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Objective: In this study, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the results of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) who had undergone splenectomy. Methods: The records of 25 patients with AIHA refractory to steroids and who underwent splenectomy between January 1, 2000, and October 31, 2017, and were followed up at Ondokuz Mayıs University were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, AIHA type and secondary causes, direct Coombs subtypes, hemoglobin and lactate dehydrogenase levels at diagnosis and at postsplenectomy, bone marrow biopsy and splenectomy pathologies, liver and spleen size, splenectomy complications, treatments given presplenectomy, status after splenectomy, and relapse treatments were examined. Results: Twelve of 25 patients (48%) had primary AIHA and 13 (52%) had secondary AIHA. All patients received methylprednisolone before splenectomy. After splenectomy, 14 (56%) of the cases were in remission, while 11 (44%) relapsed. Of the patients who relapsed, steroids were used in 54.54%, rituximab in 18.18%, cyclosporine in 36.36%, intravenous immunoglobulin in 9.09%, and mycophenolate mofetil in 9.09%. One patient underwent plasmapheresis. At the end of all treatments, 6 (54.54%) patients who relapsed after splenectomy were in remission, while 3 (27.27%) relapsed and 2 (18.18%) were refractory. Four patients died. As a complication of splenectomy, sepsis developed in 4 patients (16%) and thrombotic events occured in 6 patients (24%). Conclusion: Some of the patients with AIHA did not respond to splenectomy. We think that the number of patients who need to undergo splenectomy will decrease with randomized trials using new generation drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Hydrocephalus is a common condition in neurosurgical practice in patients of all ages. Despite significant advances in the technology and design of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt systems, shunt failure remains a major problem in neurosurgical clinics. Antibiotic prophylaxis is an important step in protocols to prevent VP shunt infections. In this study, we investigated VP shunt infection incidence and VP shunt infection prophylaxis used in pediatric hydrocephalus cases at our center and the parameters that may influence shunt infection. Materials and Methods: Between 01/01/2018 and 01/01/2023, cases younger than 18 years of age who underwent VP shunt surgery in our hospital were included in the study. Clinical data and demographic information were retrospectively obtained from medical records. The primary results of our study were the frequency of VP shunt infection in the first 3 months after surgery and whether there was a difference in shunt infection between antibiotic applications used for prophylaxis. Other factors that may influence VP shunt infection were evaluated as secondary outcomes. Results: Within a 5-year period, 28 cases were identified that met our study criteria. The overall rate of VP shunt infections was 21.4%. In 85.7% of patients, 3rdgeneration cephalosporins were used for prophylaxis, and in the others (14.3%), 1stgeneration cephalosporins were used. VP Shunt infections did not occur in patients receiving 1st generation cephalosporins. However, possibly due to the limited number of cases, no statistical significance (p=0.549) was detected between the groups. There was no statistical difference in other demographic data between the groups with and without VP shunt infection. Conclusion: In our patient group, which was predominantly infants, prophylactic use of 1st-generation cephalosporins to prevent VP shunt infection showed similar efficacy to the use of 3rd-generation cephalosporins. 1st-generation cephalosporins should be preferred, especially in terms of reducing costs and resistant infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most important diseases threatening wheat production both in Turkey and worldwide. However, the underlying genetic dynamics of Pst populations are not fully known in Turkey. To determine the population genetic structure and migration network among regional Pst populations, a total of 140 Pst isolates collected from six geographical regions of Turkey from 2018 to 2020 were sampled and genotyped using 21 simple sequence repeat loci. A total of 70 multilocus genotypes were identified and classified into the three major genetic groups by Bayesian assignment. The highest genotypic diversity was detected in Southeastern Anatolia, showing its critical role as one of the source populations to trigger possible stripe rust epidemics. Analysis of molecular variance revealed the highest variation (90.25%) within isolates. The migration network generated by the number of effective migrants showed that the highest migration (1.0) was determined between Southeastern Anatolia and Central Anatolia, and considerable levels of migration (>0.2) were determined among the other regions, except for the Black Sea. Linkage equilibrium (P > 0.05) was detected for many geographical regions, except for Marmara (P = 0.00) and the Mediterranean (P = 0.03), suggesting that reproduction of Pst populations is most likely sexual or mixed (sexual and clonal). To sum up, this is the first study on the genetic relationships and population genetic structure of the Pst population in Turkey, and these findings may provide critical information to develop management strategies for wheat stripe rust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences / İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Institute of Science & Technology / Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Igdir University, Institute of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scald caused by the fungal pathogen Rhynchosporium commune is a significant foliar disease affecting barley production on a global scale, and it leads to substantial reductions in both yield and quality of barley. In the current study, the reactions of 40 Turkish barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties to scald were evaluated under natural conditions in Çanakkale and Kırşehir in 2021–2022, and Antalya and Siirt locations in 2022–2023 growing seasons. Field trials were conducted according to randomized block design with three replications in each year; the spore concentration was 1 × 106 spores per mL, and it was applied to the varieties three times at different growth stages. The reactions of barley varieties were assessed using a newly designed two-digit scale ranging from 11 to 99. Based on their scale values, the varieties were categorized as immune (0), resistant (11–35), moderately resistant (36–55), moderately susceptible (56–75), and susceptible (76–99). In addition, genotype plus genotype-by-environment (GGE) interactions of scale values were analyzed through GGE Biplot and explained 97.65% of the total variation. The ranking of genotypes based on scale groups generally showed consistency with GGE Biplot results, but GGE Biplot offered a more detailed classification, especially for moderately susceptible varieties. The relationship between the two methods indicated the relative stability of variety reactions, as GGE Biplot analysis also considered genotype stability. In conclusion, the use of the newly developed scale for evaluating scald reactions in barley gives reliable results. In addition, identified resistant varieties can serve as valuable genetic resources for further breeding studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Art & Interpretation / Sanat ve Yorum is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: To determine the frequency of urinary system anomaly in children aged 0–18 y suffering from first urinary tract infection (UTI) and to establish which age group requires urinary ultrasonography (USG) screening. Methods: Age and gender, urine culture, urinary USG, and urological imaging results among 247 children in the 0–18 y age group with a first diagnosis of UTI were investigated retrospectively. Results: Anomaly was detected at USG in 68 (27.5%) of the 247 patients suffering from first UTI. The most common anomaly was hydronephrosis. Non-E. coli micro-organisms were the pathogenic agents in 61.8% of patients with anomalies detected at USG. Being in the 0–5 y age group (OR: 0.524, 95% CI 0.284–0.970, p = 0.040) and presence of atypical UTI (OR: 4.746, 95% CI: 1.675–13.450, p = 0.003) emerged as independent predictive markers of severe urinary system pathologies on multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: Based on the data in the present study, routine USG screening is recommended for children suffering from first UTI under the age of 5 y and for the children suffering from atypical UTI at all ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]