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Purpose Crime has notable impacts on health outcomes of individuals through various pathways. This study aims to explore relationships between perceived neighborhood crime and health statuses of individuals in Turkey. Design/methodology/approach This study combines individual- and household-level data from a national household survey and regional-level data for empirical analyses. A multilevel estimation framework is used for quantification of associations between a perceived neighborhood crime indicator and an individual-level health status index. Findings Empirical findings indicate that perceived neighborhood crime level has a negative relationship with health indexes of Turkish individuals. Additionally, health index is significantly associated with individual- and household-level covariates. Practical implications Public policies for health and safety improvements should consider heterogeneities in characteristics of individuals and households in developing regions of the world. Originality/value Earlier findings on associations of crime and health measures mostly rely on evidence from developed regions of the world. This research complements the related literature by providing empirical analysis of associations between perceived neighborhood crime and health outcomes for a developing country, Turkey.

This article explores the economics of religion with a specific focus on divergent effects of religiosity on people's financial satisfaction. There is ever-growing literature on the sociology of religion-life satisfaction nexus but there is still dearth of research on how religiosity may affect citizens' outlook toward their economic affluence and finances. We argue that religiosity has to be understood under two major vantage points, through which it can affect financial satisfaction. Specifically, we maintain that social, community-related religiosity and individual, devoutness-related religiosity have distinctly pivotal and empirically quadratic effects on people's financial satisfaction. This finding is illuminating to understand how social dynamics may shape people's stance and outlook toward their subjective financial well-being and how this may have repercussions at the individual and societal levels. We test our arguments in light of the global World Values Survey data via a multilevel estimation framework.

This study investigates gender differences in cigarette smoking quit attempts in Turkey. Utilizing the Turkish Health Survey of 2016, logistic regression models are estimated for quantification of correlates of cigarette smoking quit attempts at individual level. Empirical findings indicate that women are less likely to attempt quitting smoking in Turkey. Differences in risk factors of quitting attempts between men and women samples are also found. In both men and women in Turkey, the remarkable correlates of smoking quit attempts are use of hand-rolled cigarettes, number of cigarettes consumed per day, start of smoking owing to family issues, being married, self-rated health status, having heart disease, and alcohol use. In Turkish women only, the remarkable risk factors of quitting attempts are age of smoking start, obesity, start of smoking owing to personal problems, and smoking via effects of friends. In Turkish men only, age, education level, household income level, being divorced, having depression, having asthma, and physical activity level are the remarkable correlations with smoking quit attempts.

This article investigates the relationship between health status and time allocation decisions of individuals. Although many studies address impacts of health on labour supply, few studies explore associations of health status with non-market work activities. Using a nationally representative sample from a recent Turkish Time Use Survey, this article employs Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) framework to estimate multiple equations of various time use categories. Consistent with literature, empirical results indicate that higher levels of self-reported health status (SRHS) are associated with more time spent in market work. However, better health level is negatively correlated with time spent in leisure and sleep. There is mixed evidence between self-reported health status (SRHS) and time spent on non-market work. There is a negative weak association between health and time devoted to personal care. Finally, demographics such as gender, age, education and marital status display correlations with time allocation of Turkish individuals.

Zamanin etkin kullanimi bir ulkenin is gucunu olusturan bireylerin uretkenligi icin oldukca onemlidir. Bu calisma, Turkiye’deki bireylerin kulturel etkinlikler, spor etkinlikleri ve sosyallesme gibi bos zaman etkinliklerine harcadiklari zamanin belirleyicilerini incelemektedir. Bos zaman etkinliklerine ayrilan zaman ile cinsiyet, yas, egitim seviyesi, gelir duzeyi, medeni durum, istihdam durumu, saglik durumu ve cocuk bakimina ayrilan zaman gibi sosyo-demografik degiskenler arasindaki iliskiler arastirilmaktadir. Bu amacla, bu calisma 2014-2015 donemindeki TUIK Zaman Kullanim Anketi’ni kullanmaktadir ve ampirik analiz icin gorunurde iliskisiz regresyon modeli tahmin etmektedir. Bulgular, Turkiye’deki bireylerin sosyallesmeye daha fazla zaman harcadiklarini gostermektedir. Yas, egitim seviyesi, medeni durum, saglik durumu, istihdam durumu, cocuk bakimi ve hanehalki gelir duzeyi, Turkiye'de farkli bos zaman etkinliklerine harcanan zamanla anlamli iliskiler gostermektedir.

This article aims to understand the correlates of political trust by delving into the multiple interactive effects of education in democratic states throughout the world. It asks whether education raises political trust by increasing the stakes of the citizens in the system and whether education diminishes trust as a result of being abler to evaluate the existence of corruption in a given country. It also taps into how post-materialism as an individual-level factor affects this equation by activating critical judgments toward political institutions. The findings show that, indeed, the effect of education on political trust is very context-dependent. Political trust and education are positively correlated in more meritocratic countries and negatively correlated in the more corrupt ones. Post-material values, combined with educational attainment, tend to lower political trust to a certain extent yet this effect is surpassed by the presence or absence of meritocracy or political corruption. We also find that the effect of education on political trust becomes more pronounced as the level of education increases, with university graduates being the most susceptible to the effects of meritocracy and corruption on their trust levels.

