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Mesay Arkew, Haftu Asmerom, Kabtamu Gemechu, Tewodros Tesfa School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Mesay Arkew, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box: 235, Harar, Ethiopia, Tel +251926678740, Email mesayarkew12@gmail.comBackground: Anemia is a common and often overlooked hematological change observed in patients with diabetes mellitus. However, there is no global survey or health registry that estimates the pooled prevalence of anemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the global pooled prevalence of anemia among adult patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO with the reference number (CRD42022327135), and the link provided (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022327135) display the published methodology. Previously published articles were searched in PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, WHO Global Index Medicus, African Journals Online, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Google from October 26 to November 09, 2022. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. Random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of anemia. The degree of heterogeneity among the included studies was assessed using I2 statistics. Publication bias was detected using funnel plot symmetry analysis supplemented by Egger’s and Begg’s tests.Results: Twenty-four studies with a total number of 19,118 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of anemia among type 2 diabetic adult patients was 27.0% (95% CI: 24.0, 31.0, I2 = 96.45%; P< 0.001). Geographical and time-ba

Mesay Arkew,1 Haftu Asmerom,1 Tewodros Tesfa,1 Setegn Tsegaye,2 Kabtamu Gemechu,1 Tilahun Bete,3 Kassahun Haile4 1School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 2College of Health and Medical Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; 3Department of Psychiatry, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Mesay Arkew, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box: 235, Harar, Ethiopia, Tel +251926678740, Email mesayarkew12@gmail.com; Mesay.Arkew@haramaya.edu.et

Tadesse Shume, Tewodros Tesfa, Shambel Mekonnen, Haftu Asmerom, Fikru Tebeje, Fitsum Weldegebreal Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Tadesse Shume, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, P.O.Box 235, Harar, Ethiopia, Email tadeshume15@gmail.comBackground: Infections of sterile body fluids are susceptible to serious invasive bacterial infections and critical, with high morbidity and sequelae risk. This study has not been conducted previously in eastern Ethiopia.Objective: The present study was designed to determine the bacterial profile, associated factors, and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of isolates among patients with sterile body fluids at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia.Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2021 among 204 patients selected using a convenient sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. All consenting patients submitting body fluid specimens for testing at the clinical laboratory were included and analyzed using standard microbiology methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method and interpreted as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Data were double entered into Epi data version 4.6, exported, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the association between outcome and predictor variables. P-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: The overall prevalence of bacteria among different sterile body fluid samples was 16.7% (95% CI: 12– 22%). Most of the bacterial isolates (70.6%) were Gram-negative bacteria, mainly K. pneumoniae (26.5%) and E. coli (20.6%). Multidr

Mesay Arkew,1 Haftu Asmerom,1 Tewodros Tesfa,1 Setegn Tsegaye,2 Kabtamu Gemechu,1 Tilahun Bete,3 Kassahun Haile4 1School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 2College of Health and Medical Sciences, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; 3Department of Psychiatry, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Mesay Arkew, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box: 235, Harar, Ethiopia, Tel +251926678740, Email mesayarkew12@gmail.comBackground: Diabetes has been proposed to inflict an insult on the hematopoietic milieu marked by changes in hematological indices including red blood cell parameters. Thus, this study aimed to assess the red blood cell parameters and their correlation with glycemic control in type 2 diabetic adult patients in comparison with apparently healthy individuals.Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the chronic illness clinic of Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized University Hospital from May 20 to July 10, 2022. A total of 220 (110 type 2 diabetic patients and 110 controls) study participants were selected by a simple random sampling technique. Five milliliters of venous blood were collected by the vacutainer blood collection technique. Red blood cell parameters and blood glucose levels were determined using UniCel DxH 800 and Biosystems A25 analyzers, respectively. Independent sample t-test and Pearson correlation test were used for the data analysis. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in RBC parameters of T2DM patients and the control group. The mean RBC count, Hgb, Hct (P < 0.001), and MCHC (P = 0.002) in patients with

