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155 results on '"The British Academy"'

1. The Lives of Early Career Researchers. HEPI Report 169

Author: Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI) (United Kingdom), The British Academy, Debra Cureton, David Grundy, Sarah Howard, Anastassiya Mahon, Blessing Marandure, Anna Meier, Joanne Mills, Louise Oldridge, Maranda Ridgway, Gemma Tidman, Rebecca Williams, Jing Zhao, Debra Cureton, David Grundy, Sarah Howard, Anastassiya Mahon, Blessing Marandure, Anna Meier, Joanne Mills, Louise Oldridge, Maranda Ridgway, Gemma Tidman, Rebecca Williams, Jing Zhao, Higher Education Policy Institute (HEPI) (United Kingdom), and The British Academy
Abstract: In 2023, the British Academy commissioned 11 members of its Early Career Researcher Network to write about their experiences of life and work in UK higher education. The essay collection shines a light on the voices, perspectives and journeys of early career researchers, poignantly showcasing the realities and challenges faced by researchers at this stage of their careers, ranging from precarious contracts and grant applications to balancing parenthood with the pressures of academic life. The authors offer a mixture of personal insights, policy solutions and practical advice to some of these hurdles, while also highlighting the fulfilling and rewarding moments in their careers.
Published: 2024

2. Support Strategies for Parents During the First Year Following Their Child's Diagnosis of Sickle Cell Disorder

Author: British Academy, Sickle Cell Society, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, and Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
Published: 2024

3. The Next Generation: Ideas and Experience in African Researcher Support. The Nairobi Process

Author: The British Academy, Association of Commonwealth Universities (ACU) (United Kingdom), and Moss, Caroline
Abstract: This report forms part of the Nairobi Process, a series of discussions and reports aimed at stimulating debate around Africa-UK research collaboration and the provision of researcher support in African higher education. It emphasizes the value and the need to invest in the development of early career researchers. As the research leaders of the future, it is they who will direct and shape the development of African higher education and research. This report charts examples of good practice for institutions, donors, and leaders looking to pursue this path. The aim is not to present a comprehensive review of systems of support for early career researchers, but rather to draw on a number of examples to give an indication of existing provision and case studies of more integrated/inclusive systems. In addition to institutional case studies, approaches currently adopted by externally-funded programmes are explored, to see how institutional capacity building for early career researcher development can be integrated within institutional research support systems. A number of recommendations are made in this report, drawing on the lessons learnt from African institutions and external funders in developing early career researchers. These aim to build and sustain structures and processes that can effectively and holistically support early career researchers in their development. These recommendations are presented as a framework through which institutions may reflect on their own research provision and what is appropriate in their particular context.
Published: 2016

4. Practicing critical zone observation in agricultural landscapes: Communities, technology, environment and archaeology

Author: British Academy, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), University of Glasgow, Opitz, Rachel, De Smedt, Philippe, Mayoral Herrera, Victorino, Campana, Stefano, Vieri, Marco, Baldwin, Eamonn, Perna, Carolina, Sarri, Daniele, Verhegge, Jeroen, British Academy, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), University of Glasgow, Opitz, Rachel, De Smedt, Philippe, Mayoral Herrera, Victorino, Campana, Stefano, Vieri, Marco, Baldwin, Eamonn, Perna, Carolina, Sarri, Daniele, and Verhegge, Jeroen
Abstract: The aims of agricultural land management change continuously, reflecting shifts in wider societal priorities. Currently, these include addressing the climate crisis, promoting environmental sustainability, and supporting the livelihoods of rural communities while ensuring food security. Working toward these aims requires information on the character of agricultural land and how dynamic processes influence it. Remote and near-surface sensing data are important sources of information on the characteristics of soils, plants, water, topography, and related processes. Sensing data are collected, analysed, and used in decision-making by specialists in multiple domains connected to land management. While progress has been made to connect the use of sensing data across agricultural and environmental applications under the umbrella of integrated sustainable land management, archaeological and heritage uses of these data remain largely disconnected. This creates barriers to accounting for the impacts of past human activities on contemporary agricultural landscapes through the alteration of soils, topography, and plant communities. In parallel, it hinders the creation of knowledge about the archaeological features which form an essential part of the heritage of agricultural landscapes. The ipaast-czo project explores the potential of a coordinated approach across all these domains, which would reduce these barriers and provide benefits by better integrating information generated using sensing. To do so, both conceptual and practical barriers to developing shared practices and how these might be overcome were considered. In this study, a conceptual framework designed to create a shared understanding of how agricultural landscapes work and enable collaboration around their management was proposed. This framework treats present-day rural agricultural landscapes as Critical Zones: complex entities shaped by long-term human–environment interactions including contemporary farming. P
Published: 2023

5. Identifying intentional flake production at the dawn of technology: A technological and 3D geometric morphometric study

Author: Leakey Foundation, British Academy, Max Planck Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Research Council, de la Torre, Ignacio [0000-0002-1805-634X], Proffitt, Tomos, Reeves, Jonathan S., Falótico, Tiago, Arroyo, Adrián, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Ottoni, Eduardo B., Luncz, Lydia V., Leakey Foundation, British Academy, Max Planck Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Research Council, de la Torre, Ignacio [0000-0002-1805-634X], Proffitt, Tomos, Reeves, Jonathan S., Falótico, Tiago, Arroyo, Adrián, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Ottoni, Eduardo B., and Luncz, Lydia V.
Abstract: The production of sharp-edged stone flakes is often viewed as a unique adaptation specific to the hominin lineage. The discovery of large stone cores and flakes dated to 3.3 Ma has shown that the earliest evidence of hominin stone flake production differs from the later Oldowan (dated to 2.6 Ma) record. Recent discoveries have shown that capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus) can unintentionally produce sharp-edged flake assemblages as a by-product of percussive behaviour. Capuchin monkeys are the only wild primate to intentionally strike two stones together (stone-on-stone percussion) to produce quartz powder. In doing so, they unintentionally produce high frequencies of sharp-edged flakes. It has been suggested that these possess the same technological attributes commonly used to describe intentional hominin stone flakes. Here we directly compare the basic morphometric descriptions, technological and 3D morphometric properties of unintentional capuchin flakes with experimentally produced flakes derived from two intentional flaking techniques employed during the Plio-Pleistocene, freehand and passive hammer knapping and a sample of Oldowan freehand flakes from Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania). Our results show that unintentional stone-on-stone flakes overlap in terms of their shape, size and technological attributes with those produced through intentional knapping techniques. We, however, identify attributes that may be critical for differentiating between intentional knapping techniques documented in the early archaeological record and unintentional flakes. Using these data we show that Oldowan flakes more closely resemble intentional freehand techniques.
Published: 2023

6. New information on early Islamic ceramic production and distribution in the Gulf: Siraf, Bushehr and Fulayj

Author: Albert Reckitt Fund, British Academy, Carvajal López, José C., Priestman, Seth M. N., Georgakopoulou, Myrto, Albert Reckitt Fund, British Academy, Carvajal López, José C., Priestman, Seth M. N., and Georgakopoulou, Myrto
Abstract: In this paper a new petrographic study of ceramics from the early Islamic period in the Gulf is presented. The paper considers samples coming from Siraf (Iran), excavated by David Whitehouse (and conserved in the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, UK), samples from the Iranian coast of Bushehr (recovered by Andrew Williamson and conserved in the collection that bears his name in Durham, UK) and some samples from Fulayj, Oman (excavated by a team co-directed by Seth Priestman, Nasser Al-Jahwari, Eve MacDonald and Derek Kennet). The technique of analysis is petrography, that offers compositional (mineralogy and petrology) and textural information (distribution and arrangement of inclusions). This technique can be used to interpret the technological procedures involved in the manufacturing of the ceramics and to characterise products from particular areas, thus helping to clarify trends of distribution of wares across time. The samples of these collections have been classified according to Priestman’s Indian Ocean Pottery Classification (IOPC, Priestman ii.2021), providing an important link between macroscopic and microscopic analyses. The results are also compared with samples previously analysed from Murwab and the Old Doha excavations, providing an overview of the production technology and exchange of ceramics in the early Islamic Gulf over the longue durée.
Published: 2023

7. A deep graph neural network architecture for modelling spatio-temporal dynamics in resting-state functional MRI data

Author: W. D. Armstrong Trust Fund, University of Cambridge, British Academy, Autism Research Trust, Guarantors of Brain, Medical Research Council (UK), Azevedo, Tiago, Campbell, Alexander, Romero García, Rafael, Passamonti, Luca, Bethlehem, Richard A. I., Liò, Pietro, Toschi, Nicola, W. D. Armstrong Trust Fund, University of Cambridge, British Academy, Autism Research Trust, Guarantors of Brain, Medical Research Council (UK), Azevedo, Tiago, Campbell, Alexander, Romero García, Rafael, Passamonti, Luca, Bethlehem, Richard A. I., Liò, Pietro, and Toschi, Nicola
Abstract: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has been successfully employed to understand the organisation of the human brain. Typically, the brain is parcellated into regions of interest (ROIs) and modelled as a graph where each ROI represents a node and association measures between ROI-specific blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) time series are edges. Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have seen a surge in popularity due to their success in modelling unstructured relational data. The latest developments with GNNs, however, have not yet been fully exploited for the analysis of rs-fMRI data, particularly with regards to its spatio-temporal dynamics. In this paper, we present a novel deep neural network architecture which combines both GNNs and temporal convolutional networks (TCNs) in order to learn from both the spatial and temporal components of rs-fMRI data in an end-to-end fashion. In particular, this corresponds to intra-feature learning (i.e., learning temporal dynamics with TCNs) as well as inter-feature learning (i.e., leveraging interactions between ROI-wise dynamics with GNNs). We evaluate our model with an ablation study using 35,159 samples from the UK Biobank rs-fMRI database, as well as in the smaller Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset, both in a unimodal and in a multimodal fashion. We also demonstrate that out architecture contains explainability-related features which easily map to realistic neurobiological insights. We suggest that this model could lay the groundwork for future deep learning architectures focused on leveraging the inherently and inextricably spatio-temporal nature of rs-fMRI data.
Published: 2022

8. Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author: British Academy, Autism Research Trust, National Institute of Mental Health (US), UK Research and Innovation, Medical Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health and Care Research (US), Wellcome Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Bethlehem, Richard A. I., Seidlitz, J., White, S. R., Vogel, Jacob W., Anderson, K. M., Adamson, C., Adler, S., Alexopoulos, G. S., Anagnostou, E., Areces-González, A., Astle, D. E., Auyeung, Bonnie, Ayub, Muhammad, Bae, J., Ball, G, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beare, R., Bedford, S. A., Benegal, V., Beyer, Frauke, Blangero, John, Blesa Cábez, M., Boardman, J. P., Borzage, M., Bosch-Bayard, J. F., Bourke, N., Calhoun, V. D., Chakravarty, M. M., Chen, C., Chertavian, C., Chetelat, G., Chong, Y. S., Cole, J. H., Corvin, Aiden, Costantino, M., Courchesne, E., Crivello, Fabrice, Cropley, V. L., Crosbie, J., Crossley, N., Delarue, M., Delorme, R., Desrivieres, Sylvane, Devenyi, G. A., Di Biase, M. A., Dolan, R., Donald, K. A., Donohoe, Gary, Dunlop, K., Edwards, A. D., Elison, J. T., Ellis, C. T., Elman, J. A., Eyler, L., Fair, D. A., Feczko, E., Fletcher, P. C., Fonagy, P., Franz, C. E., Galán-García, L., Gholipour, A., Giedd, J., Gilmore, J. H., Glahn, David C., Goodyer, I. M., Grant, P. E., Groenewold, Nynke A., Gunning, F. M., Gur, Rachel E., Gur, Ruben C., Hammill, C. F., Hansson, Oskar, Hedden, T., Heinz, Andreas, Henson, R. N., Heuer, K., Hoare, J., Holla, B., Holmes, Avram J., Holt, Rosemary, Huang, Hailiang, Im, K., Ipser, J., Jack, C. R., Jackowski, A. P., Jia, T., Johnson, K. A., Jones, P. B., Jones, David T. W., Kahn, René S., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., Kawashima, R., Kelley, E. A., Kern, Silke, Kim, K. W., Kitzbichler, M. G., Kremen, W. S., Lalonde, F., Landeau, B., Lee, S., Lerch, J., Lewis, J. D., Li, J., Liao, W., Liston, C., Lombardo, Michael, V., Lv, J., Lynch, Christopher D., Mallard, T. T., Marcelis, Machteld, Markello, R. D., Mathias, Samuel R., Mazoyer, Bernard, McGuire, Philip, Meaney, M. J., Mechelli, Andrea, Medic, N., Misic, B., Morgan, S. E., Mothersill, David O., Nigg, J., Ong, M. Q. W., Ortinau, C., Ossenkoppele, Rik, Ouyang, M., Palaniyappan, L., Paly, L., Pan, P. M., Pantelis, Christos, Park, M. M., Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Paz-Linares, D., Pichler, Alexander, Pierce, K., Qian, X., Qiu, Jing, Qiu, A., Raznahan, A., Rittman, T., Rodrigue, A., Rollins, C. K., Romero García, Rafael, Ronan, L., Rosenberg, M. D., Rowitch, D. H., Salum, G. A., Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Schaare, H. L., Schachar, R. J., Schultz, A. P., Schumann, Gunter, Schöll, Michael, Sharp, D., Shinohara, R. T., Skoog, Ingmar, Smyser, C. D., Sperling, R. A., Stein, Dan J., Stolicyn, A., Suckling, John, Sullivan, G., Taki, Y., Thyreau, B., Toro, Raquel del, Traut, N., Tsvetanov, K. A., Turk-Browne, N. B., Tuulari, J. J., Tzourio, C., Vachon-Presseau, É., Valdes-Sosa, M. J., Valdes-Sosa, P. A., Valk, Sofie L., van Amelsvoort, Therese, Vandekar, S. N., Vasung, L., Victoria, L. W., Villeneuve, S., Villringer, Arno, Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Wang, Y. S., Warfield, S. K., Warrier, V., Westman, Eric, Westwater, M. L., Whalley, Heather, Witte, A. Veronica, Yang, N., Yeo, B., Yun, H., Zalesky, A., Zar, H. J., Zettergren, Anna, Zhou, J. H., Ziauddeen, H., Zugman, A., Zuo, X. N., Bullmore, E. T., Alexander-Bloch, A. F., British Academy, Autism Research Trust, National Institute of Mental Health (US), UK Research and Innovation, Medical Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health and Care Research (US), Wellcome Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Bethlehem, Richard A. I., Seidlitz, J., White, S. R., Vogel, Jacob W., Anderson, K. M., Adamson, C., Adler, S., Alexopoulos, G. S., Anagnostou, E., Areces-González, A., Astle, D. E., Auyeung, Bonnie, Ayub, Muhammad, Bae, J., Ball, G, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Beare, R., Bedford, S. A., Benegal, V., Beyer, Frauke, Blangero, John, Blesa Cábez, M., Boardman, J. P., Borzage, M., Bosch-Bayard, J. F., Bourke, N., Calhoun, V. D., Chakravarty, M. M., Chen, C., Chertavian, C., Chetelat, G., Chong, Y. S., Cole, J. H., Corvin, Aiden, Costantino, M., Courchesne, E., Crivello, Fabrice, Cropley, V. L., Crosbie, J., Crossley, N., Delarue, M., Delorme, R., Desrivieres, Sylvane, Devenyi, G. A., Di Biase, M. A., Dolan, R., Donald, K. A., Donohoe, Gary, Dunlop, K., Edwards, A. D., Elison, J. T., Ellis, C. T., Elman, J. A., Eyler, L., Fair, D. A., Feczko, E., Fletcher, P. C., Fonagy, P., Franz, C. E., Galán-García, L., Gholipour, A., Giedd, J., Gilmore, J. H., Glahn, David C., Goodyer, I. M., Grant, P. E., Groenewold, Nynke A., Gunning, F. M., Gur, Rachel E., Gur, Ruben C., Hammill, C. F., Hansson, Oskar, Hedden, T., Heinz, Andreas, Henson, R. N., Heuer, K., Hoare, J., Holla, B., Holmes, Avram J., Holt, Rosemary, Huang, Hailiang, Im, K., Ipser, J., Jack, C. R., Jackowski, A. P., Jia, T., Johnson, K. A., Jones, P. B., Jones, David T. W., Kahn, René S., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., Kawashima, R., Kelley, E. A., Kern, Silke, Kim, K. W., Kitzbichler, M. G., Kremen, W. S., Lalonde, F., Landeau, B., Lee, S., Lerch, J., Lewis, J. D., Li, J., Liao, W., Liston, C., Lombardo, Michael, V., Lv, J., Lynch, Christopher D., Mallard, T. T., Marcelis, Machteld, Markello, R. D., Mathias, Samuel R., Mazoyer, Bernard, McGuire, Philip, Meaney, M. J., Mechelli, Andrea, Medic, N., Misic, B., Morgan, S. E., Mothersill, David O., Nigg, J., Ong, M. Q. W., Ortinau, C., Ossenkoppele, Rik, Ouyang, M., Palaniyappan, L., Paly, L., Pan, P. M., Pantelis, Christos, Park, M. M., Paus, Tomas, Pausova, Zdenka, Paz-Linares, D., Pichler, Alexander, Pierce, K., Qian, X., Qiu, Jing, Qiu, A., Raznahan, A., Rittman, T., Rodrigue, A., Rollins, C. K., Romero García, Rafael, Ronan, L., Rosenberg, M. D., Rowitch, D. H., Salum, G. A., Satterthwaite, Theodore D., Schaare, H. L., Schachar, R. J., Schultz, A. P., Schumann, Gunter, Schöll, Michael, Sharp, D., Shinohara, R. T., Skoog, Ingmar, Smyser, C. D., Sperling, R. A., Stein, Dan J., Stolicyn, A., Suckling, John, Sullivan, G., Taki, Y., Thyreau, B., Toro, Raquel del, Traut, N., Tsvetanov, K. A., Turk-Browne, N. B., Tuulari, J. J., Tzourio, C., Vachon-Presseau, É., Valdes-Sosa, M. J., Valdes-Sosa, P. A., Valk, Sofie L., van Amelsvoort, Therese, Vandekar, S. N., Vasung, L., Victoria, L. W., Villeneuve, S., Villringer, Arno, Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Wang, Y. S., Warfield, S. K., Warrier, V., Westman, Eric, Westwater, M. L., Whalley, Heather, Witte, A. Veronica, Yang, N., Yeo, B., Yun, H., Zalesky, A., Zar, H. J., Zettergren, Anna, Zhou, J. H., Ziauddeen, H., Zugman, A., Zuo, X. N., Bullmore, E. T., and Alexander-Bloch, A. F.
Abstract: Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes.
Published: 2022

9. Lo transfronterizo como futuro común. Hacia la co-gobernanza de las cuencas hidrográficas compartidas en Centroamérica

Author: British Academy, Montoya, Ainhoa [0000-0001-7052-4318], Montoya, Ainhoa, British Academy, Montoya, Ainhoa [0000-0001-7052-4318], and Montoya, Ainhoa
Published: 2021

10. The Effect of Raw Material on the Identification of Knapping Skill: a Case Study from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Author: British Academy, European Commission, Max Planck Society, Bargalló, Amelia [0000-0003-4175-7600], Torre, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Proffitt, Tomos, Bargalló, Amelia, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, British Academy, European Commission, Max Planck Society, Bargalló, Amelia [0000-0003-4175-7600], Torre, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Proffitt, Tomos, Bargalló, Amelia, and Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la
Abstract: The identification of Oldowan hominin knapping skill levels has been a focus of numerous studies, with apparent variation in technical abilities identified between a number of Early Stone Age archaeological sites. Raw material variability, however, can play a significant role in the outcomes of knapping events as well as in the accuracy of analysis. Implications of such variability are yet to be fully understood. Here we present an experimental study to assess the effects that varying raw materials have on the identification of technological attributes typically associated with varying skill levels and whether it is possible to identify knapper skill levels across multiple raw materials. Variation was tested between raw materials from Olduvai Gorge across and between skill levels. The results suggest that knapping skill levels manifest differently in the material record across raw materials. In addition, we suggest that raw material has a significant effect on identifying knapper skill variation. This has implications for future research concerned with identifying knapper skill within and between early assemblages of differing raw materials.
Published: 2021

11. Brain functional network integrity sustains cognitive function despite atrophy in presymptomatic genetic frontotemporal dementia

Author: British Academy, Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council (UK), German Research Foundation, University of Cambridge, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundació La Marató de TV3, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ministero della Salute, National Institute for Health Research (UK), Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration (US), Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Swedish Research Council, Swedish Brain Foundation, Swedish Alzheimer Foundation, Stockholm County Council, Tsvetanov, Kamen A., Gazzina, Stefano, Jones, P. Simon, Swieten, John C. van, Borroni, Barbara, Sánchez-Valle, Raquel, Moreno, Fermín, Laforce, Robert, Graff, Caroline, Synofzik, Matthis, Galimberti, Daniela, Masellis, Mario, Tartaglia, Maria Carmela, Finger, Elizabeth, Vandenberghe, Rik, Mendonça, Alexandre de, Tagliavini, Fabrizio, Santana, Isabel, Ducharme, Simon, Butler, Christopher, Gerhard, Alex, Danek, Adrian, Levin, Johannes, Otto, Markus, Frisoni, Giovanni, Ghidoni, Roberta, Sorbi, Sandro, Rohrer, Jonathan D., Rowe, James, The Genetic FTD Initiative GENFI, British Academy, Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council (UK), German Research Foundation, University of Cambridge, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundació La Marató de TV3, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Ministero della Salute, National Institute for Health Research (UK), Association for Frontotemporal Degeneration (US), Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Swedish Research Council, Swedish Brain Foundation, Swedish Alzheimer Foundation, Stockholm County Council, Tsvetanov, Kamen A., Gazzina, Stefano, Jones, P. Simon, Swieten, John C. van, Borroni, Barbara, Sánchez-Valle, Raquel, Moreno, Fermín, Laforce, Robert, Graff, Caroline, Synofzik, Matthis, Galimberti, Daniela, Masellis, Mario, Tartaglia, Maria Carmela, Finger, Elizabeth, Vandenberghe, Rik, Mendonça, Alexandre de, Tagliavini, Fabrizio, Santana, Isabel, Ducharme, Simon, Butler, Christopher, Gerhard, Alex, Danek, Adrian, Levin, Johannes, Otto, Markus, Frisoni, Giovanni, Ghidoni, Roberta, Sorbi, Sandro, Rohrer, Jonathan D., Rowe, James, and The Genetic FTD Initiative GENFI
Abstract: Introduction: The presymptomatic phase of neurodegenerative disease can last many years, with sustained cognitive function despite progressive atrophy. We investigate this phenomenon in familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Methods: We studied 121 presymptomatic FTD mutation carriers and 134 family members without mutations, using multivariate data-driven approach to link cognitive performance with both structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Atrophy and brain network connectivity were compared between groups, in relation to the time from expected symptom onset. Results: There were group differences in brain structure and function, in the absence of differences in cognitive performance. Specifically, we identified behaviorally relevant structural and functional network differences. Structure-function relationships were similar in both groups, but coupling between functional connectivity and cognition was stronger for carriers than for non-carriers, and increased with proximity to the expected onset of disease. Discussion: Our findings suggest that the maintenance of functional network connectivity enables carriers to maintain cognitive performance.
Published: 2021

12. The performance management and appraisal in higher education

Author: Camilleri, Mark Anthony, Camilleri, Adriana Caterina, and British Academy of Management 32nd Annual Conference : Driving Productivity in Uncertain and Challenging Times, British Academy of Management
Subjects: Education, Higher, Personnel management
Abstract: The performance appraisal (PA) is one of the performance management tools that is widely used to measure the productivity of academic employees in different contexts. Therefore, this paper has two main objectives. Firstly, it critically reviews the extant literature on performance management, including; Kaplan and Norton’s Balanced Scorecard Approach, among others. Secondly, it presents a qualitative research that explores the performance appraisal system in a higher education institution. The researcher has conducted semi-structured interview sessions with academic employees to analyse their opinions and perceptions toward their annual PA. The research participants revealed the costs and benefits of their PA exercise. They were aware that their educational leaders could pragmatically employ the PA’s metrics to improve their performance outcomes, in terms of stakeholder engagement, internal processes, organisational capacity and innovation, among other areas. This research implies that the PA instrument could lead to significant benefits for both the institution as well as for the personal development of individual academics., peer-reviewed
Published: 2018

