2,004 results on '"Tempesta P"'
Search Results
2. Hamiltonian integrable systems in a magnetic field and Symplectic-Haantjes geometry
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Kubů, Ondřej, Reyes, Daniel, Tempesta, Piergiulio, and Tondo, Giorgio
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Mathematical Physics ,Mathematics - Differential Geometry ,Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems - Abstract
We investigate the geometry of classical Hamiltonian systems immersed in a magnetic field in three-dimensional Riemannian configuration spaces. We prove that these systems admit non-trivial symplectic-Haantjes manifolds, which are symplectic manifolds endowed with an algebra of Haantjes (1,1)-tensors. These geometric structures allow us to determine separation variables for known systems algorithmically; besides, the underlying St\"ackel geometry is used to construct new families of integrable Hamiltonian models immersed in a magnetic field., Comment: 25 pages, no figures. Includes minor revisions enhancing clarity suggested by referees for Proceedings of Royal Society A and some additional comments
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- 2024
3. Permutation group entropy: a new route to complexity for real-valued processes
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Amigó, José M., Dale, Roberto, and Tempesta, Piergiulio
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Mathematical Physics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Chaotic Dynamics ,94A15 - Abstract
This is a review of group entropy and its application to permutation complexity. Specifically we revisit a new approach to the notion of complexity in time serie analysis, based on both permutation entropy and group entropy. As a result, the permutation entropy rate can be extended from deterministic dynamics to random processes. More generally, our approach provides a unified framework to discuss chaotic and random behaviours., Comment: 24 pages; 4 figures
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- 2024
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4. Partial separability and symplectic-Haantjes manifolds
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Reyes, Daniel, Tempesta, Piergiulio, and Tondo, Giorgio
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- 2024
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5. Sobolev orthogonal polynomials, Gauss–Borel factorization and perturbations
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Ariznabarreta, Gerardo, Mañas, Manuel, and Tempesta, Piergiulio
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- 2024
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6. Interfacial dynamics mediate surface binding events on supramolecular nanostructures
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Ty Christoff-Tempesta, Yukio Cho, Samuel J. Kaser, Linnaea D. Uliassi, Xiaobing Zuo, Shayna L. Hilburg, Lilo D. Pozzo, and Julia H. Ortony
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Science - Abstract
Abstract The dynamic behavior of biological materials is central to their functionality, suggesting that interfacial dynamics could also mediate the activity of chemical events at the surfaces of synthetic materials. Here, we investigate the influence of surface flexibility and hydration on heavy metal remediation by nanostructures self-assembled from small molecules that are decorated with surface-bound chelators in water. We find that incorporating short oligo(ethylene glycol) spacers between the surface and interior domain of self-assembled nanostructures can drastically increase the conformational mobility of surface-bound lead-chelating moieties and promote interaction with surrounding water. In turn, we find the binding affinities of chelators tethered to the most flexible surfaces are more than ten times greater than the least flexible surfaces. Accordingly, nanostructures composed of amphiphiles that give rise to the most dynamic surfaces are capable of remediating thousands of liters of 50 ppb Pb2+-contaminated water with single grams of material. These findings establish interfacial dynamics as a critical design parameter for functional self-assembled nanostructures.
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- 2024
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7. The First AGILE Solar Flare Catalog
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Ursi, Alessandro, Parmiggiani, Nicolò, Messerotti, Mauro, Pellizzoni, Alberto, Pittori, Carlotta, Longo, Francesco, Verrecchia, Francesco, Argan, Andrea, Bulgarelli, Andrea, Tavani, Marco, Tempesta, Patrizio, and D'Amico, Fabio
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Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics - Abstract
We report the Astrorivelatore Gamma ad Immagini LEggero (AGILE) observations of solar flares, detected by the on board anticoincidence system in the 80-200 keV energy range, from 2007 May 1st to 2022 August 31st. In more than 15 yr, AGILE detected 5003 X-ray, minute-lasting transients, compatible with a solar origin. A cross-correlation of these transients with the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) official solar flare database allowed to associate an intensity class (i.e., B, C, M, or X) to 3572 of them, for which we investigated the main temporal and intensity parameters. The AGILE data clearly revealed the solar activity covering the last stages of the 23rd cycle, the whole 24th cycle, and the beginning of the current 25th cycle. In order to compare our results with other space missions operating in the high-energy range, we also analyzed the public lists of solar flares reported by RHESSI and Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor. This catalog reports 1424 events not contained in the GOES official dataset, which, after statistical comparisons, are compatible with low-intensity, short-duration solar flares. Besides providing a further dataset of solar flares detected in the hard X-ray range, this study allowed to point out two main features: a longer persistence of the decay phase in the high-energy regime, with respect to the soft X-rays, and a tendency of the flare maximum to be reached earlier in the soft X-rays with respect to the hard X-rays. Both these aspects support a two-phase acceleration mechanism of electrons in the solar atmosphere., Comment: 22 pages, 10 figures
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- 2023
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8. Partial separability and symplectic-Haantjes manifolds
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Reyes, Daniel, Tempesta, Piergiulio, and Tondo, Giorgio
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Mathematical Physics ,Mathematics - Symplectic Geometry ,37J35, 53A45, 70H20 - Abstract
A theory of partial separability for classical Hamiltonian systems is proposed in the context of Haantjes geometry. As a general result, we show that the knowledge of a non-semisimple symplectic-Haantjes manifold for a given Hamiltonian system is sufficient to construct sets of coordinates (called Darboux-Haantjes coordinates) which allow both the partial separability of the associated Hamilton-Jacobi equations and the block-diagonalization of the operators of the corresponding Haantjes algebra. We also introduce a novel class of Hamiltonian systems, characterized by the existence of a generalized St\"ackel matrix, which by construction are partially separable. They widely generalize the known families of partially separable Hamiltonian systems. Our systems can be described in terms of semisimple but non-maximal-rank symplectic-Haantjes manifolds., Comment: 31 pages
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- 2023
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9. Interfacial dynamics mediate surface binding events on supramolecular nanostructures
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Christoff-Tempesta, Ty, Cho, Yukio, Kaser, Samuel J., Uliassi, Linnaea D., Zuo, Xiaobing, Hilburg, Shayna L., Pozzo, Lilo D., and Ortony, Julia H.
