Search

An 8-year-old domestic short hair female cat initially presented with bilateral uveitis with pseudotumoral appearance. The patient tested negative for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and Toxoplasma gondii. Histopathology of a granulomatous lesion on the upper left conjunctiva revealed amastigotes compatible with Leishmania spp. Aqueous humor was aspired and the diagnosis was confirmed after isolation of promastigotes cultivated in biphasic NNN medium and by positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leishmania infantum. Treatment with allopurinol (10mg/kg/ BID/PO) was commenced and a natural insect repellent was prescribed. Six months of treatment with allopurinol associated with the initial topical medications helped to improve ocular signs. Leishmaniasis should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats presenting uveitis with pseudotumoral appearance. To our knowledge, this is the first report of feline leishmaniasis with ocular manifestation in Brazil, in which diagnosis was confirmed by aqueous humor analysis.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of tramadol on tear production, intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter (PD) in healthy dogs. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive 4mg kg-1 (n=11) and 6mg kg-1 (n=11) of tramadol hydrochloride intramuscularly. Tear production (Schirmer tear test, STT-1), IOP (applanation tonometry) and the PD (electronic pachymetry) were assessed before, 30 and 60 minutes after administration of tramadol. Data were compared by analysis of variance for repeated measures (P

Objective The aim was to determine the intraocular pressure (IOP), the ultrasonographic and echobiometric findings in the eyes of juvenile Yacare caiman (Caiman yacare). Animals Twenty-two healthy caimans from a breeding farm in Brazilian Pantanal. Procedures Intraocular pressure was measured under physical restraint and topical anesthesia by applanation tonometry. Five individual measurements of each eye were recorded by the same examiner. B-mode ultrasonography was performed with a 10-MHz linear transducer, and the anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous depth, and axial globe length were measured. Unpaired and paired t-tests were used to assess data. Pearson's test was used to assess correlations between IOP and ocular structures (P 0.05). Echobiometric measurements did not differ significantly between eyes and genders (P > 0.05). Intraocular structures measured in male and female subjects were, respectively, 2.61 ± 0.13 and 2.55 ± 0.18 mm for anterior chamber depth, 7.60 ± 0.17 and 7.54 ± 0.20 mm for lens thickness, 6.83 ± 0.20 and 6.90 ± 0.22 mm for vitreous chamber depth, and 17.55 ± 0.25 and 17.54 ± 0.29 mm for axial globe length. Correlations were not observed (P > 0.05). Conclusion Reference values of tonometry and distances of intraocular structures of Yacare caiman were described. IOP did not correlate with echobiometric measurements in this crocodilian. The ultrasonographic appearance was similar to other domestic and wild species.

Hemimelia or agenesis is a congenital morphological change that may affect the appendicular skeleton. This rare anomaly is the total or partial absence of one or more bones matched. It may present unilaterally or bilaterally, with the most frequent unilateral. In dogs, the most common form of the radial hemimelia is that causes deformity of the affected limb and severe functional limitations. Was Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso (HOVET/UFMT), a canine, female mongrel, with 30 days of age, presenting deformity in thoracic limbs since birth, observed signs of lameness and difficulty support. After complete bone development the animal returned for re-evaluation and establishment of appropriate treatment. On radiographic examination, there was bilateral agenesis of radios, angulation of the ulnar cranially, fusion of carpal bones proximal and distal to the ranks, bilateral scapulohumeral dislocation and the presence of a bone structure with well-defined boundaries and rectangular articulated with the scapula. Due to good quality of life of the animal and reserved prognosis of surgery, we opted for conservation of members. The owner was recommended to keep the animal in an environment with soft ground and castration. Hemimelia ou agenesia é uma alteração morfológica congênita que pode acometer o esqueleto apendicular. Esta anomalia rara consiste na ausência total ou parcial de um ou mais ossos pareados. Pode se apresentar de forma uni ou bilateral, sendo a unilateral mais frequente. Em cães, a forma mais comum de hemimelia é a radial, que provoca deformidade do membro afetado e severas limitações funcionais. Foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (HOVET/UFMT), um canino, fêmea, sem raça definida, com 30 dias de idade, apresentando deformidade nos membros torácicos desde o nascimento, claudicação e dificuldade de apoio. Após o completo desenvolvimento ósseo o animal retornou para uma reavaliação e estabelecimento do tratamento adequado. O exame radiográfico revelou agenesia bilateral dos rádios, angulação das ulnas no sentido cranial, fusão dos ossos cárpicos das fileiras proximal e distal, luxação escapuloumeral bilateral e presença de estrutura óssea com limites bem definidos e formato retangular articulada com as escápulas. Devido à boa qualidade de vida do animal e ao reservado prognóstico de uma intervenção cirúrgica, optou-se pelo tratamento conservativo, sendo recomendada a castração e ambiente de piso macio.