13. The corporate governance reporting in the European Union

Author: Camilleri, Mark Anthony and British Academy of Management 32nd Annual Conference (Driving Productivity in Uncertain and Challenging Times)
Subjects: Corporate governance -- European Union countries, Corporate governance, Social responsibility of business -- European Union countries, Social responsibility of business
Abstract: The latest European Union’s (EU) guiding policies are encouraging big businesses and state-owned organisations to disclose their environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance. Many European member states have transposed the EU’s directive 2014/95/EU on non-financial reporting. This directive has presented a significant step forward toward the as its “comply or explain” approach has encouraged organisations to disclose a true and fair view on their organisations’ financial and ESG capitals. Hence, this paper makes specific reference to some of the corporations’ best practices as it identifies areas for improvement in corporate governance issues. It explains how three major European banks are following the recommendations of their national regulatory institution, as they have reviewed the roles and responsibilities of the corporate boards and management. In many cases, they have anticipated the regulatory, legal, contractual, social and market-driven obligations. This contribution contends that there are significant implications for financial services corporations who intend following the right path toward responsible corporate governance and ethical behaviours., peer-reviewed
Published: 2018

14. Measuring the educators’ behavioural intention, perceived use and ease of use of mobile technologies

Author: Camilleri, Mark Anthony, Camilleri, Adriana Caterina, Wood, Geoffrey, British Academy of Management Conference 2017 (BAM2017) : Reconnecting Management Research with the Disciplines. Shaping the Research with the Social Sciences, and Wood, Geoffrey
Subjects: Education -- Effect of technological innovations on, Educational technology, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Learning, Principal components analysis, Mobile communication systems in education, Regression analysis
Abstract: This research explores the educators' attitudes and behavioural intention toward mobile applications. The methodology integrates measures from ‘the pace of technological innovativeness’ and the ‘technology acceptance model’ to understand the rationale for further investment in mobile learning (m-learning). It has investigated the educators’ stance toward ubiquitous learning resources, including mobile applications (apps) in schools. A principal component analysis has indicated that the educators were committed to using mobile technologies. In addition, a stepwise regression analysis has indicated the socio-demographic variables affected the educators’ perceived ease of use and usefulness of mobile technologies in classroom activities. This study has shown that that the younger female respondents were increasingly engaging in m-learning resources. In conclusion, this contribution puts forward key implications for both academia and practitioners., Ministry of Education and Employment, Malta., peer-reviewed
Published: 2017

15. Strain effects on the oxidation of CO and HCOOH on Au-Pd core-shell nanoparticles

Author: British Academy, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Sasol, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), University of Bristol, German Research Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (Argentina), European Commission, Celorrio, Verónica [0000-0002-2818-3844], Quaino, Paola [0000-0003-1311-5213], Guillén-Villafuerte, O. [0000-0002-8930-9236], Plana, Daniela [0000-0002-4844-5282], Lázaro Elorri, María Jesús [0000-0002-4769-2564], Pastor Tejera, Elena [0000-0001-6732-5828], Fermín, David J. [0000-0002-0376-5506], Celorrio, Verónica, Quaino, Paola, Santos, Elizabeth, Flórez-Montaño, Jonathan, Humphrey, Jo J. L., Guillén-Villafuerte, O., Plana, Daniela, Lázaro Elorri, María Jesús, Pastor Tejera, Elena, Fermin, David J., British Academy, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Sasol, Natural Environment Research Council (UK), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), University of Bristol, German Research Foundation, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (Argentina), European Commission, Celorrio, Verónica [0000-0002-2818-3844], Quaino, Paola [0000-0003-1311-5213], Guillén-Villafuerte, O. [0000-0002-8930-9236], Plana, Daniela [0000-0002-4844-5282], Lázaro Elorri, María Jesús [0000-0002-4769-2564], Pastor Tejera, Elena [0000-0001-6732-5828], Fermín, David J. [0000-0002-0376-5506], Celorrio, Verónica, Quaino, Paola, Santos, Elizabeth, Flórez-Montaño, Jonathan, Humphrey, Jo J. L., Guillén-Villafuerte, O., Plana, Daniela, Lázaro Elorri, María Jesús, Pastor Tejera, Elena, and Fermin, David J.
Abstract: The mechanism of CO and HCOOH electrooxidation in an acidic solution on carbon-supported Au–Pd core–shell nanoparticles was investigated by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry and in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Analysis performed in nanostructures with 1.3 ± 0.1 nm (CS1) and 9.9 ± 1.1 nm (CS10) Pd shells provides compelling evidence that the mechanism of adsorbed CO (COads) oxidation is affected by structural and electronic effects introduced by the Au cores. In the case of CS10, a band associated with adsorbed OH species (OHads) is observed in the potential range of CO oxidation. This feature is not detected in the case of CS1, suggesting that the reaction follows an alternative mechanism involving COOHads species. The faradaic charge associated with COads oxidation as well as the Stark slope measured from FTIR indicates that the overall affinity and orbital coupling of CO to Pd are weaker for CS1 shells. FTIR spectroscopy also revealed the presence of HCOOads intermediate species only in the case of CS1. This observation allowed us to conclude that the higher activity of CS10 toward this reaction is due to a fast HCOOads oxidation step, probably involving OHads, to generate CO2. Density functional theory calculations are used to estimate the contributions of the so-called ligand and strain effects on the local density of states of the Pd d-band. The calculations strongly suggest that the key parameter contributing to the change in mechanism is the effective lattice strain.
Published: 2017

16. The carnivorous feeding behavior of early humans at HWK EE, Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Author: European Commission, National Science Foundation (US), British Academy, Wenner-Gren Foundation, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Pante, Michael C., Njau, Jackson K., Hensley-Marschand, Blaire, Keevil, Trevor L., Martín-Ramos, Carmen, Peters, Renata F., Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, European Commission, National Science Foundation (US), British Academy, Wenner-Gren Foundation, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Pante, Michael C., Njau, Jackson K., Hensley-Marschand, Blaire, Keevil, Trevor L., Martín-Ramos, Carmen, Peters, Renata F., and Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la
Abstract: The regular consumption of large mammal carcasses, as evidenced by butchery marks on fossils recovered from Early Stone Age archaeological sites, roughly coincides with the appearance of Homo habilis. However, the significance of this niche expansion cannot be appreciated without an understanding of hominin feeding behavior and their ecological interactions with mammalian carnivores. The Olduvai Geochronology and Archaeology Project (OGAP) has recovered a large and well-preserved fossil assemblage from the HWK EE site, which was deposited just prior to the first appearance of Acheulean technology at Olduvai Gorge and likely represents one of the last H. habilis sites at Olduvai. This taphonomic analysis of the larger mammal fossil assemblage excavated from HWK EE shows evidence of multiple occupations over a long period of time, suggesting the site offered resources that were attractive to hominins. There was a water source indicated by the presence of fish, crocodiles, and hippos, and there was possible tree cover in an otherwise open habitat. The site preserves several stratigraphic intervals with large fossil and artifact assemblages within two of these intervals. Feeding traces on bone surfaces suggest hominins at the site obtained substantial amounts of flesh and marrow, particularly from smaller size group 1e2 carcasses, and exploited a wide range of taxa, including megafauna. A strong carnivore signal suggests hominins scavenged much of their animal foods during the two main stratigraphic intervals. In the later interval, lower carnivore tooth mark and hammerstone percussion mark frequencies, in addition to high epiphyseal to shaft fragment ratios, suggest hominins and carnivores did not fully exploit bone marrow and grease, which may have been acquired from nutritionally-stressed animals that died during a dry period at Olduvai. The diversity of fauna that preserve evidence of butchery suggests that the HWK EE hominins were opportunistic in their acquisition
Published: 2017

17. The contexts and early Acheulean archaeology of the EF-HR paleo-landscape (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania)

Author: Palaeontological Scientific Trust, German Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), British Academy, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Albert, Rosa M., Macphail, Richard, McHenry, Lindsay J., Pante, Michael C., Rodríguez-Cintas, Ágata, Stanistreet, Ian G., Stollhofen, Harald, Palaeontological Scientific Trust, German Science Foundation, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), British Academy, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Albert, Rosa M., Macphail, Richard, McHenry, Lindsay J., Pante, Michael C., Rodríguez-Cintas, Ágata, Stanistreet, Ian G., and Stollhofen, Harald
Abstract: Renewed fieldwork at the early Acheulean site of EF-HR (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania) has included detailed stratigraphic studies of the sequence, extended excavations in the main site, and has placed eleven additional trenches within an area of nearly 1 km2 , to sample the same stratigraphic interval as in the main trench across the broader paleo-landscape. Our new stratigraphic work suggests that EF-HR is positioned higher in the Bed II sequence than previously proposed, which has implications for the age of the site and its stratigraphic correlation to other Olduvai Middle Bed II sites. Geological research shows that the main EF-HR site was situated at the deepest part of an incised valley formed through river erosion. Archaeological excavations at the main site and nearby trenches have unearthed a large new assemblage, with more than 3000 fossils and artefacts, including a hundred handaxes in stratigraphic position. In addition, our test-trenching approach has detected conspicuous differences in the density of artefacts across the landscape, with a large cluster of archaeological material in and around the main trench, and less intense human activity at the same level in the more distant satellite trenches. All of these aspects are discussed in this paper in the light of site formation processes, behavioral contexts, and their implications for our understanding of the early Acheulean at Olduvai Gorge.
Published: 2017

18. New excavations at the HWK EE site: Archaeology, paleoenvironment and site formation processes during late Oldwan times at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Author: Palaeontological Scientific Trust, German Science Foundation, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), British Academy, Wenner-Gren Foundation, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Mora, Rafael [0000-0001-7824-6818], Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Albert, Rosa M., Arroyo, Adrián, Macphail, Richard, McHenry, Lindsay J., Mora, Rafael, Njau, Jackson K., Pante, Michael C., Rivera-Rondón, Carlos A., Rodríguez-Cintas, Ágata, Stanistreet, Ian G., Stollhofen, Harald, Wehr, Karol, Palaeontological Scientific Trust, German Science Foundation, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), British Academy, Wenner-Gren Foundation, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Mora, Rafael [0000-0001-7824-6818], Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Albert, Rosa M., Arroyo, Adrián, Macphail, Richard, McHenry, Lindsay J., Mora, Rafael, Njau, Jackson K., Pante, Michael C., Rivera-Rondón, Carlos A., Rodríguez-Cintas, Ágata, Stanistreet, Ian G., Stollhofen, Harald, and Wehr, Karol
Abstract: This paper reports the results of renewed fieldwork at the HWK EE site (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania). HWK EE is positioned across the boundary between Lower and Middle Bed II, a crucial interval for studying the emergence of the Acheulean at Olduvai Gorge. Our excavations at HWK EE have produced one of the largest collections of fossils and artefacts from any Oldowan site, distributed across several archaeological units and a large excavation surface in four separate trenches that can be stratigraphically correlated. Here we present the main stratigraphic and archaeological units and discuss site formation processes. Results show a great density of fossils and stone tools vertically through two stratigraphic intervals (Lemuta and Lower Augitic Sandstone) and laterally across an area of around 300 m2 , and highlight the confluence of biotic and abiotic agents in the formation of the assemblage. The large size and diversity of the assemblage, as well as its good preservation, qualify HWK EE as a reference site for the study of the late Oldowan at Olduvai Gorge and elsewhere in Africa. In addition, the description of the stratigraphic and archaeological sequence of HWK EE presented in this paper constitutes the foundation for further studies on hominin behavior and paleoecology in Lower and Middle Bed II.
Published: 2017

19. Site formation processes of the early Acheulean assemblage at EF-HR (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania)

Author: National Science Foundation (US), European Commission, British Academy, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Wehr, Karol, National Science Foundation (US), European Commission, British Academy, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, and Wehr, Karol
Abstract: This paper investigates the formation history of the early Acheulean site of EF-HR (Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania). Our study focuses on the main site (T2-Main Trench) and adjacent trenches (T12 and T9), which constitute the bulk of the archaeological assemblage recently excavated in the EF-HR area (de la Torre et al., 2018a). Site formation processes are investigated through taphonomic proxies and spatial analysis, and consider artifact features, orientation patterns, and topographic data retrieved during archaeological excavation. This enables an assessment of the impact of natural agents on the assemblage and a discussion of the relevance of water disturbance in shaping the structure of the EF-HR archaeological record. Our results indicate that fluvial action over the assemblage was significant, although it is likely that EF-HR still preserves areas marginally affected by water sorting and rearrangement. In summary, by applying a novel approach that combines a systematic analysis of artifact attributes with GIS spatial analysis of archaeological remains and topographic features, our study aims to provide a fresh look at the interaction of human and natural agents in the formation of Early Stone Age assemblages at Olduvai Gorge.
Published: 2017

