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13. Nitrate reductase activities in plants from different ecological and taxonomic groups grown in Japan

Author

60237071, Koyama, Lina A., Terai, Masakazu, Tokuchi, Naoko, 60237071, Koyama, Lina A., Terai, Masakazu, and Tokuchi, Naoko

Abstract

Plants generally use soil inorganic nitrogen, ammonium (NH₄⁺-N), and nitrate (NO₃⁻–N) as sources of nitrogen, an essential nutrient. The assimilation processes after uptake differ considerably from ammonium to nitrate. Nitrate must be reduced to ammonium in plant tissue before it is synthesized to amino acids, while ammonium is directly and immediately synthesized to amino acids after its uptake. Nitrate reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate‐limiting step of nitrate assimilation, reducing nitrate to nitrite. It is a substrate‐inducible enzyme, and the capacity to induce nitrate reductase varies greatly among plant species. In vivo nitrate reductase activity (NRA) is generally measured as a nitrite production rate during incubation using fine cut pieces of plant tissue, and it is applicable as an indicator on plant nitrate use. Here we present in vivo NRA of leaves from a total of 108 species including arboreal trees, small trees, shrubs, herbs, a vine and a moss. For 75 of the species, NRA in fine roots was also determined. At least 20 species in sampled plants were imported and planted for scientific or industrial purposes, but most sampled species were native to Japan. Several inventory studies of plant NRA have been conducted, mainly in Europe, and they provided information on the species‐specific capacity of nitrate use by plants in Europe. However, to our best knowledge, there has been hitherto no published inventory of the NRA of plants in Japan where many endemic species are distributed. Our dataset contains plant NRA with species, family name, life form, leaf lifespan (evergreen or deciduous), growth stage, the season of sample collection, growth conditions (natural or cultivated) and other treatments/conditions when applicable. The data provided by this study may contribute to future works that require information regarding the plant species characteristics for nitrate use capacity or nitrate preference.

Published
2020

17. Soil nitrogen dynamics of temperate conifer forest in central Japan : The case study of Japanese cypress forest at Kamigamo Experimental Forest

Author

Tokuchi, Naoko, Fujimaki, Reiji, Terai, Masakazu, Shiroshita, Yukihiko, and Kuroki, Koji

Subjects
窒素無機化, Mineralization, 温帯針葉樹, 窒素動態, Temperate conifer forest, Forset soil, 細根生産量, Nitrogen dynamics, Fine root production, 森林土壌
Abstract

ヒノキ林における土壌中の窒素動態を定量的に解明する目的で, 京都大学大学院農学部附属演習林上賀茂試験地において, 土壌中の無機態窒素現存量, 実験室培養による純窒素無機化速度, イオン交換樹脂を用いた土壌中での無機態窒素移動量, 現地での窒素無機化速度を測定した.土壌の無機態窒素現存量は年間を通じて20～24 ㎏ N ha^ 50 ㎝^で推移し, 71%以上をアンモニア態窒素が占めた.実験室における培養では, 窒素無機化速度は39～74 ㎏ N ha^ 28 days^, 現地培養による窒素無機化速度は0～13.5 ㎏ N ha^ 28 days^で, どちらも春～夏にかけてやや窒素無機化速度は高まった.土壌深度50㎝からの無機態窒素流亡量は0.2～2.1 ㎏ N ha^ 28 days^であった.これらの結果から, 上賀茂ヒノキ林では可給態無機態窒素は年間を通じて供給されていること, 可給態無機態窒素は約75 ㎏ N ha^ 50 ㎝^ year^生成されることがわかった.また, N budget法により地下部には地上部とほぼ同程度の約33 ㎏ N ha^ 50 ㎝^ year^が投下され, 細根の生産量は1.49～2.67 ton ha 50 ㎝^ year^と推定された., Qualitative analysis of soil N dynamics was done at Kamigamo Experimental Forest of Kyoto University. Soil inorganic N pool size, net soil N mineralization rate, N leaching loss and in-situ net soil N mineralization rate were determined. Soil inorganic N pool size ranged from 20 to 24 kg N ha 50cm, ammonium - N dominated over 71%. Net N mineralization rate was higher during spring to summer, it ranged from 39 to 74 kg N ha 28days. In-situ net N mineralization rate was also high during spring to summer and it fluctuated from 0 to 13.5 kg N ha 28days. Leaching loss from 50 cm soil depth varied from 0.2 to 2.0 kg N ha 28days. From these results, N was mineralized throughout the year and available N in this ecosystem was estimated about 75 kg N ha 50 cm year. Using N budget method, it was suggested that 33 kg N ha 50 cm year is used below ground and fine root production is estimated from 1.49 to 2.67 ton ha 50 cm year.