Background : Eyelid coloboma or eyelid agenesis is the most common congenital disease in cats. It can affect both the upper and the lower lids and is commonly bilateral. This congenital defect has been reported in several breeds, such as Persian and Domestic Short-Haired Cat. Generally, this defect results in inversion of the colobomatous eyelid, which can cause trichiasis and inflammatory keratitis and corneal ulceration. The only effective treatment is blepharoplasty. This paper describes the clinical and surgical aspects of four patients treated by lip commissure to eyelid transposition for the repair of eyelid coloboma using the technique described in 2010. Results of this procedure have never been reported in Brazil. Cases : Seven eyes of four cats presenting eyelid coloboma affecting up to two thirds of the eyelid were evaluated in this study. Two of the four cats were males and two were females; their average age was 3 years. All patients were admitted at the same institution, and the main issues were purulent discharge and impaired vision. Diagnosis was based on physical and ophthalmic examination. Non-ulcerative keratitis was present in all cases. Corneal ulcer was diagnosed in three patients by the fluorescein dye test. In two cats, a corneo-conjunctival dermoid was found at the temporal-dorsal region of one eye, and measured approximately 0.3 mm; and the other two exhibited microphthalmia in one eye. No abnormalities were seen in the anterior chamber, lens, and vitreous. One of the cats exhibited retinal detachment, and one exhibited testicular agenesis, both of the abnormalities diagnosed by ultrasound. Complete blood count and biochemical tests were performed in all patients before general anesthesia for the corrective procedure. Before surgery, eyes with ulcerative and non-ulcerative keratitis were treated with topical antibiotics and lacrimommimetics. In the 7 eyes, lip commissure to eyelid transposition technique was used for correction of the colobomatous defect. The procedure consisted of a mucocutaneous flap that simulates a natural eyelid. Corneo-conjunctival dermoids were also removed at the same time by superfcial keratectomy. In the postoperative period, all patients received oral non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug and an antibiotic, as well as cleansing of the surgical wound. All patients exhibited improvement of corneal abnormalities following one week of the procedure. However, three cats had suture dehiscence on the lip commissure, which healed by secondary intention after a week. Two weeks after surgery, superfcial necrosis was observed at the tip of the edge of the transplanted flap, in all cats. In order to promote healing, the necrotic edges were debrided at the time of sutures removal, 10 to 15 days after surgeries; at this time, both lip commissure and eyelid wound had already healed. Facial distortion was presente owing to skin overlapping on the site of the flap. All patients had their ability to blink restored, and there was absence of trichiasis on the flap. However, three cats had thichiasis caused by retraction of the pre-existing eyelid at the medial canthus. Discussion : Good functional and esthetic results were achieved, similarly to those previously described, which allows us to consider that this technique is appropriate for eyelid reconstruction in eyelid coloboma or agenesis cases. Nevertheless, this procedure can have some complications, such as suture dehiscence, facial deformity, superfcial necrosis of the edges of the flap, and trichiasis of the pre-existing eyelid of the medial canthus. To overcome these issues, authors suggest removal of the skin under the flap to decrease facial distortion, and removal of the whole pre-existing eyelid, in order to avoid trichiasis caused by retraction of this tissue. Keywords: blepharoplasty, congenital defect, eyelid, feline.

