95 results on '"Teissier, S."'
Search Results
2. Identifying and characterizing chemical skin sensitizers without animal testing: Colipa’s research and method development program
- Author
-
Aeby, P., Ashikaga, T., Bessou-Touya, S., Schepky, A., Gerberick, F., Kern, P., Marrec-Fairley, M., Maxwell, G., Ovigne, J.-M., Sakaguchi, H., Reisinger, K., Tailhardat, M., Martinozzi-Teissier, S., and Winkler, P.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Création d’une équipe de coordination dédiée à la vaccination Covid-19 dans les communes isolées de Guyane
- Author
-
Jacoud, E., primary, Teissier, S., additional, Servas, V., additional, Papin, A., additional, Morandais, F., additional, Gras, F., additional, Michaud, C., additional, Gaillet, M., additional, Vignier, N., additional, and Epelboin, L., additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The E2F5 repressor is an activator of E6/E7 transcription and of the S-phase entry in HPV18-associated cells
- Author
-
Teissier, S, Pang, C L, and Thierry, F
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A functional interaction of E7 with B-Myb-MuvB complex promotes acute cooperative transcriptional activation of both S- and M-phase genes
- Author
-
Pang, C L, Toh, S Y, He, P, Teissier, S, Ben Khalifa, Y, Xue, Y, and Thierry, F
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Transfert sélectif de la racine C7 controlatérale pour la prise en charge des avulsions complètes post-traumatiques du plexus brachial
- Author
-
Camuzard, O., primary, Teissier, S., additional, and Balaguer, T., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Simultaneous assessment of nitrification and denitrification on freshwater epilithic biofilms by acetylene block method
- Author
-
Teissier, S and Torre, M
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Integrated testing strategy for skin sensitization assessment
- Author
-
Del Bufalo, A., primary, Piroird, C., additional, Nocairi, H., additional, Detroyer, A., additional, Eilstein, J., additional, Gomes, C., additional, Pauloin, T., additional, and Teissier, S., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Identifying the factors determining blooms of cyanobacteria in a set of shallow lakes
- Author
-
Descy, J.-P., primary, Leprieur, F., additional, Pirlot, S., additional, Leporcq, B., additional, Van Wichelen, J., additional, Peretyatko, A., additional, Teissier, S., additional, Codd, G.A., additional, Triest, L., additional, Vyverman, W., additional, and Wilmotte, A., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. The impact of sensitizing compounds on the interactions between epithelial cells and dendritic cells
- Author
-
Ouwehand, K., Teissier, S., Gibbs, S., McLeod, J., Roggen, E.L., Dermatology, and CCA - Immuno-pathogenesis
- Published
- 2011
11. The Activation of Dendritic Cell Event in the Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitization addressed by U-SENS™
- Author
-
Piroird, C., primary, Ovigne, J.M., additional, Rousset, F., additional, Teissier, S. Martinozzi, additional, Gomes, C., additional, Cotovio, J., additional, Alepee, N., additional, and Leblanc, V., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Biofilms and their role in river functions
- Author
-
Garabetian, Frédéric, Boulêtreau, S., Delmas, François, Lyautey, E., Morin, Soizic, Paule, Armelle, Rols, J.L., Teissier, S., UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Réseaux épuration et qualité des eaux (UR REBX), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
National audience; Des biofilms phototrophes complexes (multi espèces) se développent dans certains tronçons de rivière. Ils participent au fonctionnement de la rivière et peuvent être utilisés comme bioindicateurs pour la gestion des cours d'eau.
- Published
- 2009
13. Forêts de protection contre les aléas naturels. Diagnostics et stratégies
- Author
-
Rey, F., Ladier, Jean, Hurand, A., Berger, F., Calès, G., Simon-Teissier, S., and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,ALPES DU SUD ,ALEAS NATURELS - Abstract
Où, quand et comment intervenir sur les forêts de protection contre les aléas naturels ? Ce guide propose des méthodologies appliquées aux Alpes du Sud françaises. Elles peuvent être transposées aux peuplements forestiers des Alpes du Nord ou des Pyrénées ainsi qu'aux milieux non forestiers. L'érosion superficielle est le principal aléa concerné sans oublier les phénomènes de crues torrentielles, de glissements de terrain, de chutes de blocs et d'avalanches. Les essences forestières traitées sont le pin noir d'Autriche, le pin sylvestre, le pin à crochets, le mélèze d'Europe, le sapin pectiné, le hêtre et le chêne pubescent. Des règles d'intervention sont déclinées par aléa et par type de formation végétale. Ce guide traite également la gestion des landes, des pelouses et des terrains peu végétalisés ou minéraux. Il est destiné à tout gestionnaire chargé de la gestion de forêts de protection contre les aléas naturels. Il s'adresse en particulier aux aménageurs des différents peuplements forestiers.
- Published
- 2009
14. A mass-balance approach to estimate in-stream processes in alarge river
- Author
-
Teissier, S., sabine sauvage, Philippe. Vervier, Garabétian, F., Sanchez-Pérez, J. M., Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
- Subjects
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2008
15. Guide des Sylvicultures de Montagne pour les Alpes du Sud françaises. 1. Gestion des forêts à rôle de protection contre les aléas naturels
- Author
-
Ladier, Jean, Rey, F., Calès, G., Simon-Teissier, S., Quesney, T., and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,ALPES FRANCAISES ,ALPES DU SUD - Abstract
Le guide des sylvicultures de montagne pour les Alpes du Sud françaises a vocation à regrouper sous forme de fiches techniques synthétiques l'ensemble des informations disponibles dans les guides de sylviculture des différentes essences, en les actualisant au vu des informations plus récentes et de l'expérience acquise. Il élargit également les problématiques de la sylviculture pour une meilleure appréhension de la multifonctionnalité des forêts en intégrant notamment les résultats de la recherche concernant le rôle de protection des formations végétales. En zone de montagne, la forêt peut, en effet, être considérée comme un ouvrage de protection contre les risques naturels ; lorsqu'elle intervient en complément d'ouvrages de génie civil, la prise en compte des peuplements forestiers permet de limiter significativement les coûts globaux de mise en sécurité des enjeux. Le rôle de protection des formations végétales doit donc toujours être intégré dans les choix de gestion ou les interventions à réaliser. De fait, une grande part des forêts des Alpes du Sud est héritée de la RTM. De nombreux peuplements de première génération doivent maintenant être renouvelés et il est nécessaire de pérenniser leur fonction de protection à moindre coût. C'est la motivation de ce premier volet du « Guide des Sylvicultures de Montagne pour les Alpes du Sud françaises ». Le second volet du guide sera consacré aux autres fonctions de la forêt, au premier rang desquelles se place la production de bois. L'utilisateur sera orienté dans sa démarche par deux types de considérations : d'une part la présence simultanée d'aléas naturels et d'enjeux plus ou moins éloignés, d'autre part la possibilité de mobilisation significative de produits ligneux.
