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Introduction: The standard of care for treating early invasive cervical cancer is radical hysterectomy or radiation alone while chemo-radiation is a definitive treatment for advanced disease. Occasionally, simple hysterectomy is performed in cancer cervix and these patients merit adjuvant treatment in view of high chances of loco-regional recurrences. Aim of the study was to analyze the survival outcome of these patients treated with salvage chemo-radiotherapy and also to determine the prognostic factors affecting survival. Materials and methods The medical records of all patients of cervical cancer post simple hysterectomy outside and who received salvage treatment in our department between 2014 and 2020 were retrieved. The data regarding clinical, treatment details and survival were analyzed. Results A total of 198 patients were included. Median follow up duration was 45.5 months. Gross disease and lymphadenopathy was seen in 60% and 28% patients, respectively. The 5-year progression free survival(PFS) and overall survival(OS) was 75% and 76%, respectively. Concurrent chemotherapy alone or in combination with induction chemotherapy using three drug regimens showed better survival compared to those treated by radiation alone. On multivariate analysis, factors found to be adversely affecting OS and PFS were lymph node (LN) size of more than 2cm, non squamous histology, overall treatment time(OTT) of more than 12 weeks and use of non three drug chemotherapy regimen. Conclusion Subtotal hysterectomy results in higher incidence of local recurrence of disease. Factors that impair the outcome in this sub-group of patients are gross lymphadenopathy, non-squamous histology and prolong OTT.

The beginning of the Community Mental Health program in the 1960s in the U.S., led to the deinstitutionalization of mental health care and is known as the era of emergence of Psychosocial Rehabilitation of persons who have a severe mental illness (SMI). In mid-1970s in India, the rst community mental health unit was set up at the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS) with rural mental health center provision at Sakalwara, Bangalore Rural District. In addition to extending services in the rural locality, many professionals working in the eld of mental health were trained at this center.

Let G be a finite group acting freely on a finitistic space X having cohomology type (0, b) (for example, $\mathbb S$n × $\mathbb S$2n is a space of type (0, 1) and the one-point union $\mathbb S$n ∨ $\mathbb S$2n ∨ $\mathbb S$3n is a space of type (0, 0)). It is known that a finite group G that contains ℤp ⊕ ℤp ⊕ ℤp, p a prime, cannot act freely on $\mathbb S$n × $\mathbb S$2n. In this paper, we show that if a finite group G acts freely on a space of type (0, 1), where n is odd, then G cannot contain ℤp ⊕ ℤp, p an odd prime. For spaces of cohomology type (0, 0), we show that every p-subgroup of G is either cyclic or a generalized quaternion group. Moreover, for n even, it is shown that ℤ2 is the only group that can act freely on X.

The classical Borsuk Ulam theorem can be stated as: there exists no equivariant map S n → S n − 1 , relative to the antipodal actions on the spheres. Let G = Z 2 act freely on a finitistic space X with mod 2 cohomology ring isomorphic to that of the product of a projective space (real, complex or quaternionic) and the 3-sphere. In this paper, we show that the Volovikov's index of R P m × S 3 is any one of the integers 2, 4, m + 3 or m + 4 . In case of C P m × S 3 , this index is 3, 4 or 2 m + 4 and that of H P m × S 3 is 4, 5, 8 or 9. We apply this to determine the possibilities of nonexistence of equivariant maps X → S n or S n → X .

Let $$G=\mathbb {Z}_p,$$ $$p>2$$ a prime, act freely on a finitistic space X with mod p cohomology ring isomorphic to that of $$\mathbb {F}P^m\times \mathbb {S}^3$$ , where $$m+1\not \equiv 0$$ mod p and $$\mathbb {F}=\mathbb {C}$$ or $$\mathbb {H}$$ . We wish to discuss the nonexistence of G-equivariant maps $$\mathbb {S}^{2q-1}\rightarrow X$$ and $$ X\rightarrow \mathbb {S}^{2q-1}$$ , where $$\mathbb {S}^{2q-1}$$ is equipped with a free G-action. These results are analogues of the celebrated Borsuk-Ulam theorem. To establish these results first we find the cohomology algebra of orbit spaces of free G-actions on X. For a continuous map $$f\!:\! X\rightarrow \mathbb {R}^n$$ , a lower bound of the cohomological dimension of the partial coincidence set of f is determined. Furthermore, we approximate the size of the zero set of a fibre preserving G-equivariant map between a fibre bundle with fibre X and a vector bundle. An estimate of the size of the G-coincidence set of a fibre preserving map is also obtained. These results are parametrized versions of the Borsuk-Ulam theorem.

