extraction yield was highest at 70 °C, the phenolics and flavonoids extracted, and anti-cancer activity was highest when extracted at 37 °C. Polyphenolic compounds including epicatechin, procyanidins, mangostanol, and gamma-mangostin were tentatively identified based on LC-Orbitrap MS/MS analysis. These extracts showed dose-dependent anti-melanoma activity on MM418C1 (BRAF mutated oncogene) and D24 (wild type BRAF oncogene) cells with IC50 in the range of 130–200 μg/mL and 122–176 μg/mL. Furthermore, the extracts had little effect on control fibroblast cells, indicating selective activity on cancer cells, and displayed morphological changes indicative of apoptosis. Although these extracts were 10 fold less effective compared to anti-cancer drug controls, cisplatin and vemurafenib, the moderate anti-cancer activity of Garcinia peel provides future opportunities for upcycling of this discarded waste as a functional food ingredient.

Human milk is considered the most advantageous source of nourishment for infants. Even though there is no ideal composition of human milk, it still contains a unique combination of components that contribute to brain development. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the possible correlation of human milk with the neurodevelopment of infants, with a special emphasis on myelination and epigenetic modifications. Research in human milk is a rapidly expanding field and cutting-edge technologies might contribute to identify specific mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects on human milk on neurodevelopment.

It is critical to quantitatively analyse the developing human fetal brain in order to fully understand neurodevelopment in both normal fetuses and those with congenital disorders. To facilitate this analysis, automatic multi-tissue fetal brain segmentation algorithms are needed, which in turn requires open datasets of segmented fetal brains. Here we introduce a publicly available dataset of 50 manually segmented pathological and non-pathological fetal magnetic resonance brain volume reconstructions across a range of gestational ages (20 to 33 weeks) into 7 different tissue categories (external cerebrospinal fluid, grey matter, white matter, ventricles, cerebellum, deep grey matter, brainstem/spinal cord). In addition, we quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of several automatic multi-tissue segmentation algorithms of the developing human fetal brain. Four research groups participated, submitting a total of 10 algorithms, demonstrating the benefits the dataset for the development of automatic algorithms., Scientific Data, 8 (1), ISSN:2052-4463

This paper presents a survey dataset on factors influencing farmers' intention to produce organic farming in Hanoi, Vietnam. The survey was designed based on the theoretical integration model of theory of planned behavior (TPB) and norm activation model (NAM) including 7 factors, 33 items inherited from previous studies to collect information of the respondents and 5 other items used to find out the respondent's characteristic include: gender, age, educational qualification, farming experience and farming annual income. Questionnaires were sent directly to farmers at their home or farm in October 2019. 318 valid questionnaires were collected for the study of intentions for organic farming. The dataset was obtained as a reference source for later studies on organic farming development and organic farming production intent/behavior promotion.

Self-touch is considered important for bodily self-consciousness and self-other distinction and has been reported to improve clinical symptoms of disembodiment. To investigate the link between self-touch and disembodiment in healthy participants, we studied the effect of self-touch versus touch produced by another person (other-touch) on experimentally induced disembodiment. In a mixed reality paradigm, across two experiments, participants could see their own body and surroundings with a controllable visual delay and either stroked their own hand with a paintbrush or were stroked with it by the experimenter. Experiment 1 first assessed the sensitivity to temporal multimodal mismatches and delay-induced changes in the sense of body ownership in three conditions, namely self-touch, other-touch and hidden-self-touch (visually occluding the touching hand). In a second block, we compared phenomenological and physiological (threat response) measures of disembodiment between the self-touch and other-touch conditions. Experiment 2 roughly replicated the first block of Experiment 1 but included a condition in which participants performed the self-touch gesture without touching their hand. Such experiment attempted to control for the potential role of efferent signals. Our results show that increasing visual delay generally enhances the feeling of disembodiment, yet the decrease of body ownership is less pronounced during self-touch. For sensitivity to delay between conditions, however, diverging findings are discussed. This study provides evidence for the importance of self-touch in sustaining a healthy sense of body in the context of disembodiment.