20. Wilfred George Lambert 1926–2011

Author: George, Andrew and British Academy
Published: 2015

21. Pierre Werner, A visionary European and Consensus Builder

Author: British Aacademy [research center], Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C2DH) > Contemporary European History (EHI) [research center], British Academy, European Central Bank, National Bank of Belgium, Robert Triffin International Association [sponsor], Danescu, Elena, British Aacademy [research center], Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C2DH) > Contemporary European History (EHI) [research center], British Academy, European Central Bank, National Bank of Belgium, Robert Triffin International Association [sponsor], and Danescu, Elena
Abstract: As prime minister and finance minister of Luxembourg over 30 years, Pierre Werner played a major role in the building of a united Europe. This Christian Democratic intellectual and committed federalist gained strong reputation as a consensus-builder between larger powers (Germany and France) and between diametrically opposed positions (‘economists’ and ‘monetarists’), as well as for his ideas on monetary integration. From early 1950s, Werner advocates a European monetary system based on a currency unit and on a clearing house for central banks. In 1968 he delivered a clear roadmap to EMU founded on a symmetrical economic and monetary union, with political union as the ultimate goal. Werner’s vital input and the ‘effective parallelism’ principle he imagined, were evident in the Werner Report of 1970, which was offered as the blueprint for EMU in the EU. Based on the Werner family archives and original interviews, this chapter highlights Werner’s contribution as architect of EMU in a threefold way: intellectual input, negotiation methods and consensus building.
Published: 2016

22. Authoritarian and Democratic Diffusion in Post-Communist Regions

Author: London School of Economics and Political Science, British Academy, Harvard University, National Research University Higher School of Economics (Russia), Lankina, Tomila, Libman, Alexander, Obydenkova, Anastassia V., London School of Economics and Political Science, British Academy, Harvard University, National Research University Higher School of Economics (Russia), Lankina, Tomila, Libman, Alexander, and Obydenkova, Anastassia V.
Abstract: There is a rich body of theorizing on the diffusion of democracy across space and time. There is also an emerging scholarship on authoritarian diffusion. The dynamics of the interaction between external democratic and autocratic diffusion processes and their effects on national and sub-national political regime outcomes have received scant attention in the literature. Do democratic diffusion processes help counter external authoritarian influences? And, in contexts where external diffusion of democratic influences is weak, do we observe greater susceptibility to diffusion from regional autocracies that might in turn reinforce authoritarian practices and institutions in “recipient” states? To address these questions, we perform analysis of data from two original under-utilized data sets—a data set on the European Union (EU) aid to Russia’s regions and a data set with statistics on trade among post-Soviet states. We find that EU aid has the effect of countering external authoritarian influences that work through Soviet-era inter-regional economic ties
Published: 2016

23. International Comparative: Skill needs of gas industry in UK and Australia

Author: British Academy of Management, Cameron, Roslyn, Marcella, R., Lockerbie, H., British Academy of Management, Cameron, Roslyn, Marcella, R., and Lockerbie, H.
Published: 2015

24. Experimental evidence for the co-evolution of hominin tool-making teaching and language

Author: European Commission, British Academy, Leverhulme Trust, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Morgan, Thomas, Rendell, Luke, Chouinard-Thuly, Laura, Street, S. E., Lewis, H. M., Cross, C. P., Evans, C., Kearney, R., Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Withen, Andrew, Lala, Kevin, European Commission, British Academy, Leverhulme Trust, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Morgan, Thomas, Rendell, Luke, Chouinard-Thuly, Laura, Street, S. E., Lewis, H. M., Cross, C. P., Evans, C., Kearney, R., Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Withen, Andrew, and Lala, Kevin
Abstract: Hominin reliance on Oldowan stone tools—which appear from 2.5 mya and are believed to have been socially transmitted—has been hypothesized to have led to the evolution of teaching and language. Here we present an experiment investigating the efficacy of transmission of Oldowan tool-making skills along chains of adult human participants (N ¼ 184) using five different transmission mechanisms. Across six measures, transmission improves with teaching, and particularly with language, but not with imitation or emulation. Our results support the hypothesis that hominin reliance on stone tool-making generated selection for teaching and language, and imply that (i) low-fidelity social transmission, such as imitation/emulation, may have contributed to the B700,000 year stasis of the Oldowan technocomplex, and (ii) teaching or proto-language may have been pre-requisites for the appearance of Acheulean technology. This work supports a gradual evolution of language, with simple symbolic communication preceding behavioural modernity by hundreds of thousands of years.
Published: 2015

25. Photographs, Mounts, and the Tactile Archive

Author: British Academy, Edwards, Elizabeth; De Montfort University, British Academy, and Edwards, Elizabeth; De Montfort University
Abstract: This short article considers the humble photographic mount as a site of tactile engagement. In particular, it will explore photographs that were deposited in the visual collections of public libraries as sources of local history and instruments of local identities in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Mounts were specifically designed to present information to the eye in certain ways, and enable that information to be held in the hand and manipulated. But they also served to protect photographs against the ravages of touch in the public space. I shall consider how we might understand the enormous amount of energy expended on the consideration of photographic mounts. I consider staged materialities of the institutions that constitute these objects and their haptic requirements. These were changing radically at this period as open-access libraries organized the body of the reader in new ways. I argue that photographic mounts, their storage, access, and the arrangement of information upon them constituted part of this revolution.
Published: 2014

26. Constructing an evidence-base for future CALL design with ‘engineering power’: The need for more basic research and instrumental replication

Author: Economic and Social Research Council, Reino Unido, British Academy, Handley, Zöe, Economic and Social Research Council, Reino Unido, British Academy, and Handley, Zöe
Abstract: [EN] This paper argues that the goal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) research should be to construct a reliable evidence-base with ‘engineering power’ and generality upon which the design of future CALL software and activities can be based. In order to establish such an evidence base for future CALL design, it suggests that CALL research needs to move away from CALL versus non-CALL comparisons, and focus on investigating the differential impact of individual attributes and affordances, that is, specific features of a technology which might have an impact on learning. Further, in order to help researchers find possible explanations for the success or failure of CALL interventions and make appropriate adjustments to their design, it argues that these studies should be conducted within the framework of Second Language Acquisition (SLA) theory and research. Despite this, a recent review of research examining the effectiveness of CALL in primary and secondary English as a Foreign Language (EFL) found that CALL vs. non-CALL comparisons are still common and studies focusing on individual coding elements are rare. Further, few studies make links with SLA and few measure linguistic outcomes using measures developed in the field of SLA. One reason for this may be poor reporting of methods and difficulty in obtaining the instruments used in SLA research. Reporting guidelines and the use of the IRIS database (www.iris-databse.org) are introduced as possible solutions to these problems.
Published: 2014

27. The management of restricted drugs in the Western Australian public health service

Author: British Academy of Management., Pick, David, Issa, Theodora, Teo, S., British Academy of Management., Pick, David, Issa, Theodora, and Teo, S.
Published: 2013

28. The origins of the Acheulean at Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania): A New Paleoanthropological Project in East Africa

Author: National Science Foundation (US), Leakey Foundation, European Commission, British Academy, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, McHenry, Lindsay J., Njau, Jackson K., Pante, Michael C., National Science Foundation (US), Leakey Foundation, European Commission, British Academy, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, McHenry, Lindsay J., Njau, Jackson K., and Pante, Michael C.
Abstract: The disappearance of the earliest human culture, the Oldowan, and its substitution by a new technology, the Acheulean, is one of the main topics in modern Paleoanthropology. Recent research has established that the Acheulean emerged originally in East Africa around 1.7–1.6 million years ago, and from that area expanded across the rest of Africa, Europe and parts of Asia. Despite the great relevance of the Oldowan-Acheulean transition, little is known about the biological and cultural evolutionary mechanisms underlying this process. Traditionally, it has been assumed that this major cultural change was ignited by the emergence of a new human species, Homo ergaster/erectus, and that there was a steady technological evolution during the Oldowan that eventually led to the emergence of the Acheulean handaxes. However, these assumptions are not grounded in the current available evidence, but rooted in culturalhistory paradigms that should now be superseded. Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania) is the site where the traditional view of the OldowanAcheulean transition was established. The aim of the recently launched Olduvai Geochronology and Archaeology Project is to tackle this question by conducting a comprehensive research program at Olduvai, based on the retrieval of fresh data derived from new laboratory and fieldwork research. The multidisciplinary character of this ongoing study is providing an integrative perspective to the analysis of the paleoecology, archaeology, geology and geochronology of the transition to the Acheulean at Olduvai. Using an innovative theoretical perspective that combines interests in cultural change, ecological adaptations, and biological evolution, and state-of-the-art methods in archaeology, geology and taphonomy, this project aims to make Olduvai one of the world’s best references for the understanding of the evolutionary processes that led to the emergence of the Acheulean, the longest lasting culture in the history of humankind.
Published: 2012

29. GIS, texts and images : new approaches.

Author: Gregory, Ian N., Cooper, D., British Academy (Funder), Gregory, Ian N., Cooper, D., and British Academy (Funder)
Abstract: In this talk, given at the Digital Humanities Conference 2010, we explore how effective Geographical Information Systems (GIS) can be as a tool to help us understand literary geographies and geographies found in other unstructured texts. Much of the paper describes work that maps and spatially analyses the descriptions of two eighteenth-century journeys around the Lake District. These were written by the poets Thomas Gray and Samuel Taylor Coleridge—respectively a proto-Picturesque and a Romantic writer. This explores how GIS can be used to develop our understanding of these relatively short texts and how the writers responded to the landscapes around them. It also explores how image-based data can be added to these. The paper then moves on to explore whether this approach could be applied to a much larger corpus, namely the Lancaster Newsbooks Corpus – 800,000 words taken from surviving seventeenth century newsbooks printed in London. The work we have done suggests that GIS can aid literary studies as a tool for both close and distant reading.
Published: 2011

30. Comprender lo virtual: conclusiones de un estudio evaluativo sobre reconstrucciones virtuales en los museos arqueológicos

Author: Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Grecia, British Academy, Pujol Tost, Laia, Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Grecia, British Academy, and Pujol Tost, Laia
Abstract: [ES] El objetivo de esta ponencia es presentar las conclusiones de un proyecto de investigación a medio plazo llevado a cabo en distintos museos europeos, con el objetivo de obtener datos empíricos sobre la contribución específica de la Realidad Virtual para la difusión de la Arqueología, su integración desde un punto de vista museográfico y su percepción y uso real por parte del público. La intención última de este proyecto es proporcionar un marco teórico-práctico general para el uso de la Realidad Virtual en el ámbito del patrimonio cultural, en el que se puedan encontrar las bases de su utilidad específica, instrumentos para su evaluación y, sobre todo, guías de diseño para futuras aplicaciones., [EN] This paper aims at presenting the conclusions of a middle-term research project undertaken in several European museums in order to obtain empirical data about the specific contribution of Virtual Reality for the dissemination of Archaeology, its integration in exhibitions and its perception and real use by audiences. The ultimate aim of this research project is to provide a theoretical and practical framework for the use of Virtual Reality in the Cultural Heritage field, in which professionals can find the basis of its specific usefulness, tools for its evaluation and, above all, guidelines for the design of future applications.
Published: 2010

31. Jewish Trading in Fez on the Eve of the Almohad Conquest

Author: British Academy, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Gallego García, María Ángeles [0000-0001-9987-5680], Bennison, Amira K., Gallego García, María Angeles, British Academy, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Gallego García, María Ángeles [0000-0001-9987-5680], Bennison, Amira K., and Gallego García, María Angeles
Abstract: This article presents a Genizah letter dealing with Jewish trade in Fes shortly after the Almohads had started their conquest of southern Morocco. The authors propose a new reading of the text, as part of a project of revision of primary sources related to interfaith relations under Almohad rule.
Published: 2008