Published
2002

21. Transgressive segregation of isoflavone contents under the control of four QTLs in a cross between distantly related soybean varieties

Author

Yoshikawa, Takanori, primary, Okumoto, Yutaka, additional, Ogata, Daisuke, additional, Sayama, Takashi, additional, Teraishi, Masayoshi, additional, Terai, Masakazu, additional, Toda, Toshiya, additional, Yamada, Katsushige, additional, Yagasaki, Kazuhiro, additional, Yamada, Naohiro, additional, Tsukiyama, Takuji, additional, Yamada, Toshiaki, additional, and Tanisaka, Takatoshi, additional

Published
2010
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Author

Tokuchi, Naoko, Fujimaki, Reiji, Terai, Masakazu, Shiroshita, Yukihiko, Kuroki, Koji, 60237071, Tokuchi, Naoko, Fujimaki, Reiji, Terai, Masakazu, Shiroshita, Yukihiko, Kuroki, Koji, and 60237071

Abstract

Qualitative analysis of soil N dynamics was done at Kamigamo Experimental Forest of Kyoto University. Soil inorganic N pool size, net soil N mineralization rate, N leaching loss and in-situ net soil N mineralization rate were determined. Soil inorganic N pool size ranged from 20 to 24 kg N ha<-1> 50cm<-1>, ammonium - N dominated over 71%. Net N mineralization rate was higher during spring to summer, it ranged from 39 to 74 kg N ha<-1> 28days<-1>. In-situ net N mineralization rate was also high during spring to summer and it fluctuated from 0 to 13.5 kg N ha<-1> 28days<-1>. Leaching loss from 50 cm soil depth varied from 0.2 to 2.0 kg N ha<-1> 28days<-1>. From these results, N was mineralized throughout the year and available N in this ecosystem was estimated about 75 kg N ha<-1> 50 cm<-1> year<-1>. Using N budget method, it was suggested that 33 kg N ha<-1> 50 cm<-1> year<-1> is used below ground and fine root production is estimated from 1.49 to 2.67 ton ha<-1> 50 cm<-1> year<-1>.

Published
2002

33. Pattern of natural 15N abundance in lakeside forest ecosystem affected by cormorant-derived nitrogen.

Author

Kameda, Kayoko, Koba, Keisuke, Hobara, Satoru, Osono, Takashi, and Terai, Masakazu

Subjects
WATER birds, GREAT cormorant, NITROGEN cycle, STABLE isotopes, FOREST restoration, LAND-water ecotones, PISCIVOROUS birds, COLONIAL birds, FRESH water, FORESTS & forestry
Abstract

Waterbirds are one of the most important groups of organisms inhabiting the land–water interface, especially with regard to mediating the transport of materials from the aquatic to the terrestrial environment. The great cormorant ( Phalacrocorax carbo) is a colonial piscivorous bird that transports nutrients from fresh water to forest. We measured cormorant-derived nitrogen at two nesting colonies on the Isaki Peninsula and Chikubu Island at Lake Biwa, Japan, and analyzed the long-term effects of cormorant colonization on the forest nitrogen cycle, and the mechanisms of nitrogen retention. Three sites were examined in each colony: a currently occupied area, a previously occupied but now abandoned area, and a control area never colonized by cormorants. High nitrogen stable isotope ratios of cormorant excreta, the forest floor, mineral soil, and living plants showed cormorant-derived nitrogen in both occupied and abandoned areas. The relationship between δ15N and N content showed that the high δ15N of the excreta and N turnover in the soil were important at the occupied sites, whereas high δ15N of litter was important at the abandoned sites. Physiological changes of various organisms are also important for the N decomposition process. In conclusion, cormorant-derived nitrogen remains in the forest ecosystem as a result of two cormorant activities: heavy deposition of excreta and collection of nitrogen-rich nest material. Colony stage (occupied, abandoned, or never inhabited) and historical change of N decomposition process of an area can be identified from the relationship between δ15N and N content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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34. Nihon ongaku shi / Tadatatsu Ohno, dir. ; Tamishirô Togi, hichiriki ; Shigeo Ohno, flûte fue... [et al.]

