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The effect of sodium nitroprusside, possible nitric oxide donor, on the activities of Ca2+, Mg(2+)- and Na+, K(+)-ATPases and lipid peroxidation was investigated in erythrocytes in vitro. Sodium nitroprusside caused 3-fold increase of mechanical and peroxidative erythrocyte hemolysis and also increase of bound malonic dialdehyde. Sodium nitroprusside-treated erythrocytes were also characterized by increased Na+, K(+)-ATPase activity.

The authors examined 20 general educational schools in Rostov-on-Don and identified 8 informative determinants of enterobiasis prevalence among them, such as the frequency of wet cleaning, the number of recreational rooms and gymnasia, over-crowding, the presence of extended-day groups, water supply, shower-rooms in the gymnasia, and shifts of educational processes.

The pupils from Rostov-on-Don were interviewed by a questionnaire on medical helminthology. They were found to poor knowledge in this sphere. They do not observe elementary personal hygienic rules. The ways of improving the hygienic education of pupils.

Risk factors for enterobiasis were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by a questionnaire given to 277 health schoolchildren and 277 schoolchildren who suffered from enterobiasis. A prognostic table was developed for primary screening of risk groups. Preventive measures are recommended in the paper.

The results of examination of the hypophyseal-adrenal and sympatheticoadrenal systems in 69 patients with embolism of the main limb arteries are discussed. Marked activation of these systems in this category of patients during ischemia was revealed. A discrepancy was found between the blood adrenalin and cortisol levels in patients in a definite stage of the postischemic period and their hormonal effect on the body. The need to keep a record of disorders of the mechanisms of neurohumoral regulation in correcting the cardiovascular function in patients with acute arterial obstruction is emphasized.

The occlusion of the terminal aortic region was experimentally induced in 48 dogs. It has been shown that myocardial lesions localized predominantly in the papillary muscles and subendocardially appear already 3 hours after the occlusion. The number of the affected cardiomyocytes increases and their size enlarges. The duration of ischemia directly correlates with metabolic disturbances: changes in the function of adenylate cyclase system, ion imbalance, damages in the energy metabolism. Metabolic and morphologic changes are accompanied by disturbances in the cardiac function manifested in the decrease of myocardial contractility.

The authors made a biochemical comparative analysis of the blood taken during early autopsies from the portal and hepatic veins and structural-metabolic state of the liver tissue. It is concluded that this analysis is of great importance for morphofunctional substantiation of hepatic insufficiency.

The level of cyclic nucleotides in biological material undergoes changes due to endoscopic treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers with the help of helium-neon laser radiation which, in addition to dynamics of the clinical picture and gastroduodenoscopic data, makes it possible to diagnose the disease remission and in certain cases to predict the course of peptic ulcer.

The results of 129 experiments have shown that acute occlusion produces during the ischemic period serious shifts in haemodynamics, caused by disorders in the regulatory systems. Changes supervening in the first 6 hours are reversible, further increase in occlusion time leads to marked cardiovascular disorders.

The effect of intraperitoneal noradrenaline injection (2.5 mg/kg body weight) on myocardial levels of cAMP, cHMP, PGE and PGF2 alpha of the left and right ventricles was examined in male Wistar rats. The findings were compared with morphologic changes in the myocardium and sympathetic nerves of both ventricles. Cyclic nucleotides and PGs were measured by RIA, sympathetic nerves, by a fluorescent histochemical technique; myocardial lesions were demonstrated by Lie-staining. A sharp drop was noted in cAMP and PG levels at early stages of the experiment followed by a gradual return to control values. The decrease in cAMP was less marked, and more transient, in the right ventricle. These changes were accompanied with a more pronounced damage to the left ventricle, perhaps due to differences in adrenergic innervation as well as cyclic nucleotides and PG metabolism in the examined compartments of the heart.

A comparative study of the effect of trental and papaverin upon the systemic and peripheral blood circulation was carried out in patients with acute arterial obstruction of the lower extremities due to embolism. The advantage of trental over papaverin is shown convincingly. Injection of papaverin results in the improvement in 38% of cases. Trental improved microcirculation in the diseased extremity in all the examined patients without substantial changes in the regional microhemodynamics and systemic circulation.