- Published
- 2008
16. Forests and erosion in torrential watersheds
- Author
-
Rey, F., Chenost, C., Simon-Teissier, S., Ecosystèmes montagnards (UR EMGR), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF), Office National des Forêts (ONF), and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
This paper proposes a methodology to assess the question of the management of forests for erosion control. Firstly, it explains how operational problems and issues led to carry out investigations in the field of the renewal dynamics of forests. In particular, studies have been realised on the regeneration of Austrian black pine and mountain pine. Therefore strategies for the management of forests for erosion control are proposed. They concern the assessment of the forest characteristics, the one of the influence of forests and vegetation on erosion control, and the priorities and rules for intervention., Cet article propose une démarche globale pour traiter la question de la gestion des forêts à rôle de protection contre l'érosion en montagne, notamment dans les Alpes du Sud françaises. Il expose en quoi la prise en compte de cette problématique peut amener à réaliser des recherches pour une meilleure compréhension de la dynamique de renouvellement des forêts. Des études ont notamment été menées sur la régénération des peuplements de pin noir d'Autriche et de pin à crochets. Des orientations pour une gestion économe de ces forêts sont alors proposées. Elles concernent le diagnostic de l'état des peuplements forestiers, celui de l'efficacité de la forêt et de la végétation dans la protection contre l'érosion, ainsi que des préconisations d'interventions sous la forme de priorités et de règles de gestion.
- Published
- 2006
17. Les biofilms épilithiques, témoins du niveau d'enrichissement de la Garonne
- Author
-
Garabetian, Frédéric, Delmas, François, Othoniel, C., Teissier, S., Lyautey, E., and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,GARONNE COURS D'EAU - Abstract
Convenant que dans une rivière à forte énergie du type de la Garonne, c'était bien au niveau de la biomasse fixée qu'il fallait rechercher et repérer des signes de dysfonctionnement du système, nous nous sommes focalisés sur les paramètres dynamiques de la croissance de ces biofilms.
- Published
- 2005
18. Integrated water management of the river-pond system of the Woluwe urban catchment: groundwater discharge simulation and ecological indicators
- Author
-
Batelaan, Okke, Peretyatko, A., Rimaviciute, Erika, Teissier, S., Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, and Vrije Universiteit Brussel
- Published
- 2004
19. Contribution des sédiments aux flux azotés en cours d'eau, activités de nitrification et dénitrification : approches méthodologiques
- Author
-
Teissier, S., Torre, M., and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Microbial processes are very active and diverse in sediment and are one of the main driving force for sediment evolution. The nitrogen cycle enlights these mechanisms on a methodological point of view (in situ measurement) and as a biological model for studying anthropic disturbances., Les processus microbiens, particulièrement actifs et diversifiés en sédiment, sont un des principaux moteurs de l'évolution des sédiments. Le cycle de l'azote illustre ici ces mécanismes à la fois sous un angle méthodologique de mesure in situ et en tant que modèle d'étude de perturbations anthropiques.
- Published
- 2003
20. Les évolutions dans l'élaboration des aménagements en forêt publique
- Author
-
Simon-Teissier, S. and Service irevues, irevues
- Subjects
FORET PUBLIQUE ,AMENAGEMENT FORESTIER ,GESTION DURABLE ,[SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry ,HISTORIQUE - Published
- 2002
21. Bilan des transformations de l'azote en rivière : développements méthodologiques de la mesure des flux d'interface et applications (sédiments, biofilms épilithiques de la Garonne)
- Author
-
Teissier, S. and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,thesis ,FRANCE ,thèse - Abstract
The study of nitrogen transformations, as assimilation capacity and self-purification characteristics of the hydrosystems, involves the identification and the measurement of particular and interdependent microbial processes (nitrification - denitrification coupling,...) which are generally located at the sediment-water interface. By using benthic chambers in various hydrosystems (marsh of Bourgneuf, rivers Eau Bourde, Charente_) we were able: - to measure, in the water column, the uptake-release of ammonium, nitrite or nitrate fluxes by the sediment, ranging from -14 to 72 mg N-NH4+/m2/h and from -46 to 7 mg N-NO3-/m2/h, - to quantify nitrification and denitrification rates using an acetylene injection at the mid-incubation time. Applied to the epilithic biofilms, in the river Garonne, using closed incubation systems, this experimental approach provides fluxes ranging from -3 to 5 mg N-NH4+/m2/h and from -15 to 4 mg N-NO3-/m2/h. Averaged fluxes for day and night periods were taken as source / sink terms for each mesh of a nitrogen transport model (Sauvage, 1999). Calculated values did not fit with measured concentrations suggesting that such activities are insufficient to explain the evolutions of NH4+ and NO3- at the reach scale. As concerns river biofilms, we noted, downstream of an urban discharge, a modification of the community functioning. This may be due to the settlement of a nitrifying community attested by high nitrification rates (up to 8 mg N/m2/h) associated with maxima of total denitrification (17 mg N/m2/h). This flux approach enabled us to characterized the whole functioning dynamics of the biofilms on the basis of a budget of mineral nitrogen. A nitrogen gain is interpreted as a growth and a loss as a mineralisation, by the biofilm of endogenous or exogenous organic nitrogen., L'étude des transformations de l'azote, comme caractéristiques des capacités d'assimilation et d'autoépuration des hydrosystèmes, passe par l'identification et la mesure de processus microbiens particuliers souvent interdépendants (couplage nitrification - dénitrification,_) qui se localisent généralement à l'interface eau sédiment. L'emploi d'enceintes benthiques dans divers hydrosystèmes (marais de Bourgneuf, rivières Eau Bourde, Charente_) nous a permis : - de mesurer depuis la colonne d'eau des flux d'absorption-relargage par le sédiment, d'ammonium, de nitrites ou de nitrates variant de -14 à 72 mg N-NH4+/m2/h et de -46 à 7 mg N-NO3-/m2/h, - de quantifier des activités de nitrification et de dénitrification par l'injection d'acétylène en milieu d'incubation. Appliquée aux biofilms épilithiques, à l'aide de systèmes d'incubation clos, cette approche expérimentale fournit, en Garonne des flux d'interface variant de -3 à 5 mg N-NH4+/m2/h et de -15 à 4 mg N-NO3-/m2/h. Ces flux moyennés pour les périodes de jour et de nuit définissent des termes de source ou de puits pour chaque maille d'un modèle de transport de l'azote (Sauvage, 1999). Les simulations montrent que la seule prise en compte de telles activités ne suffit pas à expliquer l'évolution des concentrations en NH4+ et NO3- sur le tronçon modélisé. Concernant la physiologie des biofilms en rivière, cette démarche nous a permis de : - constater une modification du fonctionnement de la communauté, à l'aval de rejets urbains, due à l'implantation d'une microflore nitrifiante révélée par une activité de nitrification élevée (jusqu'à 8 mg N/m2/h) associée à des maxima de dénitrification totale (17 mg N/m2/h), - caractériser la dynamique de fonctionnement sur la base d'un bilan des formes minérales de l'azote. Un gain d'azote est interprété comme une croissance, une perte comme une minéralisation, par le biofilm, d'azote organique endogène ou exogène.