Author

Ōno, Tadatatsu (1865-1944). Direction d'orchestre, Togi, Tamishirô. Instruments à anche (musique ethnique), Ohno, Shigeo. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Tōgi, Masatarō (1910-1993). Cithares (musique ethnique), Ohhara, Shigeakira. Chant, Ōno, Tadatatsu (1865-1944). Direction d'orchestre. Percussions (musique ethnique), Shirai, Tadao. Cithares (musique ethnique), Kojima, Kichitarô. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Konoe, Namomaro. Instruments à anche libre (musique ethnique), Togi, Tamishirô. Membranophones (musique ethnique), Ohhara, Shigeakira. Instruments à anche libre (musique ethnique), Oshida, Yoshihisa (1908-1999). Idiophones par percussion (musique ethnique), Ohhara, Shigeakira. Luths (musique ethnique), Onozuka, Yochô (1875-1947). Chant, Yuasa, Hangstsu. Chant, Ishigaki, Yûei. Chant, Nomura, Mansai (1862-1936). Chant, Yasufuku, Haruo (1907-....). Membranophones (musique ethnique), Terai, Masakazu. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Seo, Kiyoshi. Membranophones (musique ethnique), Komparu, Sôemon. Membranophones (musique ethnique), Kita, Rokuheita (1874-1971). Chant, Tomisaki, Shunshô (1880-1958). Chant. Cithares (musique ethnique), Yamaguchi, Iwao. Chant. Luths (musique ethnique), Fujita, Shinzô. Chant, Kineya, Eiji. Luths (musique ethnique), Ogie, Suzuko (1876-1964). Chant, Ogie, Syôto. Luths (musique ethnique), Kawase, Junsuke. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Fujita, Rêrô. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Miyako, Ichihana. Luths (musique ethnique), Miyako, Iciume. Chant, Yamabiko, Yoneko. Chant, Yamabiko, Hideko. Luths (musique ethnique), Yamabiko, Yaeko. Luths (musique ethnique), Ōno, Tadatatsu (1865-1944). Direction d'orchestre, Togi, Tamishirô. Instruments à anche (musique ethnique), Ohno, Shigeo. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Tōgi, Masatarō (1910-1993). Cithares (musique ethnique), Ohhara, Shigeakira. Chant, Ōno, Tadatatsu (1865-1944). Direction d'orchestre. Percussions (musique ethnique), Shirai, Tadao. Cithares (musique ethnique), Kojima, Kichitarô. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Konoe, Namomaro. Instruments à anche libre (musique ethnique), Togi, Tamishirô. Membranophones (musique ethnique), Ohhara, Shigeakira. Instruments à anche libre (musique ethnique), Oshida, Yoshihisa (1908-1999). Idiophones par percussion (musique ethnique), Ohhara, Shigeakira. Luths (musique ethnique), Onozuka, Yochô (1875-1947). Chant, Yuasa, Hangstsu. Chant, Ishigaki, Yûei. Chant, Nomura, Mansai (1862-1936). Chant, Yasufuku, Haruo (1907-....). Membranophones (musique ethnique), Terai, Masakazu. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Seo, Kiyoshi. Membranophones (musique ethnique), Komparu, Sôemon. Membranophones (musique ethnique), Kita, Rokuheita (1874-1971). Chant, Tomisaki, Shunshô (1880-1958). Chant. Cithares (musique ethnique), Yamaguchi, Iwao. Chant. Luths (musique ethnique), Fujita, Shinzô. Chant, Kineya, Eiji. Luths (musique ethnique), Ogie, Suzuko (1876-1964). Chant, Ogie, Syôto. Luths (musique ethnique), Kawase, Junsuke. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Fujita, Rêrô. Flûtes (musique ethnique), Miyako, Ichihana. Luths (musique ethnique), Miyako, Iciume. Chant, Yamabiko, Yoneko. Chant, Yamabiko, Hideko. Luths (musique ethnique), and Yamabiko, Yaeko. Luths (musique ethnique)

Abstract

[Traditions. Asie. Japon], Collection : Hôgaku kessaku shû, dai yonjûkyû shû ; 49, Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : FranceJp0

Published
1934

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