Search

[Display omitted] • MXene and polydopamine modified SiO 2 particles to create structural colors. • MSiO 2 /PDA@MXene spheres were formed by electrostatic assembly and hydrogen bonding. • The stable structural color-coated fabrics exhibited excellent antioxidant properties. In recent years, there has been a notable shift towards the use of structural colors in textile dyeing, replacing traditional chemical dyes. This change is primarily attributed to the increasing popularity of structural colors due to their eco-friendly characteristics. In thus study, SiO 2 particles underwent modification with PDA and Ti 3 C 2 T x (MXene) to establish a core–shell structure, resulting in MSiO 2 /PDA@MXene photonic crystals characterized by electrostatic assembly and hydrogen bonding. These crystals comprise a SiO 2 core encased in black PDA@MXene shells. The PDA@MXene shell works by absorbing scattered light indiscriminately, thereby intensifying the vividness of the structural colors. Adjusting the size of the MSiO 2 /PDA@MXene microspheres enables the generation of diverse structural colors. Then, chitosan-coated cotton fabrics were decorated using photonic crystals of MSiO 2 /PDA@MXene. Coating cotton fabric with chitosan introduced positively charged groups onto its surface, which enabled electrostatic interaction with photonic crystals. The prepared fabrics also showed excellent antioxidant property, further enhancing their appeal for outdoor applications. These structural colors offer a sustainable substitute for conventional textile dyes, meeting the increasing need for environmentally conscious practices within the textile sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The textile industry is undergoing a transformative shift towards sustainability, driven by mounting environmental concerns and consumer demand for eco-friendly products. This review article explores the use of mordants in textile dyeing processes, encompassing both traditional metal mordants and emerging bio-mordants. Metal mordants, commonly used in textile dyeing, present environmental challenges due to their toxic nature. In response, there is a growing interest in bio-mordants derived from natural sources such as plants and waste materials, offering a more environmentally friendly alternative. The review provides an overview of various mordants, including their sources, properties, and applications, highlighting their roles in enhancing fabric color fastness and functional properties. In addition to evaluating the environmental implications of metal and bio-mordants, the review identifies the key challenges involved in adopting bio-mordants on an industrial scale, such as availability, cost, and processing limitations. The potential benefits and limitations of both types of mordants are discussed in the context of sustainability, alongside recent technological advancements and innovative approaches to natural dyeing. By understanding and embracing mordants, particularly bio-mordants, the textile industry can progress towards sustainable coloration practices, meeting the demands of environmentally conscious consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Due to herbs and plants' therapeutic properties and simplicity of availability in nature, humans have used them to treat a variety of maladies and diseases since ancient times. Later, as technology advanced, these plants and herbs gained significant relevance in some industries due to their suitable chemical composition, abundant availability and ease of access. Aegle marmelos is a species of plant that may be found in nature. Yet, little or very little literature was located on the coloration behavior of this plant's leaves. This study aims to focus on the effect of different parameters on the extraction of colorant from Aegle marmelos leaves. Design/methodology/approach: Some factors that affected on the extraction processes were examined and found to have significant impacts on the textile dyeing such as the initial dye concentration, extracted temperature, extracted bath pH and extracted time were all changed to see how they affected color extraction. The authors report a direct comparison between three heating methods, namely, microwave irradiation (MWI), ultrasonic waves (USW) and conventional heating (CH). The two kinetic models have been designed (pseudo-first and pseudo-second orders) in the context of these experiments to investigate the mechanism of the dyeing processes for fabrics under study. Also, the experimental data were analyzed according to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Findings: From the result, it was discovered these characteristics were found to have a substantial effect on extraction efficiency. Temperature 90°C and 80°C when using CH and USW, respectively, while at 90% watt when using MWI, period 120 min when using CH as well as USW waves, while 40 min when using MWI, and pH 4, 5 and 10 for polyamide, wool and cotton, respectively, were the optimal extraction conditions. Also, the authors can say that wool gives a higher absorption than the other fabric. Additionally, MWI provided the best color strength (K/S) value, and homogeneity, at low temperatures reducing the energy and time consumed. The coloring follows the order: MWI > USW > CH. The adsorption isotherm of wool could be well fitted by Freundlich isotherm when applying CH and USW as a heating source, while it is well fitted by the Langmuir equation in the case of MWI. In the study, it was observed that the pseudo-first-order kinetic model fits better the experimental results of CH with a constant rate K1 = −0.000171417 mg/g.min, while the pseudo-second-order kinetic model fits better the experimental results of absorption of both MWI (K2 = 38.14022572 mg/g.min) and USW (K2 = 12.45343554 mg/g.min). Research limitations/implications: There is no research limitation for this work. Dye was extracted from Aegle marmelos leaves by applying three different heating sources (MWI, ultrasonic waves [USWW] and CH). Practical implications: This work has practical applications for the textile industry. It is concluded that using Aegle marmelose leaves can be a possible alternative to extract dye from natural resource by applying new technology to save energy and time and can make the process greener. Social implications: Socially, it has a good impact on the ecosystem and global community because the extracted dye does not contain any carcinogenic materials. Originality/value: The work is original and contains value-added products for the textile industry and other confederate fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sometimes, during the dyeing process of textile fabrics, some color variations and color spots occur, which considerably decrease the fabric quality. The problem of defective and uneven dyeing during textile processing generally involves a chemical stripping approach. The stripping efficiency of reactive dyes from cellulose fabric cannot be easily attained because of the formation of covalent bonds between dye molecules and fibers. This research examined the effects of oxidative and reductive color stripping on cotton fabrics dyed with reactive black 5 dye. A microwave-assisted technique was applied instead of conventional stripping methods, which involve chemicals and high energy consumption that adversely affect the strength and quality of the fabric. This strategy ensures efficient surface strength and fabric quality, which is favorable for redyeing. The efficiency of the stripped material was 97–97.56%, as measured via a Spectra-flash spectrophotometer, and the fabric strength was determined when the fabric was subjected to the primary method, i.e., 306 was the load at a maximum elongation percentage of 11.16% according to the tensile strength of the material. The data obtained from this study were evaluated via a standard deviation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a type of polymer that is biodegradable, biocompatible, and eco-friendly. In this research, certain bacteria from textile waste, such as curing and bleaching, leather, and sizing waste, were found to produce PHA and remove color from textile dyes. Three types of bacteria were identified as Bacillus cereus SH2, Priestia megaterium SH3, and Bacillus cereus SH4 through genetic sequencing. These bacteria were grown in a medium with Disperse Red 73 to assess their ability to remove color and produce PHAs. The presence of PHA in the extracted biopolymer was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Among the bacteria, SH4 was the most efficient at producing PHA (49.09 %), with a concentration of 0.54 gL-1. SH2 showed significant color removal ability (98.91 %), indicating its potential in the treatment of dye wastewaters. The isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the process were also investigated. The findings indicated that the absorption kinetics and isotherms were most accurately described by the pseudo-first-order and Langmuir models, respectively. The thermodynamic analysis of the adsorption process revealed that the adsorption occurred spontaneously and was endothermic in nature. This is the first report of