- Published
- 2001
22. Les transformations de l'azote dans les biofilms de rivière
- Author
-
Teissier, S., Torre, M., Rols, J.L., Garabetian, Frédéric, and Irstea Publications, Migration
- Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences ,GARONNE COURS D'EAU - Abstract
Certains hydrosystèmes, dont la rivière Garonne, sont caractérisés par une production algale essentiellement benthique sous forme de biofilms colonisant des substrats solides. Ces biofilms représentent un modèle d'agrégat biologique complexe adapté à l'étude de la régulation du cycle de l'azote et dont le fonctionnement est facilement mesurable à l'échelle de la communauté. Ceci est plus particulièrement vrai en ce qui concerne la nitrification.
- Published
- 2001
23. GIS ECOBAG : Programme P1 Hydro-écologie du fleuve Garonne à l'étiage : évaluation de la capacité d'assimilation de l'hydrosystème Garonne à l'étiage, contribution à sa modélisation hydro-écologique
- Author
-
Delmas, François, Ameziane, T., Beuffe, Henri, Dalger, D., Dauta, A., Garabetian, Frédéric, Sauvage, S., Teissier, S., Torre, M., Vervier, P., Qualité des eaux (UR QEBX), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), CESAC, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institut de mécanique des fluides de Toulouse (IMFT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and irstea
- Subjects
CEMAGREF ,QEBX ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,ECOBAG ,ENSAT ,IMF ,GARONNE COURS D'EAU - Abstract
The report describes the step and the first results of a research program initiated by GIS ECOBAG concerning the hydro-ecology of the Garonne river at the low-water level. The aim is to improve knowledge and create tools for the river management. The work done in 1995/96 aimed to: point out the functions of the different parts of the river (biofilm, underflow, phytoplankton...) and the various geomorphologic shapes ; obtain and collect , then process bathymetric and morphometric datas on a computer for a hydrodynamic and biogeochimic modelling of the Garonne at low-water levels, final aim of the work ; begin to work with those models ; study spatial and temporal dynamic of the fish communities according to the hydrologic constraints and water quality. Finally, the previsional program for 1997 is described.; Le présent rapport expose la démarche et les premiers résultats d'un programme de recherche initié sous l'égide du GIS ECOBAG et portant sur l'hydro-écologie de la Garonne à l'étiage, dans un but d'acquisition de connaissances et de création d'outils utilisables pour appuyer la gestion de ce fleuve. Les travaux réalisés lors de cette première phase 95/96 ont visé à : préciser les rôles fonctionnels de différents compartiments de l'hydrosystème (biofilms, sous-écoulement, phytoplancton...) et de différents faciès de rivière (radiers, mouilles, bancs de molasse) ; acquérir ou récupérer, puis organiser sur support informatique un référentiel de données morphométriques et bathymétriques nécessaires à la modélisation hydrodynamique et biogéochimique à l'étiage du fleuve Garonne, objectif final du programme ; commencer le travail sur ces modèles, étudier la dynamique spatiale et temporelle des peuplements piscicoles en fonction des contraintes hydrologiques et de qualité des eaux auxquelles ils sont soumis. Enfin, une description du programme prévisionnel 1997 a été effectuée.
- Published
- 1999
24. A functional interaction of E7 with B-Myb-MuvB complex promotes acute cooperative transcriptional activation of both S- and M-phase genes. (129 c)
- Author
-
Pang, C L, primary, Toh, S Y, additional, He, P, additional, Teissier, S, additional, Ben Khalifa, Y, additional, Xue, Y, additional, and Thierry, F, additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Role of the hyporheic heterotrophic biofilm on transformation and toxicity of pesticides
- Author
-
Sánchez-Pérez, J.M., primary, Montuelle, B., additional, Mouchet, F., additional, Gauthier, L., additional, Julien, F., additional, Sauvage, S., additional, Teissier, S., additional, Dedieu, K., additional, Destrieux, D., additional, Vervier, P., additional, and Gerino, M., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The Colipa strategy for the development and evaluation of novel alternative methods for the identification of skin sensitizers
- Author
-
Aeby, P., primary, Ashikaga, T., additional, Bessou-Touya, S., additional, Schepky, A., additional, Gerberick, F., additional, Kern, P., additional, Marrec-Fairley, M., additional, Maxwell, G., additional, Ovigne, J.M., additional, Sakaguchi, H., additional, Reisinger, K., additional, Tailhardat, M., additional, Teissier, S., additional, and Winkler, P., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A standardised method for measuring in situ denitrification in shallow aquifers: numerical validation and measurements in riparian wetlands
- Author
-
Sánchez-Pérez, J. M., primary, Bouey, C., additional, Sauvage, S., additional, Teissier, S., additional, Antiguedad, I., additional, and Vervier, P., additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Bacterial diversity of epilithic biofilm assemblages of an anthropised river section, assessed by DGGE analysis of a 16S rDNA fragment
- Author
-
Lyautey, E, primary, Teissier, S, additional, Charcosset, JY, additional, Rols, JL, additional, and Garabétian, F, additional
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. A numerical tool to integrate biophysical diversity of a large regulated river: hydrobiogeochemical bases. The case of the Garonne River (France)
- Author
-
Sauvage, S., primary, Teissier, S., additional, Vervier, P., additional, Améziane, T., additional, Garabétian, F., additional, Delmas, F., additional, and Caussade, B., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Impact of an urban centre on the nitrogen cycle processes of epilithic biofilms during a summer low-water period
- Author
-
Teissier, S., primary, Garabetian, F., additional, Torre, M., additional, Dalger, D., additional, and Labroue, L., additional
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. A numerical tool to integrate biophysical diversity of a large regulated river: hydrobiogeochemical bases. The case of the Garonne River (France).
- Author
-
Sauvage, S., Teissier, S., Vervier, P., Améziane, T., Garabétian, F., Delmas, F., and Caussade, B.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Ethical Management of COVID-19 Pandemic at a Neurological Hospital: The Ethicovid Report.
