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BackgroundUnder the pressure of the outbreak of respiratory Human Adenovirus (HAdV) infections in children in Northern Vietnam in the end of 2022, this study was initiated to identify the HAdV subtype(s) responsible for the outbreak in relation to the clinical features of the patients and examine the risk factors of more severe cases.MethodsThe study was conducted on pediatric patients tested positive with HAdV using multiplex real- time PCR between October and November 2022. Nasal swab samples were used for sequencing to identify HAdV subtypes and clinical data were collected retrospectively.ResultsAmong 97 successfully sequenced samples, the predominant subtypes were HAdV-B3 (83%), HAdV-B7 (16%) and HAdV-C2 (1%). Lower respiratory manifestations were found in 25% of patients (5% with severe pneumonia). There was no significant association between HAdV type and clinical features except that those infected with HAdV type 3 exhibited higher WBC and neutrophil % (pConclusionHAdV-B3 and HAdV-B7 were predominant in the outbreak. Co-infection of HAdV together with other respiratory viruses or bacteria was a strong risk factor for lower respiratory tract illnesses and severe pneumonia. The findings advocate the advantages of multi-factor microbial panels for the diagnosis and prognosis of respiratory infections in children.

Sustainable Teacher Education and Professional Development

Reorienting teacher education should be placed at the heart of reorienting education towards sustainable development. This requires that teacher education institutes reorient and redefine their outcome standards as well as redesign their training programs accordingly to incorporate and implement Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). Although many efforts have been made to promote ESD in teacher training, little information is available regarding to what extent ESD is integrated in teacher training programs or curricula. This study examines how ESD is incorporated in teacher training programs in terms of learning content, learning outcomes and didactic approach, through analyzing 429 course syllabi offered by the Hanoi National University of Education (HNUE) in Vietnam. HNUE training programs were found to contain some elements of ESD but they lack coherence or systematic inclusion. The results suggest needed strategic changes at organizational (university) and individual (instructor) levels to improve ESD in teacher education. This paper contributes to the discussion on the implementation of a holistic curricular assessment approach for three aspects of ESD (learning content, learning outcomes and didactic approach) and highlights the ongoing need for improving curricular assessment strategies for sustainability.

This paper investigates how ESD is recontextualised in pedagogic practice in geography teaching in Hanoi, Vietnam, with the case study in two schools. Empirical materials for this study include vid...

The unjamming-jamming transition of a concentrated oil-in-water emulsion is generally characterized by a critical volume fraction of the dispersed phase. However, in this work, we demonstrate that both liquid-like emulsions and solid-like glasses can coexist in a certain range of volume fraction. At a given volume fraction, jammed glasses can be obtained from their emulsions directly by applying mechanical agitation. This agitation-induced ergodic-nonergodic transition is attributed to the reduction of the droplet size. The decrease of the droplet size leads to a significant growth of lubrication repulsions between neighboring particles. This coexistent behavior indicates that size does matter in concentrated dispersions of soft particles. An application example showed that the elasticity of solid-like glass can give the medium supporting ability while the liquid-like emulsion cannot.

Directly writing 3D structures into supporting mediums is a relatively new developing technology in additive manufacturing. In this work, durable and recyclable liquid-like solid (LLS) materials are developed as supporting mediums that are stable for both UV and thermal solidification. Our LLS material is comprised of densely packed oil droplets in a continuous aqueous medium, known as emulsion glass. Its elastic nature emerges from the jammed structure of oil droplets, which offers this LLS material rapidly self-healing ability. Moreover, the yield stress of the glass is relatively low and can be tuned by the viscosity and weight percentage of oil. The capability of the emulsion glass as supporting mediums is successfully demonstrated by directly writing and then curing designed structures. The emulsion glass has been repeatedly used at least 6 times upon exposure to UV irradiation and heat, implying it can expand the applications of supporting medium to the writing process involving UV- and thermal-curable inks simultaneously.

The solid-like oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion can be classified into two types, gelator-induced gel and gelator-free glass, based on the requirement of gelator addition and solidification mechanisms. In this work, the O/W emulsion glass with scanty-water belonging to the gelator-free type was successfully fabricated through a low-energy process even when the content of aqueous surfactant solution was as low as 1 wt%. In an attempt to develop this scanty-water O/W glass, two newly designed approaches subject to mechanical agitation were proposed. The first approach of glass formation was induced by the growth of glass nuclei, which is similar to the mechanism of crystal growth. In the second approach, the water content in the emulsion was diluted by oil addition, leading to the direct transformation from emulsion to glass. Both approaches undergo a crossover associated with the jamming transition. According to rheological measurements, our emulsion glasses possess solid-like behaviors such as elastic modulus and yield stress. Moreover, the O/W glass with scanty-water can be strengthened by reducing the water content.