the newly isolated strains from textile waste and their ability in degradation of Disperse Red 73 and produce PHA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colour additives are commonly used in the food industry to improve product appearance and nutritional characteristics. However, effluent containing reactive dyes from food and textile dyeing industries is a substantial cause of pollution in the environment. Simple and ecofriendly trace analysis of two synthetic food azo dyes including fast green (FG) and erythrosine (ER) dyes from environmental water samples was developed by combining dispersive μ-solid-phase extraction with UV-Vis spectrophotometric detection. Zein biopolymeric nanoparticles (ZNPs) were used as a green sorbent for preconcentration of trace amounts of the mentioned food dyes. Based on the anti-solvent method, the ethanolic Zein solution (20 mg) was injected rapidly into the sample, and the ZNPs were produced. After centrifugation, the adsorbed dye was separated, and samples were analysed using a spectrophotometric technique. The impact of various extraction parameters, such as extraction time, adsorbent amount, surfactant type and concentration, ionic strength, pH of sample solution, and desorption conditions, was examined. Under optimised conditions, the linearity ranges were 0.005–1.2 and 0.01–2 µg mL−1 with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9970 and 0.9972 for FG and ER respectively. The method has good reproducibility, with relative standard deviations of less than 4.2% (n = 5) and detection limits of 2.5 and 6 ng mL−1 for both dyes respectively. The current approach was used to analyse three environmental water samples (river, canal, and well water), and the dyes recoveries were 94.0–102.6% and 95.7–101.7% for FG and ER respectively. The findings revealed that the proposed approach was convenient, fast, and effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene-based adsorbent was prepared by adopting a green synthetic route via the chemical exfoliation of graphite and low-temperature thermal activation. Prepared reactive graphene (RG) was characterized through various techniques, and its adsorption capabilities for textile dye removal were investigated for Acid Blue-93 (AB) and Reactive Red-195 (RR) under different operational conditions. The dye sorption equilibrium and mechanism were comprehensively studied using isotherm and kinetic models and compared statistically to explain the sorption behavior. Results show AB and RR adsorption by RG attains equilibrium in 60 min and 70 min, with a high sorption quantity of 397 mg g−1 and 262 mg g−1 (initial dye concentration of 100 mg L−1), respectively. The dye sorption anticipates that the high surface area (104.52 m2 gm−1) and constructed meso-macroporous features of RG facilitated the interaction between the dye molecules and graphitic skeleton. The R-P isotherm fitted the best of equilibrium data, having the least variance in residuals for both dyes (AB = 0.00031 and RR = 0.00047). The pseudo-second order model best fitted the kinetics of sorption on RG, with chemisorption being the predominant process delimiting step. The overall results promise the dye removal capability of RG to be an efficient adsorbent for azo-based dyes from textile effluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A violet pigment (violacein) bacterial isolate AMA‐5 was isolated from soil samples collected from Achanakmar Biosphere Reserve, Mungeli district, Chhattisgarh, India. The yield of biocolor from this isolate was screened in minimal medium after 48 h of incubation at 37°C ± 2°C temperature. The violet pigment was extracted in ethanol. It was also observed that ammonium chloride (2.5 g/1000 mL) as a nitrogen source is the best to enhance AMA‐5 pigment production among other nitrogen sources (ammonium sulfate, tryptophan, ammonium iron sulfate, and peptone). The Sanger sequencing of 16S rDNA of strain AMA‐5 showed similarity with Chromobacterium piscinae. From the available literature and research articles, it was assumed that this violet color pigment is violacein. It was further verified by conducting high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) analysis. The violet biocolor that extracted was used in cotton and polyester fabric dyeing. After the fabrics treated with sodium chloride as a mordant were completely dried, it was identified that the color was solidifying. Overall study showed that C. piscinae AMA‐5 has good potential for production of violacein, which is the most important industrial natural dye used to add color to textile products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's world of industrial progress, pollution is a major concern, especially water pollution. Considered a real danger to mankind, this article looks at the treatment of water contaminated by textile dyes, which has become a danger to humans and the environment. As an example, we have chosen the green dye FB (anionic type) which is found in the rejects of a textile factory ENADITEX in the industrial zone of the wilaya of ORAN - ALGERIA, this dye is among the most used in the textile industry. The method adopted for dye removal is adsorption by natural perlite. The Experimental results showed that adsorption of the green dye FB on the porous solid studied: natural perlite, gave a removal rate of 87.51% for 60 minutes. The adsorption isotherms of the adsorbent/adsorbate systems studied are satisfactorily described by the two mathematical models Freundlich and Temkin. All the results obtained show that the adsorption kinetics of the green dye FB by the solid material is well described by the second-order model. The adsorption reaction is a physisorption, as the thermodynamic study demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of non-toxic and eco-friendly natural dyes on textiles has received much attention due to the increased environmental awareness to avoid some hazardous synthetic dyes. In the present study, an eco-friendly approach was developed to impart colour and antibacterial properties to cotton fabrics dyed with Justicia schimperiana leaf extract as a non-toxic natural colourant. The solvent method of extraction and exhaust dyeing method was used for this study. Copper sulphate, ferrous sulphate, and alum were applied in a simultaneous -mordanting process as a mordanting agent. The effects of shade percentage, dyeing temperature, and dyeing time on the obtained colour strength of the fabrics were investigated. Optimisation of dyeing conditions was carried out using Box Behnken design of expert software. An optimum level of 3. 28 colour strength (K/S) was observed in the sample treated with a shade percentage of 50 (% o.w.f), 72 °C dyeing temperature, and 45 minutes of dyeing time. Antibacterial properties of treated fabrics were evaluated against common pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative). The results indicated the treated fabrics possessed desirable antibacterial properties. The washing and rubbing fastness of the dyed fabrics were also reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural dyes have promising potential in the textile industry as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic dyes. In this study, a natural dye was extracted from the brown alga S. polycystum using a microwave-assisted extraction method under various extraction parameters. Response surface methodology (RSM), which combines transformational models and sequential technologies, was used in this study to improve the procedure. Response surface models were developed to correlate the extraction yield with four parameters, namely, algal concentration, pH of extraction medium, extraction time and temperature. Dyed and undyed wool fabrics were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results demonstrated that the colour strength (K/S) of dyed wool increases by decreasing the pH, increasing the dyeing temperature, dye concentration and time of dyeing process. The optimal level of pH, dye concentration, dyeing temperature and time for obtaining the highest K/S was 2.3 g 50 ml‒1, 120°C and 15 min, respectively. Dyeing of wool fabric processed under the optimal conditions showed strong anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity and good colour-fastness properties.