- Author
-
Engrand N, Sene T, Caputo G, Sabben C, Gregoire C, Blanc R, Aldea S, Chauvet D, Vo-Thanh S, Teissier S, Versace N, Rohou L, Piotin M, and Gueguen A
- Subjects
- Humans, Pandemics, Emergencies, Intensive Care Units, Hospitals, COVID-19
- Abstract
Background: During the first wave of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it was necessary to prepare for the possibility of triaging patients who could benefit from access to an intensive care unit (ICU). In our neuroscience institution, the challenge was to continue to manage usual neurological emergencies as well as the influx of COVID-19 patients., Methods: We report the experience of an ethical consulting unit to support care clinical decisions during the first wave of the pandemic (March 16 to April 30, 2020). Three objective evaluation criteria were defined: 2 of these criteria, patient's factors and general disease severity (Simplified Acute Physiology Score II), were common to all patients, and the third was the specific severity of the disease (neurological for brain injury, respiratory for COVID-19). Given our scarce resources, we used a high probability of a 3-month modified Rankin Scale ≤3 as the criterion for further resuscitation and management., Results: A total of 295 patients were admitted during the first pandemic wave; 111 with COVID-19 and 184 with neurological emergencies. The ethical unit's expertise was sought for 75 clinical situations in 56 patients (35 COVID-19 and 21 neurological). Decisions were as follows: 11% no limitation on care, 5% expectant care with reassessment (maximum therapy to assess possible progress pending decision), 67% partial limitation (no intensification of care or no transfer to ICU), and 17% limitation of curative care. At no time did a lack of availability of ICU beds require the ethical unit to advise against admission to the ICU., Conclusions: Our ethical consulting unit allowed for collegial ethical decision-making in line with international recommendations. This model could be easily transferred to other triage situations, provided it is adapted to the local context., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. The Thumb Test: A Simple Physical Examination Maneuver for the Diagnosis of Symptomatic Posterior Shoulder Instability.
- Author
-
Boileau P, Van Steyn PM, Czarnecki M, Teissier S, Gasbarro G, and Galvin JW
- Abstract
Posterior shoulder instability is becoming increasingly recognized in young active patient populations. Diagnosing posterior instability can be challenging because patients commonly present with a complaint of pain without a history of a dislocation or subluxation event. Additionally, a posterior labral tear is not always clearly visualized on advanced imaging studies. As such, physical examination is critical to the diagnosis. We report a simple physical examination maneuver for the diagnosis of symptomatic posterior shoulder instability. The thumb test attempts to replicate a posterior bone block procedure, helping to re-establish stability and relieve pain. The examiner places his or her thumb over the posterior glenohumeral joint line while the patient actively forward elevates the affected arm overhead. Improvement in pain and stability with this maneuver is diagnostic for symptomatic posterior shoulder instability. This test augments current physical examination maneuvers to assist with correctly diagnosing posterior shoulder instability., (© 2022 The Authors.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. COVID-19 epidemic in remote areas of the French Amazon, March 2020 to May 2021: Another reality.
- Author
-
Epelboin L, Succo T, Michaud C, Oberlis M, Bidaud B, Naudion P, Dudognon L, Fernandes C, Cochet C, Caspar C, Jacoud E, Teissier S, Douine M, Rousset D, Flamand C, Djossou F, Nacher M, Rousseau C, Vignier N, and Gaillet M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Brazil, Europe, French Guiana epidemiology, Humans, COVID-19 epidemiology, Epidemics
- Abstract
Background: French Guiana (FG) is an ultra-peripheral European region in the Amazon, and the COVID-19 epidemic has had very different kinetics from both its giant neighbors, Brazil or mainland France., Methods: This study summarized the epidemics of COVID-19 in FG., Results: The tropical climate, multiethnicity, and remoteness of the population forced healthcare providers to accordingly adapt the management of the epidemic. Incidence and mortality have been lower than that in Europe and Latin America due to a combination of prevalence of the youth in the population and highly developed healthcare system., Conclusions: Currently, vaccine hesitancy hinders the rapid expansion of vaccine coverage.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Microphysiological heart-liver body-on-a-chip system with a skin mimic for evaluating topical drug delivery.
- Author
-
Pires de Mello CP, Carmona-Moran C, McAleer CW, Perez J, Coln EA, Long CJ, Oleaga C, Riu A, Note R, Teissier S, Langer J, and Hickman JJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Liver metabolism, Skin metabolism, Skin Absorption, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, Pharmaceutical Preparations metabolism
- Abstract
Body-on-a-chip in vitro systems are a promising technology that aims to increase the predictive power of drug efficacy and toxicity in humans when compared to traditional animal models. Here, we developed a new heart-liver body-on-a-chip system with a skin surrogate to assess the toxicity of drugs that are topically administered. In order to test the utility of the system, diclofenac, ketoconazole, hydrocortisone and acetaminophen were applied topically through a synthetic skin surrogate (Strat-M membrane) and the toxicity results were compared to those of acute drug exposure from systemically applying the compounds. The heart-liver system was successful in predicting the effects for both cardiac and liver functions changes due to the compounds. The difference in the concentrations of drugs applied topically compared to systemically indicates that the barrier properties of the skin surrogate were efficient. One important advantage of this heart-liver system was the capability of showing differential effects of acute and chronic drug exposure which is necessary as part of the International Conference in Harmonisation (ICH) tri-partate guidelines. In conclusion, this work indicates a promising heart-liver body-on-a-chip system that can be used for the assessment of potential drug toxicity from dermal absorption as well as evaluate transport dynamics through the skin in the same system.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Assessment of a defined approach based on a stacking prediction model to identify skin sensitization hazard.