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- 2024
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10. A naturally occurring Al-Cu-Fe-Si quasicrystal in a micrometeorite from southern Italy
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Agrosì, Giovanna, Manzari, Paola, Mele, Daniela, Tempesta, Gioacchino, Rizzo, Floriana, Catelani, Tiziano, and Bindi, Luca
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- 2024
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11. On higher-dimensional superintegrable systems: A new family of classical and quantum Hamiltonian models
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Rodriguez, Miguel A. and Tempesta, Piergiulio
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Mathematical Physics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems ,70H06 - Abstract
We introduce a family of $n$-dimensional Hamiltonian systems which, contain, as special reductions, several superintegrable systems as the Tremblay-Turbiner-Winternitz system, a generalized Kepler potential and the anisotropic harmonic oscillator with Rosochatius terms. We conjecture that there exist special values in the space of parameters, apart from those leading to known cases, for which this new Hamiltonian family is superintegrable., Comment: 9 pages, no figures
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- 2022
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12. Sleep quality and emotional reactivity in patients with borderline personality disorder
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Valentina Socci, Fabiana Festucci, Tommaso Barlattani, Federico Salfi, Giulia D'Aurizio, Rodolfo Rossi, Michele Ferrara, Alessandro Rossi, Francesca Pacitti, and Daniela Tempesta
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borderline personality disorder ,sleep disturbances ,sleep quality ,emotion regulation ,emotional reactivity ,Medicine - Abstract
Background/objectiveEmotional dysregulation is bidirectionally associated with sleep disturbances, with potentially critical implications for emotional reactivity, in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). This study evaluated subjective and objective sleep quality, emotional regulation, and emotional reactivity in 20 patients with BPD compared to 20 non-clinical individuals.MethodsSubjective and objective sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and a 3-day actigraphic measurement. Emotional regulation was evaluated using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and the Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire. Furthermore, each participant underwent an emotional reactivity task selected from the International Affective Picture System.ResultsCompared to control subjects, individuals with BPD reported poor subjective sleep quality and objective sleep continuity disturbances, with more sleep fragmentation and decreased sleep efficiency. Moreover, BPD patients showed emotional dysregulation and altered subjective reactivity to emotional stimuli, particularly positively valenced stimuli.ConclusionThese results suggest the importance of further clarifying the specific direction of sleep-dependent emotional modulation in individuals with BPD, with significant clinical implications for patients with co-occurring sleep disturbances.
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- 2024
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13. Polarization of generalized Nijenhuis torsions
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Tempesta, Piergiulio and Tondo, Giorgio
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Mathematical Physics ,High Energy Physics - Theory ,Mathematics - Differential Geometry ,Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems ,53A45, 58C40, 58A30 - Abstract
In this work, we introduce the notion of polarization of generalized Nijenhuis torsions and establish several algebraic identities. We prove that these polarizations are relevant in the characterization of Haantjes $C^{\infty}$(M)-modules of operator fields., Comment: 13 pages, no figures
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- 2022
14. A naturally occurring Al-Cu-Fe-Si quasicrystal in a micrometeorite from southern Italy
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Giovanna Agrosì, Paola Manzari, Daniela Mele, Gioacchino Tempesta, Floriana Rizzo, Tiziano Catelani, and Luca Bindi
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Geology ,QE1-996.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Abstract Quasicrystals, solids with rotational symmetries forbidden for crystals, are usually synthesized in the laboratory by mixing specific ratios of selected elemental components in the liquid and quenching under strictly controlled protocols. Nevertheless, the discovery of Al-Cu-Fe natural quasicrystals in the Khatyrka meteorite showed that these exotic phases could also form in high-velocity impact-induced shock events introducing an endeavour to search them in cosmic material. Here we report the discovery of an extraterrestrial icosahedral quasicrystal with an unusual composition Al51.7(6)Cu30.8(9)Fe10.3(4)Si7.2(9), ideally Al52Cu31Fe10Si7, found in a scoriaceous micrometeorite, named FB-A1, recovered at the top of Mt. Gariglione (Italy). The chemistry of the icosahedral phase was characterized by electron microprobe, and the rotational symmetry was confirmed by means of electron backscatter diffraction. The FB-A1 micrometeorite represents the third independent discovery of naturally occurring intermetallic Al-Cu-Fe-(Si) alloys in extraterrestrial bodies and the second case of extraterrestrial material containing a natural quasicrystal, after Khatyrka meteorite.
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- 2024
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15. AGILE Observations of GRB 220101A: A 'New Year's Burst' with an Exceptionally Huge Energy Release
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Ursi, Alessandro, Romani, Marco, Piano, Giovanni, Verrecchia, Francesco, Longo, Francesco, Pittori, Carlotta, Tavani, Marco, Bulgarelli, Andrea, Cardillo, Martina, Casentini, Claudio, Cattaneo, Paolo Walter, Costa, Enrico, Feroci, Marco, Fioretti, Valentina, Foffano, Luca, Lucarelli, Fabrizio, Marisaldi, Martino, Morselli, Aldo, Pacciani, Luigi, Parmiggiani, Nicolò, Tempesta, Patrizio, Trois, Alessio, and Vercellone, Stefano
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We report the AGILE observations of GRB 220101A, which took place at the beginning of 1st January 2022 and was recognized as one of the most energetic gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) ever detected since their discovery. The AGILE satellite acquired interesting data concerning the prompt phase of this burst, providing an overall temporal and spectral description of the event in a wide energy range, from tens of keV to tens of MeV. Dividing the prompt emission into three main intervals, we notice an interesting spectral evolution, featuring a notable hardening of the spectrum in the central part of the burst. The average fluxes encountered in the different time intervals are relatively moderate, with respect to those of other remarkable bursts, and the overall fluence exhibits a quite ordinary value among the GRBs detected by MCAL. However, GRB 220101A is the second farthest event detected by AGILE, and the burst with the highest isotropic equivalent energy of the whole MCAL GRB sample, releasing E_iso=2.54x10^54 erg and exhibiting an isotropic luminosity of L_iso=2.34x10^52 erg/s (both in the 400 keV - 10 MeV energy range). We also analyzed the first 10^6 s of the afterglow phase, using the publicly available Swift XRT data, carrying out a theoretical analysis of the afterglow, based on the forward shock model. We notice that GRB 220101A is with high probability surrounded with a wind-like density medium, and that the energy carried by the initial shock shall be a fraction of the total E_iso, presumably near 50%., Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
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- 2022
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16. Generalized Nijenhuis Torsions and block-diagonalization of operator fields
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Nozaleda, Daniel Reyes, Tempesta, Piergiulio, and Tondo, Giorgio
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Mathematical Physics ,High Energy Physics - Theory ,Mathematics - Differential Geometry ,53A45, 58C40, 58A30 - Abstract
The theory of generalized Nijenhuis torsions, which extends the classical notions due to Nijenhuis and Haantjes, offers new tools for the study of normal forms of operator fields. We propose a general result ensuring that, given a family of commuting operator fields whose generalized Nijenhuis torsion of level $l$ vanishes, there exists a local chart where all operators can be simultaneously block-diagonalized. We also introduce the notion of generalized Haantjes algebra, consisting of operators with a vanishing higher-level torsion, as a new algebraic structure naturally generalizing standard Haantjes algebras., Comment: 20 pages, no figures
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- 2022
17. The role of tourists’ and residents emotions on resilient landscape restoration after extreme events
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Tiziano Tempesta, Carolina B․ Pellizzari, and Daniel Vecchiato
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Landscape ,VAIA ,Alps ,Perception ,Emotions ,Preferences ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 ,Plant ecology ,QK900-989 - Abstract
Forest areas and mountainous territories provide crucial ecosystem services, among which cultural-recreational services are of particular relevance in the Alps. In 2018, the mountain area of Northeast Italy was struck by the VAIA windstorm, resulting in extensive damage to trail networks and substantial landscape transformations in valleys. Restoring the storm-affected area while considering forest resilience and public preferences became a critical need. This research is aimed at assessing the landscape scenic preferences of visitors and residents of the area impacted by the storm with reference to alternative intervention strategies for restoring the VAIA-affected forests. The psychophysical approach was applied to understand residents preferences and a survey was conducted in May 2022, involving 713 residents in the Veneto region. Respondents were requested to evaluate the scenic quality of 8 landscape typologies characterized by panoramic and non-panoramic views, forests with and without fallen trees, and meadows cultivated or abandoned. They were also required to associate eight proposed categories of emotions with the landscapes, providing scores accordingly. To analyze the factors affecting landscape scenic quality we estimated two regression models. The first model highlighted that the scenic quality of the landscape is positively correlated with panoramic views, cultivated meadows, and forests, while abandoned areas or trees felled by VAIA have negative correlations. The second model demonstrated the existence of a strong relationship between landscape quality and the emotions evoked, with certain emotions significantly impacting scenic quality perception. The second model explains a higher proportion of the scenic quality scores than the first one (R2 = 0.788 vs R2 = 0.527) meaning that emotions are a better predictor of scenic quality than the physical characteristics of the territory. Our results suggest that, in order to improve the recreational services of the mountain territories, for restoring the VAIA-affected forests it will be necessary to remove the felled trees and at the same time increase the presence of panoramic views by substituting in some areas the forests with cultivated meadows.