Abstract Background The textile industry is the second risk factor for bladder cancer, after smoking. Previous studies focused on the impact of exposure to high concentrations of bladder carcinogenic chemicals in the textile dyeing industry on the elevation of bladder cancer biomarkers. This study aimed to evaluate bladder carcinogenic air pollutants in a textile dyeing factory and investigate its role and the role of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vit. D) on cancer bladder biomarkers in exposed workers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. Particulate and vapor forms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monitored in the printing, dyeing, and preparing sections of a textile factory. Bladder tumor antigen (BTA), nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP-22), and 25-OH vit. D were estimated in all the exposed workers (147 exposed workers) and in workers not occupationally exposed to chemicals (130 unexposed workers). Results Aromatic bladder carcinogenic compounds were either in low concentrations or not detected in the air samples of working areas. BTA and NMP-22 of exposed workers were not significantly different from the unexposed. However, 25-OH vit. D was significantly lower in the exposed than unexposed workers. There was a significant inverse correlation between 25-OH vit. D and duration of exposure in exposed workers. Conclusion The mean levels of PAHs and VOCs were within the safe standard levels in the working areas. The non-significant difference in BTA and NMP-22 between the exposed and unexposed groups suggests the presence of occupational exposures to safe levels of bladder carcinogenic aromatics, while the significantly lower 25-OH vit. D levels among the exposed than the unexposed groups could suggest the potential association of 25-OH vit. D with occupational exposures to low levels of PAHs and VOCs, and this association was found to be inversely correlated with the duration of exposures. Accordingly, more specific predictor tests must be applied for early diagnosis of bladder cancer among the exposed workers.

Purpose: This study aims to synthesize new disperse dyes based on novel pyrazolyl quinolinone derivatives EQ1 and EQ2 and evaluate their characteristics after dyeing them on a polyester fabric. Design/methodology/approach: New dispersed dyes based on pyrazolyl quinolinone derivatives were prepared and confirmed by different analyses, such as infrared spectroscopy, elemental microanalysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. They were dyed on a polyester fabric. The characteristics of dyed polyester were determined by color measurements such as a*, b*, L*, C*, E, Ho, R% and color strength. The electronic structures of EQ1 and EQ2 in gaseous state were investigated using density functional theory/B3LYP/6-311++G (d, p) level of theory. Findings: The suitability of the prepared dyestuffs for dyeing on polyester fabrics has been investigated. The study was concerned with comparing the contrasting depth of shade and levelness. The study was concerned mainly with dye uptake and color measurements at two different temperatures. The results showed that the exhaustion values of dyes inside the polyester at 130°C were higher than those obtained at conventional dyeing temperature (100°C). The exhaustion values of EQ2 were greater than those of EQ1 at 130°C with 2.2%, while the brightness of EQ2 was higher than that of EQ1 at the two investigated temperatures. The results of molecular orbital calculations show that the studied compounds are planar. In addition, the ionization potential of EQ1 was lower than that of EQ2. The results of the theoretical study helped in understanding the dyeing behavior of the investigated azo dyes. Originality/value: The prepared disperse dyes based on pyrazolyl quinolinone derivatives could be used in textile dyeing of polyester on an industrial scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on comparing the characteristics of cotton fabric dyed with Diospyros mollis extract (DME) solution and that of cotton fabric dyed with the reactive dye. The parameters of the cotton fabric after dyeing with both types of dyes were assessed, including color strength (K/S), structural morphology, infrared spectrum, antibacterial properties, UV resistance, color fastness to washing, rubbing, light, moisture absorption, breathability, and wastewater indices. The obtained results show that the K/S value of cotton fabric dyed with DME solution is slightly lower than that of cotton fabric dyed with the reactive dye, 18.52 and 19.36, respectively. The cotton fabric dyed with the reactive dye does not exhibit antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the antibacterial effectiveness against these bacteria for cotton fabric dyed with DME solution is 99.99 %. The UV protection capability of cotton fabric dyed with DME solution is superior to cotton fabric dyed with the reactive dye. The BOD/COD ratio of wastewater from the dyeing process with DME is higher than that of the reactive dye, with values of 0.70 and 0.32, respectively. The findings of this study indicate the superior ability of using DME solution as compared to the reactive dye, which is promising as a natural dye for fabric in medical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract; In Older to explore the application effect of blueberry leaf pigment in textile dyeing, the natural pigment was extracted from blueberry leaves, and its application performance in the dyeing of tussah silk fabric was investigated. The results proved that blueberry leaf pigment could be used as a natural dye for tussah silk, and the suitable parameters of direct dyeing were a bath ratio of 1:50, pH value of 3.5, aim 98 °C Tor 80 min. Futhermore, the pre-mordant and post-mordant with aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, and ferrous sulfate effectively enhanced the color depth of the silk fabric, among which the K/S value of famous sulfate was the highest. In addition, the color fastness test results show that the rubbing, washing and light fastness of directly dyed tussah silk fabric WAS grade 3, and the color fastness of the mordant dyed tussah silk fabric was more than grade 3-4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthetically produced pigments have great demand in various industries; however, the toxic effects of synthetic pigments make their use in industries burdensome. This has led to the production of alternate eco-friendly methods. Pigments produced from microbes play a significant role as safe pigments are needed for sensitive industries like food, dyeing, and the textile industry. Potential bacterial pigments have attracted attention as they have better prospects, are eco-friendly, and are non-toxic. The current work was aimed at the isolation and characterization of pigment-producing halotolerant bacterial strains from saline environments. Their growth parameters such as pH, temperature, NaCl concentrations, and carbon and nitrogen sources for effective pigment production were optimized. The extracted bio-pigment was purified and characterized by FTIR, GC-MS, and HPLC analysis. GC-MS data of the pigment revealed three possible structures – 5-oxo-N-phenyl-3-(o-toluidinyl) 3-pyrrolidine Carboxamide (A), dibenzoate ester of phenyl 1,4-dihydroxylamine (B), and 9-acetyl phenanthrene (C). FTIR spectrum of the pigment showed characteristic bands for nitrogen, indicating the pigment structure to be either (A) or (B). Furthermore, the extracted pigment was applied to cotton fabric as a dye to study its effect. The pigment was found to bind well with cotton fabric at 40 °C in the presence of thiourea. The wash performance of the pigment was also found to be superior in the presence of thiourea. The halotolerant bacterial strain was identified by 16s RNA sequencing as Bacillus cereus. Hence, the pigment produced by Bacillus cereus indicates that the pigment has an affinity to cellulose that could possibly be used for textile coloring in a range of clothing in various materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing demand for sustainable practices in the textile industry has led to the exploration of natural dyes and eco-friendly dyeing processes. This study focuses on the potential of used coffee grounds (UCG) as an eco-friendly natural dye for Nylon 6.6 woven fabrics. Five dyeing processes were evaluated, varying in the use of mordants and acids, to assess their impact on the color saturation, colorfastness to laundering, and crocking resistance of Nylon 6.6. fabric. The processes included a control with no mordant or acid and others that incorporated tannic acid, acetic acid, and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate. The results demonstrated that process 4, which combined tannic acid pre-mordanting with acetic acid in the dye bath, provided the best balance between color saturation and colorfastness. Process 2, utilizing only tannic acid, offered some durability in laundering and crocking tests. Process 5, being the least eco-friendly process, demonstrated high color saturation, but it performed poorly in colorfastness to crocking, which means that it released the UCG-based dye after rubbing the dyed Nylon 6.6. fabric. The findings confirm that UCG can be an effective and sustainable natural dye for Nylon 6.6, with pre-mordanting and acid treatment significantly enhancing dye uptake and retention. However, further research is needed to optimize color intensity and expand the application of UCG in textile dyeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indigo is a commercially significant dye extensively used in the textile industry for dyeing denim and other fabrics. The synthesis of various colored indigo derivatives necessitates the halogenation of the indole ring in indigo. However, the scarcity of halogenating enzymes, especially those with high positional specificity and commercial availability, limits the biological synthesis of various halogenated indigos. This study presents the