Türkiye’nin, 2010 yılların başından itibaren iktisadi gelişmenin duraksadığı bir orta gelir tuzağına yakalandığı tartışılmaktadır. Bu makale, bu soruna eğilerek Türkiye bağlamında ve Türkiye’nin iktisadi gelişme seviyesinde olan diğer ülkeler için de uygulanabilecek kurumsalcı bir analiz sunmaktadır. Makale, tarihsel ve ekonometrik yöntemleri birleştiren çok metodlu bir yöntemle, Türkiye örneğindeki gibi yüksek orta gelirli ülkelerde daha fazla iktisadi gelişmeye ulaşılması için siyasi ve iktisadi kurumlardaki sorunların çözülmesi gerektiğinin altını çizmektedir. Çalışmanın tekrar edilebilirliği hem Türkiye örneğinde, hem de karşılaştırmalı olarak diğer ülkelerde çalışmanın güvenilirliğinin test edilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır.

This study investigates determinants of online health-related activities of Turkish individuals. By exploiting a data set from a household survey of Turkey, probit models are estimated for quantification of factors influencing participation of individuals in electronic health (e-health). Findings reveal that Turkish females are more likely to employ online tools for health-related purposes. Education level, household income and internet usage frequency have positive relationships with online information search and use of online scheduling for doctor appointments. Age has a non-linear relationship with e-health activities. While relatively younger and older individuals are less likely to engage in online health activities, middle-aged individuals are more likely to participate. While use of information technologies in health-related issues have potential to increase health literacy of the population; this study reveals that there are systematic differences in sub-samples in employment of e-health tools, which should be addressed by policy makers.

The economic effects of terror attacks have been extensively examined in the literature. Yet there is a paucity of empirical research investigating their effect on welfare. Existing studies suggest that, in addition to economic costs, terror also imposes social costs. Using both micro-level data at the individual level and macro-level data at the provincial level, this article examines the association of terror and happiness in Turkey. To address income endogeneity, the conditional mixed process estimation method is employed. The results indicate that while a bidirectional relationship between happiness and income level exists, terror negatively affects happiness. Additional factors such as perceived relative income, gender, employment status, and household size have significant effects on individual wellbeing as well. The findings suggest that measuring only the economic costs of terror fails to capture the full extent of the costs imposed on society.

Energy poverty is significantly correlated with various health measures. This study investigates the links between energy poverty and health outcomes in Turkey. A nationally representative household survey is employed to provide empirical evidence for the relationship between a health status index and a self-reported energy poverty indicator. Multi-level model estimation results imply that energy poverty is negatively associated with health level of individuals. House conditions such as physical deficiencies and insulation problems display negative correlations with health status. Moreover, empirical findings reveal that the health statuses of individuals are essentially related to demographics and household-level factors rather than regional-level variables.

This chapter investigates the relationship between gender and use of e-government services in Turkey. Based on household surveys, probit regression models are estimated to quantify determinants of e-government use for Turkish citizens. Empirical findings imply that there is a gender gap in use of e-government services. Turkish females are less likely to employ e-government tools compared to Turkish males. Household income, education level, being employed, and frequency of internet use are positively correlated with probability of e-government use for Turkish individuals. Finally, age demonstrates negative association with use of online government services. As the individual gets older, probability of using e-government platforms decreases. Thus, the digital divide prevails among Turkish citizens and should be addressed by policymakers.

This article analyses the state and determinants of women's empowerment in Turkey, based on an extensive and representative survey with more than 100,000 participants. It creates an original index of women's self-perceived empowerment, which incorporates empowerment measures on health, education, income, social life, and personal care and conducts multilevel analysis that integrates effects of individual-level factors with contextual, locality-specific forces. Multilevel analysis confirms the nested nature of women's empowerment in Turkey, which depends on both individual attributes and on the locality in which a woman resides. The Turkish case analysed in this article offers insights for the state of women's empowerment in societies replete with patriarchal norms and neoliberal policies.

This paper investigates the Turkish economy within a comparative historical framework. In light of a thorough discussion of Turkish economic crises in the post-1980 period, the paper explores Turkey's contemporary strengths and weaknesses in the global economic arena by comparing it with its peers and developed nations. The paper also highlights Turkey's extant economic vulnerabilities, especially its current account deficit, volatile international capital flows and ongoing banking sector problems. Along with other policy recommendations regarding these vulnerabilities, the paper proposes the introduction of capital controls to enhance economic institutions and cope with future hardships.

This study investigates the association between parental alcohol use and children's mental health in Turkey by using a nationally representative cross-sectional health survey. This study uses Turkey Health Survey of 2016, which is conducted by Turkish Statistical Institute. Mental health statuses of children are measured by an ordered variable, which considers health problems such as mental deficiency, learning disability, attention deficit, late talking and behavioural issues. Ordered Logistic models are utilised to quantify the relationships between alcohol use of parents and children's mental health statuses in Turkey. Empirical findings indicate that children's mental health statuses are negatively associated with alcohol use of fathers and mothers. Additionally, self-rated health statuses of mothers are positively correlated with children's mental health. Finally, male children are more likely to have mental health issues than female children in Turkey.

This article introduces a field assignment, which is internationally implementable in introductory economics classes. The assignment involves a visit to a local farmer's market and a couple of grocery stores to observe and experience market interactions of economic agents as well as to collect data on prices for a pre-determined basket of goods. The assignment helps student understand that their daily life actions are highly related to economics and visualise theoretical concepts taught in classrooms such as market mechanisms, prices, market structure, gross domestic product and inflation.

I study price convergence in asset markets with indefinite duration induced by existence of bankruptcy risk. By introducing increasing and decreasing fundamental value paths via experimental methodology, this study extends knowledge about traders' incentives in asset markets with indefinite horizons. In most cases, the data indicate significant undervaluation of assets without a buyback value under bankruptcy risk regardless of fundamental value regime. The transaction prices closely follow the fundamental value trend of the asset supported by a terminal value in both definite and indefinite time horizons with constant fundamentals.