32. Geoarchaeological Potential of the Western Bank of the Bilate River (Ethiopia)

Author: Dirección General de Bellas Artes (España), British Academy, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Mora, Rafael [0000-0001-7824-6818], Benito-Calvo, Alfonso, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Mora, Rafael, Tibebu, Dawit, Morán, Noemi, Martínez-Moreno, Jorge, Dirección General de Bellas Artes (España), British Academy, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Mora, Rafael [0000-0001-7824-6818], Benito-Calvo, Alfonso, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Mora, Rafael, Tibebu, Dawit, Morán, Noemi, and Martínez-Moreno, Jorge
Abstract: Geoarchaeological surveys carried out in the western bank of the middlelower course of the Bilate River (Ethiopia) have led to assess the paleoanthropological potential of this area. The Bilate Basin is located in the central zone of the Main Ethiopian Rift, characterized by important extensional stresses and eruptive activity (ignimbrites) during the Pliocene. In this region, several Quaternary sedimentary outcrops with archaeological occurrences were recognized. They are composed mainly of alluvial sediments related to valley infills and glacis, developed probably during the late Middle Pleistocene and Upper Pleistocene. Archaeological remains appear abundantly at the surface and less so within the stratigraphic units. The latter are composed mostly of fine-grain alluvial sediments, which include buried soils and interbedded volcanic material. Archaeological items consist mainly of obsidian artefacts corresponding to the Middle Stone Age or to the Later Stone Age, although eventually some well-made bifaces and cleavers have also been found. Fossil bones are scarce, but a few bovid fossil occurrences in valley infill sediments were recorded as well.
Published: 2007

33. High Commitment Management and Organisational Performance in Australia

Author: British Academy of Management, Knight-Turvey, Neal, British Academy of Management, and Knight-Turvey, Neal
Published: 2005

34. Browsing behaviour: A leisurely way to visit retail stores?

Author: Louvain School of Management - Marketing, Lombart, Cindy, Elizabeth, Howard, British Academy of Management Annual Conference, Louvain School of Management - Marketing, Lombart, Cindy, Elizabeth, Howard, and British Academy of Management Annual Conference
Abstract: Browsing behaviour in retail stores is an important aspect of experiential consumption, which has not been fully modelled. In this paper, we present the main antecedents and consequences of this behaviour. We also stress the influence of other consumers on some consequences of browsing. Finally, we propose a conceptual framework of browsing behaviour in retail stores.
Published: 2004

35. Balancing Work and Family: A Portrait of Australian Dual-Earner Families

Author: British Academy of Management, Gudmundsson, Amanda, Fowler, Jane, British Academy of Management, Gudmundsson, Amanda, and Fowler, Jane
Published: 2002

36. Bibliography of economics : 1751-1775 ([Reproduction en fac-similé]) / prepared for the British Academy by Henry Higgs

Author: British academy. Éditeur scientifique, Higgs, Henry (1864-1940). Auteur du texte, British academy. Éditeur scientifique, and Higgs, Henry (1864-1940). Auteur du texte
Abstract: Contient une table des matières, Bibliographie analytique
Published: 1935

37. The Crusade of Transitional Justice Tracing the Journeys of Hegemonic Claims

Author: The British Academy, Jamar, Astrid, The British Academy, and Jamar, Astrid
Abstract: Engaging with Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), this paper reviews the crusade of transitional justice by tracing the journeys of problematic claims across the world. Building on original empirical material, I document the dissemination of specific set of claims as well as their hegemonic functions through a systematic review of the transitional justice provisions contained in all peace agreements signed since 1990. I centre on the epistemic violence perpetuated through such normative crusade. The crusade and limitation of disseminated claims neglect the inevitable arguments about the past, frictions between legal ‘global standards,’ the resulting technocratic practices and the often-silenced politicised negotiations taking place through transitional justice practices. Gradually, the consolidation of hegemonic approaches took over institutional debates addressing legacies of mass violence and, consequently, silencing certain types of violence. In other words, I argue that transitional justice is simultaneously: 1) an increasingly normative and technocratic field that claims to deal with legacies of violent pasts for democratic futures, 2) a set of processes that silences normative and discursive battles about a violent past and perpetuates epistemic violence.

38. Plato's biography of Socrates,.

Author: Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward), 1869-1945., Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward), 1869-1945., British Academy., Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward), 1869-1945., Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward), 1869-1945., and British Academy.
Abstract: p. [93]-132., "Read March 28, 1917.", (dlps) AFX0184.0001.001, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AFX0184.0001.001, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

39. Plato's biography of Socrates,.

Author: Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward), 1869-1945., Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward), 1869-1945., British Academy., Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward), 1869-1945., Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward), 1869-1945., and British Academy.
Abstract: p. [93]-132., "Read March 28, 1917.", (dlps) AFX0184.0001.001, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/AFX0184.0001.001, http://quod.lib.umich.edu/t/text/accesspolicy.html

40. The Crusade of Transitional Justice Tracing the Journeys of Hegemonic Claims

Author: The British Academy, Jamar, Astrid, The British Academy, and Jamar, Astrid
Abstract: Engaging with Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), this paper reviews the crusade of transitional justice by tracing the journeys of problematic claims across the world. Building on original empirical material, I document the dissemination of specific set of claims as well as their hegemonic functions through a systematic review of the transitional justice provisions contained in all peace agreements signed since 1990. I centre on the epistemic violence perpetuated through such normative crusade. The crusade and limitation of disseminated claims neglect the inevitable arguments about the past, frictions between legal ‘global standards,’ the resulting technocratic practices and the often-silenced politicised negotiations taking place through transitional justice practices. Gradually, the consolidation of hegemonic approaches took over institutional debates addressing legacies of mass violence and, consequently, silencing certain types of violence. In other words, I argue that transitional justice is simultaneously: 1) an increasingly normative and technocratic field that claims to deal with legacies of violent pasts for democratic futures, 2) a set of processes that silences normative and discursive battles about a violent past and perpetuates epistemic violence.

41. Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author: Armin Raznahan, Eric Courchesne, Andrea Parolin Jackowski, Kamen A. Tsvetanov, Cameron T. Ellis, R.C. Gur, Bin Bae J, Park Mtm, Pedro A. Valdes-Sosa, Simon N. Vandekar, Jacob W. Vogel, Juan Zhou, Machteld Marcelis, Kiho Im, Patricia Ellen Grant, Minhui Ouyang, Blesa Cabez M, Michael V. Lombardo, Sarah E. Morgan, James P. Boardman, Adamson C, Calhoun Vd, Delarue M, James H. Cole, Pichet Binette A, Roberto Toro, David H. Rowitch, Nynke A. Groenewold, Kevin M. Anderson, David T.W. Jones, Michael Schöll, Wang Ys, Aiden Corvin, R.E. Gur, Damien A. Fair, Gareth Ball, Herma Lina Schaare, Andrew Zalesky, Evdokia Anagnostou, Michael J. Meaney, Taki Y, Gareth J. Sullivan, Warrier, Petra E. Vértes, Chixiang Chen, Lisa T. Eyler, Wei Liao, Tomáš Paus, Jeremy A. Elman, Phillip McGuire, Hisham Ziauddeen, William S. Kremen, Etienne Vachon-Presseau, E.T. Bullmore, Christophe Tzourio, White, Hammill Cf, Mothersill D, Richard N. Henson, Jiang Qiu, Duncan E. Astle, Fabrice Crivello, Paul C. Fletcher, Chertavian C, Kim K, Jennifer Crosbie, Russell Schachar, Gabriel A. Devenyi, Manfred G. Kitzbichler, Tianye Jia, Trey Hedden, Sang Jae Lee, Ross D. Markello, Silke Kern, Ian M. Goodyer, Keith A. Johnson, Frauke Beyer, Bernard Mazoyer, A. Heinz, Sylvane Desrivières, Rosenberg, Gary Donohoe, Ong Mq, Alexander D. Edwards, Dan J. Stein, Nenad Medic, Zuo Xn, Travis T. Mallard, Peter Fonagy, Lindsay W. Victoria, Ingmar Skoog, Avram J. Holmes, Jason P. Lerch, Jed T. Elison, Jianfu Li, John H. Gilmore, Rosemary Holt, Caitlin K. Rollins, Carol E. Franz, Pedro Mario Pan, Saashi A Bedford, Yang N, Jonathan C Ipser, Richard A. I. Bethlehem, Tuulari Jj, Stolicyn A, Hua Huang, Bratislav Misic, Conor Liston, Ayub M, Lisa Ronan, Yeo Bt, Sophie Adler, Charles J. Lynch, Faith M. Gunning, Konrad Wagstyl, M. Mallar Chakravarty, John Suckling, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, Bharath Holla, Yap Seng Chong, Jinglei Lv, Jakob Seidlitz, Niall J Bourke, Xinlei Qian, Simon Baron-Cohen, Cynthia M. Ortinau, Deirel Paz Linares, Thyreau B, René S. Kahn, Aaron P. Schultz, Vanessa Cropley, Eric Westman, Mitchell Valdés-Sosa, Rik Ossenkoppele, André Zugman, Hasse Karlsson, Sylvia Villeneuve, Katja Heuer, Di Biase Ma, Margaret L. Westwater, Sofie L. Valk, David J. Sharp, Brigitte Landeau, Matthew Borzage, Kirsten A. Donald, Timothy Rittman, Richard Beare, Giovanni Abrahão Salum, Gunter Schumann, Ryuta Kawashima, Romero-Garcia R, John Blangero, Yun Hj, Russel T. Shinohara, Nicolas Crossley, Simon K. Warfield, Karen Pierce, George S. Alexopoulos, Katharine Dunlop, David C. Glahn, Francois Lalonde, Anqi Qiu, Lana Vasung, Gaël Chételat, Lídice Galán-García, Clifford R. Jack, Reisa A. Sperling, Anna Zettergren, Elizabeth Kelley, Arno Villringer, Andrea Mechelli, Benegal, Aaron Alexander-Bloch, Nicholas B. Turk-Browne, van Amelsvoort T, John D. Lewis, Heather C. Whalley, A. V. Witte, Zdenka Pausova, Joel T. Nigg, Heather J. Zar, Raymond J. Dolan, Christopher D. Smyser, Jay N. Giedd, Lena Palaniyappan, Ali Gholipour, Areces-Gonzalez A, Peter B. Jones, Jacqueline Hoare, Oskar Hansson, Linnea Karlsson, C Pantelis, Paly L, Bonnie Auyeung, Jorge Bosch-Bayard, Bethlehem, Richard [0000-0002-0714-0685], White, Simon [0000-0001-8642-7037], Astle, Duncan [0000-0002-7042-5392], Baron-Cohen, Simon [0000-0001-9217-2544], Henson, Rik [0000-0002-0712-2639], Jones, Peter [0000-0002-0387-880X], Kitzbichler, Manfred [0000-0002-4494-0753], Rittman, Timothy [0000-0003-1063-6937], Rowitch, David [0000-0002-0079-0060], Tsvetanov, Kamen A. [0000-0002-3178-6363], Westwater-Wozniak, Margaret [0000-0002-2918-0979], Ziauddeen, Hisham [0000-0003-4044-1719], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, British Academy, Autism Research Trust, National Institute of Mental Health (US), UK Research and Innovation, Medical Research Council (UK), National Institute for Health and Care Research (US), Wellcome Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), University of Pennsylvania, Yale University [New Haven], Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie et imagerie des troubles neurologiques (PhIND), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department [AP- HP Hôpital Robert Debré], AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Département de Neuroscience - Department of Neuroscience, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire / Center for Research and Interdisciplinarity [Paris, France] (CRI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, MUMC+: MA Med Staf Spec Psychiatrie (9), Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neurodegeneration, 3R-BRAIN, AIBL, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Alzheimer’s Disease Repository Without Borders Investigators, CALM Team, Cam-CAN, CCNP, COBRE, cVEDA, ENIGMA Developmental Brain Age Working Group, Developing Human Connectome Project, FinnBrain, Harvard Aging Brain Study, IMAGEN, KNE96, The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, NSPN, POND, The PREVENT-AD Research Group, VETSA, [Bethlehem, R. A. I.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Auyeung, B.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Baron-Cohen, S.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Bedford, S. A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Holt, R.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Lombardo, M. V.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Autism Res Ctr, Cambridge, England, [Bethlehem, R. A. I.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Brain Mapping Unit, Cambridge, England, [Kitzbichler, M. G.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Brain Mapping Unit, Cambridge, England, [Seidlitz, J.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Vogel, J. W.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Gur, R. E.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Gur, R. C.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Jackowski, A. P.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Satterthwaite, T. D.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Alexander-Bloch, A. F.] Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Seidlitz, J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat & Behav Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Alexander-Bloch, A. F.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat & Behav Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Seidlitz, J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [Chertavian, C.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [Gur, R. E.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [Gur, R. C.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [Alexander-Bloch, A. F.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia & Penn Med, Lifespan Brain Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA, [White, S. R.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Goodyer, I. M.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Henson, R. N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Jones, P. B.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Kitzbichler, M. G.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Medic, N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Morgan, S. E.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Romero-Garcia, R.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Ronan, L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Suckling, J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Vertes, P. E.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Warrier, V.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Westwater, M. L.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Ziauddeen, H.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [Bullmore, E. T.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychiat, Cambridge, England, [White, S. R.] Univ Cambridge, MRC Biostat Unit, Cambridge, England, [Vogel, J. W.] Univ Penn, Lifespan Informat & Neuroimaging Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Satterthwaite, T. D.] Univ Penn, Lifespan Informat & Neuroimaging Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Anderson, K. M.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Ellis, C. T.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Turk-Browne, N. B.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Adamson, C.] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dev Imaging, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Ball, G.] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dev Imaging, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Beare, R.] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dev Imaging, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Jackowski, A. P.] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Dev Imaging, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Adamson, C.] Monash Univ, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Beare, R.] Monash Univ, Dept Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Adler, S.] UCL Great Ormond St Inst Child Hlth, London, England, [Alexopoulos, G. S.] Weill Cornell Med, Dept Psychiat, Weill Cornell Inst Geriatr Psychiat, New York, NY USA, [Anagnostou, E.] Univ Toronto, Dept Pediat, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Anagnostou, E.] Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabil Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Pierce, K.] Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabil Hosp, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Areces-Gonzalez, A.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, MOE Key Lab NeuroInformat, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Paz-Linares, D.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, MOE Key Lab NeuroInformat, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Areces-Gonzalez, A.] Univ Pinar del Rio Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca, Pinar Del Rio, Cuba, [Astle, D. E.] Univ Cambridge, MRC Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England, [Henson, R. N.] Univ Cambridge, MRC Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England, [Whalley, H. C.] Univ Cambridge, MRC Cognit & Brain Sci Unit, Cambridge, England, [Auyeung, B.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Philosophy Psychol & Language Sci, Dept Psychol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Pausova, Z.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Philosophy Psychol & Language Sci, Dept Psychol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Ayub, M.] Queens Univ, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Neurosci Studies, Kingston, ON, Canada, [Ayub, M.] UCL, Mental Hlth Neurosci Res Dept, Div Psychiat, London, England, [Bae, J.] Seoul Natl Univ, Bundang Hosp, Dept Neuropsychiat, Seongnam, South Korea, [Ball, G.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Paediat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Baron-Cohen, S.] Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Fdn Trust, Cambridge Lifetime Asperger Syndrome Serv CLASS, Cambridge, England, [Benegal, V.] Natl Inst Mental Hlth & Neurosci NIMHANS, Ctr Addict Med, Bengaluru, India, [Beyer, F.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Neurol, Leipzig, Germany, [Villringer, A.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Neurol, Leipzig, Germany, [Witte, A. V.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Dept Neurol, Leipzig, Germany, [Blangero, J.] Univ Texas Rio Grande Valley, South Texas Diabet & Obes Inst, Dept Human Genet, Edinburg, TX USA, [Blesa Cabez, M.] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Ctr Reprod Hlth, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Boardman, J. P.] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Ctr Reprod Hlth, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Sullivan, G.] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Ctr Reprod Hlth, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Borzage, M.] Univ Southern Calif, Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Keck Sch Med, Fetal & Neonatal Inst,Div Neonatol,Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA, [Bosch-Bayard, J. F.] Montreal Neurol Inst, Ludmer Ctr Neuroinformat & Mental Hlth, McGill Ctr Integrat Neurosci, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Bosch-Bayard, J. F.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Chakravarty, M. M.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Bourke, N.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Brain Sci, London, England, [Sharp, D.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Brain Sci, London, England, [Alexander-Bloch, A. F.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Brain Sci, London, England, [Bourke, N.] Dementia Res Inst, Care Res & Technol Ctr, London, England, [Calhoun, V. D.] Georgia State Univ, Triinst Ctr Translat Res Neuroimaging & Data Sci, Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA, [Calhoun, V. D.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA, [Chakravarty, M. M.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Cerebral Imaging Ctr, Comp Brain Anat CoBrA Lab, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Chen, C.] Univ Penn, Penn Stat Imaging & Visualizat Ctr, Dept Biostat Epidemiol & Informat, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Shinohara, R. T.] Univ Penn, Penn Stat Imaging & Visualizat Ctr, Dept Biostat Epidemiol & Informat, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Chetelat, G.] Normandie Univ, PhIND Physiopathol & Imaging Neurol Disorders, Inst Blood & Brain Caen Normandie, UNICAEN,INSERM,U1237, Caen, France, [Delarue, M.] Normandie Univ, PhIND Physiopathol & Imaging Neurol Disorders, Inst Blood & Brain Caen Normandie, UNICAEN,INSERM,U1237, Caen, France, [Landeau, B.] Normandie Univ, PhIND Physiopathol & Imaging Neurol Disorders, Inst Blood & Brain Caen Normandie, UNICAEN,INSERM,U1237, Caen, France, [Paly, L.] Normandie Univ, PhIND Physiopathol & Imaging Neurol Disorders, Inst Blood & Brain Caen Normandie, UNICAEN,INSERM,U1237, Caen, France, [Chong, Y. S.] Agcy Sci Technol & Res, Singapore Inst Clin Sci, Singapore, Singapore, [Chong, Y. S.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Singapore, Singapore, [Cole, J. H.] UCL, Ctr Med Image Comp CMIC, London, England, [Cole, J. H.] UCL, Dementia Res Ctr DRC, London, England, [Corvin, A.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Psychiat, Dublin, Ireland, [Costantino, M.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Cerebral Imaging Ctr, Verdun, PQ, Canada, [Costantino, M.] McGill Univ, Undergrad Program Neurosci, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Courchesne, E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA, [Courchesne, E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Autism Ctr Excellence, San Diego, CA 92103 USA, [Crivello, F.] Univ Bordeaux, Inst Neurodegenerat Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, Bordeaux, France, [Mazoyer, B.] Univ Bordeaux, Inst Neurodegenerat Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, Bordeaux, France, [Cropley, V. L.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Di Biase, M. 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J.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Villeneuve, S.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychol, New Haven, CT USA, [Holmes, A. J.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA, [Villeneuve, S.] Yale Univ, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA, [Huang, H.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Radiol Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Ouyang, M.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Radiol Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Huang, H.] Univ Penn, Dept Radiol, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Ipser, J.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat & Mental Hlth, Clin Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa, [Jack, C. R., Jr.] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN USA, [Jones, D. T.] Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Rochester, MN USA, Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Sao Paulo, Brazil, [Jackowski, A. P.] Natl Inst Dev Psychiat, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Jia, T.] Fudan Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Brain Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, Peoples R China, [Jia, T.] Fudan Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Computat Neurosci & Brain Inspired Intell, Shanghai, Peoples R China, [Jia, T.] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol & Neurosci, Ctr Populat Neurosci & Precis Med PONS, SGDP Ctr, London, England, [Johnson, K. A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Harvard Aging Brain Study, Boston, MA 02114 USA, [Schultz, A. P.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Harvard Aging Brain Study, Boston, MA 02114 USA, [Sperling, R. A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Harvard Aging Brain Study, Boston, MA 02114 USA, [Johnson, K. A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Neurol, Ctr Alzheimer Res & Treatment, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Sperling, R. A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Neurol, Ctr Alzheimer Res & Treatment, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Johnson, K. A.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA USA, [Jones, D. T.] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN USA, [3R-BRAIN] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN USA, [Kahn, R. S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA, [Karlsson, H.] Univ Turku, Dept Psychiat, Dept Clin Med, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Univ Turku, Dept Psychiat, Dept Clin Med, Turku, Finland, [Tuulari, J. J.] Univ Turku, Dept Psychiat, Dept Clin Med, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, H.] Univ Turku, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain & Mind Ctr, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Univ Turku, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain & Mind Ctr, Turku, Finland, [Tuulari, J. J.] Univ Turku, FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain & Mind Ctr, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, H.] Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland, [Tuulari, J. J.] Turku Univ Hosp, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, H.] Turku Univ Hosp, Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Turku Univ Hosp, Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, H.] Univ Turku, Turku, Finland, [Karlsson, L.] Univ Turku, Turku, Finland, [Kawashima, R.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging & Canc, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, [Taki, Y.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging & Canc, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, [Thyreau, B.] Tohoku Univ, Inst Dev Aging & Canc, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan, [Kelley, E. A.] Queens Univ, Ctr Neurosci Studies, Dept Psychol, Kingston, ON, Canada, [Kelley, E. A.] Queens Univ, Ctr Neurosci Studies, Dept Psychiat, Kingston, ON, Canada, [Kern, S.] Univ Gothenburg, Neuropsychiat Epidemiol Unit, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem,Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Ageing & Hlth AGECAP,Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Skoog, I.] Univ Gothenburg, Neuropsychiat Epidemiol Unit, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem,Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Ageing & Hlth AGECAP,Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Zettergren, A.] Univ Gothenburg, Neuropsychiat Epidemiol Unit, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem,Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Ageing & Hlth AGECAP,Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Kern, S.] Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Psychiat Cognit & Old Age Psychiat Clin, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Skoog, I.] Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Psychiat Cognit & Old Age Psychiat Clin, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Kim, K. W.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, Coll Nat Sci, Seoul, South Korea, [Kim, K. W.] Seoul Natl Univ, Bundang Hosp, Dept Neuropsychiat, Seongnam, South Korea, [Kim, K. W.] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Psychiat, Coll Med, Seoul, South Korea, [Kim, K. W.] SNU MRC, Inst Human Behav Med, Seoul, South Korea, [Lalonde, F.] NIMH, Sect Dev Neurogenom, Human Genet Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, [Raznahan, A.] NIMH, Sect Dev Neurogenom, Human Genet Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, [Lee, S.] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Brain & Cognit Sci, Seoul, South Korea, [Lerch, J.] Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Lerch, J.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Neurosci, FMRIB, Wellcome Ctr Integrat Neuroimaging, Oxford, England, [Lewis, J. D.] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Li, J.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Liao, W.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Valdes-Sosa, P. A.] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Clin Hosp, Chengdu Brain Sci Inst, Chengdu, Peoples R China, [Liston, C.] Weill Cornell Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA, [Liston, C.] Weill Cornell Med, Brain & Mind Res Inst, New York, NY USA, [Lombardo, M. V.] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Ctr Neurosci & Cognit Syst UniTn, Lab Autism & Neurodev Disorders, Rovereto, Italy, [Lv, J.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biomed Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia, [Lv, J.] Univ Sydney, Brain & Mind Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia, [Mallard, T. T.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Psychol, Austin, TX 78712 USA, [Marcelis, M.] Maastricht Univ, Sch Mental Hlth & Neurosci, Dept Psychiat & Neuropsychol, EURON,Med Ctr, Maastricht, Netherlands, [Marcelis, M.] Inst Mental Hlth Care Eindhoven GGzE, Eindhoven, Netherlands, [Markello, R. D.] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, McConnell Brain Imaging Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Misic, B.] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, McConnell Brain Imaging Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Vasung, L.] McGill Univ, Montreal Neurol Inst, McConnell Brain Imaging Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Mazoyer, B.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Ludmer Ctr Neuroinformat & Mental Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Meaney, M. J.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Ludmer Ctr Neuroinformat & Mental Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Meaney, M. J.] Singapore Inst Clin Sci, Singapore, Singapore, [Mechelli, A.] Bordeaux Univ Hosp, Bordeaux, France, [Morgan, S. E.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Comp Sci & Technol, Cambridge, England, [Morgan, S. E.] Alan Turing Inst, London, England, [Vertes, P. E.] Alan Turing Inst, London, England, [Mothersill, D.] Natl Coll Ireland, Sch Business, Dept Psychol, Dublin, Ireland, [Mothersill, D.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Psychol, Galway, Ireland, [Mothersill, D.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Ctr Neuroimaging & Cognit Genom, Galway, Ireland, [Mothersill, D.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Psychiat, Dublin, Ireland, [Nigg, J.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA, [Ong, M. Q. W.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Sleep & Cognit, Singapore, Singapore, [Qian, X.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Sleep & Cognit, Singapore, Singapore, [Zhou, J. H.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Sleep & Cognit, Singapore, Singapore, [Ortinau, C.] Washington Univ, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63130 USA, [Ossenkoppele, R.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Alzheimer Ctr Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Dept Neurol,Amsterdam Neurosci, Amsterdam, Netherlands, [Ossenkoppele, R.] Lund Univ, Clin Memory Res Unit, Lund, Sweden, [Palaniyappan, L.] Univ Western Ontario, Robarts Res Inst, London, ON, Canada, [Palaniyappan, L.] Univ Western Ontario, Brain & Mind Inst, London, ON, Canada, [Pan, P. M.] Fed Univ Sao Poalo UNIFESP, Dept Psychiat, Sao Poalo, Brazil, [Pan, P. M.] Natl Inst Dev Psychiat Children & Adolescents INP, Sao Poalo, Brazil, [Zugman, A.] Natl Inst Dev Psychiat Children & Adolescents INP, Sao Poalo, Brazil, [Pantelis, C.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne Neuropsychiat Ctr, Carlton, Vic, Australia, [Pantelis, C.] Melbourne Hlth, Carlton, Vic, Australia, [Pantelis, C.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Engn, Parkville, Vic, Australia, [Pantelis, C.] Florey Inst Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Parkville, Vic, Australia, [Park, M. M.] Western Univ, Schulich Sch Med & Dent, Dept Psychiat, London, ON, Canada, [Rollins, C. K.] Univ Montreal, Dept Psychiat, Fac Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Rollins, C. K.] Univ Montreal, CHU St Justine, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Romero-Garcia, R.] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Romero-Garcia, R.] Univ Toronto, Dept Psychol, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Rosenberg, M. D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Physiol, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Rosenberg, M. D.] Univ Toronto, Dept Nutr Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada, [Paz-Linares, D.] Cuban Neurosci Ctr, Havana, Cuba, [Pichet Binette, A.] McGill Univ, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Villeneuve, S.] McGill Univ, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Pichet Binette, A.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Villeneuve, S.] Douglas Mental Hlth Univ Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Qiu, J.] Southwest Univ, Sch Psychol, Chongqing, Peoples R China, [Qiu, A.] Natl Univ Singapore, N1 Inst Hlth, Dept Biomed Engn, Singapore, Singapore, [Rittman, T.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Clin Neurosci, Cambridge, England, [Tsvetanov, K. A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Clin Neurosci, Cambridge, England, [Rollins, C. K.] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02115 USA, [Rollins, C. K.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA USA, [Romero-Garcia, R.] Univ Seville, Dpto Fisiol Med & Biofis, Inst Biomed Sevilla IBiS HUVR CSIC, Seville, Spain, [Rosenberg, M. D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Psychol, 5848 S Univ Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA, [Rosenberg, M. D.] Univ Chicago, Inst Neurosci, Chicago, IL USA, [Rowitch, D. H.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Paediat, Cambridge, England, [Rowitch, D. H.] Univ Cambridge, Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Inst, Cambridge, England, [Salum, G. A.] Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul UFRGS, Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Dept Psychiat, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, [Salum, G. A.] Natl Inst Dev Psychiat INPD, Sao Paulo, Brazil, [Schaare, H. L.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Otto Hahn Grp Cognit Neurogenet, Leipzig, Germany, [Schaare, H. L.] Res Ctr Juelich, Inst Neurosci & Med INM 7 Brain & Behav, Julich, Germany, [Schultz, A. P.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Radiol, Athinoula Martinos Ctr Biomed Imaging, Charlestown, MA USA, [Schumann, G.] Fudan Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Brain Inspired Intelligence, Ctr Populat Neurosci & Stratified Med PONS, Shanghai, Peoples R China, [Schumann, G.] Charite Campus Mitte, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Charite Mental Hlth, PONS Ctr, Berlin, Germany, [Scholl, M.] Univ Gothenburg, Wallenberg Ctr Mol & Translat Med, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Scholl, M.] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem, Gothenburg, Sweden, [Scholl, M.] UCL, Queens Sq Inst Neurol, Dementia Res Ctr, London, England, [Sharp, D.] UK Dementia Res Inst, Care Res & Technol Ctr, London, England, [Shinohara, R. T.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Ctr Biomed Image Comp & Analyt, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA, [Smyser, C. D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, [Smyser, C. D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, [Smyser, C. D.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Radiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA, [Stein, D. J.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat, SA MRC Unit Risk & Resilience Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa, [Stein, D. J.] Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa, [Stolicyn, A.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Clin Brain Sci, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Whalley, H. C.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Clin Brain Sci, Div Psychiat, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland, [Toro, R.] Inst Pasteur, Dept Neurosci, Paris, France, [Traut, N.] Inst Pasteur, Dept Neurosci, Paris, France, [Traut, N.] Univ Paris 05, Ctr Res & Interdisciplinar CRI, Paris, France, [Tsvetanov, K. A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychol, Cambridge, England, [Turk-Browne, N. B.] Yale Univ, Wu Tsai Inst, New Haven, CT USA, [Tuulari, J. J.] Univ Turku, Dept Clin Med, Turku, Finland, [Tuulari, J. J.] Univ Turku, Turku Coll Sci Med & Technol, Turku, Finland, [Tzourio, C.] Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux Populat Hlth Res Ctr, CHU Bordeaux, U1219,INSERM, Bordeaux, France, [Vachon-Presseau, E.] McGill Univ, Fac Dent Med & Oral Hlth Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Valdes-Sosa, P. A.] McGill Univ, Alan Edwards Ctr Res Pain AECRP, Montreal, PQ, Canada, [Valk, S. L.] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Neurosci & Med 7, Julich, Germany, [Valk, S. L.] Max Planck Inst Human Cognit & Brain Sci, Leipzig, Germany, [van Amelsvoort, T.] Maastricht Univ, Dept Psychiat & Neurosychol, Maastricht, Netherlands, [Vandekar, S. N.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biostat, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA, [Villeneuve, S.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN USA, [Villringer, A.] Univ Leipzig, Clin Cognit Neurol, Med Ctr, Leipzig, Germany, [Witte, A. V.] Univ Leipzig, Clin Cognit Neurol, Med Ctr, Leipzig, Germany, [Zuo, X. N.] Univ Leipzig, Clin Cognit Neurol, Med Ctr, Leipzig, Germany, [Wang, Y. S.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yang, N.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yeo, B.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Zuo, X. N.] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Cognit Neurosci & Learning, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Wang, Y. S.] Beijing Normal Univ, IDG McGovern Inst Brain Res, Dev Populat Neuroscience Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yang, N.] Beijing Normal Univ, IDG McGovern Inst Brain Res, Dev Populat Neuroscience Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Zuo, X. N.] Beijing Normal Univ, IDG McGovern Inst Brain Res, Dev Populat Neuroscience Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Wang, Y. S.] Natl Basic Sci Data Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yang, N.] Natl Basic Sci Data Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Zuo, X. N.] Natl Basic Sci Data Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Wang, Y. S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Lifespan Dev Brain & Mind, Inst Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Yang, N.] Chinese Acad Sci, Res Ctr Lifespan Dev Brain & Mind, Inst Psychol, Beijing, Peoples R China, [Westman, E.] Karolinska Inst, Ctr Alzheimer Res, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Div Clin Geriatr, Stockholm, Sweden, [Witte, A. V.] Univ Leipzig, CRC 1052 Obes Mech, Fac Med, Leipzig, Germany, [Zhou, J. H.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Singapore, Singapore, [Yeo, B.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Sleep & Cognit, Singapore, Singapore, [Yeo, B.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Translat MR Res, Singapore, Singapore, [Yeo, B.] Natl Univ Singapore, N1 Inst Hlth, Singapore, Singapore, [Yeo, B.] Natl Univ Singapore, Inst Digital Med, Singapore, Singapore, [Yun, H.] Natl Univ Singapore, Integrat Sci & Engn Programme ISEP, Singapore, Singapore, [Zar, H. J.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Biomed Engn, Melbourne, Vic, Australia, [Zhou, J. H.] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Ctr Translat Magnet Resonance Res, Singapore, Singapore, [Ziauddeen, H.] Univ Cambridge, Wellcome Trust MRC Inst Metab Sci, Cambridge, England, [Zugman, A.] NIMH, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA, [Zugman, A.] Escola Paulista Med, Dept Psychiat, Sao Paulo, Brazil, [Zuo, X. N.] Nanning Normal Univ, Sch Educ Sci, Key Lab Brain & Educ, Nanning, Peoples R China, British Academy Postdoctoral fellowship, NIMH, UKRI Medical Research Council, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, NIHR Senior Investigator award, MRC research infrastructure award, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), and Ontario Brain Institute
Subjects: 631/378/2649, OpenPain Project, KNE96, Growth, Psychiatric-disorders, DISEASE, 3R-BRAIN, Brain charts, MRI Brain, OASIS-3, Disease, CCNP, 631/378/2571, UMN BCP, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS, article, Brain, Human brain, ASSOCIATION, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Harvard Aging Brain Study, The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging, NSPN, medicine.anatomical_structure, GROWTH, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], ddc:500, BURDEN, WHITE-MATTER, FinnBrain, Harvard Aging Brain Study, Organization, Mri, MRI, medicine.medical_specialty, Concurrent validity, MODELS, Cam-CAN, Longevity, CALM Team, POND, Neuroimaging, Burden, ORGANIZATION, AIBL, The PREVENT-AD Research Group, VETSA, Cortical thickness, Association, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, FinnBrain, IMAGEN, KNE96, White-matter, medicine, Humans, ASRB, 631/378/1689, COBRE, business.industry, 631/378/2611, Brain morphometry, Neurosciences, Alzheimer’s Disease Repository Without Borders Investigators, Magnetic resonance imaging, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Anthropometry, Body Height, Brain growth, Birth, 59/57, Normative, IMAGEN, ENIGMA Developmental Brain Age working group, NSPN, business, CCNP, 3R-BRAIN, CORTICAL THICKNESS, Developing Human Connectome Project, ENIGMA Developmental Brain Age working group, The PREVENT-AD Research Group, VETSA, Bullmore, E.T
Abstract: Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes., R.A.I.B. was supported by a British Academy Postdoctoral fellowship and by the Autism Research Trust. J. Seidlitz was supported by NIMH T32MH019112-29 and K08MH120564. S.R.W. was funded by UKRI Medical Research Council MC_UU_00002/2 and was supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014). E.T.B. was supported by an NIHR Senior Investigator award and the Wellcome Trust collaborative award for the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network. A.F.A.-B. was supported by NIMH K08MH120564. Data were curated and analysed using a computational facility funded by an MRC research infrastructure award (MR/M009041/1) to the School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge and supported by the mental health theme of the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.
Published: 2022
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42. Invented Borders: The Tension Between Grassroots Patriotism and State-Led Patriotic Campaigns in China