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- 2024
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18. Exploring farmland price determinants in Northern Italy using a spatial regression analysis
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Laura Giuffrida, Maria De Salvo, Andrea Manarin, Damiano Vettoretto, and Tiziano Tempesta
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rural real estate market analysis ,farmland value ,spatial lag of X (SLX) model ,Treviso (Italy) ,Industries. Land use. Labor ,HD28-9999 - Abstract
Using spatial regression models, we detect determinants of farmland’s prices in a rural area located in the upper Treviso plain (Veneto region, Italy). Econometric analysis is based on a Spatial linear regression model able to account for spatial lags in the data. Estimates show which intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics have the greatest influence on price, and how buyers and sellers’ profiles also matter on the price determination. Our application fosters spatial regression models in rural real estate market analysis and appraisal, and highlights that in the area under study the farmland’s prices are significantly affected by factors that are rarely considered in the literature, such as sellers and buyers’ profiles, the land use in the context where the sold plot is located matters, the hydraulic risk of the area and the presence of large infrastructures.
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- 2024
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19. The language of blame: Exploring the effects of non-native accents on post-accident blame attributions
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Felipe A. Guzman and Antonella Tempesta Fernández
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Non-native accents ,Language fluency ,Blame attributions ,Supervisor safety communication ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
This peer commentary investigates how individuals assign blame to non-native supervisors after an accident where an employee suffers a workplace accident in a multilingual organization. Extending research presented in the focal article by Obenauer and Kalsher's (2023), the authors propose that supervisors with non-native accents are likely to be blamed after an accident they tried to prevent due to stereotypes and increased cognitive effort in processing accented speech. The authors discuss scenarios where, even when supervisors effectively conduct a verbal safety briefing warning employees about possible dangers, they are not excepted from blame. Additionally, the authors suggest that biases against non-native supervisors may extend to native speakers with strong regional or foreign sounding accents. Moving forward, this commentary encourages more nuanced theorizing around non-native accents and more research differentiating between various Latin/Hispanic accents.
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- 2024
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20. WebSpec: Towards Machine-Checked Analysis of Browser Security Mechanisms
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Veronese, Lorenzo, Farinier, Benjamin, Bernardo, Pedro, Tempesta, Mauro, Squarcina, Marco, and Maffei, Matteo
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Computer Science - Cryptography and Security - Abstract
The complexity of browsers has steadily increased over the years, driven by the continuous introduction and update of Web platform components, such as novel Web APIs and security mechanisms. Their specifications are manually reviewed by experts to identify potential security issues. However, this process has proved to be error-prone due to the extensiveness of modern browser specifications and the interplay between new and existing Web platform components. To tackle this problem, we developed WebSpec, the first formal security framework for the analysis of browser security mechanisms, which enables both the automatic discovery of logical flaws and the development of machine-checked security proofs. WebSpec, in particular, includes a comprehensive semantic model of the browser in the Coq proof assistant, a formalization in this model of ten Web security invariants, and a toolchain turning the Coq model and the Web invariants into SMT-lib formulas to enable model checking with the Z3 theorem prover. If a violation is found, the toolchain automatically generates executable tests corresponding to the discovered attack trace, which is validated across major browsers. We showcase the effectiveness of WebSpec by discovering two new logical flaws caused by the interaction of different browser mechanisms and by identifying three previously discovered logical flaws in the current Web platform, as well as five in old versions. Finally, we show how WebSpec can aid the verification of our proposed changes to amend the reported inconsistencies affecting the current Web platform., Comment: Submitted to IEEE S&P '23 on 19 Aug 2022
- Published
- 2022
21. The role of insomnia in the vulnerability to depressive and anxiety symptoms in atopic dermatitis adult patients
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Salfi, Federico, Amicucci, Giulia, Ferrara, Michele, Tempesta, Daniela, De Berardinis, Andrea, Chiricozzi, Andrea, Peris, Ketty, Fargnoli, Maria Concetta, and Esposito, Maria
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- 2023
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22. Assessing Resilience to Sleep Loss Among the Italian Population: A 13-Item Model of the Iowa Resistance to Sleeplessness Test (iREST)
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Viselli L, Festucci F, Pino MC, D'Atri A, Salfi F, Amicucci G, Corigliano D, Naccarato F, Ferrara M, and Tempesta D
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sleeplessness ,resilience ,sleep loss ,vulnerability ,individual differences ,italian validation ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 ,Neurophysiology and neuropsychology ,QP351-495 - Abstract
Lorenzo Viselli,1,* Fabiana Festucci,1,* Maria Chiara Pino,1 Aurora D’Atri,1 Federico Salfi,1 Giulia Amicucci,1,2 Domenico Corigliano,1,2 Federica Naccarato,1 Michele Ferrara,1 Daniela Tempesta1 1Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy; 2Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Michele Ferrara, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy, Email michele.ferrara@univaq.itPurpose: The present study aimed to validate the Italian version of the Iowa Resistance to Sleeplessness Test (iREST), a 16-item self-report assessing resilience to sleep debt in the affective, cognitive, and somatic domains.Participants and Methods: We examined its factor structure, assessed internal consistency and criterion validity, and established test-retest reliability on 768 Italian native speakers (65.8% of women) with a mean age of 25.98 years old.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed a new 13-item structure for the Italian iREST (iREST-13), demonstrating more satisfactory goodness-of-fit values, and exhibiting good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ranging from 0.73 to 0.89), relative to the 16-item original version. Results supported the iREST convergent validity, showing significant independence from established measures of sleep; low correlations with conceptually unrelated measures supported divergent validity, indicating that the iREST effectively measures resistance to sleeplessness without confounding with other constructs. Lastly, test-retest reliability was evaluated by administering the iREST to the same sample with a 2-week interval: the significant correlations supported its temporal stability.Conclusion: Further studies are needed to evaluate the applicability of the iREST in diverse populations and explore its relationship with objective sleep measures. Nevertheless, the Italian iREST provides a valuable tool for assessing resistance to sleep loss, offering insights into individual differences in resilience. Additionally, the iREST can assist in identifying individuals who require interventions to enhance resilience to sleep debt, as well as help clinicians evaluate the impact of chronic sleep disruption and deliver targeted interventions.Keywords: sleeplessness, resilience, sleep loss, vulnerability, individual differences, Italian validation