- Author
-
Tourneix F, Alépée N, Detroyer A, Eilstein J, Martinozzi Teissier S, Nardelli L, Noçairi H, Pauloin T, Piroird C, and Del Bufalo A
- Subjects
- Animal Testing Alternatives, Computer Simulation, Databases, Factual, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact, Humans, Haptens toxicity, Models, Biological
- Abstract
Skin sensitization is an important toxicological endpoint in the safety assessment of chemicals and cosmetic ingredients. Driven by ethical considerations and European Union (EU) legislation, its assessment has progressed from the reliance on traditional animal models to the use of non-animal test methods. It is generally accepted that the assessment of skin sensitization requires the integration of various non-animal test methods in defined approaches (DAs), to cover the mechanistic key events of the adverse outcomes pathway (AOP) (OECD, 2014). Several case studies for DAs predicting skin sensitization hazard or potency have been submitted to the OECD, including a stacking meta-model developed by L'Oréal Research & Innovation (OECD, 2017b; Del Bufalo et al., 2018; Noçairi et al., 2016). The present study evaluated the predictive performance of the defined approach integrating a stacking meta-model incorporating in silico, in chemico and in vitro assays, using the Cosmetics Europe (CE) skin sensitization database. Based on the optimized prediction cut-offs, the defined approach provided a hazard prediction for 97 chemicals with a sensitivity of 91%, a specificity of 76% and accuracy of 86% (kappa of 0.67) against human skin sensitization hazard data and a sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 91% and accuracy of 87% (kappa of 0.67) against Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) hazard data. A comparison of the in vivo LLNA with human hazard data for the same 97 chemicals showed a sensitivity of 92%, specificity of 51% and accuracy of 78% (kappa of 0.48). Thus, the defined approach showed a higher degree of concordance, as compared to the LLNA for predicting human skin sensitization hazard. Moreover, a comparison with the six DAs selected for evaluation of their predictivity in the study by Kleinstreuer et al. (2018) showed a similar high accuracy of 86% for 97 overlapping chemicals. The next step will be an independent evaluation of the DA for its integration in the performances based test guidelines (PBTG) for skin sensitization., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Long-Term Electrical and Mechanical Function Monitoring of a Human-on-a-Chip System.
- Author
-
Oleaga C, Lavado A, Riu A, Rothemund S, Carmona-Moran CA, Persaud K, Yurko A, Lear J, Narasimhan NS, Long CJ, Sommerhage F, Bridges LR, Cai Y, Martin C, Schnepper MT, Goswami A, Note R, Langer J, Teissier S, Cotovio J, and Hickman JJ
- Abstract
The goal of human-on-a-chip systems is to capture multi-organ complexity and predict the human response to compounds within physiologically relevant platforms. The generation and characterization of such systems is currently a focal point of research given the long-standing inadequacies of conventional techniques for predicting human outcome. Functional systems can measure and quantify key cellular mechanisms that correlate with the physiological status of a tissue, and can be used to evaluate therapeutic challenges utilizing many of the same endpoints used in animal experiments or clinical trials. Culturing multiple organ compartments in a platform creates a more physiologic environment (organ-organ communication). Here is reported a human 4-organ system composed of heart, liver, skeletal muscle and nervous system modules that maintains cellular viability and function over 28 days in serum-free conditions using a pumpless system. The integration of non-invasive electrical evaluation of neurons and cardiac cells and mechanical determination of cardiac and skeletal muscle contraction allows the monitoring of cellular function especially for chronic toxicity studies in vitro . The 28 day period is the minimum timeframe for animal studies to evaluate repeat dose toxicity. This technology could be a relevant alternative to animal testing by monitoring multi-organ function upon long term chemical exposure., Competing Interests: Disclosure of Potential Conflict of Interest The authors confirm that competing financial interests exist but there has been no financial support for this research that could have influenced its outcome. However, JJH and MLS have a potential competing financial interest, in that a company has been formed to market services for types of cells like this in body-on-a-chip devices.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Impact of an awareness of the doctors treating on the decrease of the prescriptions of antipsychotics in the demented residents in Ehpad.
- Author
-
Philippe AS, Braunstein D, Clot-Faybesse P, Teissier S, Roch B, Micallef J, and Bonin-Guillaume S
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Drug Therapy, Combination, Drug Utilization, Female, France, General Practitioners, Humans, Male, Nursing Homes, Prospective Studies, Antipsychotic Agents therapeutic use, Dementia drug therapy, Drug Prescriptions statistics & numerical data, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
- Abstract
Background: Despite the context of several national warnings, antipsychotics drugs are commonly used to treat behavioural and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD)., Aim: To observe a decrease of antipsychotic drug prescription, in old NH (nursing homes) residents with dementia, after an awareness of their general practitioner., Methods: Observational, prospective, multicenter study. The study population corresponds to NH residents with dementia, and antipsychotic drug consumption, in nursing homes volunteered to participate. Awareness-raising is carried out through information documents. The evaluation criteria is the proportion of residents under antipsychotics after sensitization., Results: out of the 30 nursing homes included, 26.7% of the patients were prescribed at least one antipsychotic and 15% were both demented and under antipsychotics. A total of 317 residents with dementia and antipsychotics were included 15% of the total NH population. Psychotropic drug co-prescriptions was very frequent 43.2% also used benzodiazepines, 37.2% anxiolytics and 33.1% antidepressants. Agitation, aggressiveness, opposition to care and wandering were the most commonly BPSD encountered. After a first sensitization, we obtained a 15.5% decrease of antipsychotic prescriptions., Conclusion: A personalized sensitization towards GP allowed a reduction of antipsychotic drugs prescription in NH residents with dementia and BPSD.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Investigation of the effect of hepatic metabolism on off-target cardiotoxicity in a multi-organ human-on-a-chip system.
- Author
-
Oleaga C, Riu A, Rothemund S, Lavado A, McAleer CW, Long CJ, Persaud K, Narasimhan NS, Tran M, Roles J, Carmona-Moran CA, Sasserath T, Elbrecht DH, Kumanchik L, Bridges LR, Martin C, Schnepper MT, Ekman G, Jackson M, Wang YI, Note R, Langer J, Teissier S, and Hickman JJ
- Subjects
- Cardiotoxicity etiology, Cell Line, Cells, Cultured, Coculture Techniques instrumentation, Cyclophosphamide metabolism, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical instrumentation, Equipment Design, Hepatocytes cytology, Hepatocytes metabolism, Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating metabolism, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents metabolism, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells cytology, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells drug effects, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells metabolism, Myocytes, Cardiac cytology, Myocytes, Cardiac metabolism, Terfenadine metabolism, Cyclophosphamide toxicity, Hepatocytes drug effects, Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating toxicity, Immunosuppressive Agents toxicity, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, Myocytes, Cardiac drug effects, Terfenadine toxicity
- Abstract
Regulation of cosmetic testing and poor predictivity of preclinical drug studies has spurred efforts to develop new methods for systemic toxicity. Current in vitro assays do not fully represent physiology, often lacking xenobiotic metabolism. Functional human multi-organ systems containing iPSC derived cardiomyocytes and primary hepatocytes were maintained under flow using a low-volume pumpless system in a serum-free medium. The functional readouts for contractile force and electrical conductivity enabled the non-invasive study of cardiac function. The presence of the hepatocytes in the system induced cardiotoxic effects from cyclophosphamide and reduced them for terfenadine due to drug metabolism, as expected from each compound's pharmacology. A computational fluid dynamics simulation enabled the prediction of terfenadine-fexofenadine pharmacokinetics, which was validated by HPLC-MS. This in vitro platform recapitulates primary aspects of the in vivo crosstalk between heart and liver and enables pharmacological studies, involving both organs in a single in vitro platform. The system enables non-invasive readouts of cardiotoxicity of drugs and their metabolites. Hepatotoxicity can also be evaluated by biomarker analysis and change in metabolic function. Integration of metabolic function in toxicology models can improve adverse effects prediction in preclinical studies and this system could also be used for chronic studies as well., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. [Study of satisfaction concerning the navel after abdominal dermolipectomy with transposition: A report of 96 cases].