Truc Thanh Thai,1 Mairwen K Jones,2 Thao Phuong Nguyen,1 Thao Van Pham,1 Han Hy Thi Bui,3 Loan Xuan Kim,1 Tap Van Nguyen4 1Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam; 2Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; 3Woolcock Institute of Medical Research Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; 4Department of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh, VietnamCorrespondence: Truc Thanh ThaiFaculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, VietnamTel +84 908381266Email thaithanhtruc@ump.edu.vnTap Van NguyenDepartment of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh, VietnamTel +84 914064340Email nvtap@tvu.edu.vnPurpose: Research conducted across different countries has consistently identified non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) to be a common and significant public health problem. This study examined the prevalence, associated factors and functions of NSSI, among a large sample of Vietnamese adolescents.Methods: A total of 1316 high school students (15– 18 years old, 63.3% female) across urban and suburban areas in Ho Chi Minh City, participated in this cross-sectional study. NSSI was assessed by the Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation.Results: Almost half (43.9%) of the adolescents engaged in at least one type of NSSI within the preceding 12-month period and more than one quarter (26.1%) engaged in multiple types of NSSI. Hitting self on purpose (23.1%), picking at a wound (17.0%), or biting self (16.7%) were the most frequent behaviours. Severe forms of NSSI such as scraping, burning or erasing skin were reported by 17.2%. The most common functions for NSSI were to stop bad feelings (56.0%), to punish self (48.7%), to get control of a situation (44.0%) and to feel relaxed (42.2%). Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were significant factors associated with NSSI, particularly for participants who engaged in moderate/severe NSSI and multiple types of NSSI.Conclusion: High rates of NSSI were found in Vietnamese adolescents. There is a pressing need for the development and implementation of effective interventions to reduce NSSI. Strategies that promote positive mental health and reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress as well as approaches that help adolescents manage their internal emotions are likely to be beneficial.Keywords: non-suicidal self-injury, functions, high school students, adolescents, associated factors, Vietnam

This study aimed to compare the genetic gains of two different selection methods for agronomic traits in soybean. A population from the cross of VI045032 x 4904 (LSB10) was advanced using the bulk method and modified bulk method to the F6 generation. Measured traits were growth duration, plant height, height of the first pod node, number of pods per plant, the percentage of 3-seeded pods, 100-seed weight, individual yield, and yield. Both methods were equally efficient and could be used for segregating and the stabilizing phase of progenies/populations of soybean crosses. However, the bulk method appeared to be more efficient for the improvement of yield-related traits while the modified bulk method was more efficient for the improvement of morphological traits.

This article discusses how the purpose of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is reflected within the perception of teachers and educational stakeholders in Vietnam and whether a difference...

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a critical role in curbing impulsive behavior, but the underlying circuit mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here we show that a subset of dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC) layer 5 pyramidal neurons, which project to the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of the basal ganglia, play a key role in inhibiting impulsive responses in a go/no-go task. Projection-specific labeling and calcium imaging showed that the great majority of STN-projecting neurons were preferentially active in no-go trials when the mouse successfully withheld licking responses, but lateral hypothalamus (LH)-projecting neurons were more active in go trials with licking; visual cortex (V1)-projecting neurons showed only weak task-related activity. Optogenetic activation and inactivation of STN-projecting neurons reduced and increased inappropriate licking, respectively, partly through their direct innervation of the STN, but manipulating LH-projecting neurons had the opposite effects. These results identify a projection-defined subtype of PFC pyramidal neurons as key mediators of impulse control.

Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions and gel emulsions which are stabilized by surfactants for more than 5 months have been successfully separated by a simple gravity-driven agitation-assisted device. The device contains a rotating magnetic stir bar and a flexible superhydrophobic/superoleophilic Cu mesh which has been folded into the desired three-dimensional shape. The emulsions were prepared by mixing various fractions of alkane and water (99–1%) stabilized by a water-soluble surfactant. For low water fractions which contained higher concentrations of the surfactant, solid-like gel emulsions were obtained. The stress-driven process was found to effectively separate stable emulsions with a separation efficiency ≥ 98% and gel emulsions with a separation efficiency as high as 96%. The mechanism for oil recovery from stable emulsions by our stress-driven device is based on the momentary breakage of the water barrier layer (superhydrophobicity) and the enhancement of the oil–mesh contact leading to oil permeation (...