The central notion in topology is the concept of “continuity of functions” between topological spaces. A discussion of this concept and some other notions related to mappings is the object of the first section. In the second section, we consider the problem of topologizing the Cartesian products of a family of topological spaces in some natural and useful way. Here, we are mainly concerned with the “Tychonoff topology,” which is the smallest topology for a product of topological spaces such that each projection is continuous.

A standard problem in topology is the classification of spaces and continuous functions up to homeomorphisms and there are limited tools, in general, topology to deal with it. For example, one would like to know whether or not Euclidean spaces of different dimensions are homeomorphic; alternatively, one may be interested in finding a topological property which can be used to distinguish between a circular disc and an annulus (i.e., a disc with a hole). Notice that topological properties we have studied thus far are not helpful in answering these questions. A solution to such a problem is generally obtained by converting the problem into algebraic questions in such a way that the process always assigns isomorphic groups, rings, etc., to homeomorphic spaces, that is, the associated algebraic structure is a topological invariant. Such an invariant, called the Fundamental Group or Poincare Group of the space, was first defined by the great French mathematician Henri Poincare in 1895. It will be treated in the present chapter.

Paracompact Hausdorff spaces are very close to metrizable spaces, and have proved quite useful in differential geometry and topology. Section 9.1 concerns with the study of these spaces. It will be seen that every metric space is paracompact Hausdorff. On the other hand, a locally metrizable paracompact Hausdorff space is metrizable. In fact, there are several theorems that guarantee the metrizability of a topological space X. In the previous chapter, we have seen such a theorem, viz., the Urysohn Metrization Theorem. In Sect. 9.2, we treat the most important one, it gives a complete characterization of metric spaces.

This study endeavors to understand the meaning in life of cervical cancer survivors in India using narrative analysis. Cervical Cancer survivor participants were interviewed to obtain a holistic view of their experiences in their own words, which was followed by administration of Thematic Apperception Test. Interview data was analyzed using Narrative Analysis. The narratives indicated that the participants viewed life being predestined and guided by fate. In some cases the realization of immortality resulted in peace and satisfaction. This renewed meaning was strongly mediated by faith in God and increased religiosity which facilitated hope and resilience. Strong support systems further enhanced meaning in their lives. However, underlying factors like fatigue, fear of recurrence of the disease and perceived burden continue to be distressing factors. On the other hand, some participants who experienced a preoccupation with somatic complaints and ambivalent feelings toward God experienced a sense of meaninglessness, lack of purpose and diminished hope. The most frequently used defense mechanisms were sublimation, reaction formation, undoing, displacement and projection.

Comorbidity refers to presence of one or more additional disorders along with a primary disorder. It affects the prognosis and course of treatment. It is often difficult for clinician to make correct diagnosis in presence of various disorders. The clinical picture of various disorders interferes with treatment process and the outcome. There are some disorders in psychiatry, known as chronic illness. These are schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. All these three disorder have a major effect on individual's life. Anxiety, depression, substance abuse and panic symptoms are common in schizophrenia; hence the clinical picture changes frequently. While the literature suggests that presence of two or three disorders make treatment worse, hence multidisciplinary treatment need to be used.

In the present study we intend to assess if the expressed emotion perceived by the patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder has any effect on their quality of life. Is the burden experienced by the caregivers, has any effect up on their quality of life? To explore these issues, regression was employed to estimate the quantitative effect of the causal variables upon the variable that they influence and the “statistical significance” of the estimated relationships. This study consisted of 120 participants. 30 patients with Schizophrenia Bipolar disorder and two caregiver groups. Administration of tests was done on individual basis. FEICS was administered to assess EE perceived by the patients. WHOQOL (BREF) scale was used to assess quality of life of patients. BAS was given to assess caregiver's burden. For the assessment of data regression analysis was calculated.

Suppose that \(G =\mathbb{S}^1\) acts freely on a finitistic space X whose (mod p) cohomology ring is isomorphic to that of a lens space \(L^{2m-1}(p;q_1,\ldots,q_m)\) or \(\mathbb{S}^1\times \mathbb{C}P^{m-1}\). The mod p index of the action is defined to be the largest integer n such that αn ≠ 0, where \(\alpha \,\epsilon\, H^2(X/G;\mathbb{Z}_p)\) is the nonzero characteristic class of the \(\mathbb{S}^1\)-bundle \(\mathbb{S}^1\hookrightarrow X\rightarrow X/G\). We show that the mod p index of a free action of G on \(\mathbb{S}^1\times \mathbb{C}P^{m-1}\) is p − 1, when it is defined. Using this, we obtain a Borsuk–Ulam type theorem for a free G-action on \(\mathbb{S}^1\times \mathbb{C}P^{m-1}\). It is note worthy that the mod p index for free G-actions on the cohomology lens space is not defined.