discovery of a novel halogenase from Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens that is similar to sttH from Streptomyces toxytricini, an enzyme that specifically halogenates the 6th carbon of the indole in indigo. The cloned halogenase gene was validated for halogenation activity and regioselectivity using a recombinant Escherichia coli whole-cell conversion system. The addition of either NaCl or NaBr resulted in the production of 6-chloro indigo or 6-bromo indigo, respectively. Notably, 6-chloro indigo displayed a red coloration, while 6-bromo indigo appeared blue. To optimize the whole-cell conversion system, we evaluated the conversion rate of halogenated indigo production in response to varying concentrations of tryptophan and E. coli cells. The maximum conversion rate (32%) was achieved using 30 mM tryptophan and an E. coli cell density corresponding to an OD50 reading. In conclusion, we have designed a recombinant E. coli whole-cell conversion system capable of producing 6-halogenated indigo by introducing a novel sttH-like halogenase from P. nigrifaciens. This system holds promise for the production of various indigo derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biotechnology holds the potential to revolutionize textile dyeing by utilizing biopigments, biodegradable dyes, and fermentative dyeing methods as alternatives to synthetic options. While some challenges exist, these biotechnological approaches offer innovative solutions to minimize environmental impact and foster sustainable practices, leading toward a greener, circular and efficient textile bioindustry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural dyes extracted from plants have gained increased importance in textile dyeing over the last few years for the development of sustainable chemical processes in the textile industry. In the above research, a novel natural dye was extracted from broccoli vegetables by ultrasonic extraction and subsequently applied to cotton material. The extracted natural dye and dyed cotton samples were characterized via FTIR, thermal, LC–MS, UV resistance and other functional tests, such as analysis of their color characteristics (K/S), fastness and antimicrobial properties. The results showed vibrant shades of green color with K/S values ranging from 0.55 to 2.71. The color fastness of the treated cotton samples ranged from moderately good to excellent. Additionally, the, dyed cotton samples showed greater reductions in the abundance of bacteria against S. aureus and E. coli. Hence, the overall results prove that the natural dye extracted from the vegetable broccoli has excellent dyeing potential for use with cellulosic material, increasing the greenness and sustainability of the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review covers the progress in recent years on pH-responsive polymers integrated with natural colorants. The classification of various natural colorants, including anthocyanin, curcumin, and alizarin, and the pigments' structural changes at different pH are introduced. Subsequently, the latest research in substrates for immobilizing natural colorants is discussed. Moreover, their applications on wound dressing for bacterial infections monitoring, smart package for food quality monitoring, and textile dyeing, are outlined. Finally, this study was summarized by emphasizing the current challenges and future opportunities in the field of pH-responsive polymers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examination of natural quinone dyes and their dyeing properties exist in the literature. However, disperse dyeing of synthetic quinone dyes on textile materials and examination of these properties are quite rare. In this study, the derivatives of new N-,O-heteroatom-substituted-1,4-naphthoquinone dyes were synthesized with the reactions between 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone with some aromatic and aliphatic N-nucleophiles according to Michael addition mechanism and the exact structure of dyes were specified by using various spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS, and UV/Vis.) and microanalyses. In the second step of this work, the polyethylene terephthalate fabrics were dyed with these newly synthesized disperse dyes. Dyeing performances such as dye exhaustion (%), color, and color fastness (to washing, alkaline perspiration, acidic perspiration, water, seawater, wet rub, dry rub, sublimation, and light fastness) properties of these dyes on PET fiber fabrics were investigated and compared. The highest color yield (K/S) by 12.33 was obtained with dye compound 10 at a dyeing depth of 3% owf and displayed better dyeing performance than the other dyes studied. In conclusion, PET fibers dyed with dye 2-4-(4-Chlorofenoxyaniline)-3-chloro-1,4-naphthoquinone (dye compound 10) displayed the highest dye exhaustion (%) values, the highest color yields, and excellent washing, perspiration (alkaline and acidic), water and seawater and rub (dry and wet) fastness values with no staining whatsoever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile waste is becoming among the most polluting waste in the world, discarded mostly in landfills. Valorizing textile waste via anaerobic digestion (AD) helps conserve resources, reduce environmental impact, and foster a circular economy. Although several reviews have discussed textile waste AD, there is a lack of detailed understanding of the challenges encountered during textile waste AD. Therefore, the goal of this review is to focus on challenges encountered and possible solutions for those challenges for biogas and fertilizer conversion via AD. Potential strategies include chemical, biological, and thermal pretreatments that significantly increase the digestion process. Co‐digestion of natural textile waste, cotton, and wool with carbon and nitrogen‐rich substrates improves AD efficiency by twofold. Moreover, separating polyester from polycotton and textile dye removal via solvent and advanced oxidation processes significantly increases methane yield compared with untreated textile waste. This review can aid in analyzing suitable methods to optimize the biogas production of textile waste via AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile dyeing requires optimizing combinations of ingredients and process parameters to achieve target colour properties. Modelling the complex relationships between these factors and the resulting colour is challenging. In this case, a physics-informed approach for multi-output regression to model CIELAB colour values from dyeing ingredient and process inputs is proposed. Leveraging attention mechanisms and multi-task learning, the model outperforms baseline methods at predicting multiple colour outputs jointly. Specifically, the Transformer model's attention mechanism captures the complex interactions between dyeing ingredients and process parameters, while the multi-task learning framework exploits the intrinsic correlations among the L*, a*, and b* dimensions of the CIELAB colour space. In addition, the incorporation of physical knowledge through a physics-informed loss function integrates the CMC colour difference formula. This loss function, along with the attention mechanisms, enables the model to learn the nuanced relationships between the dyeing process variables and the final colour output, thereby improving the overall prediction accuracy. This reduces trial-and-error costs and resource waste, contributing to environmental sustainability by minimizing water and energy consumption and chemical emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The textile industry is the second risk factor for bladder cancer, after smoking. Previous studies focused on the impact of exposure to high concentrations of bladder carcinogenic chemicals in the textile dyeing industry on the elevation of bladder cancer biomarkers. This study aimed to evaluate bladder carcinogenic air pollutants in a textile dyeing factory and investigate its role and the role of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vit. D) on cancer bladder biomarkers in exposed workers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Particulate and vapor forms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monitored in the printing, dyeing, and preparing sections of a textile factory. Bladder tumor antigen (BTA), nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP-22), and 25-OH vit. D were estimated in all the exposed workers (147 exposed workers) and in workers not occupationally exposed to chemicals (130 unexposed workers). Results: Aromatic bladder carcinogenic compounds were either in low concentrations or not detected in the air samples of working areas. BTA and NMP-22 of exposed workers were not significantly different from the unexposed. However, 25-OH vit. D was significantly lower in the exposed than unexposed workers. There was a significant inverse correlation between 25-OH vit. D and duration of exposure in exposed workers. Conclusion: The mean levels of PAHs and VOCs were within the safe standard levels in the working areas. The non-significant difference in BTA and NMP-22 between the exposed and