There is no universal model of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD); each country thus has to define its own sustainability and education priorities and actions. However, literature on ESD has mostly focused on case studies in Western countries; therefore, the consonance when applying ESD models of Western nations in developing ones needs to be considered. To provide evidence for ESD literature with few empirical studies in developing countries, this paper explores geography teachers’ perspectives on ESD in Vietnam. This is a qualitative explorative pilot study of eleven geography teachers in January and February 2016. The findings provide empirical evidence of subject-specific understanding with relation to ESD. The teachers’ perception regarding ESD in Vietnam is different from ESD dimensions proposed by UNESCO when these dimensions do not entirely cover all ideas of the teachers. This is the empirical base to illustrate another interpretation of ESD in the situation of Vietnam. The resul...

This paper examines how Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is transmitted in the context of geography education by investigating the extent to which geography textbooks in Vietnam promote ESD principles. At the same time, the paper helps clarify how ESD is anchored in formal education and how ESD is contextualized in the specific context of Vietnam. This study involved a qualitative analysis supported by MAXQDA software (VERBI, Berlin, Germany), where geography textbooks from grade 6 to grade 12 in Vietnam were analysed to determine (1) how sustainable development (SD) issues are integrated into the content of the textbooks and (2) the extent to which questions and tasks in the textbooks promote competencies regarding the demands of ESD. The findings show that the textbooks somewhat promote ESD through their content and didactic approach. However, there are still some drawbacks. In terms of content, the textbooks&rsquo, main approaches to both SD content and geography core knowledge are description and indoctrination. In terms of their didactic approach, almost all questions/tasks ask students to memorize and reproduce information and rote learning rather than helping them promote ESD competencies. This reconfirms that ESD remains an add-on issue to an overcrowded curriculum, and the geography textbooks reflect an instrumental approach to ESD.

Đệm sinh học là một phương pháp đơn giản nhằm giảm thiểu ô nhiễm nguồn điểm trong quá trình thao tác với hoá chất bảo vệ thực vật. Trong đó hỗn hợp sinh học là yếu tố chính, quyết định đến hiệu quả phân huỷ của đệm sinh học. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là đánh giá ảnh hưởng của việc bổ sung chủng nấm mốc có hoạt tính phân huỷ lignin cao, Penicillium chrysogenum N2, đến đặc tính sinh học và sự phân huỷ Cartap của hỗn hợp sinh học. Hỗn hợp sinh học đã được chuẩn bị với ba thành phần là rơm, bã thải trồng nấm và đất mặt với tỉ lệ 2:1:1, độ ẩm 60%. Cartap được thêm vào hỗn hợp sinh học với hàm lượng 100 mg kg-1. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy hoạt tính enzyme phân huỷ lignin của hỗn hợp sinh học được bổ sung nấm (đạt 645 đơn vị kg-1) cao hơn 8,5 lần so với đối chứng. Tương tự, các giá trị cao hơn của chỉ số hô hấp vi sinh vật (455 mg CO2 100g-1), mật độ của vi khuẩn tổng số (6,5´108 CFU g-1), xạ khuẩn tổng số (1,3´108 CFU g-1), nấm mốc tổng số (2,5´105 CFU g-1), vi sinh vật phân huỷ cellulose (4,68´105 CFU g-1), hemi-cellulose (3,5´105 CFU g-1) và lignin (2,7´105 CFU g-1) cũng đã được phát hiện trong hỗn hợp sinh học này. Ngoài ra, hiệu quả phân huỷ Cartap ở 37oC, độ ẩm 60% trong 10 ngày của hỗn hợp sinh học được bổ sung nấm (99,42%) là cao hơn so với đối chứng (75,35%). Vì vậy việc sử dụng chủng nấm mốc có hoạt tính phân huỷ lignin cao, Penicillium chrysogenum N2, làm giống gây cấy có thể cải thiện được đặc tính sinh học cũng như hiệu quả phân huỷ Cartap của hỗn hợp sinh học trong hệ thống đệm sinh học.

This article examines changes in livelihood strategies in response to flooding. It does soon the basis of a household survey which was undertaken in three provinces in north-central Vietnam. All households in the survey were regularly affected by flooding, but only poor households experienced long-term negative effects. The research showed that a high impact of natural disasters is correlated with decreases in income over time. As the disaster relief offered by the authorities is marginal compared to economic losses, some households react by increasing off-farm incomes (including remittances from overseas-migrated household members). We observed that the poor households do not switch to off-farm income strategies in response to income losses; this is perhaps because they have inadequate skills. However, on average households in our survey are becoming richer over time, despite the impact of flooding in the provinces. The article ends by looking at the vulnerability–resilience debate concluding that the poorer households could enter a vulnerability loop, unless new strategies to cope with natural hazards are suggested.

