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Cystic hydatid disease is an endemic disease caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosis. It is especially evident in the liver, lungs, and kidney. Testicular hydatidosis is extremely rare. A case of a hydatid cyst of the testis is reported that was misdiagnosed clinically as a testicular hydrocele. Echinococcosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of testicular masses especially in endemic countries. Treatment is mainly surgical and, with proper diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis is good.

Objective To explore the efficacy, advantages and disadvantages of treating pediatric hydrocele/inguinal hernia with a 1.1 mm diameter transumbilical single-port laparoscopy. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted for the clinical data and follow-up findings of 30 children with hydrocele/inguinal hernia from January 2022 to August 2023. A STORZ 1.1 mm laparoscope was applied with a homemade Trocar. Based upon the size of incision and the number of puncture holes, they were assigned into three groups of A (a single 1.8 mm umbilical incision, n = 30), B (a single 3.3 mm umbilical incision, n=30) and C (double 3.3 mm umbilical incisions, n = 80). The differences in gender, onset time, age, disease type, lesion site and operative duration (unilateral/bilateral) were compared among three groups. Results In group A, the average operative age was 2.57 years with an average follow-up duration of 5. 22 months. In group B, the average age was 3.81 years with an average follow-up duration of 6.70 months. In Group C, the average age was 2.81 years with an average follow-up duration of 6.38 months. None of them exhibited such postoperative complications as recurrence, iatrogenic cryptorchidism, incision infection or scrotal edema. However, one case (1/80) in group C developed postoperative granuloma at inguinal incision site. No statistically significant difference existed among three groups in terms of gender, type of disease, differences in unilateral/bilateral conditions before and during surgery, operative duration or duration of illness. However, the difference in average age and unilateral operative duration was statistically significant among three groups ( P = 0.03 and P = 0.039 ) . Average age of group A/C was lower than that in group B ( P = 0.012 and P = 0.024). Unilateral operative duration was longer in group A/C than that in group B ( P = 0.045 and P = 0.015 ) . Conclusions As compared to 3 mm single-umbilical-port laparoscopy and 3 mm dual-umbilical-port laparoscopy, 1.1 mm single-umbilical-port laparoscopy for pediatric hydrocele/inguinal hernia has demonstrated consistent surgical outcomes with no increase in postoperative complications. It is a safe and reliable surgery with mini-invasive scars. However, due to a limited number of cases, further experiences and equipment upgrades are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer, with the liver being themost common site of distant metastasis, followed by the lungs and bones. Although reports of metastasis to the testis exist, paratesticular metastasis is extremely rare. A 37-year-old male presented with scrotal swelling. Ultrasound revealed hydrocele of the tunica vaginalis. The patient underwent routine surgical treatment, and postoperative pathology of the tunica vaginalis indicated adenocarcinoma of gastrointestinal origin. Colonoscopic biopsy confirmed adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon. After six months of systemic therapy, tumor reduction surgery was performed in conjunction with tunica vaginalis excision. Postoperative pathology suggested histological similarity in both sites, with immunohistochemistry results supporting the diagnosis of sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma metastasizing to the tunica vaginalis. We conducted a literature review, summarizing and discussing clinical presentations, metastatic pathways, and diagnostic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelial tumor (WDPMT) is a distinct form of mesothelioma with low malignant potential and is mostly found in the peritoneal cavity. It consists of mesothelial cells with papillary structure and bland cytology. We report a rare case of WDPMT with suspicious invasive foci in the tunica vaginalis. WDPMT with invasive foci is known to have a tendency for recurrence. Therefore, careful attention should be given to properly diagnosing and treating this rare entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this meta-analysis, we aimed to compare the hydrocelectomy versus aspiration and sclerotherapy for treating primary hydrocele. Methods: We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi‐RCTs that compared aspiration and sclerotherapy with any type of sclerosants versus hydrocelectomy for primary hydrocele. Studies were identified via a systematic search of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Citation tracking of related articles was performed. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two authors. The primary and secondary outcome measures were compared and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3.5 software. Results: Five small RCTs were included in the present study. These 5 RCTs included 335 patients with 342 hydroceles, randomized to aspiration and sclerotherapy (185 patients; 189 hydroceles) and surgery (150 patients; 153 hydroceles). There was no significant difference in clinical cure between sclerotherapy and hydrocelectomy (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.10). Meta-analysis revealed a significant increase in recurrence in the sclerotherapy group compared with the surgical group (RR 9.43, 95% CI 1.82 to 48.77). There were no significant differences between the two groups in assessing fever, infection, and hematoma. Conclusion: Aspiration and sclerotherapy is an efficient technique with a higher recurrent rate; therefore, we recommend aspiration and sclerotherapy for patients at high risk for surgery or avoiding surgery. In addition, included RCTs had low methodological quality, low sample size, and invalidated instruments for outcome assessment. Therefore, there is a great need for further methodologically rigorous RCTs with the registered protocol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionAbdominoscrotal hydroceles (ASH) are uncommon occurrences in boys and usually treated similarly to a hernia with the assumption that there is an associated patent processus vaginalis. Treatment in this manner may be challenging due to sac size, extension and adherence to the spermatic cord. Due to the rarity of ASH, the literature is mostly limited to small, single-institution case studies.ObjectiveOur goal was to evaluate two techniques in large number. We hypothesized a simplified scrotal technique with eversion, Jaboulay procedure, would demonstrate less complications and equivalent efficacy to standard excision.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records at three tertiary children's hospitals to identify boys who underwent surgical repair of ASH between 1998 and 2018. Group 1 had excision and/or ligation of the hydrocele sac. Group 2 had a scrotal incision with limited excision and then eversion of the hydrocele sac (Jaboulay procedure). Variables that were analyzed included preoperative imaging, surgical technique, surgical findings, length of follow up, complications and recurrence of swelling.ResultsWe identified 61 boys, who had 77 abdominoscrotal hydroceles. Group 1 included 38 patients with 48 hydroceles. Group 2 included 23 patients with 29 hydroceles. Complications were more common in Group 1 patients (18% vs 0%) but complication rate and operative time were not statistically associated with surgery type or age. No patient in either group had recurrence of hydrocele.DiscussionAlthough this is a large study for this rare condition, the analysis is limited by number and its retrospective nature.ConclusionFor the rare and difficult to treat abdominoscrotal hydrocele, we were unable to prove with statistical significance that a simplified technique of eversion via the scrotum is safer. However, this large series did demonstrate that the simplified procedure provides equal efficacy as excision.

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelial tumor (WDPMT) is a distinct form of mesothelioma with low malignant potential and is mostly found in the peritoneal cavity. It consists of mesothelial cells with papillary structure and bland cytology. We report a rare case of WDPMT with suspicious invasive foci in the tunica vaginalis. WDPMT with invasive foci is known to have a tendency for recurrence. Therefore, careful attention should be given to properly diagnosing and treating this rare entity.

PurposeBoth pediatric urologists and pediatric surgeons perform hernia repairs, hydrocelectomies and orchiopexies. We hypothesized that surgeons perform more incarcerated and female hernia repairs while urologists perform more orchiopexies and hydrocelectomies.MethodsThe Vizient-AAMC Faculty Practice Solutions Center® database was queried from January 2009 to December 2014 to identify patients 10years or younger who underwent the above procedures performed by pediatric specialists. Age, gender, race, insurance, geographic region and surgeon volume were examined.ResultsIn the study 55,893 surgeries were identified: 26,073 primary hernia repairs, 462 recurrent hernia repairs, 3399 laparoscopic hernia repairs, 9414 hydrocele repairs and 16,545 orchiopexies. Pediatric surgeons performed 89% of primary hernia repairs with an annual median surgeon volume of 4 cases/year. Pediatric urologists performed 62% of hydrocelectomies and 83% of orchiopexies with annual median surgeon volumes of 6 and 24, respectively. Pediatric surgeons performed all procedures in younger patients and performed more female and incarcerated hernia repairs.ConclusionsPediatric surgeons operate on younger patients and treat more patients with inguinal hernias while pediatric urologists care for more boys with undescended testes and hydroceles. This knowledge of referral patterns and care between specialties with overlapping expertise will allow improvements in training and access.Levels of evidenceCost Effectiveness Study, Level of Evidence III.