Let G = ℤp, p an odd prime, act freely on a finite-dimensional CW-complex X with mod p cohomology isomorphic to that of a lens space L2m−1(p; q1, …, qm). In this paper, we determine the mod p cohomology ring of the orbit space X/G, when p2 ∤ m.

FIXED POINT FREE INVOLUTIONS ON COHOMOLOGY PROJECTIVE SPACES

In this paper, we consider actions of G = Z p G = {Z_p} (with p an odd prime) on spaces X which are of cohomology type (0, 0) (i.e., have the mod - p \bmod \text {-}p cohomology of the one-point union of an n-sphere, a 2n-sphere and a a 3n-sphere, n odd). If X is not totally non-homologous to zero in X G {X_G} we determine the fixed set, give examples of all possibilities for the fixed set and compute the cohomology ring structure of the orbit space in the case where G acts freely. In [4], we considered fixed sets for related spaces, when X is totally non-homologous to zero in X G {X_G} .

Acetamiprid induces decrease in body weight and clinical symptoms like respiratory depression, sitting in the corner, diarrhea, depression, dullness etc. in mice at the different dose levels (considering the LD50 value). Test mice administered with acetamiprid show significant decrease in overall hematological profile. Acetamiprid at a particular safe dose level can be considered non-toxic to the experimental animal.

The present study was carried out to assess the toxicological effect of acetamiprid, an insecticide of neonicotinoid group on clinical and serum hematobiochemical parameters of mice. The experimental animals were divided into four different groups of equal number of animals and the first group was considered as Control. It was found that acetamiprid administered @ 40 mg/kg body weight per day (1/5th of LD% value) for a period of 28 days induces prominent toxic symptoms along with hematological and biochemical effect in mice. Acetamiprid induced mice showed decrease in body weight and clinical symptoms like respiratory depression, sitting in the corner, diarrhea, depression, dullness etc. are observed at the different dose levels. Test mice administered with acetamiprid showed significant decrease in overall hematological profile. In the present study, it was found that acetamiprid @ 10 mg/ kg body weight (1/20th of LD50 value) did not produce significant changes in hematological and biochemical values. So, it was considered that experimental dose of 10 mg/kg to be non-toxic and 40 mg/kg body weight to be the toxic dose of acetamiprid in mice.

Chemical states of iron have been investigated by57Fe Mossbauer technique for the barks of Japanese cedar collected from urban and mountainous area of Japan. The Mossbauer spectra of all outer bark samples show two overlapping doublets and one sextet ascribable to paramagnetic ferrous, paramagnetic ferric and magnetic iron, respectively, whereas an inner bark sample consists only of the two doublets. The bark sample from urban area shows the higher relative amount of magnetic component and the smaller ferrous to ferric ratio. These features of iron species in the bark sample indicate that the bark sample can supply a more effective indicator of human activities than airborne particles collected directly by evacuation with an air sampler.

Introduction: The developmental needs and challenges of children with chronic illness are different from those of a normal childhood. Moreover, rare disease with no effective treatment option and poor prognosis is devastating for parents also. Case Report: This case report aims to present guided sustained adaptation of a child from India who was diagnosed as a case of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. The child and her parents were referred for psychological intervention in view of rare genetic disease to facilitate positive health. A detailed assessment and psychological intervention was done by trained clinical psychologist. Conclusion: The case

A space X that has the cohomology of the one-point union P2(n) 53n or Sn VS2n VS3n is said to have cohomology type (a, 0) . Here we construct examples of free Zp actions (p an odd prime) on certain of these spaces and give a complete description of possible fixed point sets.

The adsorption of phosphate ions on chromium metal powder from aqueous solutions of sodium dihydrogen phosphate labelled with 32P has been studied as a function of concentrative (10-3 to 10-6 mol l-1), temperature (303-323 K), and pH (3.5-10.6) of the adsorptive solution. The time for the equilibrium establishment was found to be about 4 hours and it is dependent on the solution acidity. The smooth and continuous growth of phosphate adsorption follows the first order kinetics and the rate constants are found to be of the order of 10-3 min-1. The results show that the adsorption in the system under study obeys the Freundlich isotherm. The increase in temperature from 303 K to 323 K does not effect the process markedly. The adsorption kinetics of phosphate ions is highly dependent on pH of the adsorptive solution. On the basis of the present data the nature and mechanism of the adsorption are discussed.