unexposed groups suggests the presence of occupational exposures to safe levels of bladder carcinogenic aromatics, while the significantly lower 25-OH vit. D levels among the exposed than the unexposed groups could suggest the potential association of 25-OH vit. D with occupational exposures to low levels of PAHs and VOCs, and this association was found to be inversely correlated with the duration of exposures. Accordingly, more specific predictor tests must be applied for early diagnosis of bladder cancer among the exposed workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The art of dyeing textiles has a long history, as natural dyes have been used since prehistoric times. With the development of synthetic dyes in the 19th century, the focus shifted from natural to synthetic dyes due to their superior properties. Recently, however, interest in natural dyes has increased again due to environmental and health concerns. Among industrial dyes, heterocyclic dyes, especially azo dyes, are of great importance due to their color brilliance and fastness. This review examines the synthesis, application, and analysis of azo dyes, especially heterocyclic dyes. It deals with monoazo, diazo, and polyazo dyes and highlights their structures, synthesis methods, and fastness properties. In addition, the ecological impact of azo dyes and practical solutions for their synthesis and application are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to check the effectivity of plasma in the natural dyeing of polyester fabric using four natural dyes – Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu using plasma and alum mordant. The surface modification on the polyester fabric by plasma along with the use of benign mordant alum is studied. The enhancement of dyeability in polyester fabric with natural dyes is the main focus. Due to surface modification, the wettability increases, which leads to better dye uptake. Better dye uptake and better dye adherence are the main objectives. Design/methodology/approach: Plasma-mediated natural dyeing is the main design of this research work. The effect of plasma treatment on surface modification of synthetic fabric polyester and its subsequent effects on their dyeing with different natural dyes, namely, Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu are studied. The dyeability was further enhanced by the use of alum as mordant. The main focus is on the betterment of natural dyeing of polyester fabric using sustainable natural dyes resources for dyeing and to reduce wastewater contamination from the usage of toxic additive chemicals for cleaner production. Findings: Plasma-mediated and alum-mordanted dyeing method facilitated very good dyeability of all the four natural dyes, namely, Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu. Color strength (K/S) values and fastness properties of plasma-treated samples were far better than untreated samples. The synergistic effect of plasma and alum mordanting has made natural dyeing of polyester very easy with very good fastness results. Natural dyeing of polyester after 2 min of plasma treatment showed excellent and desirable results. The process is also easy to be adapted by industries. Research limitations/implications: As polyester is hydrophobic, natural dyeing of polyester fabric is not very easy, but with plasma-mediated natural dyeing, it becomes a very facile dyeing method; thus, there are no limitations. Use of plasma has reduced the need for any chemical additives which are usually added during the dyeing process. Practical implications: This process of natural dyeing of polyester fabric can be scaled up to industrial dyeing with natural dyes. Plasma pretreatment of the fabric followed by premordanting with alum has facilitated the natural dyeing well. Social implications: Use of plasma in place of chemical modifiers can be a green and environmentally friendly approach for sustainable coloration of polyester fabric, providing a clean wet processing for textiles dyeing. Originality/value: The synergistic effect of plasma-mediated and alum-mordanted natural dyeing of polyester has not been attempted by any researcher. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is for the first time that pretreatment with atmospheric plasma followed by alum mordanting of polyester fabric has shown very good dye uptake and fastness properties as the dye molecules could penetrate well after 2 min of the plasma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile industry uses large quantities of different dyes to fulfill the rapidly growing demand for the dyed textile products, resulting in more dye consumption, greater dye discharge as textile dyeing effluent, and higher cost. To decrease the dyes consumption, this research evaluates the performance of novel ozone-based dyeing processes for cotton fabric. So far, reported ozone-based processes for textile involve the usage of high ozone intensity for removing impurities, discoloration of solution, color fading in denim and other fabrics. This research is a first effort, which concentrates on the performance enhancement of the exhaust dyeing process for cotton fabrics through the application of controlled and lower amount of ozone. In this research, ozone dosage is controlled through ozone generator knob to only 0.5 g/h (10%), 1 g/h (20%), 1.5 g/h (30%), 2 g/h (40%), and 2.5 g/h (50%). In contrast, ozone dosage reaches up to 60 g/h in cotton bleaching. This research evaluates the four ozone-based dyeing processes for cotton fabrics using two primary reactive dyes and two primary direct dyes under different concentrations of ozone. Effect of ozonation was evaluated for both direct and reactive dyes at four stages, namely during dyeing, dry ozonation before dyeing, pre-wet ozonation before dyeing, and ozonation after dyeing. Results showed that K/S value of the optimized ozone-based processes was better than the conventional exhaust process. For instance, K/S value for benchmarked conventional dyed sample was 2.147 for reactive yellow, and it was 3.271 (33.5% higher) for the "ozonation after dyeing" process. Similar trends were observed for many other trials, resulting in higher K/S value. In addition, the fastness properties of the optimized processes were comparable with the conventional exhaust process. FTIR and SEM analysis were also performed on selective ozone dyed fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The textile industry generates large volumes of waste throughout its production process. Most of this waste is colored, therefore, discoloration is an important step toward recycling and reusing this waste. This study focused on the chemical reductive discoloration of textile waste composed of cotton dyed with reactive dye. The experimental design demonstrated the significant influence of the concentration of reducing agent and time of reaction on the degree of whiteness of the cotton fibers. The concentration of the alkaline agent was not significant in the process. The optimization of the reaction conditions lead to Berger degree of 50.5 ± 3.5. The discolored cotton was chemically recycled through dissolution in ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and regeneration in film form in water. The microstructure of the regenerated cellulose films was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) indicating complete dissolution and uniform regeneration. The discoloration process reduced the polymerization degree and crystallinity index of the cotton fibers but retained the cellulose I structure. The dissolution and cellulose regeneration process results in transparent films with an amorphous structure. The thermal behavior, evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, indicated that residues and regenerated film presented a main decomposition step. The maximum decomposition rate temperature of the regenerated films was approximately 40°C lower than the cotton fibers, which correlates well with the reduction in polymerization degree and amorphous structure. In general, the study demonstrated that textile cotton waste dyed with reactive dyes can be chemically discolored to form transparent and amorphous films, contributing to the development of sustainable strategies for the textile industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional Dong handicrafts of Sanjiang, rooted in the cultural heritage of the Dong ethnic group face challenges in retaining their market relevance while preserving their traditional characteristics. Despite their cultural and historical significance, these handicrafts struggle to meet the growing demands of the modern cultural and creative industries, leading to declining sales. This study examines the traditional handicrafts of the Dong community in China. It produces a theoretical framework that can be applied to revitalize them by focusing on three key areas: product development, craft branding and marketing strategies. The paper specifically explores traditional practices such as textile dyeing, wooden architecture construction, and silver craftsmanship, highlighting their cultural and economic importance in contemporary contexts. This research employs a