Abdominoscrotal hydrocele (ASH) is a variant of hydrocele that rarely occurs in adults. ASH has two sacs, one in the scrotum and one in the abdomen connected through the inguinal canal. Abdominoscrotal haematocele is a rare complication of ASH. We report a 57-year-old male patient who presented to a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India, in 2019 with complaints of swelling in the scrotum for 15 years and abdominal pain for two months. Both the swellings were soft and cross fluctuation was present. Imaging confirmed the diagnosis of ASH. During a diagnostic laparoscopy, the abdominal sac was decompressed and found to have thick brownish fluid suggestive of haematocele. It was demonstrated that both sacs were connected. Due to difficulty in the dissection of the sac, the procedure was converted to an open procedure. Both the sacs were excised and Lytle's repair was done for the dilated internal ring. The patient recovered and no recurrence of any swelling in the abdomen or scrotum was found at the end of a one-year follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gold standard treatment of symptomatic hydrocele or spermatocele is surgery. Despite a minor procedure, complications such as bleeding and infections leading to reoperations may be devastating for the patients. In autumn 2018, an accumulation of complications was seen in our department. The aim of this study was to investigate the rate and grade of complications and to identify potential means to reduce these. Patient records of all patients undergoing surgical repair of hydrocele or spermatocele from December 2017 to November 2018 were examined. Results were audited to identify potential causes of complications. The focus was on the perioperative hemostasis and postoperative activity restrictions. The outcome was compared to a consecutive patient series operated the following year. Sixty-five men were operated on during the first period. Twenty-two patients contacted the department postoperatively due to swelling or pain, 19 patients were examined at the hospital and six patients were re-operated 1–9 times. The following year, 69 patients were operated on. Of these, 16 patients contacted the department postoperatively (p = 0.17), 13 patients were examined at the hospital, and five patients were re-operated (p = 0.68). There was the same complication rate in patients operated by specialist urologists or supervised younger doctors. However, patients preoperatively examined and informed by a specialized urologist had significantly fewer complications compared to those informed by urological residents and interns (p = 0.012). Despite the change in patient information and increased awareness of possible complications, a high proportion of patients still were in need of unplanned contact to the department and reoperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discovery of scrotal swelling in a neonate can be a source of anxiety for parents, clinicians, and sonologists alike. This pictorial essay provides a focused review of commonly encountered scrotal masses and mimics specific to the neonatal setting. Although malignancy is a concern, it is very uncommon, as most neonatal scrotal masses are benign. Key discriminating features and management options are highlighted to improve the radiologist's ability to diagnose neonatal scrotal conditions and guide treatment decisions. Neonatal scrotal processes ranging from common to uncommon will be discussed.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the outcomes and costs associated with surgery versus sclerotherapy as treatment of hydroceles. Methods: A total of 53 men consecutively treated for hydrocele at our organization, between December 2015 and June 2019, were retrospectively analyzed (39 with Jaboulay technique and 14 with sclerotherapy). All charts were reviewed, assessing clinical data, ultrasound findings, surgical data, and post-procedure outcomes. The hospital finance department calculated the cost of outpatient evaluation, complementary tests, supplies, drugs, and professionals’ costs throughout all procedures. Results: The median age for both groups was similar (58 and 65 years old). Comorbidities were less frequent in the Surgery Group (20; 51%) than in the Sclerotherapy Group (14; 100%, p