Background In utero intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging (IVIM-MRI) provides a novel method for examining microvascular perfusion fraction and diffusion in the developing human fetus. Purpose To characterize gestational changes in the microvascular perfusion fraction of the placenta, fetal liver, and lungs using IVIM-MRI. Study type Retrospective, cross-sectional study. Subjects Fifty-five datasets from 33 singleton pregnancies were acquired (17-36 gestational weeks). Field strength/sequence In utero diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging at 1.5T and 3.0T with b-factors ranging from 0 to 900 s/mm2 in 16 steps. Assessment Using the IVIM principle, microvascular perfusion fraction (f), pseudodiffusion (D*), and diffusion coefficients (d) were estimated for the placenta, liver, and lungs with a biexponential model. A free-form nonlinear deformation algorithm was used to correct for the frame-by-frame motion of the fetal organs and the placenta. The IVIM parameters were then compared to a Doppler ultrasound-based assessment of the umbilical artery resistance index. Statistical tests Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PMCC) to reveal outlier corrected correlations between Doppler and IVIM parameters. Gestational age-related changes were assessed using linear regression analysis (LR). Results Placental f (0.29 ± 0.08) indicates high blood volume in the microvascular compartment, moderately increased during gestation (LR, R = 0.338), and correlated negatively with the umbilical artery resistance index (PMCC, R = -0.457). The f of the liver decreased sharply during gestation (LR, R = -0.436). Lung maturation was characterized by increasing perfusion fraction (LR, R = 0.547), and we found no gestational changes in d and D* values (LR, R = -0.013 and R = 0.051, respectively). The Doppler measurements of the umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery did not correlate with the IVIM parameters of the lungs and liver. Data conclusion Gestational age-associated changes of the placental, liver, and lung IVIM parameters likely reflect changes in placental and fetal circulation, and characterize the trajectory of microstructural and functional maturation of the fetal vasculature. Level of evidence 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017.

AimTo analyse the association between early aEEG and cognitive outcome at early school-age in very preterm infants.MethodsProspective cohort study including infants with gestational age (GA) ResultsAmong 118 monitored preterm children, 89 were assessed at median(IQR) corrected age of 68.6 months (65.5-71.2) [48% female, median(IQR) GA 29.9(28.2,30.9) weeks, mean(SD) birth weight 1235(363) grams]. Mean(SD) IQ was 97.8(12.7). IQConclusionIn this cohort of very preterm infants, early short-term aEEG was not predictive of later cognitive outcome. Further research is needed to explore how aEEG could help to inform long-term prognosis in this population group.Key notesPreterm born infants are at high risk for neurodevelopmental impairment.Early amplitude integrated electroencephalography characteristics are univariately associated with cognitive outcome at 5 years of age in preterm born children.However, socioeconomic factors and neonatal morbidity were stronger predictors of long-term neurodevelopmental outcome than early aEEG measures.

AIM We investigated the association between early amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) and cognitive outcome in very preterm infants at early school-age. METHODS This prospective cohort study, conducted in the Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland, from 2009-2012, comprised infants born at less than 32 weeks of gestation, who underwent continuous aEEG recording during the first four days of life. Cognitive outcome was assessed with the Kaufman-Assessment Battery for Children at five years. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were calculated between aEEG parameters and normal cognitive outcome, defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) of at least 85. RESULTS The 118 (52.5% male) infants were born at a mean gestational age of 29.9 weeks and a mean birth weight of 1,235 ±363 grams. We followed up 89 children at the age of five and they had a mean IQ of 97.8 ±12.7 with 21.3% under 85 - and 2.2% had cerebral palsy. Univariate analyses found associations between aEEG measures and normal cognitive outcome, but these were no longer significant after adjustment for confounders. Socioeconomic status and neonatal morbidity were independent predictors of cognitive outcome. CONCLUSION Early short-term aEEG did not predict later cognitive outcome in our cohort of very preterm infants. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Introduction: Recently published neoadjuvant breast cancer therapy trials have documented impressive pathologic complete response (pCR) rates of up to 50% and above, depending on grade, hormone receptor and HER2 status and type of therapy. The purpose of our prospective study is to examine the predictive value of a standardized vacuum assisted core-needle biopsy (VAB) of the tumor site after neoadjuvant therapy with respect to pCR status. This is a presentation of the first case series of this single institution study. Methods: As of 2011, all patients who had completed neoadjuvant breast cancer therapy at our institution were informed about this trial regardless of their clinical response status. In case of consent, a mammography-guided VAB of the initially tagged tumor site was performed directly before the operation. In case of breast conserving surgery, mammographic wire localisation was performed immediately thereafter. Final surgery (breast conservation or mastectomy) was performed according to German guidelines. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board. Pathologic complete response was defined as ypT0 ypN0. Results: Of 70 patients completing neoadjuvant therapy, 44 consented to the trial. The pCR rate was 47% (n=21). Pre-operative VAB correctly predicted residual disease in 19 of 23 cases (82,6%). We observed incorrect prediction of pathologic response if the tagging clip was not placed centrally, or if the radiologist did not perform the VAB in the tagged area. In 3 cases of pathologic partial response (pPR), all residual tumor (DCIS) was removed by VAB. In these cases, no further malignant lesions were detected in the resulting surgical specimens. Conclusions: Preliminary observations of this ongoing study are encouraging, although the correct prediction rate of residual disease is nowhere near the sensitivity needed to change clinical practice. However, if these results can be improved and confirmed in a larger series, it may be possible to reduce operative procedures after neoadjuvant therapy based on the results of a preoperative standardized VAB. Citation Format: Regina Grosse, Jana Saegenschnitter, Thi-Dao Nguyen, Susanne Unverzagt, Joerg Buchmann, Eva J Kantelhardt, Nancy Papendick, Christoph Thomssen. Vacuum assisted core-needle biopsy after neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer to predict pathologic response [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-11-12.