Tigist Gashaw,1 Mekonnen Sisay,1 Tewodros Tesfa,2 Yohannes Baye,3 Firehiwot Amare4 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 2Microbiology Unit, Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Pediatrics and Neonatal Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Tigist GashawDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 235, Harar, EthiopiaEmail yekalabel@gmail.comIntroduction: Penicillin is among the highly used antibiotics in most parts of the world, with amoxicillin being the most frequently utilized drug in the category. However, amoxicillin use has been found to deviate from standard treatment guidelines (STGs).Objective: This study aimed to evaluate amoxicillin utilization patterns based on Ethiopian STGs criteria at four governmental hospitals in Harar town: Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Jugel Hospital, South East Command III Hospital, and Federal Harar Police Hospital in Eastern Ethiopia in 2016.Methods: A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was employed using medication records of patients who received amoxicillin in 2016 at four governmental hospitals from May 15 to June 30, 2018. A total of 502 medication records were proportionally allocated based on the ratio of consumption data of each hospital. Simple random sampling was employed to collect the required sample from the sampling frame. The collected data were entered into SPSS version 21 and analyzed using descriptive analysis.Results: Amoxicillin was used in all age groups, including pregnant and lact

Mina Ali Dawa,1 Tewodros Tesfa,2 Fitsum Weldegebreal2 1Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Fitsum WeldegebrealDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, P.O. Box: 235, Harar, EthiopiaEmail fwmlab2000@gmail.comBackground: Dermatophytosis is a common problem across the globe that is caused by a group of closely related fungi known as the dermatophytes that can invade keratinized tissues. It is a usual refractory infection and deleteriously affects the quality of life of humans. Despite the common presence of dermatophytes on the human host, research evidence in this area is limited.Objective: Aimed to assess the mycological profile and its associated factors among patients suspected of dermatophytosis at Bisidimo Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia, from March to October 2021.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 289 patients who visited the dermatology department of Bisidimo Hospital. Data were collected by reviewing patients’ charts and using a structured questionnaire to assess the associated factors of dermatophytosis. The patients’ medical charts were reviewed to assess chronic conditions. Skin, hair, or nail samples were collected and transported to Medical Microbiology Laboratory at Haramaya University Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences. Samples were inoculated into Potato dextrose agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar, and fungal isolates were identified morphologically and microscopically. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses with 95% confidence intervals were carried out to identify factors associated with dermatophytosis.Results: The overall magnitude of dermatophytosis infection was 28.

Mekonnen Sisay,1 Tigist Gashaw,1 Firehiwot Amare,2 Tewodros Tesfa,3 Yohannes Baye4 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 3Microbiology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 4Department of Pediatrics and Neonatal Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Mekonnen SisayDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box, 235, Harar, EthiopiaTel +251 920 21 21 35Fax +251 256 66 80 81Email mekonnensisay27@yahoo.comBackground: Antibacterial agents are an integral part of chemotherapy and play a critical role in the prophylaxis and treatment of bacterial infections. However, prescribing errors such as incomplete prescriptions that do not adhere to good prescribing practice have become a contemporary concern in hospitals in resource-limited settings. Therefore, this study aimed to assess antibacterial prescribing and its completeness among prescriptions dispensed at four governmental hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was employed to assess a total of 1308 prescription encounters containing at least one antibacterial agent obtained with simple random sampling from annual antibacterial-containing prescription data of four hospitals. The data were collected retrospectively using a structured checklist.Results: A total of 2,855 drugs were prescribed from 1308 prescribing encounters with 1496 (52.39%) being antibacterial agents. The name, age, sex, and diagnosis of the patients were written in 1158 (88.3%), 815 (62.31%), 796 (60.58%), and 183 (13.99%) prescript

Dagne Bodena,1 Zerihun Ataro,2 Tewodros Tesfa2 1Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Dagne BodenaHiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, College of Health And Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, PO Box 235, Harar, EthiopiaTel +251910127241Email dagne2004bodena@gmail.comPurpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 leading killer diseases in developing countries, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the trend analysis and seasonality of TB at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia.Methods and patients: A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted on 8,001 patients by reviewing all available patients’ data from January 1, 2015 to April 30, 2019, at the Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia. Socio-demographic characteristics and results of the GeneXpert assay were taken from the registration book. The data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and analyzed by using the statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.Results: From a total of 8,001 samples tested using Genexpert, the overall prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance was found to be 1,254 (15.7%) and 53 (4.1%), respectively. A decreasing trend of TB prevalence was observed, and decreased from 19.3% in 2015, 18.6% in 2016, to 18.4% in 2017, 13.5% in 2018 and down to 13.0% in 2019 (P-value<0.001). The maximum number of TB cases were reported during autumn (454, 17.1%) and summer (310, 17.2%) compared to other seasons of all the study period. Being between the ages of 15–29 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.41–1.98), of male gender (AOR=0.84, 95% CI=0.75–0.96), experiencing