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- 2023
23. A Simple and Versatile Method for Ex Vivo Monitoring of Goat Vaginal Mucosa Transduction by Viral Vector Vaccines
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Sergio Minesso, Amienwanlen Eugene Odigie, Valentina Franceschi, Camilla Cotti, Sandro Cavirani, Maria Tempesta, and Gaetano Donofrio
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viral vectors ,bioluminescent imaging ,vaginal mucosa vaccines ,genital diseases ,goat ,animal model ,Medicine - Abstract
Goat may represent a valid large animal model for human pathogens and new vaccines testing. Appropriate vaccine administration is a critical component of a successful immunization program. The wrong route of administration may reduce the efficacy of the vaccine, whereas the proper administration strategy can enhance it. Viral vectors have been employed successfully for goat and sheep immunization; however, no data concerning the vaginal route are available. A viral vector’s ability to transduce the site of inoculation is of primary interest. In this study, a fast and reliable ex vivo assay for testing the transduction capability of an Ad5-based vector when intravaginally administered was developed. An Ad5 vector delivering an expression cassette with a bicistronic reporter gene, Ad5-CMV-turboGFP-IRES-Luc2, was constructed. We demonstrated Ad5-CMV-turboGFP-IRES-Luc2’s ability to transduce caprine vaginal mucosa by ex vivo bioluminescent imaging (BLI) employing a simple CCD camera apparatus for chemiluminescence western immunoblotting. These data, though simple, provide valuable insights into developing a vaginal immunization strategy using a viral vector-based vaccine to protect against pathogens causing genital diseases.
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- 2024
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24. Thermal treatment of the tourmaline Fe-rich princivalleite Na(Mn2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3O
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Altieri, Alessandra, Luppi, Riccardo, Skogby, Henrik, Hålenius, Ulf, Tempesta, Gioacchino, Pezzotta, Federico, and Bosi, Ferdinando
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- 2023
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25. A new discretization of the Euler equation via the finite operator theory
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Miguel A. Rodríguez and Piergiulio Tempesta
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discretization ,umbral calculus ,[math]mathematics [math] ,[phys]physics [physics] ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
We propose a novel discretization procedure for the classical Euler equation, based on the theory of Galois differential algebras and the finite operator calculus developed by G.C. Rota and collaborators. This procedure allows us to define algorithmically a new discrete model which inherits from the continuous Euler equation a class of exact solutions.
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- 2024
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26. Complexity-based permutation entropies: from deterministic time series to white noise
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Amigó, J. M., Dale, R., and Tempesta, P.
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Computer Science - Information Theory ,Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability - Abstract
This is a paper in the intersection of time series analysis and complexity theory that presents new results on permutation complexity in general and permutation entropy in particular. In this context, permutation complexity refers to the characterization of time series by means of ordinal patterns (permutations), entropic measures, decay rates of missing ordinal patterns, and more. Since the inception of this \textquotedblleft ordinal\textquotedblright\ methodology, its practical application to any type of scalar time series and real-valued processes have proven to be simple and useful. However, the theoretical aspects have remained limited to noiseless deterministic series and dynamical systems, the main obstacle being the super-exponential growth of visible permutations with length when randomness (also in form of observational noise) is present in the data. To overcome this difficulty, we take a new approach through complexity classes, which are precisely defined by the growth of visible permutations with length, regardless of the deterministic or noisy nature of the data. We consider three major classes: exponential, sub-factorial and factorial. The next step is to adapt the concept of Z-entropy to each of those classes, which we call permutation entropy because it coincides with the conventional permutation entropy on the exponential class. Z-entropies are a family of group entropies, each of them extensive on a given complexity class. The result is a unified approach to the ordinal analysis of deterministic and random processes, from dynamical systems to white noise, with new concepts and tools. Numerical simulations show that permutation entropy discriminates time series from all complexity classes., Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures
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- 2021
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27. Humoral Immune Response in Immunized Sheep with Bovine Coronavirus Glycoproteins Delivered via an Adenoviral Vector
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Annamaria Pratelli, Paolo Capozza, Sergio Minesso, Maria Stella Lucente, Francesco Pellegrini, Maria Tempesta, Valentina Franceschi, Canio Buonavoglia, and Gaetano Donofrio
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bovine coronavirus ,vaccine ,immune response ,Medicine - Abstract
Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is distributed globally and mainly causes different clinical manifestations: enteric diarrhea in calves, winter dysentery in adults, and respiratory symptoms in cattle of all ages. Low mortality and high morbidity are the hallmarks of BCoV infection, usually associated with substantial economic losses for the livestock industry. Vaccination, combined with the implementation of biosecurity measures, is the key strategy for the prevention of infections. This pilot study evaluates the immunogenicity of a recombinant vaccine containing two BCoV antigens (S and M) in sheep, compared to vaccines containing only the M or S protein. Three groups of sheep were inoculated intramuscularly at day 0 and day 21 with recombinant adenoviruses expressing BCoV S protein (AdV-BCoV-S), BCoV M protein (AdV-BCoV-M), or both proteins (AdV-BCoV-S + M). Serum antibodies were evaluated using immunofluorescence (IF) and serum neutralization (SN) tests. Moderate seroconversion was observed by day 21, but serum antibodies detected via SN increased from 1:27.5 (day 21) to 1:90 (day 28) in sheep inoculated with the recombinant AdV expressing both the S- and M-BCoV proteins. Based on the SN results, a repeated-measures ANOVA test indicated a more significant difference in immune response between the three groups (F = 20.47; p < 0.001). The experimental investigation produced satisfactory results, highlighting that the S + M recombinant vaccine was immunogenic, stimulating a valid immune response. Despite some inherent limitations, including a small sample size and the absence of challenge tests, the study demonstrated the efficacy of the immune response induced via the recombinant vaccine containing both S and M proteins compared to that induced via the individual proteins S or M.