In utero intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging (IVIM-MRI) provides a novel method for examining microvascular perfusion fraction and diffusion in the developing human fetus.To characterize gestational changes in the microvascular perfusion fraction of the placenta, fetal liver, and lungs using IVIM-MRI.Retrospective, cross-sectional study.Fifty-five datasets from 33 singleton pregnancies were acquired (17-36 gestational weeks).In utero diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging at 1.5T and 3.0T with b-factors ranging from 0 to 900 s/mmUsing the IVIM principle, microvascular perfusion fraction (f), pseudodiffusion (D*), and diffusion coefficients (d) were estimated for the placenta, liver, and lungs with a biexponential model. A free-form nonlinear deformation algorithm was used to correct for the frame-by-frame motion of the fetal organs and the placenta. The IVIM parameters were then compared to a Doppler ultrasound-based assessment of the umbilical artery resistance index.Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (PMCC) to reveal outlier corrected correlations between Doppler and IVIM parameters. Gestational age-related changes were assessed using linear regression analysis (LR).Placental f (0.29 ± 0.08) indicates high blood volume in the microvascular compartment, moderately increased during gestation (LR, R = 0.338), and correlated negatively with the umbilical artery resistance index (PMCC, R = -0.457). The f of the liver decreased sharply during gestation (LR, R = -0.436). Lung maturation was characterized by increasing perfusion fraction (LR, R = 0.547), and we found no gestational changes in d and D* values (LR, R = -0.013 and R = 0.051, respectively). The Doppler measurements of the umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery did not correlate with the IVIM parameters of the lungs and liver.Gestational age-associated changes of the placental, liver, and lung IVIM parameters likely reflect changes in placental and fetal circulation, and characterize the trajectory of microstructural and functional maturation of the fetal vasculature.2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017.

Various titanium coupling elements, Vibroplasty Couplers, maintaining the attachment of the Floating Mass Transducer (FMT) of the active middle ear implant Vibrant Soundbridge (VSB) to the round window, the stapes suprastructure or the stapes footplate are in use to optimally transfer energy from the FMT to the inner ear fluids. In certain cases it is of interest to radiologically verify the correct position of the FMT coupler assembly. The imaging appearance of FMT connected to these couplers, however, is not well known. The aim of this study was to present the radiological appearance of correctly positioned Vibroplasty Couplers together with the FMT using two different imaging techniques. Vibroplasty Couplers were attached to the FMT of a Vibrant Soundbridge and implanted in formalin fixed human temporal bones. Five FMT coupler assemblies were implanted in different positions: conventionally to the incus, a Bell-Coupler, a CliP-Coupler, a Round Window-Coupler and an Oval Window-Coupler. High spatial resolution imaging with Multi-Detector CT (MDCT) and Cone Beam CT (CBCT) was performed in each specimen. Images were blind evaluated by two radiologists on a visual basis. Middle ear details, identification of FMT and coupler, position of FMT coupler assembly and artefacts were assessed. CBCT showed a better spatial resolution and a higher visual image quality than MDCT, but there was no significant advantage over MDCT in delineating the structures or the temporal bone of the FMT Coupler assemblies. The FMT with its coupler element could be clearly identified in the two imaging techniques. The correct positioning of the FMT and all types of couplers could be demonstrated. Both methods, MDCT and CBCT, are appropriate methods for postoperative localization of FMT in combination with Vibroplasty Couplers and for verifying their correct position. If CBCT is available, this method is recommended due to the better spatial resolution and less metal artifacts.