Objectives: Evaluate clinical outcome, recurrence, morbidity, and cost associated with laparoscopic surgical ligation versus percutaneous embolization of adolescent varicocele. We hypothesize that both approaches are similar in outcomes, complications, and cost. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 56 consecutive adolescent males, ≤18 years from 2006 to 2016 with clinical varicocele who underwent laparoscopic surgical ligation or percutaneous embolization. Patient demographics, operative time, postoperative complications, success, varicocele grade, recurrence, and hospital charges were abstracted. Results: Mean age was 14.2 ± 2.1 years; 48 (86%) patients having undergone laparoscopic surgical ligation and 8 (14%) percutaneous embolization. Intervention in 45 (80%) patients was for testicular hypotrophy (mean 27.4% ± 15.6%) and 11 (20%) for pain symptomology. Median follow-up was 17.5 months (range 1-65 months). After ligation, 2 (4%) patients developed hydroceles (1 with subsequent hydrocelectomy) and 6 (12%) varicocele recurrence. There were no cases of hydrocele or varicocele recurrence after percutaneous embolization. Twenty ligation patients had postoperative scrotal ultrasound demonstrating an increase in testicular volume by a reduction in difference in testicular volume from 27.3% ± 14.7% preoperatively to 11.2% ± 13.6% postoperatively (P < .001). There was significant difference in mean operative time between the groups (surgical ligation 41.3 minutes versus percutaneous embolization 117.9 minutes, P < .001) and hospital charges for the procedure (surgical ligation $3983 versus percutaneous embolization $18.165, P < .001). Conclusions: Contrary to our hypothesis, percutaneous embolization has seemingly lower rates of postoperative hydrocele and varicocele recurrence in comparison to surgical ligation but with three times the exposure to general anesthesia and at four times the price. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Processus vaginalisin tam olarak kapanmaması durumunda çeşitli inguinal patolojiler ortaya çıkabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı kliniğimizde 2011 ve 2018 yılları arasında inguinoskrotal cerrahi operasyonu yapılmış olan tüm hastaları geriye dönük olarak yaş, cinsiyet ve başka bir operasyonla birliktelik durumu açısından değerlendirmektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Cerrahisi kliniğinde 2011 ve 2018 yılları arasında 558 inguinal herni onarımı, 184 orşiopeksi ve 65 hidroselektomi olmak üzere inguinal cerrahi operasyonu yapılmış olan toplam 807 hastanın kayıtları geriye dönük olarak incelendi.Bulgular: İnguinal herni operasyonu yapılmış olan 558 hastanın ortalama yaşı 3,0±3,6 yıl olup bu hastaların 288’i (%51,6) 2 yaşından daha büyük idi. İnguinal herni operasyonu yapılmış olan hastaların 411’i (%73,7) erkek ve 147’si (%26,3) ise kız idi. Cinsiyete göre inguinal herni onarım yönü bakımından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık vardı (p=0,038) ve kızlarda sol inguinal herni onarım oranının erkeklere göre daha yüksek olduğu tespit edildi. Orşiopeksi operasyonu yapılmış olan 184 hastanın ortalama yaşı 4,0±3,4 yıl idi ve orşiopeksi operasyonu yapılmış olan hastaların sadece 46’sı (%25,0) 2 yaşından daha küçük idi. Hidrosel operasyonu yapılmış olan 65 hastanın ortalama yaşı ise 4,6±4,1 yıl idi.Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, toplumun inguinal herni ve inmemiş testisin doğru operasyon zamanı hakkında yeterli düzeyde bilgi sahibi olmadığı ve toplumun bu konuda bilgilendirilmesi gerektiği görülmektedir.

Schistosomiasis is a disease of profound public health importance worldwide. Testicular schistosomiasis (TS) is however still considered as a rare entity despite the burden of the disease. We report a case of a 9 year old male who presented with features suggestive of testicular hydrocele. The spermatic cord and testis were seen as thickened lesion on examination and a biopsy taken revealed calcified ova of Schistosoma haematobium. This is being reported to enhance increased suspicion amongst surgeons in cases of testicular masses within endemic settings like Nigeria.