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- 2024
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28. Classical Multiseparable Hamiltonian Systems, Superintegrability and Haantjes Geometry
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Nozaleda, Daniel Reyes, Tempesta, Piergiulio, and Tondo, Giorgio
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Mathematical Physics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems - Abstract
We show that the theory of classical Hamiltonian systems admitting separating variables can be formulated in the context of ($\omega, \mathscr{H}$) structures. They are symplectic manifolds endowed with a compatible Haantjes algebra $\mathscr{H}$, namely an algebra of (1,1)-tensor fields with vanishing Haantjes torsion. A special class of coordinates, called Darboux-Haantjes coordinates, will be constructed from the Haantjes algebras associated with a separable system. These coordinates enable the additive separation of variables of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We shall prove that a multiseparable system admits as many $\omega\mathscr{H}$ structures as separation coordinate systems. In particular, we will show that a large class of multiseparable, superintegrable systems, including the Smorodinsky-Winternitz systems and some physically relevant systems with three degrees of freedom, possesses multiple Haantjes structures., Comment: 37 pages, no figures
- Published
- 2020
29. Can I Take Your Subdomain? Exploring Related-Domain Attacks in the Modern Web
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Squarcina, Marco, Tempesta, Mauro, Veronese, Lorenzo, Calzavara, Stefano, and Maffei, Matteo
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Computer Science - Cryptography and Security - Abstract
Related-domain attackers control a sibling domain of their target web application, e.g., as the result of a subdomain takeover. Despite their additional power over traditional web attackers, related-domain attackers received only limited attention by the research community. In this paper we define and quantify for the first time the threats that related-domain attackers pose to web application security. In particular, we first clarify the capabilities that related-domain attackers can acquire through different attack vectors, showing that different instances of the related-domain attacker concept are worth attention. We then study how these capabilities can be abused to compromise web application security by focusing on different angles, including: cookies, CSP, CORS, postMessage and domain relaxation. By building on this framework, we report on a large-scale security measurement on the top 50k domains from the Tranco list that led to the discovery of vulnerabilities in 887 sites, where we quantified the threats posed by related-domain attackers to popular web applications., Comment: Submitted to USENIX Security '21 on 16 Oct 2020
- Published
- 2020
30. On Devotional Artworks: A Non-Invasive Characterization of Pigments of the Madonna della Croce Wall Painting in Triggiano (Bari, Southern Italy)
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Giovanna Fioretti, Cinzia Campobasso, Giacomo Eramo, Alessandro Monno, and Gioacchino Tempesta
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painting ,devotional artworks ,conservation ,pigments ,FORS ,XRF ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
Devotional artworks represent a valuable form of art, as they are evidence of religious worship and the demo-ethno-anthropological, as well as historical-artistic, heritage of a community, which is why they definitely belong to the cultural identity of a geographic area. The Madonna della Croce wall painting is an example of devotional art preserved today in the homonymous church in Triggiano (Bari, Italy). The presented study concerns the characterization of pigments used in the painting. The identification of pictorial materials had the aim of providing a contribution to knowledge about the painting, the history of restorations, and other historical events, and to increase the information about the Apulian painting to better reconstruct the social, cultural, and economic contexts of the region. Through a non-invasive and fast methodological approach, including portable digital microscopy, colorimetry, fibre optic reflectance spectroscopy (FORS), and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF); 42 points considered on coloured areas were analysed in situ, and results on pigment identification were achieved. According to the local wall painting tradition, red and yellow ochres, green earth, vine black, massicot, and lead-tin yellow were found. Furthermore, both indigo-woad dye and a mixture of vine black and yellow ochre to obtain a blueish colour on the Virgin’s mantle were highlighted.
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- 2023
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31. A generalized permutation entropy for random processes
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Amigó, José M., Dale, Roberto, and Tempesta, Piergiulio
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Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability ,37M10, 60G20, 34F05, 94A17 - Abstract
Permutation entropy measures the complexity of deterministic time series via a data symbolic quantization consisting of rank vectors called ordinal patterns or just permutations. The reasons for the increasing popularity of this entropy in time series analysis include that (i) it converges to the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy of the underlying dynamics in the limit of ever longer permutations, and (ii) its computation dispenses with generating and ad hoc partitions. However, permutation entropy diverges when the number of allowed permutations grows super-exponentially with their length, as is usually the case when time series are output by random processes. In this Letter we propose a generalized permutation entropy that is finite for random processes, including discrete-time dynamical systems with observational or dynamical noise., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures
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- 2020
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32. Language-Based Web Session Integrity
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Calzavara, Stefano, Focardi, Riccardo, Grimm, Niklas, Maffei, Matteo, and Tempesta, Mauro
- Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security - Abstract
Session management is a fundamental component of web applications: despite the apparent simplicity, correctly implementing web sessions is extremely tricky, as witnessed by the large number of existing attacks. This motivated the design of formal methods to rigorously reason about web session security which, however, are not supported at present by suitable automated verification techniques. In this paper we introduce the first security type system that enforces session security on a core model of web applications, focusing in particular on server-side code. We showcase the expressiveness of our type system by analyzing the session management logic of HotCRP, Moodle, and phpMyAdmin, unveiling novel security flaws that have been acknowledged by software developers.
