Search

This article details a correction to: Röseler, L., Weber, L., Helgerth, K., Stich, E., Günther, M., Tegethoff, P., … Schütz, A. (2022). The Open Anchoring Quest Dataset: Anchored Estimates from 96 Studies on Anchoring Effects. Journal of Open Psychology Data, 10(1), 16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/jopd.67

Optimal epoxy resin embedding is crucial for obtaining consistent serial sections from large tissue samples, especially for block faces spanning >1 mm2. We report a method to quantify non-uniformity in resin curing using block hardness measurements from block faces. We identify conditions that lead to non-uniform curing as well as a procedure to monitor the hardness of blocks for a wide range of common epoxy resins used for volume electron microscopy. We also assess cutting repeatability and uniformity by quantifying the transverse and sectional cutting forces during ultrathin sectioning using a sample-mounted force sensor. Our findings indicate that screening and optimizing resin formulations is required to achieve the best repeatability in terms of section thickness. Finally, we explore the encapsulation of irregularly shaped tissue samples in a gelatin matrix prior to epoxy resin embedding to yield more uniform sections.

Introduction Approximately 30% of somatic hospital inpatients experience psychosocial distress, contributing to increased (re-)hospitalisation rates, treatment resistance, morbidity, and direct and indirect costs. However, such distress often remains unrecognised and unaddressed. We established ‘SomPsyNet’, a ‘stepped and collaborative care model’ (SCCM) for somatic hospital inpatients, aiming at alleviating this issue through early identification of distress and provision of appropriate care, providing problem-focused pathways and strengthening collaborative care. We report the protocol of the ‘SomPsyNet’ study, aiming to evaluate implementation and impact of the SCCM on distressed patients’ health-related quality of life. Secondary objectives include assessing efficacy of the screening procedures, influence of SCCM on other health outcomes and associated costs.Methods and analysis Our stepped wedge cluster randomised trial conducted at three tertiary hospitals comprises three conditions: treatment as usual (TAU) without screening for distress (phase 0), TAU with screening but without consequences (phase I, main comparator) and TAU with screening and psychosomatic-psychiatric consultations for those distressed (phase II). The time-of-transition between phases I and II was randomised. Sample size target is N=2200–2500 participants, with 6 month follow-up for distressed (anticipated n=640–700) and a subsample of non-distressed (anticipated n=200) patients. Primary outcome is mental health-related quality of life (SF-36 ‘Mental Health Component Summary score’); secondary outcomes include psychosocial distress, anxiety, depressive and somatic symptoms, symptom burden and distress, resilience, social support and qualitative of life, assessed by internationally accepted instruments, with good psychometric properties. Further, health claims data will be used to assess SCCM’s impact on direct and indirect costs.Ethics and dissemination SomPsyNet adheres to the Helsinki Declaration and is approved by the ‘Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz’ (2019–01724). Findings will be published in peer-reviewed journals and communicated to participants, healthcare professionals and the public.Trial registration number Swiss National Clinical Trials Portal; ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04269005, updated 19.09.2023).

Abstract Low-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cell systems (FCSs) need to reject large amounts of low temperature heat. Often a mobile FCS’s cooling capacity limits the FCS power output. Cryogenic hydrogen is typically utilized as a direct heat sink using heat exchangers (HXs), even though HXs destroy most hydrogen exergy. This paper investigates synergies between FCS thermal management and cryogenic hydrogen exergy utilization in terms of their benchmark performance: the FCS coolant circuit supplies heat at coolant temperature level to a so named reversible cryogenic exergy utilization system (rCEUS) comprised of thermodynamically ideal heat engine processes. The rCEUS converts this heat partly to electrical energy (the value of which equals the hydrogen exergy) and rejects remaining heat to hydrogen to heat it to coolant temperature. The rCEUS output power is used to support the FCS, so the FCS rejects less heat and a significant fraction of this heat is utilized by the rCEUS. As a result, significantly less heat has to be transferred to ambient and the fuel demand decreases. In this paper, three hydrogen storage options are compared: liquid hydrogen, subcooled liquid hydrogen and cryo-compressed hydrogen. Different para- and orthohydrogen compositions are evaluated. For typical FCS operating points, rejected FCS heat to ambient is reducible by 40–67%. FCS power demand is reducible by 14–31%. FCS rejected heat to ambient reduction is 4.5–8 times larger than that of conventional HXs. Calculations are based on hydrogen’s lower heating value.