The adsorption property of cobalt metal powder for phosphate ions (using 32 P as radiotracer) in dilute aqueous solution has been investigated. The dependence of adsorption on time of contact, phosphate concentration, temperature and solution pH is established. Relative fraction of adsorption is found to increase with decreasing adsorptive concentration and a nearly complete adsorption (∼100%) is achieved at 10 −6 M solution. Over a wide range of concentrations (10 −2 M–10 −6 M), the applicability of the Freundlich isotherm is established. The process is apparently independent of temperature (303–318 K). At a concentration of 10 −6 M, adsorption is also found to be practically constant in the range of pH 3.5–9.0, followed by a decrease at higher pH. SEM results reveal that the surface coverage increases with an increase in phosphate concentration. The results indicate that the involved process is chemical in nature.

In this paper, we show that the fixed point set of Zp-actions, p an odd prime, on a finitistic space X of type (a, b) is non-empty, whenever b ≡ 0 (mod p). We also prove a similar result for circle group actions of finitistic spaces of (a, 0) type.

An extractive spectrophotometric procedure has been developed for the determination of palladium (II) at microgram levels. The palladium(II) chelate of 7-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulphonic acid is extracted into n-butanol. Extraction is maximal (95%) from 0.2M perchloric acid. Beer's law is valid at 430 nm over a wide range of palladium concentration from 2.5 ppm. The molar absorptivity is 958 1.mole−1.mm−1. The system can tolerate a large excess of Co(II), Ni(II), Rh(III), Pt(IV), Cr(III), W(VI), chloride, phosphate, citrate and tartrate. Small quantities of Ru(III), IR(III) and EDTA do not interfere, but serious interference is caused by Fe(III), V(V), Mo(VI) and Os(VIII).

The stepwise equilibria in the system copper(II)-nitroso- R -salt have been investigated spectrophotometrically at 25 ± 1°; the values obtained for log K 1 and log K 2 (μ = 0·1 M KNO 3 ) are 8·60 and 5·91, respectively. Molar absorptivities of the complex species CuL and CuL 2 (at 490 nm) are 487 and 12751. mole −1 mm −1 , respectively.

Let G be a compact Lie group. Then Borel-Segal-Quillen-Hsiang localization theorems are known for any G-space X where X is any compact Hausdorff space or a paracompact Hausdorff space of finite cohomology dimen- sion. The Conner conjecture proved by Oliver and its various generalizations by Skjelbred are also known for only these two classes of spaces. In this paper we extend all of these results for the equivariant category of all finitistic G-spaces. For the case when G = Zp or G = T (torus) some of these results were already proved by Bredon. 1. Introduction. The Borel-Segal-Quillen-Hsiang (10), (12) localization theorem states: Let X be a paracompact (always assumed Hausdorff) space and G a compact Lie group acting continuously on X with finitely many orbit types. Let X be of finite cohomological dimension over a coefficient ring A. Let S G H*(BG, A) be a multi- plicative system. Then the localized restriction homomorphism S ~ xHq(X, A) —* S~xHq(Xs, A) is an isomorphism. The Conner conjecture as proved by Ohver (11) states: Let X be a paracompact space and G a compact Lie group acting continuously on X with finitely many orbit types. Let A = Z,Zpor Q and assume that X is of finite cohomology dimension over A. Then if X is A-acyclic then so is X/ G. Both of the above results hold when X is compact Hausdorff even without the condition on number of orbit types and on the cohomology dimension of X. However, for paracompact spaces both of these conditions have been consistently and conveni- ently taken, not only in the above theorems and the results proved before them (7), but also in obtaining the generalized Conner conjecture as formulated and proved by Skjelbred (14). In all these cases one can easily see that the condition on number of orbit types is needed. But the condition on the cohomology dimension of X is not really needed except of course in the methods of proofs. Also it should be noted that the condition on the cohomology dimension of X is not, in contrast to the condition on number of orbit types, a condition on the transformation group (G, X). It depends on the coefficient ring. Naturally, therefore, one would like to substitute some condition on the transformation group, preferably a weaker one, in place of cohomology dimension of X to achieve the same results. The objective of this paper is to prove all of the above-mentioned theorems by substituting the 'Swan' condition (4, p. 133), as has been already done by Bredon (4, Chapters HI, VII) in proving several Smith-type theorems for Z^-actions and rr-actions. A