Search

Your search keyword '"Thalamic nucleus"' showing total 508 results
Start Over Descriptor "Thalamic nucleus"
508 results on '"Thalamic nucleus"'

1. Mapping the primate thalamus: historical perspective and modern approaches for defining nuclei.

Author

García-Cabezas, Miguel Ángel, Pérez-Santos, Isabel, and Cavada, Carmen

Subjects
*THALAMUS, *PRIMATES, *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations, *THALAMIC nuclei, *TWENTIETH century
Abstract

The primate thalamus has been subdivided into multiple nuclei and nuclear groups based on cytoarchitectonic, myeloarchitectonic, connectional, histochemical, and genoarchitectonic differences. Regarding parcellation and terminology, two main schools prevailed in the twentieth century: the German and the Anglo-American Schools, which proposed rather different schemes. The German parcellation and terminology has been mostly used for the human thalamus in neurosurgery atlases; the Anglo-American parcellation and terminology is the most used in experimental research on the primate thalamus. In this article, we review the historical development of terminological and parcellation schemes for the primate thalamus over the last 200 years. We trace the technological innovations and conceptual advances in thalamic research that underlie each parcellation, from the use of magnifying lenses to contemporary genoarchitectonic stains during ontogeny. We also discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and practical use of each parcellation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

2. Aberrant Cerebello-Thalamo-Cortical Functional and Effective Connectivity in First-Episode Schizophrenia With Auditory Verbal Hallucinations.

Author

Wei, Yarui, Xue, Kangkang, Yang, Meng, Wang, Huan, Chen, Jingli, Han, Shaoqiang, Wang, Xiaoxiao, Li, Hong, Zhang, Yong, Song, Xueqin, and Cheng, Jingliang

Subjects
BRAIN, HALLUCINATIONS, SCHIZOPHRENIA, FUNCTIONAL connectivity, THALAMUS, CAUSAL models, CAUSALITY (Physics)
Abstract

The thalamus is known to be impaired in schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs). Abnormal filtering function of the thalamus has been found in schizophrenia patients with AVHs. However, a whole-structure approach has commonly been adopted when investigating thalamic dysconnectivity in patients with AVHs, and it remains unclear which thalamic nucleus is the critical structure underlying AVHs. Here, we investigated voxel-wise resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the thalamic nucleus in drug-naïve patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) with AVHs. In addition, dynamic causal modeling was applied to compute effective connectivity and estimate causal relationships that could explain aberrant rsFC. Compared with the FES patients without AVH (NAVH) and normal controls, patients with AVHs had weaker rsFC of the bilateral medial pulvinar (PuM) nucleus-cerebellum. Moreover, compared with the normal control group, the AVH and NAVH groups had significantly stronger rsFC of the bilateral PuM nucleus-cerebral cortex, as well as weaker rsFC of the right medial geniculate nucleus-cerebral cortex. Compared with the NAVH and normal control groups, dynamic causal modeling revealed significantly stronger effective connectivity from the left PuM nucleus to the right inferior frontal gyrus in the AVH group. These findings indicate that the critical structure in the thalamus underlying AVHs is the PuM nucleus, and provide direct evidence that the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuit is associated with AVHs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. The imbalance between goal-directed and habitual systems in internet gaming disorder: Results from the disturbed thalamocortical communications.

Author

Zhou, Weiran, Zheng, Hui, Wang, Min, Zheng, Yanbin, Chen, Shuaiyu, Wang, Meng-jing, and Dong, Guang-Heng

Subjects
*VIDEO games, *FUNCTIONAL magnetic resonance imaging, *GOAL (Psychology), *THALAMIC nuclei, *ACTION theory (Psychology)
Abstract

Converging evidence has identified the imbalance between goal-directed systems and habitual systems in the addiction process. The thalamocortical loop plays an important role in the habitual/goal-directed system. However, little is known about the role of the thalamus in goal-directed and habitual systems in Internet gaming disorder (IGD) patients. This study investigated whether thalamocortical circuit was disrupted and how they affected goal-directed and habitual behaviors in IGD patients. This is a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. Twenty-five IGD patients and 25 matched recreational game users (RGUs) were scanned when they were in a resting state and were performing an instrumental learning task to obtain behavioral data related to habitual/goal-directed behavior. We used the whole-brain seed-based functional connectivity (FC) of the four thalamic nuclei (bilateral) and correlation analyses to examine the thalamocortical loop difference and relationship with habitual/goal-directed performance. Compared with RGUs, IGD patients demonstrated significantly increased FC between the left midline nucleus (MN) and the right postcentral gyrus (PCG), and between the pulvinar and medial frontal gyrus (MFG). Correlation results showed that within the IGD group, the correct response rates of the participants to inconsistent stimulus-result pairs were positively correlated with the FC between the pulvinar and MFG. Inhibition-control scores were negatively correlated with the FC between the left MN and the PCG. IGD patients showed disrupted thalamocortical communication that could further result in an imbalance between the goal-directed and habitual systems in IGD patients. These findings provide more information about the involvement of the thalamus in the pathophysiology of IGD, and as potential circuit-level biomarkers of IGD patients, these circuit alterations may be useful in treatment development and in monitoring treatment outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. S1 Microcircuits