Purpose: Few studies have explored the treatment of isolated communicating hydroceles via scrotal incision. We prospectively evaluated the surgical outcomes of such treatment in boys with hydroceles compared with that using traditional, inguinal incision hydrocelectomy. Materials and Methods: Of 347 boys aged 0–12 years who were diagnosed as hydrocele on ultrasonography, 173 boys were assigned to the scrotal incision hydrocelectomy group (group I, n=173) and 172 boys were assigned to the traditional inguinal incision hydrocelectomy group (group II, n=172), and finally 156 boys in group I and 156 boys in group II were included in this study. Surgical outcomes, including postoperative complications and hydrocele relapse rates, were compared between groups. Results: The overall success rates were similar in both groups (group I, 96.8%; group II, 89.1%; p=0.740). The operation time and hospital stay were significantly shorter in group I (30.94±3.95 minutes and 3.94±0.30 days) than in group II (38.02±7.12 minutes and 4.24±0.99 days; p

Schistosomiasis is a disease of profound public health importance worldwide. Testicular schistosomiasis (TS) is however still considered as a rare entity despite the burden of the disease. We report a case of a 9 year old male who presented with features suggestive of testicular hydrocele. The spermatic cord and testis were seen as thickened lesion on examination and a biopsy taken revealed calcified ova of Schistosoma haematobium. This is being reported to enhance increased suspicion amongst surgeons in cases of testicular masses within endemic settings like Nigeria [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Various inguinal pathologies can occurred if the processus vaginalis cannot closed fully. The aim of this study was to evaluate all patients who underwent inguinoscrotal surgery operations between 2011 and 2018 in our clinic, in terms of age, gender and accompanying with another operation, retrospectively. Material and Methods: In this study, records of 807 patients who were performed inguinal surgery operations including 558 inguinal hernia repair, 184 orchiopexy and 65 hydroselectomy between 2011 and 2018 at Duzce University, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Surgery Department were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Mean age of the 558 patients who underwent inguinal hernia operation was 3.0±3.6 years, and 288 (51.6%) patients were older than 2 years of age. Of the patients who performed inguinal hernia operation, 411 (73.7%) were male and 147 (26.3%) were female. There was a statistically significant difference in terms of inguinal hernia repair side according to gender (p=0.038), and left inguinal hernia repair rate in females was detected higher than in males. Mean age of the 184 patients who performed orchiopexy operation was 4.0±3.4 years old, and only 46 patients (25.0%) who underwent orchiopexy were younger than 2 years of age. Mean age of the 65 patients who performed hydrocele operation was 4.6±4.1 years old. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is seen that the community does not have enough information about the right operation time of inguinal hernia and undescended testis, and that the society should be informed about this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To estimate the incidence of men seeking specialized care and receiving treatment for hydro or spermatocele complaints. Also, to determine the risk of complications of treatment. Materials and methods: The total number of men living in Sweden each year from 2005 to 2014 was used to calculate incidence and age distribution of adult (≥18 years) men seeking specialized healthcare with either hydro or spermatocele. This was done by using nationwide registries, mandatory by law. They contain information on primary or discharge diagnosis, procedure codes and antibiotic prescriptions. Also, complication rates comparing aspiration (with or without sclerotherapy) and conventional surgery were analysed. Results: The incidence of men with either hydro or spermatocele diagnosis in specialized healthcare was ∼100/100,000 men. The treatment incidence was 17/100,000 men. Orchiectomy was used as primary treatment in 2.4% of cases. The risk of experiencing a complication was clinically and statistically significantly increased with conventional surgery as compared with aspiration, 17.5% (1607/9174) vs 4.6% (181/3920), corresponding to relative risk of 3.79 (95% CI = 3.27–4.40). Hematoma and infections were the most common complications. Conclusion: Hydro and spermatoceles are common, affecting elderly men. Aspiration seems advantageous with respect to complications and can be recommended due to the benign course of the disease. The indication for conventional surgery might be questioned such as the use of orchiectomy as primary treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that can affect any organ in the body, including the genitourinary system, which accounts for 33.7 - 45.5% of non-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. The purpose of this paper is to report a case of hydrocele as initial manifestation of genitourinary and miliary tuberculosis, which was an unsuspected disease Case Presentation. Previously healthy male patient is admitted to emergencies due to orchialgia and bilateral hydrocele, with purulent secretion from the scrotum. Was managed with intravenous antibiotic and right hydrocelectomy. Intraoperative findings of thickening of right epididymis and drainage