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The characterization of materials, stress and fatigue state monitoring based on the acoustoelastic principle are gaining widespread attention in recent years, mainly due to their advantages such as high sensitivity and non-destructive character. This article presents the application of a non-destructive acoustic method to test the degree of degradation of materials with which the heating boiler is coated. The combustion chamber is covered in materials when the temperature of the process itself increases, and has a very positive effect on fuel combustion. Unfortunately, with the passage of time, such materials undergo gradation. This article describes an innovative measuring system that has been successfully applied to monitor changes in resonance frequency under uniaxial compression in refractory grade material, which by definition is characterized by a high level of heterogeneity with a network of pre-existing cracks. The paper indicates that both stress and elasticity coefficients have an impact on the vibration frequency of the measuring system. Initial research was conducted to qualitatively determine the influence of these parameters on the measured frequency of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]