- Published
- 2020
33. Multivariate Group Entropies, Super-exponentially Growing Complex Systems and Functional Equations
- Author
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Tempesta, Piergiulio
- Subjects
Mathematical Physics ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics - Abstract
We define the class of multivariate group entropies as a novel set of information - theoretical measures, which extends significantly the family of group entropies. We propose new examples related to the "super-exponential" universality class of complex systems; in particular, we introduce a general entropy, representing a suitable information measure for this class. We also show that the group-theoretical structure associated with our multivariate entropies can be used to define a large family of exactly solvable discrete dynamical models. The natural mathematical framework allowing us to formulate this correspondence is offered by the theory of formal groups and rings., Comment: 16 pages
- Published
- 2019
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34. Ventres livres? Pensando sobre cesariana, violência obstétrica e histerectomia no horizonte da justiça reprodutiva
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Giovana Acácia Tempesta, Clarissa Lemos Cavalcanti, and Ruhana Luciano de França
- Subjects
justiça reprodutiva ,violência obstétrica ,cesariana ,histerectomia ,educação perinatal crítica. ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
O diálogo entre ciências sociais e ciências da saúde vem produzindo reflexões interessantes a respeito das experiências reprodutivas em diferentes contextos sociais. Várias pesquisadoras demonstraram que essas experiências são influenciadas por matrizes de opressão historicamente constituídas e têm conexão direta com as taxas nacionais de morbidade e mortalidade materna e infantil, as quais evidenciam a perpetuação de hierarquias reprodutivas racializadas, resultantes do processo colonial. Neste artigo, propomo-nos a realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre aportes das ciências sociais e dos estudos interseccionais e decoloniais que podem contribuir para aprofundar o debate crítico sobre a apropriação biomédica do ciclo reprodutivo das mulheres, focalizando as duas cirurgias ginecológicas mais realizadas no Brasil, a saber, a cesariana e a histerectomia (remoção do útero), bem como a problemática da violência obstétrica. A presente reflexão se desenrola no horizonte político-epistemológico da justiça reprodutiva, fundamenta-se no conceito de racismo estrutural e aposta na educação perinatal crítica como via estratégica para a superação das iniquidades no campo da reprodução.
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- 2023
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35. A Non-Invasive and Sustainable Characterization of Pigments in Wall Paintings: A Library of Apulian Colors
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Giovanna Fioretti, Marina Clausi, Giacomo Eramo, Elisabetta Longo, Alessandro Monno, Daniela Pinto, and Gioacchino Tempesta
- Subjects
portable microscope ,FORS ,colorimetry ,pigments ,wall paintings ,database ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 - Abstract
This paper proposed a multianalytical, non-invasive, accessible and expensive (compared to traditional ones) approach for the characterization of pictorial surfaces. A set of 18 pigments and 37 mixtures widely used in the Middle Ages in the Apulia (Italy) artistic and archaeological contexts was considered, and corresponding replicas were produced. Pigments were first characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), then replicas were studied by optical microscopy using a portable instrument, colorimetry and fiber optic reflectance spectroscopy (FORS). The investigation provided encouraging results, which allowed the creation of a library including diagnostic microscopic, colorimetric and reflectance markers of each pigment and the identification of the mixtures’ components.
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- 2023
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36. Group Structure as a Foundation for Entropies
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Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen and Piergiulio Tempesta
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entropy ,composability ,extensivity ,information theory ,power laws ,group theory ,Science ,Astrophysics ,QB460-466 ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Entropy can signify different things. For instance, heat transfer in thermodynamics or a measure of information in data analysis. Many entropies have been introduced, and it can be difficult to ascertain their respective importance and merits. Here, we consider entropy in an abstract sense, as a functional on a probability space, and we review how being able to handle the trivial case of non-interacting systems, together with the subtle requirement of extensivity, allows for a systematic classification of the functional form.
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- 2024
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37. West Nile Virus Infection in Occupational Settings—A Systematic Review
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Amienwanlen E. Odigie, Angela Stufano, Valentina Schino, Aya Attia Koraney Zarea, Linda A. Ndiana, Daniela Mrenoshki, Iniobong C. I. Ugochukwu, Piero Lovreglio, Grazia Greco, Annamaria Pratelli, Michele Camero, and Maria Tempesta
- Subjects
West Nile virus ,mosquito-borne disease ,workers ,risk ,occupational exposure ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging mosquito-borne neurotropic virus, belonging to the Flaviviridae family and the Orthoflavivirus genus. The effective control of WNV requires a targeted preventive strategy that also needs the identification of the higher-risk populations. Hence, this study focused on a systematic literature review of WNV-acquired infection in work-related settings and the assessment of the exposure risks among different occupational categories. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to identify studies until September 2023 in multiple databases such as PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS and Web of Science, according to the PRISMA 2020 statement. Risk of bias of collected papers was assessed by the ROB tool of the National Toxicology Program’s Office of Health Assessment and Translation handbook. Results: A total of 21 studies were included in the systematic review, out of which seventeen were observational studies and four were case reports. Workers identified as at higher risk for WNV infection were military workers, veterinarians, agricultural workers, farmers, and laboratory workers with contact with infected fluids or aerosols. Conclusions: The identification of higher-risk workers could facilitate active surveillance by occupational physicians, which could improve our understanding of the epidemiology of WNV and, in addition, could help tailor appropriate preventive recommendations, reducing the overall burden of disease in high-risk areas.
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- 2024
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38. Type 1 citrullinemia patient with Brugada pattern undergoing general anesthesia for dental extractions: A case report
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Fabio Dell’Olio, Pantaleo Lorusso, Rosaria Arianna Siciliani, Maria Massaro, Giuseppe Barile, Angela Tempesta, Salvatore Grasso, Gianfranco Favia, and Luisa Limongelli
- Subjects
Brugada syndrome ,citrullinemia ,dental care ,general anesthesia ,lidocaine ,Medicine ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Key Clinical Message The perioperative control of ammonia, reduction of stress, and administration of drugs tolerated in type 1 citrullinemia and Brugada pattern allowed the successful and uneventful management of general anesthesia in the study patient. Abstract The aim of this study was to report the targeted perioperative management of general anesthesia (GA) adopted for dental extractions in a rare patient with type 1 citrullinemia and Brugada pattern. A male, Caucasian, adult type 1 citrullinemia patient needed dental extractions under GA. The medical history showed neurodevelopmental impairment, growth retardation, epilepsy, and a Type 2 Brugada electrocardiographic pattern in the second precordial lead. The authors focused the anesthesiologic protocol on the prevention of hyperammonemia and fatal arrhythmias. Changes in diet and 10% glucose solution administration prevented protein catabolism due to the fasting period (ammonia was 44 μmol/L preoperatively and 46 μmol/L postoperatively; glycemia was 120 g/dL preoperatively and 153 g/dL postoperatively). The patient received a continuous electrocardiogram, noninvasive blood pressure, pulse oximeter, entropy monitoring, train‐of‐four monitoring, and external biphasic defibrillator pads. Midazolam, remifentanil, and dexamethasone were administered for pre‐anesthesia; thiopental and rocuronium for induction; remifentanil and desflurane for maintenance; sugammadex for decurarization. After the intraligamentary injection of lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100,000 for local anesthesia, the patient developed a transient Type 1 Brugada pattern that lasted a few minutes. The whole procedure lasted 30 min. The patient's discharge to ward occurred 3 h after the end of GA. The perioperative management of ammonia, reduction of stress, and administration of drugs tolerated in Type 1 citrullinemia and Brugada pattern allowed the successful and uneventful administration of GA in the study patient.