As neoplasias primarias de nervos perifericos apresentam-se com pouca frequencia em pequenos animais, sendo de aproximadamente 0,5% a incidencia de tumores neurais benignos e malignos em caes. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo relatar o caso de uma femea canina, sem raca definida, de grande porte e onze anos de idade, atendida no Hospital Veterinario da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (HOVET-UFMT), apresentando neoformacao em regiao toracica com evolucao de dez meses. O nodulo media aproximadamente cinco centimetros de diâmetro, apresentava-se aderido ao subcutâneo, de formato regular e consistencia firme. Ao exame clinico, nao foram observadas dor a palpacao ou ulceracao cutânea. Apos a realizacao dos exames pre-cirurgicos hematologicos e de imagem, sem alteracoes significativas; a paciente foi encaminhada para a exerese da neoformacao. Perante avaliacao histopatologica, foi observada massa circunscrita por capsula de tecido conjuntivo e celulas dispostas em multiplos padroes regulares, ocasionalmente, em redemoinhos. Proliferacao de celulas neoplasicas com moderado pleomorfismo celular, nucleo eosinofilico redondo a ovalado, nucleolo fortemente basofilico e citoplasma abundante, por vezes alongado. Anisocariose e anisocitose evidentes, alem de figuras bizarras. Observou-se tambem a presenca de infiltrado inflamatorio mononuclear multifocal. Sendo assim, o diagnostico conclusivo foi o de tumor de bainha de nervo periferico maligno (Schwannoma maligno). O procedimento cirurgico para a extirpacao da neoplasia foi realizado respeitando amplas margens de seguranca. Por este motivo, mostrou-se eficaz, pois o paciente nao apresentou recidivas locais, tampouco metastases a distancia em um periodo de 26 meses.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the progression of lesions in different stages of osteoarthritis (OA) experimental by radiography (RX), computed tomography (CT), macroscopic and histopathology, linking these different diagnostic methods, helped to provide information that helps the best time for the therapeutic approach. Four experimental periods were delineated at 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks after induction of OA, known as PI, PII, PIII and PIV, respectively, each with six animals. We evaluated the five compartments of the femorotibial joint: medial femoral condyle (MFC), lateral femoral condyle (LFC), medial tibial plateau (MTP), lateral tibial plateau (LTP) and femoral trochlea (FT). Therefore we established an index by compartment (IC) and by adding such an index was estimated joint femorotibial (IFT). It was observed that the CFM was the compartment with the highest IC also differed significantly (p0.05) between the PI and PII, however contrary fact occurred between the PII and PIII (p 0.05) between the PI and PII. In the variation of the average interval between periods, there was a higher value between the PIII PIV and for the other intervals of time periods (PI, PII, and PIII-PII). However, these intervals showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). Through the RX, CT, macroscopic and histopathological findings, we found similar patterns among individuals within the same period demonstrating a gradual progression of the disease. These results show that between 3 and 6 weeks progression of the lesion is slower and probably also can be reversed in comparison to other ranges where proved further progression between 9 and 12 weeks after induction of trauma OA. These results may provide a better therapeutic approach aimed at reversing the lesions in early stages of OA. We conclude that the interconnection of the four diagnostic methods individually classified into scores, which were unified in both indices in the evaluation by the femorotibial joint compartment and may represent a diagnostic condition closer to the true condition of the injury and its progression.