case study method. Data collection process involved gathering and analyzing information from academic journals, government reports, and published magazines. It concludes that the marketability of Dong handicrafts could be enhanced through the development of innovative craft branding strategies that integrate traditional craftsmanship with modern design and technologies while safeguarding their cultural heritage. By employing insights from product development branding and marketing strategies, the paper proposes solutions to revitalize and sustain Dong handicraft traditions in the face of modernization and globalization. The research confirms that traditional Dong handicrafts, despite facing challenges from modernization, globalization, and technological advancements, can be revitalized through the strategic application of product development, branding and marketing frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to increasing problems of freshwater availability and wastewater treatment and management, there is a dire need to control water pollution. A major portion of wastewater is produced through dye contamination from textile industries. In this study, efforts were made to evaluate the renewable, environment-friendly, and biomass-based adsorbent for the effective removal of dyes from aqueous solution. Pine sawdust biomass samples were subjected to adsorption under different parametric studies to optimize the adsorption process efficiency. The maximum adsorption efficiency was observed around 50-60 % under different working conditions. This study demonstrates that the non-linear versions of the PSO and IPD kinetic models were better than the linear forms from the perspective of the dye adsorption mechanism. Comparably, the nonlinear fitting of the Freundlich model yielded lower χ² values and higher R² values than the linear fitting. Positive Gibbs free energy values imply that the adsorption is non-spontaneous and thermodynamically unfavorable at the investigated temperatures. The thermodynamic study shows that the adsorption of BBY onto the PSD adsorbent is an exothermic process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research article, it is reported the preparation and characterisation of four types of blended cotton‐polyester based textile materials in different dye ratios with four kinds of natural dyes of agro waste (walnut shell, onion peel) and wildflowers (tansy, Hypericum) with/without mordants as antibacterial and antifungal species for shoe materials. The dyed samples were spectrophotometrically measured and the results were obtained as colour strength (K/S) as well as CIELab values. As a result, dyed fabrics with natural dyes showed yellow, grey, orange and brown colours. With the help of a mordant, aluminium‐potassium, the dyed fabrics obtained natural, not distorted shades of these colours, and with the addition of copper sulphate, they showed changing yellow to light green, orange to dark red, grey to a darker shade of grey and brown to a darker colour. The dyed samples were tested for colour fastness to circle rubbing and satisfactory results were found. The fabrics dyed only with natural dyes and treated with natural dye and mordants were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal properties against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The results indicated that fabrics treated with these natural dyes and mordants had excellent antibacterial and antifungal activity. All natural dyes and mordants used in this study were the most effective and showed the maximum inhibition zone, indicating the best antimicrobial and antifungal activity against tested microbes. The results showed that all these natural dyes can provide some antibacterial and antifungal activity on mixed fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of substituting the conventional inorganic alkalis (Na2CO3) with different organic alkoxide5s to explore the potential of replacing aqueous dyeing medium with environmentally friendly solvents like ethanol (EtOH). The study aimed to assess the dyeing characteristics, such as exhaustion, fixation, fastness qualities, physical properties, and environmental implications when EtOH and water were present, while also examining the impact of alkoxides. Time-gated Raman spectra provide insights into the allomorphic forms of cellulose-II after the alkoxide pretreatment, which significantly influences the overall reactivity of cellulose fibers and their dye absorption capabilities. Notably, organic alkoxide pretreated dyeing demonstrated improved color strength, exhaustion, and fixation efficiency compared to Na2CO3 pretreatment, as one of the work's key findings. For instance, the conventional dyed fabric exhibits 3.4 times lower color strength than alkoxide-based (RR239 + C2H5ONa 3 g/L + EtOH) dyeing, showing substantial potential for upscaling at commercial level as it requires no chemical auxiliaries (such as NaCl and Na2CO3). Importantly, the alkoxide pretreatment does not significantly alter the physical, mechanical and fastness properties of the fabrics, which are comparable to both the pristine and aqueous dyed fabrics, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy experiments. The effluent's color intensity resulting from dyeing with C2H5ONa + EtOH (3 g/L) is approximately 24 times lower (250 Pt/Co) in comparison to the aqueous dyeing using 40 g/L of NaCl and 20 g/L of Na2CO3 in an aqueous medium (6154 Pt/Co). Apart from the color intensity, alkoxide pretreatment and EtOH-based dyeing drastically reduce the COD, BOD, TDS, TSS and total hardness values, which could have cost-saving implications for wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of green processes for sustainable recycled dyeing is key to reducing the energy consumption and environmental harm caused by traditional textile dyeing. In this study, an easy fabrication process was used to obtain ZIF-8-modified cotton fabrics with a more uniform nanoparticle distribution. Furthermore, from the view point of green and clean dyeing and finishing, acid dyes could be adsorbed to modified cotton fabrics without consuming water, heat and discharging residual dyeing liquid, and it could also be used in batik to depict specific patterns. At the same time, the modified cotton fabrics had excellent UV protection and antibacterial effect while maintaining air and moisture permeability. During the adsorption of acid dyes, the modified fabric showed greater adsorption properties for the larger and more hydrophobic acid dye molecules during the adsorption of acid dyes,. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the fabrics for acid red G and weak acid purple 4BNS were 6.21 mg·g-1 and 9.26 mg·g-1, respectively. The residual dyeing solution could be recycled to reduce wastewater discharge and environmental pressure. The prepared fabric had a UPF value of 44.695, indicating a good UV protection effect. The antibacterial activity of the modified fabrics was 94.11% against Escherichia coli and 94.30% against Staphylococcus aureus. This study provided a good idea for textile cleaning and dyeing. It not only increased the scope of the dyes used for dyeing cotton fabrics, but also provided a new strategy for the green and sustainable development of cellulosic fiber fabric dyeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary focus of the current investigation was to assess the removal of Rhodamine B dye (RhB) from aqueous solutions using pomegranate peel as a green adsorbent. The chemical and morphological characterization of pomegranate peel was conducted through ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and SEM microscopy. The study also investigated various reactional parameters, kinetic, and adsorption isotherm in a batch system. The results revealed that RhB adsorption reaches equilibrium in about 2 hours, with an adsorption capacity of 19.41 mg/g observed at a 50 mg/L of initial RhB concentration. To model the kinetic of RhB adsorption, two well-known models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order) were applied. The pseudo-second-order model yielded a superior fit for the kinetic data, as evidenced by analyses of R2, RMSE, ARE, and χ² values. Additionally, the findings suggest that the adsorption process is not solely governed by intraparticle diffusion. Furthermore, isotherm analysis revealed that the Langmuir model offered a more accurate fit to the equilibrium data, estimating the maximum removal capacity to be 47.17 mg/g. These findings suggest that pomegranate peel offers a promisingly eco-friendly and cost-effective solution for sustainable remediation of textile dyeing effluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The study's relevance is determined by the current desire to reduce the negative environmental impact of the textile industry. The study aims to develop and optimise dyeing processes using natural dyes in the textile industry. Results: The process of dye transfer from solution to Bombyx mori natural silk fibre can be divided into three successive kinetic stages. The first stage involves the adsorption of dye molecules on the active surface of the fibre, the