Background. Complementary therapies (CTs) are increasingly utilized by cancer patients. Nonetheless, patients report insufficient support from health care practitioners (HCPs) and there is a general lack of patient-practitioner communication about CT use. Best care practices suggest that HCPs should address the needs of patients, including CT use. This study examined current practices of patients and HCPs as well as their interactions relating to CTs. Methods. A total of 481 cancer outpatients and 100 HCPs completed questionnaires. Patient questions addressed CT use and information needs; HCP questions addressed knowledge, opinions and beliefs about complementary and alternative medicine. Patient-practitioner communication around CT was also examined. Results. 47% of patients reported using CTs since diagnosis. Many commenced CT use to improve quality of life (65%) based on recommendations from family or friends. Patients acknowledged the need for trusted sources of information and would attend a hospital-based education program (72%). HCPs reported limited training about CTs but most (90%) expressed interested in receiving more training. The majority of HCPs (>80%) reported limited knowledge about the role of CTs in cancer care or evidence to support CT use. Questions about communication and interactions revealed that 80% of patients reported not having had an HCP speak to them about CTs. However, 63% of HCPs reported addressing CT use. Conclusion. Results demonstrate a need for improved CT education and training for patients and HCPs. increasing HCP knowledge and clinical skills will ensure patients’ information needs about CTs are acknowledged and attended to, thereby providing safer and comprehensive cancer care.

As a science and a subject in school, geography is considered as having a major role to play in fostering spatial thinking. In the context of preparing for an educational reform transferring from content-based to competency-based approach in Vietnam now, spatial thinking is identified as one of the prominent competencies that geography can promote. However, there has been no research on spatial thinking in the country so far. Therefore, this paper aims at reviewing spatial thinking in geography textbooks from grade 6 to grade 9 in Vietnam for the reason that geography is taught as a separate and compulsory subject in secondary and high school. We adapt the Taxonomy of Spatial Thinking proposed by Jo and Bednarz (2009) and then simplified by Scholz et al. (2014) to evaluate spatial thinking in three aspects: the concepts of spatial, tools of representation and processes of reasoning in questions in textbooks. The findings show that the majority of questions in textbooks are non-spatial thinking. The research gives suggestions for textbook authors in Vietnam to take three dimensions of spatial thinking into account in the future geography curriculum reform. Besides, it recommends teachers to consider to foster not only spatial thinking but also effective questioning in their teaching.

e15573 Background: The benefits of routine use of prophylactic G-CSF with first-line chemotherapy in patients with MT-GCT are unclear. We evaluated patterns of G-CSF use and correlated with patient...

6549 Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate characteristics associated with burnout in Canadian oncologists and oncology resident physicians (ORP). Methods: Canadian medical oncolo...

A vital resource for ubiquitous computing systems is energy. Today, energy has been elevated to the status of a first class operating system resource. A major challenge to the ubiquitous computing is how to manage the power consumption in a computer system so as to achieve goals in system performance, quality of service, complexity, cost, and energy conservation. Power-aware computing involves a wide range of systems, from mobile and embedded systems to high-performance servers. In this paper, we describe a Windows based power management tool called RPM that is used to provide power management for local and remote computer systems. The remote control feature of RPM is realised through the Distributed COM protocol. RPM manages the power consumption for an entire computer system, a CPU, or devices. Because it programs the hardware chipset power management registers directly, RPM is not dependent on CMOS setting for CPU power management. The system administrator can also use RPM as a tool for system and device diagnosis. Preliminary results indicate that RPM is a useful tool.

A Master's Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Osaka Jogakuin University Graduate School of International Collaboration and Coexistence in the 21st Century, in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts. Advisor: Professor Kazuko Hikawa January 31, 2023, There is some growing evidence that the People‘s Republic of China (PRC) is exerting its influence on states by employing and deploying disinformation tactics to pave the way for its ideology of the China model to permeate over advances and its economic expansion over the globe, China‘s disinformation operation is presumed to be a main lever to realize its dream of being the world‘s hegemony. Despite the world economic growth that China has considerably contributed to so far, it is criticized for working for its self-interest and has yet to be illuminated what the motive is for China to strive forward and embark on such a cause. Resting on the long-lived ideology of Sinocentrism deep-rooted in the Confucianism of China, this study will examine how its disinformation operation is capitalized on and how it fits into that ingrained ideology of the PRC. Together with that, this reset of Confucianism of China, this study will examine how disinformation has stretched so far and propounds the accounts for the reasons why the international community should outline adequate countermeasures to respond to such malicious information manipulation schemes. As such, it would supplement the insight into how China utilizes disinformation as an instrument to hold up its Sinocentrism to outdistance the Western ideology and inch to the seat of the global helmsman.