Author

Feldmeyer, Dirk, Izhikevich, Eugene, Series editor, Prescott, Tony, editor, and Ahissar, Ehud, editor

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Brain Stimulation for Pain

Author

Slavin, Konstantin V., Deer, Timothy R., editor, Leong, Michael S., editor, Buvanendran, Asokumar, editor, Kim, Philip S., editor, and Panchal, Sunil J., editor

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Brain Stimulation for Pain

Author

Slavin, Konstantin V., Deer, Timothy R., editor, Leong, Michael S., editor, Buvanendran, Asokumar, editor, Gordin, Vitaly, editor, Kim, Philip S., editor, Panchal, Sunil J., editor, and Ray, Albert L., editor

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Thalamus

Author

Strominger, Norman L., Demarest, Robert J., Laemle, Lois B., Strominger, Norman L., Demarest, Robert J., and Laemle, Lois B.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Segmenting Thalamic Nuclei: What Can We Gain from HARDI?

Author

Schultz, Thomas, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Fichtinger, Gabor, editor, Martel, Anne, editor, and Peters, Terry, editor

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. A Sobolev Norm Based Distance Measure for HARDI Clustering : A Feasibility Study on Phantom and Real Data

Author

Brunenberg, Ellen, Duits, Remco, ter Haar Romeny, Bart, Platel, Bram, Hutchison, David, Kanade, Takeo, Kittler, Josef, Kleinberg, Jon M., Mattern, Friedemann, Mitchell, John C., Naor, Moni, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Pandu Rangan, C., Steffen, Bernhard, Sudan, Madhu, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Tygar, Doug, Vardi, Moshe Y., Weikum, Gerhard, Jiang, Tianzi, editor, Navab, Nassir, editor, Pluim, Josien P. W., editor, and Viergever, Max A., editor

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. Joint Segmentation of Thalamic Nuclei from a Population of Diffusion Tensor MR Images

Author

Ziyan, Ulas, Westin, Carl-Fredrik, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Metaxas, Dimitris, editor, Axel, Leon, editor, Fichtinger, Gabor, editor, and Székely, Gábor, editor

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Segmentation of Thalamic Nuclei from DTI Using Spectral Clustering

Author

Ziyan, Ulas, Tuch, David, Westin, Carl-Fredrik, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Larsen, Rasmus, editor, Nielsen, Mads, editor, and Sporring, Jon, editor

Published
2006
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Diencephalon

Author

Marcus, Elliott M., Jacobson, Stanley, Marcus, Elliott M., and Jacobson, Stanley

Published
2003
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Analysis of Parkinson‘s disease movement disorder by M E R with S T N – Deep Brain Stimulations

Author

Venkateshwarla Rama Raju

Subjects
Parkinson's disease, Big data management, Thalamic nucleus, medicine, In patient, Medical science, Psychology, medicine.disease, Neuroscience, Surgical risk
Abstract

Brain‘s neuro protection is clearly the new frontier in movement disorder research and therapy. The longterm clinical studies have so far failed to prove that high-frequency stimulation has been able to slow down the evolution of the disease. So called e a r l y s t i m clinical p r o t o c o l s have only proven that it was safe to induce or stimuli sub thalamic nucleus S T N much earlier than it was so far accepted. At the experimental level, M P T P - treated monkeys, high-frequency stimuli of the S T N could protect neurons in the sub stantia nigra. To test this scientific rationale/hypothesis in humans, one would need to perform S T N induced stimuli at the very beginning of the disease, which is not easily ethically sustainable given the surgical risk, even if low, in patients who are still minimally impaired by the disease. There have been so many advancements in computing capabilities; big data management; miniaturization of electronics, devices and batteries; and new sources of energy compatible with implantation of biological devices and fuel cells. More recently, there has been an explosion of biological imaging at the nano level as well as whole-brain imaging. It is impossible to generate a reasonable picture of future technological development without being sure to be wrong. The consequence of that is that when building projects and setting new protocols as well as imagining new tools and devices, we should be confident that what has not yet been developed will eventually be created. In this article we the author explained the present past and future Parkinson‘s disease prediction. Keywords: SubstantiaNigra (SN), Principal-component (PC), STN.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results