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Dyslipidemia is one of the most important cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs), and especially omega-3 FAs, could significantly contribute to the management of dyslipidemia and the prevention of CVD. The anti-hyperlipidemic effect of selected fish oils (eel, sardine, trout, cod liver) was comparatively evaluated in a high fat diet (HFD)-fed mouse model. At the end of 30 days on the HFD, all animals were hyperlipidemic and were switched to a diet consisting of 90% standard rodent chow plus 10% of oil from eel, sardine, cod liver, or trout. At the end of 60 days on these diets, blood glucose, total blood cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were quantitated. All diets, except sardine and standard rodent chow, showed statistically significant decreases in blood glucose from day 30 to 90. Total blood cholesterol decreased in all diets except the HFD group, which was continued on this diet until the end of the study. Eel and cod liver oil diets showed significant decreases in TGs. All dietary groups showed a decrease in HDL, but only the trout and standard chow groups exhibited statistically significant decreases. The fish oils tested here for effects on hyperlipidemia vary in per cent of omega-3 FAs and omega-6/-3 FA ratios as determined by gas chromatography Overall, smoked eel was the best source of omega-3 FA, with a balance of omega-6 FA, that ameliorated HFD-induced mixed hyperlipidemia. © Martha Kontostathi et al. 2021; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 2021.

Aim: To investigate the molecular structural disorders of cancerous skin. Materials and Methods: Human malignant melanoma and basal cell carcinoma biopsies were used for the investigation. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were utilized. Spectral differences between healthy, basal cell carcinoma and melanoma tissues were recorded. Results: The FT-IR bands of vasCH2, vsCH2 and Raman vsCH3 of cell membrane lipids were increased in intensity in melanoma due to an increased lipophilic environment. The FT-IR band at 1,744 cm–1 assigned to malondialdehyde can be used as a band diagnostic of cancer progression. The amide I bands at 1,654 cm–1 and 1,650 cm–1 for Raman and FT-IR, respectively were broader in spectra from melanoma, reflecting changes of protein secondary structure from α-helix to β-sheet and random coil. The intensity of the FT-IR band at 1,046 cm–1 was increased in melanoma, suggesting glycosylation of the skin upon cancer development. Another band that might be considered as diagnostic was found at about 815 cm–1 in melanoma and was attributed to Ζ-DNA configuration. As far as we know, this is the first time that scanning electron microscopy revealed that metal components of titanium alloys from tooth implants were transferred to melanoma tissue taken from the back of one patient. Conclusion: Vibrational spectroscopy highlighted increased glycosylation in melanoma. © 2019 International Institute of Anticancer Research. All Rights Reserved.

FT-IR spectroscopy was used to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and to approach the mechanism on cancer bone demineralization, aortic valve mineralization and heterotopic ossification on disease development. The FT-IR spectra obtained from paediatric, adult bone and ex vivo irradiated adult healthy bone with a dose of 20 Gy were compared with those of healthy bone. The increase of band intensity changes of vasCH2 vsCH2 in the region 3000–2850 cm−1 depended on aging, the disease progression and the dose of irradiation. The bands at 3080 cm−1 and 1744 cm−1, which originate from olefinic terminal bond (v = CH) and ester carbonyl group (vRO–C[dbnd]O), respectively, indicate the influence of oxidative stress on lipid degradation and peroxidation, respectively. The new bands at about 1690 cm−1 and 1516 cm−1 denote the presence of β-sheet conformation of the proteins due to the diseases, confirming the increasing amount of lipophilic environment and fibril formation. Comparison of the FT-IR spectra of calcified aortic valve and hip heterotopic ossification with that of normal bones showed that in the bone-like formation the peroxide anion free radicals play an important role in the disease. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.

Although radiation therapy is an essential treatment of cancers, it is associated with unwanted complications. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the side effects of radiation inbone and articular cartilage and to recommend Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to monitor the differences in infrared spectra between healthy and irradiated bone and cartilage. © 2015 by Begell House, Inc.

Journal URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00201693

Journal URL: http://www.znaturforsch.com/b.htm

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Journal URL: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/3420

Journal URL: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/3420

Journal URL: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/3420