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- 2023
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39. New computable entanglement monotones from formal group theory
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Carrasco, José A., Marmo, Giuseppe, and Tempesta, Piergiulio
- Subjects
Mathematical Physics ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
We present a mathematical construction of new quantum information measures that generalize the notion of logarithmic negativity. Our approach is based on formal group theory. We shall prove that this family of generalized negativity functions, due their algebraic properties, is suitable for studying entanglement in many-body systems. Under mild hypotheses, the new measures are computable entanglement monotones. Also, they are composable: their evaluation over tensor products can be entirely computed in terms of the evaluations over each factor, by means of a specific group law. In principle, they might be useful to study separability and (in a future perspective) criticality of mixed states, complementing the role of R\'enyi's entanglement entropy in the discrimination of conformal sectors for pure states., Comment: 18 pages; to appear in Quantum Information Processing, 2021
- Published
- 2019
40. Universality Classes and Information-Theoretic Measures of Complexity via Group Entropies
- Author
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Tempesta, Piergiulio and Jensen, Henrik Jeldtoft
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics - Abstract
We introduce a class of information measures based on group entropies, allowing us to describe the information-theoretical properties of complex systems. These entropic measures are nonadditive, and are mathematically deduced from a series of natural requirements. In particular, we introduce an extensivity postulate as a natural requirement for an information measure to be meaningful. The information measures proposed are suitably defined for describing universality classes of complex systems, each characterized by a specific phase space growth rate function., Comment: 14 pages. No figures
- Published
- 2019
41. Formal Rings
- Author
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Carrasco, José and Tempesta, Piergiulio
- Subjects
Mathematics - Algebraic Topology ,14L05, 13J05 - Abstract
A notion of one-dimensional formal ring is presented. It consists of a triple $(A,\Phi,\Psi)$ where $A$ is a unital ring and $\Phi$ and $\Psi$ are two formal power series in $2$ variables ${\Phi(x,y),\Psi(x,y)\in A\llbracket x,y\rrbracket}$, the first one defining a one-dimensional formal group law over $A$ and the second one providing a second composition law satisfying axiomatic properties of compatibility with the first one. For a characteristic-zero ring $A$, a large class of one-dimensional formal rings can be obtained by constructing a new composition law, defined in terms of the group logarithm associated with a given formal group law $\Phi(x,y)$, and associative and distributive with respect to it. A natural $n$-dimensional generalization of the previous construction is also proposed; curves on $n$-dimensional formal rings are introduced. The higher-dimensional theory allows us to define a generalization of the ring $W(A)$ of Witt vectors over a ring $A$, which is recovered by means of a specific choice of the associated group logarithm. The composition laws of our generalized Witt ring are defined in terms of an underlying formal ring structure. Examples of formal rings related to Hirzebruch's theory of genera are explicitly computed. Finally, we also propose the examples of Euler's and Abel's formal rings., Comment: 20 pages
- Published
- 2019
42. Generalized Nijenhuis Torsions and Block-Diagonalization of Operator Fields
- Author
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Reyes, Daniel, Tempesta, Piergiulio, and Tondo, Giorgio
- Published
- 2023
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43. Rapid pathogen identification and phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility directly from urine specimens
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Larry Burg, Gretel Crewe, James DiMeo, Xin Guo, Carmen G. Li, Melissa Mayol, Andrew Tempesta, William Lauzier, Rachelle Markham, Katarzyna Crissy, Colleen Barry, Bruce Walsh, James E. Kirby, and Don Straus
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Implementing effective antimicrobial therapy close to the onset of infection lowers morbidity and mortality and attenuates the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Current antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods, however, require several days to determine optimal therapies. We present technology and an automated platform that identify (ID) Urinary Tract Infection pathogens in 45 min and provide phenotypic AST results in less than 5 h from urine specimens without colony isolation. The ID and AST tests count cells fluorescently labeled with specific rRNA probes using non-magnified digital imaging. The ID test detected five pathogens at ≤ 7,000 CFU/mL and had a linear range of ~ 4 orders of magnitude. For contrived specimens, AST tests gave 93.1% categorical agreement with 1.3% Very Major Errors (VME), 0.3% Major Errors (ME), and 6.3% minor Errors (mE) compared to the broth microdilution (BMD) reference method. For clinical specimens, the ID test had 98.6% agreement and the AST test had 92.3% categorical agreement with 4.2% mE, 3.4% ME and 4.0% VME compared to BMD. Data presented demonstrates that direct-from-specimen AST tests can accurately determine antimicrobial susceptibility/resistance for each pathogen in a specimen containing two pathogens. The method is robust to urine matrix effects and off-target commensal and contaminating bacteria.
- Published
- 2022
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44. Lingual laser frenotomy in newborns with ankyloglossia: a prospective cohort study
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Fabio Dell’Olio, Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre, Fabio Giovanni Russo, Federico Schettini, Rosaria Arianna Siciliani, Pietro Paolo Mezzapesa, Angela Tempesta, Nicola Laforgia, Gianfranco Favia, and Luisa Limongelli
- Subjects
Ankyloglossia ,Breastfeeding ,Newborns ,Laser surgery ,Laser frenotomy ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Background The study aims to describe the lingual laser frenotomy perioperative protocol for newborns with ankyloglossia with or without breastfeeding difficulties developed by Odontostomatology and Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Units of the Aldo Moro University of Bari. Methods Authors carried out a prospective observational cohort study. Newborns with ankyloglossia (classified by using both Coryllos’ and Hazelbaker’s criteria) with or without difficult breastfeeding (according to Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool) underwent diode laser frenotomy (800 ± 10 nm; 5 W; continuous wave mode; contact technique; under topical anesthesia) and follow-up visits after seven and thirty days postoperatively. The authors analyzed as main outcomes the perioperative pain intensity measured by the C.R.I.E.S. scale, the occurrence of complications and quality of healing, the quality of breastfeeding, newborn’s postoperative weight gain, maternal nipple pain, and the presence of lesions as secondary outcomes. Results Fifty-six newborns were included in the current study. Intraoperative mean pain intensity was 5.7 ± 0.5 points, resolved within thirty postoperative minutes. Observed complications were mild punctuating bleeding, carbonization of the irradiated site, and transitory restlessness. All wounds were completely healed within the thirtieth postoperative day. During follow-up, a significant breastfeeding improvement was evident with satisfactory newborns’ weight gain and a significant reduction of nipple pain and lesions (p
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- 2022
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45. Behavioral and psychological factors in individuals with migraine without psychiatric comorbidities
- Author
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Francesca Pistoia, Federico Salfi, Gennaro Saporito, Raffaele Ornello, Ilaria Frattale, Giulia D’Aurizio, Daniela Tempesta, Michele Ferrara, and Simona Sacco
- Subjects