second, their diffusion deep into the fibre towards its centre, and the third, the uniform distribution of dye molecules along the fibre starting from its centre. It is noticed that diffusion at the third stage slows down significantly, and the third stage lasts much longer than the first and second stages. The analysis of experimental data on dye concentration over time on dyed materials and their comparison with hypothetical data will make it possible to establish time intervals for each stage of the process and diffusion coefficients for each of them. Conclusion: This study has practical implications as it may contribute to more efficient and sustainable dyeing of textile materials using natural dyes, helping to reduce the negative environmental impact of the textile industry, and contributing to our knowledge of diffusion and dyeing processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The art of dyeing fabrics is one of the oldest human activities. In order to improve the fastness properties of dyeing products, various additives are added to optimize the uniformity of fibers and surfaces and improve dye distribution. Unfortunately, these additives can be harmful and very often are not biodegradable. This article reports on the possibility of using a natural additive for dyeing textiles: a polysaccharide extracted from the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia ficus indica). One type of fabric was tested, silk, with different colors. Several samples were prepared and dyed for each color, adding the same additives but also a commercial chemical aid for one of them and the mucilage of Opuntia for another. The fastness of the applied dyes was evaluated by washing at different temperatures with a common liquid detergent. All samples were analyzed before and after washing with a colorimeter to evaluate the color changes. The results of the analyses reported and compared indicate the potential of prickly pear mucilage as an additive for dyeing silk, which is easily accessible, safe, and sustainable compared to other commonly used additives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: From Ancient Egypt to the present day, acquiring the color red in the art world has involved various methods. Over the centuries, these methods have included oxides, natural minerals, and organic dyes obtained from plants and insects. This study focuses on the Cochineal insect, which produces a natural red pigment called carmine. This pigment has been used in art for thousands of years, especially by indigenous cultures for textile dyes and paintings. During the Renaissance, artists valued carmine for its bright red tones. The study examines the history of the Cochineal insect, its role in art, and its modern perception. It also discusses famous artworks created with cochineal dyes and how these pigments have inspired artists. Paints obtained from insects are generally regarded as a natural and organic source, making them an environmentally friendly option. Incorporating insect-derived paints into artworks allows for the integration of an organic element sourced from nature. Furthermore, the use of these paints can help enrich artworks aesthetically and conceptually. In conclusion, the use of insect-derived paints depends on the artist's preferences and the messages they aim to convey through their works. In this compilation, the focus is on the Cochineal insect (Dactylopius coccus Costa, 1835 (Hemiptera: Dactylopiidae)), a creature native to South America that produces a potent natural red pigment known as "carmine". This pigment, utilized for obtaining the color red, has been an integral part of the art world for thousands of years. Indigenous cultures, in particular, have employed the dye extracted from this insect in the creation of textile dyes and paintings. Moreover, the Cochineal insect and its unique pigments have not only supported artistic expression but also captivated and inspired artists. During the Renaissance period, artists preferred the carmine pigment produced by the females of the Cochineal insect for obtaining bright and vivid red tones. This study delves into the history of the Cochineal insect, its role in art, and its perception in the modern world. Famous paintings created with dyes obtained from the Cochineal insect are discussed, exploring how pigments have found a place in the art world and how artists have utilized this extraordinary source to create distinctive works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Japanese textile tradition is renowned for its intricate designs achieved through a variety of dyeing techniques, including kasuri, shibori, and paste-resist dyeing. These techniques are often combined within a single textile, resulting in exceptionally elaborate creations. Our paper delves into the technical aspects and complexities of these methods, highlighting the dynamic interplay between tradition and innovation in Japanese textile production. Our scientific endeavour focused on some textiles dating between the 19th and 20th centuries and belonging to the Montgomery Collection of Japanese folk art. Employing non-invasive techniques such as visible reflectance spectroscopy and ER-FTIR spectroscopy, we uncovered key insights into the materials and methods utilized in the creation of these textiles. Our analysis revealed a diverse array of pigments and dyes, including plant-derived, inorganic, and synthetic variants. These findings illuminate the cultural syncretism between traditional Japanese practices and the adoption of new materials from the West, underscoring the dynamic nature of textile production in Japan. Furthermore, ER-FTIR spectroscopy elucidated the predominant use of cotton as the primary fibre in the textiles, aligning with historical records of Japan's role as a major producer of cotton yarn. Analysis of white areas within the textiles revealed evidence of resist-paste dyeing techniques, particularly tsutsugaki and katazome, through the absence of dye penetration and the characteristic appearance of white lines. Confirmation of indigo dyeing techniques (aizome) was achieved through ER-FTIR spectroscopy, providing reliable identification of indigo and Prussian blue in various shades of blue present in the textiles. Additionally, the detection of Western-derived dyeing method (utsushi-yūzen) and free-hand painting (kaki-e), offers insights into the diversity of dyeing practices employed by Japanese artisans. The presence of proteinaceous materials and synthetic dyes observed in some textiles has implications for conservation practices, suggesting the need for tailored approaches to ensure the preservation of these culturally significant artifacts. Overall, these scientific results shed new light on the materials, techniques, and cultural contexts underlying Japanese textile production, advancing our understanding of this rich artistic heritage and informing future research endeavours in textile science and conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prominence of chiaroscuro in late eighteenth-century French oil painting posed significant challenges for tapestry weavers, which led artisans and chemists to seek chemical solutions for replicating in textiles the style's high contrast between light and dark. Textile manufacturers struggled to reproduce the intense gradations of painters like Jacques-Louis David, and innovations in dye technology were driven by the need to match the naturalism and Enlightenment symbolism of contemporary paintings. Napoleon's investment in dye chemistry and the establishment of a dyeing school aimed to standardize colorants and rebrand traditional arts with political imagery. The integration of scientific expertise in the decorative arts led to advancements that laid the groundwork for future developments in synthetic colorants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Textile Industry / Tekstilna Industrija is the property of Union of Textile Engineers & Technicians of Serbia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Water pollution caused by textile dyes is a critical environmental issue, significantly impacting aquatic ecosystems and human health. Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising solution to this problem, using light to activate catalysts that degrade organic pollutants. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), in particular, is a widely used photocatalyst for its strong oxidative properties under UV light. This study explores the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB), a common and persistent textile dye, using carbon-doped TiO2 (C-TiO2) photocatalysts under UV-C light. The impact of various operating parameters, such as pH, initial RhB concentration, photocatalyst amount, and irradiation time, has been investigated. The results showed that at a pH of 9, a dye concentration of 10 mg/L, a photocatalyst amount of 25 mg, and an irradiation time of 90 min, the 6% C-TiO2 achieved the highest photocatalytic RhB removal of 74% under UV-C light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pollution of surface waters by the textile dye-containing wastewaters causes to an increasing concern throughout the world. Methyl violet is a toxic, mutagenic and harmful textile dye against humans. Clays are cheap and vast adsorbents in the nature. Methyl violet dye removal from solution was studied by raw pumice and raw kaolinite using the central composite experimental design method. Firstly, raw kaolinite and raw pumice were tested for the dye adsorption and then capacities of raw kaolinite and raw pumice were aimed to increase by KOH and HCl modification. The experimental parameters studied for the central composite design were initial pHs (2-10), adsorbent amounts (0.2-1 g/50 mL) and initial concentrations (100-500 mg/L). In central composite experimental design of raw kaolinite and raw pumice, the all parameters were found as statistically unimportant for kaolinite and pH, pH-pH, concentration-concentration parameters were found statistically important and other parameters were unimportant for raw pumice. Maximum capacities for raw pumice and raw kaolinite were calculated as 7.15 and 18.31 mg/g, respectively. The dye removal of KOH-pumice and KOH-kaolinite were not high from raw pumice and raw kaolinite. HCl modified kaolinite and pumice were ineffective for dye removal. Kinetics of dye removal by raw kaolinite fitted to the pseudo second order model. pHpzc values of raw pumice and raw kaolinite were found as 6, respectively. Dye removal was obtained as 90% for 50 mg/L dye concentration by kaolinite. Raw kaolinite was determined as the most effective adsorbent for dye concentrations especially below 100 mg/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the intersection of colorimetry and biomimetics in textile design, focusing on mimicking natural plant colors in dyed textiles via instrumental colorant formulation. The experimental work was conducted with two polyester substrates dyed with disperse dyes using the exhaustion process. Textiles dyed with different dye colors and concentrations were measured in a spectrophotometer and a database was created in Datacolor Match Textile software version 2.4.1 (0) with the samples' colorimetric properties. Colorant recipe formulation encompassed the definition and measurement of the pattern colors (along four defined natural plants), the selection of the colorants, and the software calculation of the recipes. After textile dyeing with the lowest expected CIELAB color difference (ΔE*) value recipe for each pattern color, a comparative analysis was conducted by spectral reflectance and visual assessment. Scanning electron microscopy and white light interferometry were also used to characterize the surface of the natural elements. Samples dyed with the formulated recipe attained good chromatic similarity with the respective natural plants' colors, and the majority of the samples presented ΔE* between 1.5 and 4.0. Additionally, recipe optimization can also be conducted based on the colorimetric evaluation. This research contributes a design framework for biomimicking colors in textile design, establishing a systematic method based on colorimetry and color theory that enables the reproduction of nature's color palette through the effective use of colorants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pakistan is a country with rich traditions emerging from various faiths which are reflected in the expression of regional folk arts. Pakistan lies in an area where not only earlier known human civilizations flourished but it also witnessed continued march of vanguards of various civilizations from central Asia and Near East. The rich heritage of Pakistan's art and craft has evolved over an extended period of 5000 years. In this duration Pakistan became the crossroad of many splendid cultures and enriched the world with an amazing variety of cultural, religious, linguistic, and artistic expressions. This intermingling of cultures surprisingly influenced all kinds of arts and crafts, including textile arts. Due to diversified talents, interests and inspiration, different regions have their special identity for unique folk textile crafts. In this land, the traditional textile artisans of the Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Balochis tan and Kashmir have been pursuing their skills, as they have done for generations. Admitting diverse art heritage of distinctive regions of Pakistan, this paper overviews some historic traditional textiles nurtured here. Design is the backbone of graphic art, design that is a part of art actually a part of our life and personality and influences the enjoyment of everything to do and of everything to select. Textile designs developed from three sources the quality of the fabric the size and type of yarn and the way they are combined if more than one is used. The aim of this paper is to trace the history of textile designing and printing with special reference to khadi. It also explores the challenges of Pakistan's textile industry which has given recommendations to developing it for the progress of industrialization in Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the "power restriction" measures were taken in many localities, industrial electricity consumption was interrupted, mainly in the "two high" (high energy consumption and high pollutant emission) enterprises. Take the "power restriction" event in 2021 as an example, this event affected a wide range of regions and disrupted people's livelihood. It not only refers to the power switch and rationing measures taken by individual regions, but also includes differentiated policies implemented by over 20 provinces to limit power supply and industrial production. This paper investigated in detail and summarized the different requirements of power restriction across the country, through the comparison of annual growth rates of power generation and industrial added value，the comparison results of energy intensity, electricity production, power consumption and the industrial growth rate in each province are analyzed. Industrial enterprises and related industrial chains were most heavily affected by the "power restriction" event，mainly in steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum, industrial silicon, textile printing and dyeing, chemical fiber, chemical and other enterprises with high energy consumption and high pollutants emission. The measures to limit electricity will affect the normal production of enterprises to a certain extent, leading to not only the decrease of production efficiency, but also the increase of energy consumption and pollutant emission per unit product. Energy management measures such as differentiated electricity price have limited effect on the output of "two high" industrial products, and the economic leverage of differentiated electricity price is gradually being diluted by the price rise of end products. This paper analyzed the reasons and explored several key problems that need special attention. then recommended certain countermeasures for its appropriate application in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the improvement of bioremediation of textile dye Reactive Red 195 using agro-industrial waste, groundnut oil cake (GNOC) obtained after oil-pressing. The treatment of GNOC with 1 N H2SO4 had resulted in physiochemical changes on the insoluble porous adsorbent, which improved their adsorption efficiency. The dye removal efficiency increased from 55% to 94% on acidification of GNOC. The raw groundnut oil cake (RGNOC) and acid-treated groundnut oil cake (AGNOC) were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, and zeta potential. The rate and efficiency of dye adsorption were examined using adsorption kinetics and isotherm models. The results confirm that acid-treated GNOC eliminates impurities, alter the surface functional groups, and significantly increase porous surface areas of RGNOC. The investigation of key factors such as contact time, initial concentration of dye, static/agitation impact, particle size, and adsorbent dose had significantly influenced adsorption capacity of GNOC. Adsorption of dye fits best into the Langmuir model and equilibrium data of dye on AGNOC was explained by psuedo-second-order reaction with maximum adsorption capacity of 12.65 mg/g. This emphasis AGNOC has a very excellent potential to remove the textile dye Reactive Red dye from industrial effluent. This study reports the primary investigation exploring the application of groundnut oil cake (RGNOC) and its acid-modified (AGNOC) version for the bioremediation of industrially used textile dye Reactive Red 195 (RR195). The core objective of this study is to use a low-cost biosorbent to remove RR195 dye from effluent that pose risk to the health and environment. This study analyses the adsorption capacity of RGNOC and its acid-modified version AGNOC to treat contaminated water and the influencing parameters. AGNOC adsorption potential for RR195 dye sequestration was shown to be higher compared to RGNOC. Acidification of the adsorbent is simple, cost expensive, and more efficient alternate approaches to scale up for industrial application. As a result, an attempt has been made to add a new adsorbent to the database. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]