- Author
-
Merle R, Serror K, Marco O, Chaouat M, Teissier S, Mimoun M, and Boccara D
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Retrospective Studies, Self Report, Lipoabdominoplasty methods, Patient Satisfaction, Umbilicus surgery
- Abstract
Goal of the Study: The umbilicus has a major role in the aesthetics of the anterior abdominal wall. Many publications deal with abdominal dermolipectomies but few focus on umbilicoplasty. However, these are essential in assessing the aesthetic result. Umbilicoplasty in "aile de mouette" used in our service is reliable and easily reproducible. In this article, we evaluate the satisfaction of patients with abdominal dermolipectomy with this technique of transposition., Materials and Method: In the plastic surgery department of the Saint-Louis Hospital in Paris, we carried out a retrospective study of patients undergoing abdominal dermolipectomy with transposition of the umbilicus, between 1 January 2012 and 31 December 2012. All patients were operated according to our technique of umbilicoplasty: disinsertion of the umbilicus in V, reinsertion of the umbilic in "aile de mouette", a degreasing periumbilical associated with a plication of the umbilical stem. The complications identified in patients medical records and satisfaction were assessed by a telephone questionnaire., Results: Ninety-six patients were included. No patient presented umbilical necrosis. The overall result of umbilical transposition was considered good to excellent for 92.7% of patients., Conclusion: Umbilicoplasty in gull wing has many advantages: it is a simple, easily reproducible, reliable technique, the patients of which are for the most part very satisfied., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Non-animal methods to predict skin sensitization (I): the Cosmetics Europe database<sup/>.
- Author
-
Hoffmann S, Kleinstreuer N, Alépée N, Allen D, Api AM, Ashikaga T, Clouet E, Cluzel M, Desprez B, Gellatly N, Goebel C, Kern PS, Klaric M, Kühnl J, Lalko JF, Martinozzi-Teissier S, Mewes K, Miyazawa M, Parakhia R, van Vliet E, Zang Q, and Petersohn D
- Subjects
- Animal Testing Alternatives methods, Cosmetics pharmacology, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Humans, Skin drug effects, Cosmetics adverse effects, Databases, Factual, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact immunology, Skin immunology
- Abstract
Cosmetics Europe, the European Trade Association for the cosmetics and personal care industry, is conducting a multi-phase program to develop regulatory accepted, animal-free testing strategies enabling the cosmetics industry to conduct safety assessments. Based on a systematic evaluation of test methods for skin sensitization, five non-animal test methods (DPRA (Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay), KeratinoSens
TM , h-CLAT (human cell line activation test), U-SENSTM , SENS-IS) were selected for inclusion in a comprehensive database of 128 substances. Existing data were compiled and completed with newly generated data, the latter amounting to one-third of all data. The database was complemented with human and local lymph node assay (LLNA) reference data, physicochemical properties and use categories, and thoroughly curated. Focused on the availability of human data, the substance selection resulted nevertheless resulted in a high diversity of chemistries in terms of physico-chemical property ranges and use categories. Predictivities of skin sensitization potential and potency, where applicable, were calculated for the LLNA as compared to human data and for the individual test methods compared to both human and LLNA reference data. In addition, various aspects of applicability of the test methods were analyzed. Due to its high level of curation, comprehensiveness, and completeness, we propose our database as a point of reference for the evaluation and development of testing strategies, as done for example in the associated work of Kleinstreuer et al. We encourage the community to use it to meet the challenge of conducting skin sensitization safety assessment without generating new animal data.- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Non-animal methods to predict skin sensitization (II): an assessment of defined approaches * .
- Author
-
Kleinstreuer NC, Hoffmann S, Alépée N, Allen D, Ashikaga T, Casey W, Clouet E, Cluzel M, Desprez B, Gellatly N, Göbel C, Kern PS, Klaric M, Kühnl J, Martinozzi-Teissier S, Mewes K, Miyazawa M, Strickland J, van Vliet E, Zang Q, and Petersohn D
- Subjects
- Animals, Cosmetics pharmacology, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Humans, Mice, Skin drug effects, Animal Testing Alternatives methods, Computational Biology methods, Computer Simulation, Cosmetics adverse effects, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact immunology, Skin immunology
- Abstract
Skin sensitization is a toxicity endpoint of widespread concern, for which the mechanistic understanding and concurrent necessity for non-animal testing approaches have evolved to a critical juncture, with many available options for predicting sensitization without using animals. Cosmetics Europe and the National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods collaborated to analyze the performance of multiple non-animal data integration approaches for the skin sensitization safety assessment of cosmetics ingredients. The Cosmetics Europe Skin Tolerance Task Force (STTF) collected and generated data on 128 substances in multiple in vitro and in chemico skin sensitization assays selected based on a systematic assessment by the STTF. These assays, together with certain in silico predictions, are key components of various non-animal testing strategies that have been submitted to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development as case studies for skin sensitization. Curated murine local lymph node assay (LLNA) and human skin sensitization data were used to evaluate the performance of six defined approaches, comprising eight non-animal testing strategies, for both hazard and potency characterization. Defined approaches examined included consensus methods, artificial neural networks, support vector machine models, Bayesian networks, and decision trees, most of which were reproduced using open source software tools. Multiple non-animal testing strategies incorporating in vitro, in chemico, and in silico inputs demonstrated equivalent or superior performance to the LLNA when compared to both animal and human data for skin sensitization.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. State-of-the-art and new options to assess T cell activation by skin sensitizers: Cosmetics Europe Workshop.