ABSTRACT: Background: Early prognostication of COVID-19 severity will potentially improve patient care. Biomarkers, such as TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), and C-reactive protein (CRP), might represent possible tools for point-of-care testing and severity prediction. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we analyzed serum levels of TRAIL, IP-10, and CRP in patients with COVID-19, compared them with control subjects, and investigated the association with disease severity. Results: A total of 899 measurements were performed in 132 patients (mean age 64 years, 40.2% females). Among patients with COVID-19, TRAIL levels were lower (49.5 vs 87 pg/ml, P = 0.0142), whereas IP-10 and CRP showed higher levels (667.5 vs 127 pg/ml, P

The optimal control of complex thermal energy systems is a challenge due to their dynamic behavior and constantly changing boundary conditions. To maximize the energy efficiency of such a dynamic system, optimal trajectories for the controlled variables are needed. Extensive system knowledge is required to model the system accurately enough to be able to compute optimal trajectories. The high computational cost of computing optimal control solutions with traditional approaches, especially with changing boundary conditions, often makes this approach unusable for applications with limited computational power, such as real-time applications on electronic control units (ECUs). This study investigates a possible solution to this challenge using a simplified example system. Optimal control solutions for different boundary and initial conditions are generated for the selected solar thermal system using a direct multiple shooting algorithm. Based on Bellman’s optimality principle, the generated solutions are transformed into a data set of optimal state–action pairs. On this basis, different types of neural networks are trained, specifically a feed-forward, a recurrent, and a radial basis function network. Thus, data generation and training can be performed offline, and the required online computations are significantly reduced since the evaluation of a trained neural network requires comparatively low central processing unit (CPU) power. The trained neural network controllers are tested for their ability to output near-optimal control actions based on the current system state. The feed-forward and recurrent neural networks show promising initial results in this regard. Open questions and the need for improvements are discussed.

Unforeseen events can significantly affect organizations' supply chains and disrupt their continuous flow. Therefore, organizations need to develop a response capability that allows them to minimize the negative effect of such events and quickly recover from them, also known as resilience. This research performs a comparative analysis of the influence that risk, vulnerability, and adaptability have on the resilience capability of supply chains in Colombian defense sector organizations before and during the coronavirus outbreak. Based on a literature review, a survey was designed and applied online to collect data from respondents related to the activities of the Colombian Air Force supply chain. For the first wave, data was collected between December 2019 and January 2020. Data for the second wave was collected in August 2020. Results suggest that identifying and managing risks positively impact reducing vulnerability and increasing adaptability. Moreover, by decreasing exposure and improving adaptability, the organization positively influences supply chain resilience capability. The results also indicate that the pandemic positively affected risk and vulnerability awareness. The identification of vulnerabilities had a positive impact on the resilience capacity during the Corona Virus outbreak. This research provides relevant information for the Colombian government on developing public policies and mechanisms of service and support for defense sector organizations to strengthen their resilience capability. Likewise, the study offers valuable information to those organizations interested in improving their resilience capability and that of the sector in which they are involved.

PurposeThere is rising interest in Industry 4.0 as a factor in the competitiveness of the organization. Although many companies are aware of the importance of Industry 4.0, the development of such initiatives in Colombia is slow. Consequently, this research investigates the impact of additive technologies as part of the Industry 4.0 concept on operational effectiveness and, therefore, the competitiveness of the organization and tries to establish the factors that hinder the adequate implementation of such new, innovative technologies.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling was used to analyze the antecedents and outcomes of operational effectiveness. To this end, 946 usable questionnaires were collected from managers and personnel from Colombian organizations.FindingsInitial findings show that management is aware of Industry 4.0 concepts and implements strategies for such initiatives. Nevertheless, neither process innovation nor additive technologies have a significant impact on operational effectiveness and therefore on the competitiveness of the organization.Practical implicationsThe implementation of new innovative technologies requires the closure of the digital gap between urban and rural areas and between large and medium and small enterprises. Similarly, the concept of Industry 4.0 as a new, innovative manufacturing concept requires a transversal implementation to increase the competitiveness of the organization.Originality/valueThe value of this paper lies in discussing the current technological and human capabilities and strategies that Colombian organizations, as an example of a developing nation, should improve to leverage the benefits of Industry 4.0 to remain competitive. The results are probably generalizable to other regions in developing countries throughout the world.

