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Sub-Saharan Africa has been one of the most affected regions in the world by the emissions-induced climate crisis. Even though the region is not the biggest emitter of CO2 globally it is important to understand the dynamics of emissions in the sub-continent. This study takes a look at one of those determinants –education. Specifically, the study attempts to unravel the role of education on C02 emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa. To achieve this aim, the study adopts a sample of 46 countries in the region and employs data covering the period 1996–2018. The estimations are carried out using four estimators (Pooled OLS, Fixed Effects, Random Effects and System-GMM). The findings of the study reveal that the improvement in education has two different impacts on C02 emissions in Sub-Saharan Africa. On one hand, the Pooled OLS reveal a negative relationship between education and emissions – (0.000374%) while the random Effects and system GMM reveal a positive relationship between education and C02 emissions (0.000934% & 0.000233% in the region. Similarly, energy consumption is positively associated with carbon emissions (0.0209%). More so, the study suggests that efforts be made to improve education with an emphasis on the harmful effects of emissions to the environment as this will aid to reduce emission-related activities in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Migration has been a topical issue in the European Union. The Successful exit of the United Kingdom from the European Union and the movement of refugees from the Middle East have drawn a lot of attention to the topic. This study investigates the relationships between trade, governance performance, and migration across 23 European countries from 1998 to 2017. Findings from our sys-GMM regression reveal that migration is negatively related to trade while the relationship between Governance and trade is majorly negative. while real GDP and FDI spur the level of trade openness. It is therefore recommended that; the authorities in the EU review and improve regulatory institutions in the region to enable the growth of the export sector in the region. Also, migrants must be integrated into the EU economy to enable them to contribute high skilled labour services and innovative ideas which will lead to growth in economic activities, especially in the export sector.

Sub-Saharan Africa is greatly affected by global warming and is the most affected region in the world. Although several studies in the literature have attempted to identify the causative agents and recommendations to the environmental damages, the gap remains unfilled as the situation is still not any better. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge through the investigation of the role of governance, energy consumption and population on the environmental quality in Sub-Saharan Africa using data spanning over the period 1998 to 2014 for 46 countries in the region. For the empirical analysis, the System-Generalised Method of Moments (S-GMM) is employed to analyse the model. Findings from the study reveal that while the total population has a negative but insignificant impact on emissions, the urban population has a positive and statistically significant impact on emissions. The moderation effect of governance is found to overturn the adversities of the urban population on emissions, but this effect is statistically insignificant. The study recommends proper and strategic management of population pressure in urban centres to mitigate its impact on emissions

Good Health is said to be a life asset globally, health and economic growth are correlated making it a fundamental factor for sustainable economic growth. This position resonates the disposition of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals-3 (UNSDG’s). The current health pandemic that has plagued the global of which the global south-Nigeria is not insulated from is the premise for this empirical investigation. The present study relies on recent annual time-series data to conceptualize the hypothesized claim via Pesaran’s Autoregressive distributed lag techniques. Empirical findings from the bounds test trace long-run relationship between public health expenditure and economic growth over the study span. However, unlike previous studies, we introduce life expectancy and death rate in the model. Although health expenditure is not significant, empirical results show that a 1% increase in life expectancy and death rate increases and decreases economic growth by 3.85% and 1.84% respectively. This suggests the need for the Health Policymakers in Nigeria to implement active policies that reduce death rate which is a blueprint for active engagement in the face of a global pandemic such as COVID-19. Other vital policies are also recommended.