- Author
-
van Vliet E, Kühnl J, Goebel C, Martinozzi-Teissier S, Alépée N, Ashikaga T, Blömeke B, Del Bufalo A, Cluzel M, Corsini E, Delrue N, Desprez B, Gellatly N, Giese C, Gribaldo L, Hoffmann S, Klaric M, Maillere B, Naisbitt D, Pallardy M, Vocanson M, and Petersohn D
- Subjects
- Adverse Outcome Pathways, Consumer Product Safety, Humans, In Vitro Techniques methods, In Vitro Techniques standards, Skin drug effects, Skin Tests standards, Skin Tests trends, Allergens analysis, Biological Assay, Cosmetics analysis, Lymphocyte Activation drug effects, T-Lymphocytes
- Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the development and validation of non-animal test methods for skin sensitization assessment. At present, three of the four key events of the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) are assessable by OECD-accepted in vitro methods. The fourth key event describes the immunological response in the draining lymph node where activated dendritic cells present major histocompatibility complex-bound chemically modified peptides to naive T cells, thereby priming the proliferation of antigen-specific T cells. Despite substantial efforts, modelling and assessing this adaptive immune response to sensitizers with in vitro T cell assays still represents a challenge. The Cosmetics Europe Skin Tolerance Task Force organized a workshop, bringing together academic researchers, method developers, industry representatives and regulatory stakeholders to review the scientific status of T cell-based assays, foster a mutual scientific understanding and conceive new options to assess T cell activation. Participants agreed that current T cell assays have come a long way in predicting immunogenicity, but that further investment and collaboration is required to simplify assays, optimize their sensitivity, better define human donor-to-donor variability and evaluate their value to predict sensitizer potency. Furthermore, the potential role of T cell assays in AOP-based testing strategies and subsequent safety assessment concepts for cosmetic ingredients was discussed. It was agreed that it is currently difficult to anticipate uses of T cell assay data for safety assessment and concluded that experience from case studies on real-life risk assessment scenarios is needed to further consider the usefulness of assessing the fourth AOP key event.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Contact sensitizers trigger human CD1-autoreactive T-cell responses.
- Author
-
Betts RJ, Perkovic A, Mahapatra S, Del Bufalo A, Camara K, Howell AR, Martinozzi Teissier S, De Libero G, and Mori L
- Subjects
- Acrolein analogs & derivatives, Acrolein pharmacology, Antigen Presentation, Benzoquinones pharmacology, Cell Line, Dendritic Cells immunology, Dinitrochlorobenzene pharmacology, Eugenol analogs & derivatives, Eugenol pharmacology, Humans, Lipids immunology, Lymphocyte Activation, Monocytes drug effects, Resorcinols pharmacology, Skin immunology, Antigens, CD1 immunology, Dermatitis, Contact immunology, Natural Killer T-Cells immunology, T-Lymphocytes immunology
- Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis is a primarily T-cell-mediated inflammatory skin disease induced by exposure to small molecular-weight haptens, which covalently bind to proteins. The abundance of cutaneous T cells that recognize CD1a antigen-presenting molecules raises the possibility that MHC-independent antigen presentation may be relevant in some hapten-driven immune responses. Here we examine the ability of contact sensitizers to influence CD1-restricted immunity. Exposure of human antigen-presenting cells such as monocyte-derived dendritic cells and THP-1 cells to the prototypical contact sensitizer dinitrochlorobenzene potentiated the response of CD1a- and CD1d-autoreactive T cells, which released a vast array of cytokines in a CD1- and TCR-dependent manner. The potentiating effects of dinitrochlorobenzene depended upon newly synthesized CD1 molecules and the presence of endogenous stimulatory lipids. Further examination of a broad panel of contact sensitizers revealed 1,4-benzoquinone, resorcinol, isoeugenol, and cinnamaldehyde to activate the same type of CD1-restricted responses. These findings provide a basis for the antigen-specific activation of skin-associated CD1-restricted T cells by small molecules and may have implications for contact sensitizer-induced inflammatory skin diseases., (© 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Alternatives for skin sensitisation: Hazard identification and potency categorisation: Report from an EPAA/CEFIC LRI/Cosmetics Europe cross sector workshop, ECHA Helsinki, April 23rd and 24th 2015.
- Author
-
Basketter D, Ashikaga T, Casati S, Hubesch B, Jaworska J, de Knecht J, Landsiedel R, Manou I, Mehling A, Petersohn D, Rorije E, Rossi LH, Steiling W, Teissier S, and Worth A
- Subjects
- Animal Testing Alternatives trends, Animals, Cosmetics administration & dosage, Cosmetics pharmacokinetics, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact metabolism, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact pathology, Education trends, Europe, Finland, Humans, Risk Assessment methods, Risk Assessment trends, Skin metabolism, Skin pathology, Animal Testing Alternatives methods, Cosmetics toxicity, Education methods, Research Report trends, Skin drug effects
- Abstract
In the two years since the last workshop report, the environment surrounding the prediction of skin sensitisation hazards has experienced major change. Validated non-animal tests are now OECD Test Guidelines. Accordingly, the recent cross sector workshop focused on how to use in vitro data for regulatory decision-making. After a review of general approaches and six case studies, there was broad consensus that a simple, transparent stepwise process involving non-animal methods was an opportunity waiting to be seized. There was also strong feeling the approach should not be so rigidly defined that assay variations/additional tests are locked out. Neither should it preclude more complex integrated approaches being used for other purposes, e.g. potency estimation. All agreed the ultimate goal is a high level of protection of human health. Thus, experience in the population will be the final arbiter of whether toxicological predictions are fit for purpose. Central to this is the reflection that none of the existing animal assays is perfect; the non-animal methods should not be expected to be so either, but by integrated use of methods and all other relevant information, including clinical feedback, we have the opportunity to continue to improve toxicology whilst avoiding animal use., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. The Myeloid U937 Skin Sensitization Test (U-SENS) addresses the activation of dendritic cell event in the adverse outcome pathway for skin sensitization.
- Author
-
Piroird C, Ovigne JM, Rousset F, Martinozzi-Teissier S, Gomes C, Cotovio J, and Alépée N
- Subjects
- Allergens toxicity, Animal Testing Alternatives, Animals, Dermatitis, Contact immunology, Humans, Local Lymph Node Assay, Mice, Reproducibility of Results, Skin Tests, U937 Cells, Dendritic Cells immunology, Toxicity Tests methods
- Abstract
The U-SENS™ assay, formerly known as MUSST (Myeloid U937 Skin Sensitization Test), is an in vitro method to assess skin sensitization. Dendritic cell activation following exposure to sensitizers was modelled in the U937 human myeloid cell line by measuring the induction of the expression of CD86 by flow cytometry. The predictive performance of U-SENS™ was assessed via a comprehensive comparison analysis with the available human and LLNA data of 175 substances. U-SENS™ showed 79% specificity, 90% sensitivity and 88% accuracy. A four laboratory ring study demonstrated the transferability, reliability and reproducibility of U-SENS™, with a reproducibility of 95% within laboratories and 79% between-laboratories, showing that the U-SENS™ assay is a promising tool in a skin sensitization risk assessment testing strategy., (Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Systematic evaluation of non-animal test methods for skin sensitisation safety assessment.
