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Stylosanthes capitata Vogel is an important forage legume in tropical and subtropical regions. To study the response of S. capitata to the moderate warming expected as a result of climate change, plants were subjected to elevated temperature (2 °C increase over the ambient temperature) in a temperature free-air controlled enhancement (T-FACE) facility. Photosystem II (PSII) performance, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, the chlorophyll index, the leaf area index (LAI) and the aboveground biomass production were evaluated. The maximum PSII quantum yield (FV/FM) and the quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation Y (NPQ) were not affected by the warming. However, we observed a significant increase in the electron transport rate (ETR), the non-photochemical energy dissipation (NPQ), the effective PSII quantum yield Y(II) and the coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP) in the warmed leaves compared with the control leaves. In contrast, a significant reduction in the quantum yield of the relative reduction state of QA (1-qP) and non-regulated power dissipation Y(NO) was observed in the warmed leaves. The increase in ETR under moderate warming was associated with the increase (31%) in chlorophyll content. The activities of antioxidant enzymes increased in the leaves of the warmed plants, but the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the leaves was not affected by warming, suggesting that higher levels of the antioxidant defense system induced by warming may improve the protection of photosynthesis against oxidative damage and attenuate the destructive effects of reactive oxygen species. As a result of warming, leaf area index (LAI) and biomass production increased by 32% and 16%, respectively. The improved PSII functioning of the warmed leaves of S. capitata may reflect their capacity to acclimate better to warming growth conditions. We conclude that the warming induced by increasing the temperature by 2 °C, under non stressing conditions, was beneficial for the physiology and for the biophysical and physiological processes involved in plant growth of S. capitata, suggesting that slight increases in the leaf temperature may benefit some plants, especially those in tropical environments.

A 35-year-old female patient with dentoalveolar open bite of 4 mm, molar Class I malocclusion, centered midlines, moderate crowding, and labial inclination of the lower incisor was treated with clear aligners to reduce protrusion and close the anterior open bite. The result showed that clear aligners were an effective method with which to correct this malocclusion. The treatment was complete after 18 months. The patient was satisfied with her new appearance and function.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-07-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:55:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lemos_mto_me_jabo.pdf: 967680 bytes, checksum: a6c9fc3231a065465ff531a2097edf51 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) A conservação da biodiversidade, implica em cultivar espécies arbóreas nativas que possam ser utilizadas em projetos de reflorestamento, recuperação de áreas degradadas e com o objetivo de obter produtos secundários importantes como madeira e produtos medicinais. O uso de rizobactérias promotoras de crescimento em plantas, vem sendo muito estudado em culturas de importância econômica, devido a sua aplicabilidade em beneficiar o desenvolvimento destas. Neste trabalho foram escolhidas quatro espécies arbóreas nativas, leguminosas não nodulantes: Pterogyne nitens (Amendoim-bravo), Albizia hasslerii (Farinha-seca), Copaifera langsdorffii (Copaíba), e Stryphnodendron adstringens (Barbatimão). O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar in vitro as diferentes bactérias isoladas destas espécies florestais que possam ter efeito benéfico no crescimento e desenvolvimento inicial das plantas e caracterizálas pelo sequenciamento do gene 16S rRNa e perfil eletroforético do gene BOX-A 1R. As bactérias foram isoladas da rizosfera e da raiz de mudas de cada espécie, em meio de cultura NFb. No total, 29 isolados foram cultivados em meio de cultura DYGS enriquecido com triptofano. A estimativa colorimétrica do Ácido Indolacético (AIA) foi feita no espectrofotômetro, utilizando o sobrenadante da cultura de células e solução de Salkowski, com resultado positivo para o isolado Pn 6 Sphingobium chlorophenolicum com 61,69 μg.mL-1. Os isolados também foram testados para a eficiência de solubilização de fosfato de cálcio que foi realizado e contabilizado até o 15° dia após a inoculação em placas de Petri com meio de cultura NBRIP sólido, onde 27 isolados apresentaram resultados positivos. A caracterização genética permitiu a diferenciação em gêneros e também em espécies de um mesmo gênero. Os isolados que deram resultados positivos para AIA e solubilização de fosfato... The biodiversity conservation implies cultivating native forest species that can be used in reforestation projects, recovery of degraded areas as well as getting others like wood and medicinal products. The plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) use is being studied in cultures of economic importance. In this work four native forest species, no nodulating leguminous had been chosen: Pterogyne nitens, Albizia hasslerii, Copaifera langsdorffii, and Stryphnodendron adstringens. The aim of this work was the in vitro evaluation of the different isolates from those forest species with beneficial effects in growth and initial development of the plants and characterizes them by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and BOX-A 1R. The bacteria had been isolated from the rhizosphere and from the roots (endophytic) of each species seedlings on NFb growth media. A total of 29 isolates had been cultivated in growth media DYGS enriched with tryptophan. The indolacetic acid (IAA) production was estimated by colorimetric test in the spectrophotometer, using the supernatant of the cells culture and Salkowski´s reagent, with positive result for the isolated Pn 6 Sphingobium chlorophenolicum with 61,69 μg.mL-1. Isolates had been also tested for the efficiency of P- solubilizing that was carried through and measured until the 15 º day after the inoculation in Petri plates with solid growth media NBRIP, where 27 isolates had presented positive results. The genetic characterization allows us to differentiate by the genus and species from the same genus. The isolates that had positive results for IAA and P-solubilizing had not matched between itself, what suggests nursery tests with combinations between them to evaluate the isolate efficiency as a possible PGPRs.