People’s estimates are biased toward previously considered numbers (anchoring). We have aggregated all available data from anchoring studies that included at least two anchors into one large dataset. Data were standardized to comprise one estimate per row, coded according to a wide range of variables, and are available for download and analyses online (https://metaanalyses.shinyapps.io/OpAQ/). Because the dataset includes both original and meta-data it allows for fine-grained analyses (e.g., correlations of estimates for different tasks) but also for meta-analyses (e.g., effect sizes for anchoring effects).

Aim: To understand and interpret the lived experience of newly qualified midwives (NQMs) as they acquire skills to work in free‐standing birth centres (FSBCs), as well as the lived experience of experienced midwives in FSBCs in Germany who work with NQMs. Background: In many high‐, middle‐ and low‐income countries, the scope of practice of midwives includes autonomous care of labouring women in all settings, including hospitals, home and FSBCs. There has been to date no research detailing the skills acquired when midwives who have trained in hospitals offer care in out‐of‐hospital settings. Methods: This study was underpinned by hermeneutic phenomenology. Fifteen NQMs in their orientation period in a FSBC were interviewed three times in their first year. In addition to this, focus groups were conducted in 13 FSBCs. Data were collected between 2021 and 2023. Findings: Using Heidegger's theory of technology as the philosophical underpinning, the results illustrate that the NQMs were facilitated to bring forth competencies to interpret women's unique variations of physiological labour, comprehending when they could enact intervention‐free care, when the women necessitated a gentle intervention, and when acceleration of labour or transfer to hospital was necessary. Conclusion: NQMs learned to effectively integrate medical knowledge with midwifery skills and knowledge, creating a bridge between the medical and midwifery approaches to care. Implications: This paper showed the positive effects that an orientation and familiarization period with an experienced team of midwives have on the skill development of novice practitioners in FSBCs. Impact: The findings of this study will have an impact on training and orientation for nurse‐midwives and direct‐entry midwives when they begin to practice in out‐of‐hospital settings after training and working in hospital labour wards. Patient and Public Contribution: This research study has four cooperating partners: MotherHood, Network of Birth Centres, the Association for Quality at Out‐of‐Hospital Birth and the German Association of Midwifery Science. The cooperating partners met six times in a period of 2 ½ years to hear reports on the preliminary research findings and discuss these from the point of view of each organization. In addition, at each meeting, three midwives from various FSBCs were present to discuss the results and implications. The cooperating partners also helped disseminate study information that facilitated recruitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article delves into the role of adaptive environmental strategies, absorptive capacity, and eco-innovation in enhancing environmental performance, particularly in the context of market turbulence. The study, conducted among 568 companies in Colombia, employs structural equation modeling to evaluate relationships between the studied variables. The findings suggest that adaptive strategies alone do not directly impact environmental performance, emphasizing the need for integration with eco-innovation initiatives. Moreover, organizations with high absorptive capacity can leverage market turbulence to drive eco-innovative initiatives, highlighting the indirect yet significant impact of market turbulence on environmental performance through absorptive capacity. The study underscores the critical role of eco-innovation in directly influencing environmental outcomes, suggesting that the effectiveness of adaptive strategies and absorptive capacities hinges on successful eco-innovation initiatives. These insights offer practical guidance for organizations seeking to enhance their environmental performance in turbulent markets, providing a roadmap for sustainable business practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents of children with life-limiting diseases are central informal care providers. They fill out their role as co-producers of the health care system in different ways, as empirically reconstructed parent type's show. In this article, the heterogeneous social practice of physiotherapeutic care provision is reflected from the perspective of self-regulation theory. The aim is to identify starting points for how parental self-efficacy can be positively influenced by educational support.