Author: Chi Zhang, Yiben Ma, The British Academy, and University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
Subjects: Nationalism, Low-level red, T-NDAS, Geography, Planning and Development, Development, Social media, MCP, JQ, Political Science and International Relations, High-level black, Propaganda, Satire, JQ Political institutions Asia, Patriotic campaigns
Abstract: Funding: Chi Zhang is funded by the British Academy Postdoctoral Fellowship (PF20/100052). Patriotic campaigns and mass mobilization draw on existing xenophobic attitudes of the public, reinforcing the ‘us vs. them’ dualism between China and ‘the West’. However, patriotic campaigns are not always top-down, state-led, nor are they always primarily driven by political ideology. Patriotic content appeals to a growing nationalist audience who consumes a mixed feeling of perceived victimization at the hand of foreign aggression and the pride arising from being a Chinese citizen. This paper argues that the profitability of patriotic content circulating on social media exacerbated the tension between market-driven grassroots patriotism and state-led patriotic campaigns. The tension grows out of, and is manifested in, the online popular debate around economically driven, grassroots ‘patriotic’ content that can challenge the state state-led patriotic rhetoric. While the state sometimes strategically co-opts some patriotic contents into its own patriotic narratives, it also delegitimises other undesired ones through labels such as ‘high-level black’ (gaoji hei) or ‘low-level red’ (diji hong). These labels were initially used to differentiate meticulously crafted political satire and parody from incompetent, illogical and vulgar propaganda pieces that unintendedly blemish the state’s patriotic campaigns, but later evolved into an exercise of power to distance the CCP from undesired patriotic content. Publisher PDF
Published: 2023
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43. Impaired, 'easy prey' saved by the she-empowering state : official narratives of 'Xinjiang women' in China's 'People's War on Terror'