of caseous and purulent material Ipsilateral epididymectomy was performed; testing for detection of tubercle bacillus in specimen and purified protein derivative was requested, and was found positive In the postoperative period, respiratory symptoms arose; paraclinical tests found compromised lungs, pleura and urinary tract by tubercle bacillus. Antituberculous treatment was initiated with satisfactory evolution Discussion. The genitourinary system is the second-most affected system by nonpulmonary tuberculosis. The most affected organ is the kidney (by 80% compared to the others) and the most affected genital organ is the epididymis (22 - 55%). It should be suspected in patients with chronic urinary symptoms with no apparent cause. It is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality due to infertility and kidney failure Conclusions. Despite the non-specific symptoms and because it is not normally a suspected entity, genitourinary tuberculosis should be ruled out when pulmonary tuberculosis exists. Timely diagnosis and treatment are very important in order to prevent secondary complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACTObjective:To compare our previously published new minimally access hydrocelectomy versus Jaboulay's procedure regarding operative outcome and patient's satisfaction.Materials and Methods:A total of 124 adult patients were divided into two groups: A and B. Group A patients were subjected to conventional surgical hydrocelectomy (Jaboulay's procedure) and group B patients were subjected to the new minimal access hydrocelectomy. The primary endpoint of the study was recurrence defined as a clinically detectable characteristic swelling in the scrotum and diagnosed by the two surgeons and confirmed by ultrasound imaging study. The secondary endpoints were postoperative hematoma, wound sepsis and persistent edema and hardening.Results:The mean operative time in group B was 15.1±4.24 minutes and in group A was 32.5±4.76 minutes (P≤0.02). The mean time to return to work was 8.5±2.1 (7–10) days in group B while in group A was 12.5±3.53 (10–15) days (P=0.0001). The overall complication rate in group B was 12.88% and in group A was 37%. The parameters of the study were postoperative hematoma, degree of scrotal edema, wound infection, patients’ satisfaction and recurrence.Conclusion:Hydrocelectomy is considered the gold standard technique for the treatment of hydrocele and the minimally access maneuvers provide the best operative outcomes regarding scrotal edema and hardening and patient's satisfaction when compared to conventional eversion-excision hydrocelectomies.

Abstract: Background: We present 3 likely cases of testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS) within a community of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii). We tested whether genetic drift may be the culprit, as a genetic cause has been suspected to account for TDS among other wildlife. Methods: We successfully sequenced a 367‐bp segment spanning the first hypervariable region within the D‐loop of the mitochondrial genome for 78 DNA samples. Results: We found 24 polymorphic sequence sites consisting of 7 singletons and 17 parsimony informative sites. This sample contained 9 haplotypes with a diversity index of 0.78 (SD = 0.03). All tests against the null hypothesis of neutral polymorphisms were non‐significant (P > .10). The mismatch distribution of pairwise differences does not fit a Poisson's curve (raggedness index = 0.166; SSD = 0.12; P = 1). Conclusions: Thus, we found no significant signs of genetic isolation, population expansion, or genetic bottleneck. Alternative causes of TDS and how they might pertain to this population are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Since hydrocelectomy remains the choice of surgical treatment of hydrocele and standard surgical procedures may cause postoperative discomfort and complications, a new minimal surgery procedure is needed. The scrotoscope was used for the diagnosis and treatment of intrascrotal lesions. The aim of the study is to illustrate a new minimal hydrocelectomy with the aid of scrotoscope, in an effort to decrease complications. Materials and Methods: Between 2002 and 2012, 65 patients underwent hydrocelectomy with the aid of a scrotoscope. Before carrying out hydrocelectomy, the scrotoscopy was first used to examine the intrascrotal contents to exclude any pathological lesions. After determining the condition of testis, epididymis and spermatic cord and excluding any other secondary causes of hydrocele, a 2.0cm scrotal incision was performed. The parietal tunica vaginalis was then grasped out of scrotum, and the mobilized tunica was excised. The scrotoscopy was then performed again to inspect the intrascrotal contents. Results Mean operative time was 35.4 minutes. No major complications occurred during the post-operative follow-up period. Of these 65 patients, 61 underwent scrotoscopy and minimal hydrocelectomy, two patients underwent open hydrocelectomy because thickening of hydrocele wall was identified; two patients with acute inflammation only underwent scrotoscopy. Pathological changes were observed among eight patients. All patients were satisfied with the outcomes. Conclusions Minimal hydrocelectomy shows commendable results and fewer complications. The combination of minimal hydrocelectomy and scrotoscopy seems to be an encouraging technique. This novel surgical procedure proves to be a viable option for the diagnosis and treatment of hydrocele.