Migraine ,Sleep ,Catastrophizing ,Anxiety ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background It is well known that the course of migraine is influenced by comorbidities and that individual psychological characteristics may impact on the disease. Proper identification of psychological factors that are relevant to migraine is important to improve non-pharmacological management. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between psychological factors and migraine in subjects free of psychiatric comorbidities. Methods A sample of women with episodic (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) without history of psychiatric comorbidities were included in this cross-sectional study. The study also included female healthy controls (HC) without migraine or other primary headaches. We evaluated sleep, anxiety, depression, intolerance of uncertainty, decision making style and tendence to pain catastrophizing by validated self-report questionnaires or scales. Comparisons among groups were performed using ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. Statistical significance was set at p
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- 2022
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46. Histopathological Comparative Analysis between Syndromic and Non-Syndromic Odontogenic Keratocysts: A Retrospective Study
- Author
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Gianfranco Favia, Francesca Spirito, Eleonora Lo Muzio, Saverio Capodiferro, Angela Tempesta, Luisa Limongelli, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, and Eugenio Maiorano
- Subjects
odontogenic keratocyst ,Nevoid Basal-Cell Carcinoma Syndrome ,Gorlin Syndrome ,Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ,jaws ,oral diseases ,Dentistry ,RK1-715 - Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of this study was to compare the histopathological features of syndromic and non-syndromic odontogenic keratocysts (OKs) using conventional and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) with their biological behaviour. (2) Methods: Data from the medical records of 113 patients with histological diagnosis of (single and/or multiple) OKs were collected. Globally, 213 OKs (120 syndromic and 93 sporadic) were retrieved, and their histological slides were re-evaluated with conventional H&E staining and with autofluorescence on the same slides using CLSM (Nikon Eclipse E600 microscope). (3) Results: Syndromic OKs showed more satellite cysts than sporadic cases, as well as a basophilic layer in the basement membrane, which was absent in sporadic OKs; both were highlighted with CLSM. The basement membrane in syndromic OKs appeared amorphous and fragile, thus possibly being responsible for the epithelial detachment and collapse, with scalloped features. Furthermore, the basal epithelial layers in such cases also showed increased cellularity and proliferative activity. All these histological features may possibly justify their higher tendency to recur. (4) Conclusions: CLSM is useful advanced technology that could help to quickly and easily discriminate between syndromic and non-syndromic OKs and to more accurately predict their biological behaviour in order to set fitter clinico-radiological follow-ups for individual patients.
- Published
- 2022
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47. Effects of Physical Activity on Cognitive Functioning: The Role of Cognitive Reserve and Active Aging
- Author
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Giulia D’Aurizio, Fabiana Festucci, Ilaria Di Pompeo, Daniela Tempesta, and Giuseppe Curcio
- Subjects
active aging ,physical activity ,cognitive functions ,elderly ,psychophysical well-being ,cognitive reserve ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Background: The increase in average life expectancy necessitates the identification of possible mechanisms capable of promoting “active aging” to ensure adequate levels of global functioning. Numerous studies show that regular physical activity promotes, even in the elderly, a state of functional psychophysical well-being capable of slowing down age-related cognitive decline. This study aimed to clarify whether, and how, the intensity of physical activity can modulate cognitive and executive skills by influencing specific psychological variables. Methods: Our sample consisted of 151 senior subjects divided into hikers (HIK), gentle gymnastics (GYM), and sedentary (SED), who practice intense, moderate, and reduced physical activity, respectively. A battery of psychological questionnaires was administrated to evaluate attentional skills, decision-making, the ability to implement targeted behaviors, perceived self-efficacy, and psychophysical well-being. We included: the Mini-Mental State Examination, Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Letter Cancellation Test, Everyday Competence Questionnaire, and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Results: Comparisons between the scores reported by the three groups showed that the HIK group differs from the others with respect to most of the measurements, presenting better mood and cognitive performance, and a specific psychological profile. On the contrary, the GYM group appeared to have a greater affinity with the SED group than with the HIK group, both cognitively and psychologically. Conclusions: Types of physical activity, as well as the intensity and frequency with which they are practiced, are factors that promote an active aging process, protecting the psychophysical well-being and overall cognitive functioning of the elderly.
- Published
- 2023
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48. Group entropies: from phase space geometry to entropy functionals via group theory
- Author
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Jensen, Henrik Jeldtoft and Tempesta, Piergiulio
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics - Abstract
The entropy of Boltzmann-Gibbs, as proved by Shannon and Khinchin, is based on four axioms, where the fourth one concerns additivity. The group theoretic entropies make use of formal group theory to replace this axiom with a more general composability axiom. As has been pointed out before, generalised entropies crucially depend on the number of allowed number degrees of freedom $N$. The functional form of group entropies is restricted (though not uniquely determined) by assuming extensivity on the equal probability ensemble, which leads to classes of functionals corresponding to sub-exponential, exponential or super-exponential dependence of the phase space volume $W$ on $N$. We review the ensuing entropies, discuss the composability axiom, relate to the Gibbs' paradox discussion and explain why group entropies may be particularly relevant from an information theoretic perspective., Comment: 12 pages - invited contribution to the journal Entropy's special issue "Nonadditive Entropies and Complex Systems"
- Published
- 2018
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49. Higher Haantjes Brackets and Integrability
- Author
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Tempesta, Piergiulio and Tondo, Giorgio
- Subjects
Mathematics - Differential Geometry ,53A45, 58C40, 58A30 - Abstract
We propose a new, infinite class of brackets generalizing the Fr\"olicher--Nijenhuis bracket. This class can be reduced to a family of generalized Nijenhuis torsions recently introduced. In particular, the Haantjes bracket, the first example of our construction, is relevant in the characterization of Haantjes moduli of operators. We shall also prove that the vanishing of a higher-level Nijenhuis torsion of a given operator is a sufficient condition for the integrability of its generalized eigen-distributions. This result (which does not require any knowledge of the spectral properties of the operator) generalizes the celebrated Haantjes theorem. The same vanishing condition also guarantees that the operator can be written, in a local chart, in a block-diagonal form., Comment: 24 pages; some results added
- Published
- 2018
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50. A new class of entropic information measures, formal group theory and information geometry
- Author
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Rodríguez, Miguel A., Romaniega, Álvaro, and Tempesta, Piergiulio
- Subjects
Mathematical Physics ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,High Energy Physics - Theory ,Mathematics - Differential Geometry - Abstract
In this work, we study generalized entropies and information geometry in a group-theoretical framework. We explore the conditions that ensure the existence of some natural properties and at the same time of a group-theoretical structure for a large class of entropies. In addition, a method for defining new entropies, using previously known ones with some desired group-theoretical properties is proposed. In the second part of this work, the information geometrical counterpart of the previous construction is examined and a general class of divergences are proposed and studied. Finally, a method of constructing new divergences from known ones is discussed; in particular, some results concerning the Riemannian structure associated with the class of divergences under investigation are formulated., Comment: 17 pages
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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