Search

Objective: Campylobacter is considered the most frequent agent of gastroenteritis in humans all around the world. The aim of this study was to know the incidence, trend and seasonality of notified campylobacteriosis cases in Castile and Leon, Spain, from 2008 to 2015. In addition, to describe the type of case and source of notification, and study the influence of age, sex and Campylobacter species on the hospitalization of cases., Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study with a time series analysis. Data on notified campylobacteriosis cases were collected from the Epidemiological Surveillance System of Castile and Leon (2008-2015). Incidence rates and incidence rate ratios by age, sex and year of notification were calculated. In order to estimate trend and seasonality, a time series analysis was performed using a multiplicative method and adjusted to a linear and exponential model., Results: From 4,330 cases analyzed, 49.4% of children aged under 5 were affected. The ratio of men to women was 1.43 and 61.8% of cases were notified from secondary care. C. jejuni was isolated from 72.3% of samples (n=2,593). Incidence rate ranged from 11.42 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in 2008 to 33.53 in 2015. The seasonality range was from 71.97% (13th four-week period) to 125.54% (9th four-week period). Hospitalization reached 62.5% for people aged 60 or over., Conclusions: A growing trend of notified campylobacteriosis cases is observed in Castile and Leon (2008-2015), mainly in children aged under 5, with a peak in summer months. Males are more affected than females and hospitalization increases with age., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is still more frequent that it should be in Spain given the degree of Spain's social and healthcare-related development. Apart from some individual studies, such as the Multicenter Tuberculosis Research Project, the incidence of tuberculosis is known by way of the Compulsory Notifiable Disease System, in which some degree of under-notification has been detected. The question has been raised as to whether this data can be improved through the additional use of another registry, specifically the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS)., Methods: This is a retrospective study referring back to the 1996-2000 period conducted on the population of a healthcare district totaling 220,572 inhabitants. The data from the Compulsory Notifiable Disease registry was used to the specialized care level, and that of the MBDS registry for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. The incidence rates were calculated for each source by the capture-recapture method. An analysis was made of epidemiological characteristics such as age, gender, place of residence, bacillus in sputum and treatment data on the hospitalized cases, such as average length of stay, type of admission, type of release, clinical department, HIV co-morbility., Results: The mean annual incidence recorded at the specialized care level was 16.6 cases/100,000 inhabitants in the Compulsory Notifiable Disease registry; 20.4 cases/100,000 inhabitants in the MBDS registry, and 23.1 cases/100,000 inhabitants combining both of these two sources. The incidence estimated using the capture-recapture method was that of 24.4 cases/100,000 inhabitants (IC95%: 23.5-25.3)., Conclusions: Any information system which provides reliable data serves to improve epidemiological surveillance even though it may have been designed for a different purpose. It is all a matter of knowing the limitations and unique aspects thereof. The MBDS provides information of epidemiological interest which is not included in the Compulsory Notifiable Disease reports. Using the capture-recapture method is one alternative for estimating truer pulmonary tuberculosis rates.