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Neste trabalho, buscamos apresentar os resultados de recente análise dinâmica contextual sobre as oportunidades e barreiras para a saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos jovens brasileiros. Na realização da pesquisa, revimos a literatura acadêmica mais recente, identificamos as principais ações governamentais e não-governamentais sobre essa temática e entrevistamos alguns especialistas da área. No decorrer deste trabalho, apresentamos os principais temas, concepções e ações, quando o assunto é saúde sexual dos jovens, e identificamos algumas das lacunas nas pesquisas e intervenções de educação não-formal até a inserção da educação sexual nos parâmetros curriculares nacionais na segunda metade da década de 1990. Finalizando, apresentamos uma agenda de ações e estudos no sentido de fomentar estratégias mais eficazes de promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos jovens brasileiros.

Stigmatisation processes constitute key barriers to effectively addressing the HIV pandemic. In this article, we provide a critical overview of this field's current state of the art, highlighting some key emerging issues that merit greater research attention in the future to ensure that contemporary research on stigmatisation and resistance processes continues to engage with changing social and political circumstances. We look at how resistance to stigma has developed in the context of HIV and highlight some of the most important programmatic strategies that have emerged over the history of the pandemic. We present the key concepts of 'moral panics' and 'necropolitics', and we articulate them in relation to new global phenomena that deepen the processes of stigmatisation. Moreover, we identify an agenda for investigation which merits greater attention in future research, intervention, and advocacy: 1) changing political environments, neoliberalism, growing political polarisation, and the rise of political extremism; 2) the rise of the information age, technological change, and social media; and 3) rebuilding civil society and governmental responses to stigma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazil is often singled out as an outstanding example of a developing nation with a successful program to slow the spread of AIDS. At the end of the 1980s, when [...]

Religious institutions, which contribute to understanding of and mobilization in response to illness, play a major role in structuring social, political, and cultural responses to HIV and AIDS. We used institutional ethnography to explore how religious traditions-Catholic, Evangelical, and Afro-Brazilian- in Brazil have influenced HIV prevention, treatment, and care at the local and national levels over time. We present a typology of Brazil's division of labor and uncover overlapping foci grounded in religious ideology and tradition: care of people living with HIV among Catholics and Afro-Brazilians, abstinence education among Catholics and Evangelicals, prevention within marginalized communities among Evangelicals and Afro-Brazilians, and access to treatment among all traditions. We conclude that institutional ethnography, which allows for multilevel and interlevel analysis, is a useful methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the emergence of HIV seropositivity as a new identity, closely linked to male homosexuality, in Brazilian culture. Based on the author's personal experience as an AIDS activist, together with his ongoing research on homosexuality and HIV/AIDS, the article examines two distinct conceptions of seropositive identities that have emerged in the Brazilian HIV/AIDS movement. The first of these conceptions suggests that all people whose lives have been touched by HIV and AIDS can work together, based on principles of solidarity, in seeking to respond to the epidemic-whether or not they are themselves directly infected with HIV. The second, more specific conception, suggests that those infected by HIV share a number a range of common experiences that distinguish them from others, while at the same time recognizing the specificity of those who are homosexual men as opposed to heterosexual women or injecting drug users. The paper seeks to explore the ways in which these differing conceptions have taken shape as the basis for social action and activism around AIDS-related issues such as prevention, treatment and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]