Background: One of the causes of delay gastric emptying is the chronic hypertrophic pyloric gastropathy, unusual disease that can occur in acquired or congenital form. It is characterized by hypertrophy of the antral mucosa, by thickening of the muscular layer, or by hyperplasia of the pylorus. The animals are presented with a history of chronic intermittent vomiting. Treatment is based on surgical correction through techniques such as pyloromyotomy or transverse or Y-U pyloroplasty. Thus, the aim was report three cases of pyloric stenosis by hypertrophy in dogs of the breeds, Fila Brasileiro, English Bull Terrier and American Pitbull Terrier, emphasizing the diagnosis and therapy instituted.Cases: All animals in this study reached the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso with a history of chronic intermittent vomiting. The findings of physical and laboratory examinations in all animals were unspecific, with those important to rule out other causes of vomiting. Contrast radiographic evaluation revealed marked stomach distension and delayed gastric emptying, indicated gastric outflow obstruction. In one case, a video endoscopy was performed. The images reveal hyperemia of the gastric mucosa with small areas of bleeding around the stomach. It was observed intense production of gastric juice and the presence of the same reflux. In the pyloric antrum, a thick fold reddish gastric mucosa, which partially obstructed the pyloric ostium. There was very little motility during the examination. As therapeutic approach for all cases, we opted for performing the surgical technique of pyloroplasty in Y-U, consisting of enlarging the diameter of the antral pyloric region in an attempt to create a broader pylorus, what make possible an emptying a gastric rapidly. All the pacients remained in hospital in the postoperative period receiving medications intravenously. Postoperative fluid based on Ringer’s lactate solution and administration of ondansetron (0.2 mg/kg every 8 h), sucralfate (30 mg/ kg every 12 h), sulfadoxine to trimethoprim (20 mg/kg every 12 h) and meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg every 24 h). Twelve h of fasting after the surgical procedure without vomiting, the dog received light past food. An average of three to four days post-surgical discharged with recommendations to keep antibiotic therapy for ten days and light diet. The fifteenth day of surgery, the patients returned for removal of skin spots, with good general condition and satisfactory healing. No cases of vomiting were reported. As the case one returned to perform the monitoring gastograma. The dog was anesthetized and giving the contrast. On radiographs, there was a slight delay in gastric emptying, which can be explained by the anesthesia used for contrast administration, as described in the literature. The images showed stomach and intestines in size, shape and normal position. The technique was satisfactory in reducing clinical signs in all these cases, confirmed by the absence of vomiting in the post-operative period.Discussion: The surgical technique used, pyloroplasty Y-U consists of traspor a part of the antral wall to the pyloric region in an attempt to create a broader pylorus, and possibly a time soon gastric emptying. It was possible to demonstrate with only three cases the pyloroplasty Y-U proved to be a simple and effective technique for the treatment of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis with a favorable prognosis in all cases. Thus, disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis in cases of gastric outflow obstruction, regardless of patients age.Keywords: dog, hypertrophy, pylorus.

RESUMO: Objetivou-se identificar microrganismos isolados de diferentes tipos de ceratite ulcerativa em cães, juntamente com a sua susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos. O resultado do tratamento médico e cirúrgico também foi correlacionado com o tipo de isolado. Amostras para microbiologia foram obtidas com auxílio de swab estéril em 104 olhos de 72 pacientes sem histórico prévio de tratamento com antibióticos tópicos, atendidos no período de maio de 2012 a março de 2015. Os antibióticos testados foram: neomicina, gentamicina, tobramicina, cloranfenicol, polimixina B, ciprofloxacino, ofloxacino e moxifloxacina. No total, 131 bactérias foram isoladas de 96/104 olhos estudados, sendo o gênero Staphylococcus (48,09%) predominante, seguido por Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16,01%). O Shih Tzu foi a raça mais prevalente (33,33%) e o número de isolados gram-negativos foi significativamente maior nessa raça, comparativamente aos Pinschers (p=0,003), aos Filas, aos Poodles e aos sem raça definida (p=0,046). As bactérias isoladas neste estudo apresentaram maior susceptibilidade ao ofloxacino (84,55%), que foi significativamente mais eficaz em relação a neomicina e a polimixina B (p

We aimed to determine the concentration of MMP-2 and IL-1β in the aqueous humor of dogs with healthy eyes (n=8) and in those with mature (n=8) and hyper mature cataracts (n=8). Correlations between cytokines, cytokines, and intraocular pressure (IOP), as well as cytokines with ages of patients of each group, were also assessed. In patients with cataract, aqueous humor was collected at the end of the electroretinographic procedure. In healthy dogs, aqueous humor was collected before elective surgeries. Cytokine levels were determined using ELISA. IOP was assessed by applanation tonometry. IOP of patients with mature and hyper mature cataracts were lower than the ones measured in normal eyes (P=0.158). MMP-2 aqueous humor concentration was higher in patients with hyper mature cataracts, in comparisons with healthy patients (P=0.04). Average IL-1 β aqueous concentration was higher in patients with cataracts (P0.05). IL-1 β and IOP correlated negatively (r=-0.42, P=0.04). MMP-2 and the ages of patients correlated only in dogs with mature cataracts (r=0.772, P=0.02). It can be concluded that the increment in the aqueous humor concentration of IL-1 β found in dogs with mature and hyper mature cataracts, in addition to the negative relationship of this cytokine with IOP, suggests that IL-1 β is involved in the pathogenesis of LIU. Despite dogs with hypermature cataracts presented significant higher concentrations of MMP-2 in the aqueous humor, such cytokine did not correlate with IL-1 β and IOP. In our study, a relationship between aqueous humor cytokines and the ages of patients was only confirmed between MMP-2 and the ages of dogs with mature cataracts.