- Author
-
Reisinger K, Hoffmann S, Alépée N, Ashikaga T, Barroso J, Elcombe C, Gellatly N, Galbiati V, Gibbs S, Groux H, Hibatallah J, Keller D, Kern P, Klaric M, Kolle S, Kuehnl J, Lambrechts N, Lindstedt M, Millet M, Martinozzi-Teissier S, Natsch A, Petersohn D, Pike I, Sakaguchi H, Schepky A, Tailhardat M, Templier M, van Vliet E, and Maxwell G
- Subjects
- Cell Line, Cosmetics, Epidermis drug effects, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Interleukin-18 analysis, Keratinocytes drug effects, Risk Assessment, Skin drug effects, U937 Cells drug effects, Animal Testing Alternatives methods, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology
- Abstract
The need for non-animal data to assess skin sensitisation properties of substances, especially cosmetics ingredients, has spawned the development of many in vitro methods. As it is widely believed that no single method can provide a solution, the Cosmetics Europe Skin Tolerance Task Force has defined a three-phase framework for the development of a non-animal testing strategy for skin sensitization potency prediction. The results of the first phase – systematic evaluation of 16 test methods – are presented here. This evaluation involved generation of data on a common set of ten substances in all methods and systematic collation of information including the level of standardisation, existing test data,potential for throughput, transferability and accessibility in cooperation with the test method developers.A workshop was held with the test method developers to review the outcome of this evaluation and to discuss the results. The evaluation informed the prioritisation of test methods for the next phase of the non-animal testing strategy development framework. Ultimately, the testing strategy – combined with bioavailability and skin metabolism data and exposure consideration – is envisaged to allow establishment of a data integration approach for skin sensitisation safety assessment of cosmetic ingredients.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Stranglehold on the spindle assembly checkpoint: the human papillomavirus E2 protein provokes BUBR1-dependent aneuploidy.
- Author
-
Tan CL, Teissier S, Gunaratne J, Quek LS, and Bellanger S
- Subjects
- Cdc20 Proteins genetics, Cdc20 Proteins metabolism, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, HeLa Cells, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Human papillomavirus 18 genetics, Humans, Keratinocytes metabolism, Keratinocytes virology, Mad2 Proteins genetics, Mad2 Proteins metabolism, Oncogene Proteins, Viral genetics, Papillomavirus Infections genetics, Papillomavirus Infections virology, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, RNA Interference, Signal Transduction, Spindle Apparatus genetics, Spindle Apparatus virology, Time Factors, Transfection, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 genetics, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 metabolism, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms genetics, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms virology, Aneuploidy, Human papillomavirus 18 metabolism, M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Oncogene Proteins, Viral metabolism, Papillomavirus Infections metabolism, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism, Spindle Apparatus metabolism, Uterine Cervical Neoplasms metabolism
- Abstract
The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) E2 protein, which inhibits the E6 and E7 viral oncogenes, is believed to have anti-oncogenic properties. Here, we challenge this view and show that HPV-18 E2 over-activates the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint (SAC) and induces DNA breaks in mitosis followed by aneuploidy. This phenotype is associated with interaction of E2 with the Mitotic Checkpoint Complex (MCC) proteins Cdc20, MAD2 and BUBR1. While BUBR1 silencing rescues the mitotic phenotype induced by E2, p53 silencing or presence of E6/E7 (inactivating p53 and increasing BUBR1 levels respectively) both amplify it. This work pinpoints E2 as a key protein in the initiation of HPV-induced cervical cancer and identifies the SAC as a target for oncogenic pathogens. Moreover, our results suggest a role of p53 in regulating the mitotic process itself and highlight SAC over-activation in a p53-negative context as a highly pathogenic event.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Genome-wide analysis of high risk human papillomavirus E2 proteins in human primary keratinocytes.
- Author
-
Sunthamala N, Pang CL, Thierry F, Teissier S, Pientong C, and Ekalaksananan T
- Abstract
The E2 protein is expressed in the early stage of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection that is associated with cervical lesions. This protein plays important roles in regulation of viral replication and transcription. To characterize the role of E2 protein in modulation of cellular gene expression in HPV infected cells, genome-wide expression profiling of human primary keratinocytes (HPK) harboring HPV16 E2 and HPV18 E2 was investigated using microarray. The Principle Components Analysis (PCA) revealed that the expression data of HPV16 E2 and HPV18 E2-transduced HPKs were rather closely clustered. The Venn diagram of modulated genes showed an overlap of 10 common genes in HPV16 E2 expressing HPK and HPV18 E2 expressing HPK. These genes were expressed with significant difference by comparison with control cells. In addition, the distinct sets of modulated genes were detected 14 and 34 genes in HPV16 E2 and HPV18 E2 expressing HPKs, respectively.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. E2 proteins of high risk human papillomaviruses down-modulate STING and IFN-κ transcription in keratinocytes.
- Author
-
Sunthamala N, Thierry F, Teissier S, Pientong C, Kongyingyoes B, Tangsiriwatthana T, Sangkomkamhang U, and Ekalaksananan T
- Subjects
- Adenoviridae metabolism, Cells, Cultured, DNA-Binding Proteins chemistry, Female, Gene Regulatory Networks, Genome, Human genetics, Green Fluorescent Proteins metabolism, Humans, Interferon Type I metabolism, Keratinocytes drug effects, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Oncogene Proteins, Viral chemistry, Poly I-C pharmacology, Protein Structure, Tertiary, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Recombinant Fusion Proteins metabolism, Recombination, Genetic, Transduction, Genetic, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Down-Regulation drug effects, Interferon Type I genetics, Keratinocytes metabolism, Membrane Proteins genetics, Oncogene Proteins, Viral metabolism, Transcription, Genetic drug effects
- Abstract
In the early stages of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, the viral proteins elicit specific immune responses that can participate to regression of ano-genital lesions. HPV E6 protein for instance can reduce type I interferon (IFN) including IFN-κ that is involved in immune evasion and HPV persistence. To evaluate the role of E2 protein in innate immunity in HPV16-associated cervical lesions, genome-wide expression profiling of human primary keratinocytes (HPK) transduced by HPV16 E2 was investigated using microarrays and innate immunity associated genes were specifically analyzed. The analyses showed that the expression of 779 genes was modulated by HPV16E2 and 92 of them were genes associated with innate immunity. Notably IFN-κ and STING were suppressed in HPK expressing the E2 proteins of HPV16 or HPV18 and the trans-activation amino-terminal domain of E2 was involved in the suppressive effect. The relationship between STING, IFN-κ and interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) in HPK was confirmed by gene silencing and real time PCR. The expression of STING and IFN-κ were further determined in clinical specimens by real time PCR. STING and IFN-κ were down-modulated in HPV positive low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions compared with HPV negative controls. This study demonstrates that E2 proteins of high risk HPV reduce STING and IFN-κ transcription and its downstream target genes that might be an immune evasion mechanism involved in HPV persistence and cervical cancer development.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.