Author: Pablo A. Rodríguez-Merino, Chi Zhang, The British Academy, and University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
Subjects: China, Sociology and Political Science, T-NDAS, SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Gender, Gender Studies, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Agency, MCP, Political Science and International Relations, Uyghur, Terrorism, JZ International relations, JZ
Abstract: This work was supported by the British Academy [Grant Number PF20_100052]. Feminist approaches to international security have revealed persistent gendered stereotypes in the construction of women in contexts of political violence and terrorism, including the Global War on Terror. Acknowledging the parallelism with the United States-led enterprise in its endeavor to “save” a female population and re-posing one of the most significant questions in gender-informed security studies, this article asks “Where are the women in China’s ‘People’s War on Terror’ (PWoT)?” It takes the idea of agency as pivotal in answering this question and investigates how the Chinese state has (im)mobilized, through concealment or deployment, the idea of and potential for agency when positioning Uyghur and other Turkic Muslim women in Xinjiang as specific subjects in the context of the PWoT. The article reveals the establishment of a gendered hierarchy of power in the Chinese counterterrorism playbook, one that fixes “Xinjiang women” as securitized and passive victims in need of rescuing by a state that continues to suppress their agency, despite official claims to the contrary. Publisher PDF
Published: 2023

44. Identifying intentional flake production at the dawn of technology: A technological and 3D geometric morphometric study

Author: Tomos Proffitt, Jonathan S. Reeves, Tiago Falótico, Adrián Arroyo, Ignacio de la Torre, Eduardo B. Ottoni, Lydia V. Luncz, Leakey Foundation, British Academy, Max Planck Society, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Research Council, and de la Torre, Ignacio
Subjects: Archeology, Percussive technology, Oldowan, Primate tool use, Capuchins
Abstract: The production of sharp-edged stone flakes is often viewed as a unique adaptation specific to the hominin lineage. The discovery of large stone cores and flakes dated to 3.3 Ma has shown that the earliest evidence of hominin stone flake production differs from the later Oldowan (dated to 2.6 Ma) record. Recent discoveries have shown that capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus) can unintentionally produce sharp-edged flake assemblages as a by-product of percussive behaviour. Capuchin monkeys are the only wild primate to intentionally strike two stones together (stone-on-stone percussion) to produce quartz powder. In doing so, they unintentionally produce high frequencies of sharp-edged flakes. It has been suggested that these possess the same technological attributes commonly used to describe intentional hominin stone flakes. Here we directly compare the basic morphometric descriptions, technological and 3D morphometric properties of unintentional capuchin flakes with experimentally produced flakes derived from two intentional flaking techniques employed during the Plio-Pleistocene, freehand and passive hammer knapping and a sample of Oldowan freehand flakes from Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania). Our results show that unintentional stone-on-stone flakes overlap in terms of their shape, size and technological attributes with those produced through intentional knapping techniques. We, however, identify attributes that may be critical for differentiating between intentional knapping techniques documented in the early archaeological record and unintentional flakes. Using these data we show that Oldowan flakes more closely resemble intentional freehand techniques., Fieldwork at SCNP was approved by Brazilian environmental protection agencies (IBAMA/ICMBio authorizations 14825–1 and 60134–1). Support for fieldwork and analysis was provided by FUMDHAM and funded by a Leakey Foundation Grant and British Academy Fellowship (Project Number: 542133) (to T.P.). Support was also provided by the Max Planck Society (Technological Primates Research Group). T.F. is supported by grants #2019/00716–2 and #2018/01292–9, São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). AA is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the “Maria de Maeztu” excellence accreditation (CEX 2019-000945-M), and the Generalitat de Catalunya-AGAUR projects 2017- SGR-1040. I. de la T. is supported by the European Research Council (BICAEHFID) Advanced Grant – 832980. E.B.O is supported by FAPESP grant #2014/04818–0; CNPq PQ grant # 308746/2017–1
Published: 2023

45. China’s emergence and development challenges that China faces in Central Asia

Author: Zhang, Chi, The British Academy, and University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
Subjects: MCC, Central Asia, Belt and road initiative, Sino-Russian relations, SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, Security cooperation, T-DAS, Terrorism, JZ International relations, DS Asia, JZ, DS
Abstract: Funding: British Academy Postdoctoral Fellowship: PF20_100052. Development in Central Asia faces intensifying headwinds in various aspects. Terrorism and political instability have been the primary sources of concern for this chessboard of rivaling great powers. The US’s withdrawal from Afghanistan left a power vacuum, and the region’s future is further clouded by elevated uncertainty. The so-called ‘new Cold War’ discourse is becoming a self-fulfilling prophecy that contextualizes regional geopolitical maneuverings. These developments present a pressing need to evaluate development challenges in Central Asia in the context of China’s rising influence in the region through the Belt and Road Initiative and other regional frameworks, such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and China Pakistan Economic Corridor. This paper seeks to examine the shifting geopolitical and geoeconomic landscape in Central Asia in the context of global ideological confrontations and the regional Great Game between China and Russia. Drawing on think tank reports, English-language media reports, and scholarly works, it argues that China’s investment and development strategy in Central Asia can be improved by giving geopolitical and geoeconomic factors full consideration. The changing political dynamics in the region have significant implications for China’s engagement with Central Asian countries, its broader Belt and Road Initiative extending through Central Asia to Europe, and development challenges that transcend the dualistic categorization of development and security. Publisher PDF
Published: 2022
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46. The Ethnic Stacking in Africa Dataset: When leaders use ascriptive identity to build military loyalty

Author: Kristen A. Harkness, The British Academy, and University of St Andrews. School of International Relations
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, Core (game theory), media_common.quotation_subject, Political Science and International Relations, Loyalty, Ethnic group, Identity (social science), DAS, Gender studies, JZ International relations, Sociology, JZ, media_common
Abstract: This work was supported by the British Academy (grant number SG171429). Ethnicity has played a core role in the construction of African security institutions, with leaders often relying on coethnics to secure military loyalty. Such practices, termed ethnic stacking, likely have profound consequences for a range of important outcomes, from combat effectiveness to coup propensity to democratization. The Ethnic Stacking in Africa Dataset provides the first comprehensive data on the ethnic stacking practices of all African countries, from independence to 2018 (with 95.7% of leaders and 98.3% of country years recovered). This new data will allow scholars to better understand African militaries and their behavior and capabilities. Publisher PDF
Published: 2021
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47. Utopias of Oil

Author: Mette High, European Research Council, The Leverhulme Trust, The British Academy, and University of St Andrews. Social Anthropology
Subjects: MCC, HD, Energy, T-NDAS, Capitalist visions, Oil, United States, AC, HD Industries. Land use. Labor, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), GN, Anthropology, GN Anthropology, Utopia, Finance, SDG 15 - Life on Land
Abstract: Funding: In addition to the funding I have received from the European Research Council (grant agreement No. 715146), I also gratefully acknowledge funding for this research from the Leverhulme Trust (ECF-2013-177) and the British Academy (EN150010). At a time of a "private equity oil rush," this essay explores how oil industry entrepreneurs with ambitions of setting up their own oil-production companies are encouraged to "dream big"- yet are ultimately disciplined and let down- by private equity finance in the state of Colorado in the United States. Motivated by a desire to "do oil differently," these start-ups articulate utopian visions that draw on inequalities in extractive economies to promote an ethos of care and inclusion. I argue that while economic imaginations are commonly seen to offer alternatives to and critiques of capitalism, it is important also to attend to articulations of capitalist utopia. As private equity has come to form a secreted infrastructure that underlies much of the world's financial system and encourages entrepreneurial optimism and euphoria, I explore how the contemporary life of capitalism stimulates attitudes to wealth creation that remain markedly conventional and unadventurous. Publisher PDF
Published: 2022
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48. Liberalism in fragments: oligarchy and the liberal subject in Ukrainian news journalism

Author: Taras Fedirko, The British Academy, and University of St Andrews. Social Anthropology
Subjects: Sociology and Political Science, Liberal subject, Journalism, Ukrainian, T-NDAS, Subject (philosophy), Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Political science, 050602 political science & public administration, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Economic history, GN Anthropology, 0601 history and archaeology, Liberalism, 060101 anthropology, European research, 05 social sciences, 06 humanities and the arts, 16. Peace & justice, Oligarchy, language.human_language, 0506 political science, GN, Anthropology, language, Ukraine
Abstract: Funding: British Academy (GrantNumber(s): PF20\100094), H2020 European Research Council (GrantNumber(s): 683033). This article explores the place of liberal subjectivity in the professional culture of Ukrainian journalists to analyse a more general process by which liberal ideas are transferred from contexts of hegemonic liberalism at the core of the global capitalist system, to its postsocialist margins. I outline how certain Anglo- American ideals of good journalistic practice, which encode traits of liberal subjectivity, are borrowed and elaborated by a Western-funded movement for an anti-oligarchic liberal reform of Ukrainian journalism; and examine how these ideals are taken up within oligarch-controlled media, a context that the reformers see as inimical to liberalism. Through an ethnographic portrait of an editor- censor at a major oligarch-owned TV channel in Ukraine, I analyse how she reworks these professional ideals in ways that simultaneously uphold oligarchic patronage, and extend the reach of liberalism in Ukraine. This reveals how in the contradictory force field of global capitalism, both the reformers and those whom they seek to reform, are part of the same actually-existing liberalism. I propose that to better understand cases like this, we need to learn to see liberalism in fragments: as always partial and incomplete, and as constituted by multiple elements. Publisher PDF
Published: 2021
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49. Grammars of liberalism

Author: Hugh F. Williamson, Farhan Samanani, Taras Fedirko, The British Academy, and University of St Andrews. Social Anthropology
Subjects: Sociology and Political Science, media_common.quotation_subject, Neoliberalism (international relations), T-NDAS, Neoliberalism, 0507 social and economic geography, Comparison, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Political science, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Economic history, GN Anthropology, media_common.cataloged_instance, 0601 history and archaeology, Liberalism, European union, Ideology, media_common, 060101 anthropology, Horizon (archaeology), European research, 05 social sciences, Values, 06 humanities and the arts, 16. Peace & justice, GN, Anthropology, 050703 geography
Abstract: Taras Fedirko would like to acknowledge funding from the British Academy (grant no. PF20/100094) and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no. 683033). Liberalism has been fundamental to the making of the modern world, at times shaping basic assumptions as to the nature of the political, and in other cases existing as a delimited political project in contention with others. Across its long history, liberal projects have taken a diverse range of forms, which resist easy reduction to a single logic or history. This diversity, however, has often escaped anthropological attention. In this introduction to our special section on Grammars of Liberalism, we briefly trace this historical diversity, interrogate anthropological approaches to conceptualizing liberalism, and offer a broad framework for studying liberalism which remains attentive to both continuity and difference. Firstly, we argue for attention to how the political claims made by liberal projects unfold at the levels of values, their interrelations (morphology), and the underlying rules governing the expression and combination of values, and their intelligibility as liberal (grammar). Secondly, we argue for empirical attention to how values are expressed and liberal projects assembled across different social forms. We argue that this approach enables anthropology to grasp the diversity of liberal political projects and subject positions while still allowing scholars to approach liberalism critically and to interrogate its underlying logics. Publisher PDF Non
Published: 2021
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50. The Norse Waterways of West Mainland Orkney, Scotland

Author: C. Richard Bates, John E. Whittaker, Alexandra Sanmark, Barbara E. Crawford, Martin Bates, The British Academy, University of St Andrews. Coastal Resources Management Group, University of St Andrews. School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews. Centre for Ancient Environmental Studies, University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Sustainability Institute, University of St Andrews. St Andrews Institute of Medieval Studies, and University of St Andrews. School of History
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Vessel, NDAS, Waterway, Toponymy, 01 natural sciences, G1, SDG 13 - Climate Action, 0601 history and archaeology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Viking, GE, 060102 archaeology, G Geography (General), CC Archaeology, 06 humanities and the arts, CC, Archaeology, Geography, Norse, Viking Age, Period (geology), Palaeo-environment, Mainland, Orkney, GE Environmental Sciences
Abstract: This study was funded by BA/Leverhulme Small Research Grants 2017-18 Round. Norse place-names for farms, individual landscape features and general landscape areas are ubiquitous throughout the Orkney Islands. These have an origin during the mediaeval period AD790–1350 when Orkney was ruled by Scandinavian earls. The oldest referenced maps for the parish of Harray (West Mainland, Orkney) suggests that in the past significant waterways crossed wetlands extending between the Loch of Harray and Houseby in an area associated with the earldom power base at Birsay. Subsequent drainage projects, changes in climate and sea level have since resulted in the loss of the waterways. An investigation of the wetlands using geophysical and geological analysis provided a reconstruction of the palaeo-environments. Comparison with place-names of significance allowed interpretation of possible routeways along navigable waters by shallow-draught Viking-Age vessels. The results allow for re-drawing the map of Norse Orkney and postulation of produce transfer corridors from estates in the south to the power centre at Birsay. Postprint
Published: 2020
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